A tooling for laser welding and a laser welding apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for laser welding tooling and laser welding equipment, it is related to laser welding technical field.Tooling includes main body structure and bushing.Main body structure is equipped with welding channel, and welding channel includes laser import and laser export.Main body structure is equipped with clamping groove and installation slot.Bushing is located in welding channel.Bushing includes body and the clamping protrusion on the body.Clamping groove includes the first slot portion and the second slot portion of the circumferential arrangement along welding channel, and the first slot portion is located in installation slot one side close to laser export, and clamping protrusion is clamped in the second slot portion.The tooling is convenient to install and dismount, can be used for protective welding equipment and workpiece, and improve weld quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser welding technology, specifically to a tooling and laser welding equipment for laser welding. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a welding technology that uses a high-energy-density laser beam to bombard a workpiece, causing the material to melt and join rapidly. When laser welding, a laser welding fixture is generally required. The laser passes through a welding channel within the fixture and strikes the workpiece, while the fixture blocks the weld slag produced during laser welding. Weld slag will adhere to the inner surface of the laser welding fixture, but excessive slag buildup can affect the laser's transmission performance through the welding channel. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the weld slag from the inner surface of the laser welding fixture.

[0003] In existing technologies, cleaning the inner surface of laser welding fixtures typically involves disassembling the fixture and then grinding its inner surface. This method of cleaning the welding slag from the inner surface of the laser welding fixture is extremely inconvenient and affects work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a tooling for laser welding to solve the problem of how to improve the cleaning efficiency of laser welding tooling; the other objective is to provide a laser welding device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: According to a first aspect of this application, a fixture for laser welding is provided, the fixture including a main structure and a bushing. The main structure has a welding channel, which includes a laser inlet and a laser outlet. The main structure has a snap-fit ​​groove and a mounting groove. The snap-fit ​​groove is recessed radially from the inner circumferential surface of the main structure along the welding channel. The mounting groove is recessed from the end face of the laser inlet to the snap-fit ​​groove and extends radially along the welding channel to the inner circumferential surface of the welding channel. The bushing is disposed within the welding channel and extends circumferentially along the welding channel. The bushing includes a body and a snap-fit ​​protrusion disposed on the body. The snap-fit ​​groove includes a first groove portion and a second groove portion arranged circumferentially along the welding channel. The first groove portion is located on the side of the mounting groove near the laser outlet, and the snap-fit ​​protrusion engages with the second groove portion.

[0006] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by setting a bushing inside the welding channel of the main structure, and the bushing extending circumferentially along the welding channel, when the laser enters the welding channel from the laser inlet and exits from the laser outlet, the laser is located within the space enclosed by the bushing. Thus, the weld slag generated during laser welding of the workpiece, after sputtering into the welding channel, will adhere to the bushing instead of the inner surface of the main structure. Furthermore, by setting mounting grooves and snap-fit ​​grooves on the main structure, and snap-fit ​​protrusions on the bushing body, when there is a large amount of weld slag adhering to the bushing and affecting the laser's passage, the bushing can be rotated, causing the snap-fit ​​protrusion to move from the second groove to the first groove; then, the bushing can be moved axially along the welding channel towards the mounting groove to remove it from the main structure, and a new bushing can be installed. This allows for rapid bushing replacement, thereby achieving rapid removal of weld slag, improving the efficiency of weld slag removal, and ensuring that the tooling can be quickly put into operation.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the main structure is further provided with a first positioning hole, and the bushing is further provided with a second positioning hole. The first positioning hole and the second positioning hole both extend radially along the welding channel, and the first positioning hole and the second positioning hole are aligned.

[0008] According to the aforementioned technical means, by setting a first positioning hole on the main structure and a second positioning hole on the bushing, it is convenient to determine whether the bushing is in the correct installation position within the main structure during installation. When the bushing is installed into the welding channel of the main structure and the snap-fit ​​protrusion on the body is in the first groove of the snap-fit ​​groove, the second positioning hole cannot be observed from the first positioning hole, indicating that the bushing is not installed correctly at this time; when the snap-fit ​​protrusion on the body is in the second groove of the snap-fit ​​groove, the second positioning hole can be observed from the first positioning hole and the first and second positioning holes are aligned, indicating that the bushing has been correctly installed within the main structure.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the size of the mounting groove is larger than the size of the snap-fit ​​protrusion along the circumference of the welding channel.

[0010] Based on the above technical means, by setting the size of the mounting groove to be larger than the size of the snap-fit ​​protrusion, the convenience of installing the bushing in the main structure can be improved.

[0011] In one possible implementation, along the circumference of the welding channel, the inner wall surface of the mounting groove away from the second groove is coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove away from the second groove.

[0012] According to the above technical means, by setting the inner wall surface of the mounting groove away from the second groove to be coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove away from the second groove, during the engagement of the locking protrusion and the locking groove, the locking protrusion can move along the inner wall surfaces of the mounting groove and the first groove away from the second groove. This allows the inner wall surfaces of the mounting groove and the first groove away from the second groove to guide the locking protrusion. Furthermore, after the locking protrusion enters the first groove, the blocking and limiting effect of the inner wall surface of the first groove away from the second groove on the locking protrusion allows for quick determination of the bushing's rotation direction, enabling the locking protrusion to quickly enter the second groove. This facilitates the installation of the locking protrusion on the bushing through the mounting groove device to the second groove of the locking groove in the main structure, making the installation process of the bushing and the main structure simpler and faster.

[0013] In one possible implementation, there are multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions and multiple snap-fit ​​grooves, and the multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions and multiple snap-fit ​​grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the welding channel, with one snap-fit ​​protrusion snapping into one snap-fit ​​groove.

[0014] Based on the above technical means, by setting multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions and snap-fit ​​grooves, that is, by achieving the connection between the bushing and the main structure through multiple connections, the connection between the bushing and the main structure can be made more stable.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the main structure further includes a first slag discharge channel and a protective gas inlet channel. The bushing includes a first portion and a second portion, which are arranged circumferentially along the welding channel and form a first channel. A ventilation gap is defined between the first portion and the main structure, and the protective gas inlet channel communicates with the ventilation gap. The second portion contacts the main structure and is provided with a second slag discharge channel, one end of which communicates with the first channel, and the other end of which communicates with the first slag discharge channel.

[0016] Based on the aforementioned technical means, by setting up a first slag discharge channel and a second slag discharge channel and connecting them, it is convenient to connect the slag discharge assembly to the first slag discharge channel, allowing for timely discharge of waste gas and welding slag generated during laser welding from the first slag discharge channel. This avoids the waste gas and spattered welding slag from obstructing the laser beam and affecting welding quality, and also prevents the accumulation of welding slag on the bushing from obstructing the laser beam path. By defining a ventilation gap between the first part of the bushing and the main structure, and setting a shielding gas inlet channel connected to the ventilation gap, it is convenient to connect the gas supply assembly to the shielding gas inlet channel. The gas supply assembly then introduces shielding gas from the shielding gas inlet channel into the ventilation gap, and then through the ventilation gap to the surface to be welded. During laser welding of a workpiece, the temperature of the welded part reaches above the melting point of the workpiece material. Typically, during the welding process, a shielding gas, i.e., an inert gas, is introduced above the surface to be welded to isolate it from the air, preventing oxidation of the material at the welded part and thus reducing the weld strength. By setting the second part to contact the main structure, the protective gas path formed by the protective gas inlet channel to the ventilation gap can be isolated from the slag discharge path formed by the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel, thus avoiding mutual interference between the two processes of introducing protective gas and discharging waste gas and welding slag, and ensuring the protective gas's effect of preventing weld oxidation.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the width of the venting gap along the radial direction of the welding channel can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.0 mm.

[0018] According to the above technical means, by setting the width of the ventilation gap to be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.0 mm, more protective gas can enter the ventilation gap at the same time, and further, an isolation layer can be formed on the surface to be welded more quickly.

[0019] In one possible implementation, along the axial direction of the welding channel, the distance between the center of the first slag discharge channel and the end of the main structure near the laser exit can be greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.

[0020] According to the above technical means, by setting the distance between the center of the first slag discharge channel and the end of the main structure near the laser exit to be greater than or equal to 25mm and less than or equal to 35mm, the impact on the protective gas isolation layer can be reduced when drawing and discharging exhaust gas and welding slag from the first slag discharge channel, thus avoiding disturbance to the protective gas isolation layer and preventing it from mixing with air.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the protective gas inlet channel is connected to the end of the ventilation gap near the laser inlet.

[0022] According to the above technical means, by setting the protective gas inlet channel and the ventilation gap connected to the end near the laser inlet, the protective gas flow from the protective gas inlet channel can be slowed down and dispersed in the ventilation gap, so that the protective gas can form a complete isolation layer on the surface to be welded, so as to isolate the air and prevent the weld from oxidizing.

[0023] In one possible implementation, multiple threaded holes may be provided around the first slag discharge channel.

[0024] According to the above technical means, by setting multiple threaded holes around the first slag discharge channel, it is easy to connect the slag discharge component with the tooling.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the main structure may also be provided with a plurality of connecting through holes, the axial direction of which is consistent with the axial direction of the welding channel.

[0026] According to the above-mentioned technical means, by setting multiple connection through holes on the main structure, it is convenient to connect the tooling to other components, such as drive components.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the first portion includes a first sub-part and a second sub-part along the axial direction of the welding channel, the first sub-part being connected to the side of the second sub-part near the laser inlet, the first sub-part contacting the main structure, and the second sub-part defining the ventilation gap with the main structure.

[0028] Based on the aforementioned technical means, by setting the first sub-part to contact the main structure, leakage of the protective gas introduced from the protective gas inlet channel at one end of the laser inlet can be prevented. Further setting the second sub-part to define a ventilation gap with the main structure allows the protective gas introduced from the protective gas inlet channel to flow towards the surface of the workpiece to be welded, thus preventing weld oxidation.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the size of the ventilation gap is larger than the size of the second portion along the circumference of the welding channel.

[0030] According to the above technical means, by setting the size of the ventilation gap to be larger than the size of the second part, the flow rate of protective gas input into the space enclosed by the first channel can be increased, so as to provide sufficient protective gas to protect the weld from oxidation.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the bushing further includes a third portion extending circumferentially around the welding channel and axially along the welding channel, wherein both the first and second portions are connected to the third portion on the side near the laser inlet. A diffusion gap is defined between the third portion and the main structure, the diffusion gap communicating with the venting gap.

[0032] According to the above technical means, by setting a third part on the bushing and defining a diffusion gap between the third part and the main structure, and making the diffusion gap and the ventilation gap connected, the protective gas flow introduced from the protective gas inlet channel can flow evenly from the periphery of the surface to be welded to the surface to be welded, which helps the protective gas to quickly occupy the surface to be welded and isolate the air.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the third part is a conical structure. The inner circumferential surface of the main structure includes a conical surface, and the diffusion gap is defined between the conical surface and the conical structure.

[0034] Based on the aforementioned technical means, by setting the inner circumferential surface of the main structure to include a conical surface and the third part to be a conical structure, the protective gas diffused from the diffusion gap can flow obliquely towards the surface to be welded. This facilitates rapid diffusion of the protective gas within the space enclosed by the first channel, isolating air and preventing it from directly blowing onto the weld seam, thus avoiding affecting the welding effect. Furthermore, by including a conical surface on the inner circumferential surface of the main structure, the dimensions of the end of the main structure near the laser exit and the surface to be welded on the workpiece can be matched, which helps to press the surface to be welded firmly and improve welding quality.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the distance between the end of the conical surface of the main structure near the laser exit and the end of the third part near the laser exit can be greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0036] According to the above technical means, by setting a certain distance between the two ends, it is convenient for the protective airflow to enter the space enclosed by the first channel from the ventilation gap, so as to isolate the air and protect the weld.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the wall thickness of the end of the conical surface of the main structure near the laser exit can be greater than or equal to 2.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.5 mm.

[0038] According to the above technical means, by setting the wall thickness here to be greater than or equal to 2.5mm and less than or equal to 3.5mm, it can be ensured that the tooling will not be damaged when it comes into contact with the surface to be welded under a certain pressure, and it can also avoid the tooling forming indentations on the surface to be welded of the workpiece.

[0039] According to a second aspect of this application, a laser welding apparatus is provided, which includes the aforementioned tooling.

[0040] Therefore, the above-mentioned technical features of this application have the following beneficial effects: (1) This application provides a bushing within the welding channel of the main structure. Thus, the slag generated during laser welding of the workpiece will adhere to the bushing after being sputtered into the welding channel, rather than adhering to the inner surface of the main structure. By providing mounting grooves and snap-fit ​​grooves on the main structure, and snap-fit ​​protrusions on the bushing body, when there is a large amount of slag adhering to the bushing and affecting the laser's passability, the bushing can be rotated to move the snap-fit ​​protrusion from the second groove to the first groove; then, the bushing can be moved axially along the welding channel towards the mounting groove to remove it from the main structure, and a new bushing can be installed; thereby quickly replacing the bushing to achieve slag removal efficiency and ensure rapid tooling deployment.

[0041] (2) By setting a first positioning hole on the main structure and a second positioning hole on the bushing, this application makes it easier to determine whether the bushing is in the correct installation position within the main structure during installation.

[0042] (3) By setting the inner wall surface of the mounting groove away from the second groove to be coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove away from the second groove, the snap-fit ​​protrusion on the bushing can be easily passed through the mounting groove device to the second groove of the snap-fit ​​groove of the main structure, which makes the installation process of the bushing and the main structure simpler and faster.

[0043] (4) This application sets multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions and snap-fit ​​grooves, that is, the bushing is connected to the main structure through multiple connections, which can make the connection between the bushing and the main structure more stable.

[0044] (5) By setting up a first slag discharge channel and a second slag discharge channel, this application can facilitate the discharge of waste gas and welding slag generated during laser welding from the first slag discharge channel to the outside, thus avoiding the obstruction of the laser beam by waste gas and spattered welding slag and affecting the welding quality, and also avoiding the accumulation of welding slag on the bushing that obstructs the laser beam path. By defining a ventilation gap between the first part of the bushing and the main structure, and setting up a shielding gas inlet channel that connects to the ventilation gap, it is convenient to connect the gas supply component and the shielding gas inlet channel. The shielding gas is introduced into the ventilation gap through the shielding gas inlet channel by the gas supply component, and then flows to the surface to be welded along the ventilation gap. By setting up a second part that contacts the main structure, the shielding gas path formed by the shielding gas inlet channel to the ventilation gap can be isolated from the slag discharge path formed by the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel, thus avoiding mutual interference between the two processes of introducing shielding gas and discharging waste gas and welding slag, and ensuring the effect of shielding gas in preventing weld oxidation.

[0045] (6) By setting the first sub-part to contact the main structure, this application can prevent the protective gas introduced from the protective gas inlet channel from leaking at one end of the laser inlet. Further setting the second sub-part to define the ventilation gap with the main structure can allow the protective gas introduced from the protective gas inlet channel to flow to the surface of the workpiece to be welded, thereby achieving the function of avoiding weld oxidation.

[0046] (7) By setting the size of the ventilation gap to be larger than that of the second part, this application can increase the flow rate of protective gas into the space enclosed by the first channel, so as to provide sufficient protective gas to protect the weld from oxidation.

[0047] (8) By providing a third part on the bushing and defining a diffusion gap between the third part and the main structure, and making the diffusion gap and the ventilation gap communicate, the protective gas flow introduced from the protective gas inlet channel can flow evenly from the periphery of the surface to be welded to the surface to be welded, which helps the protective gas to quickly occupy the surface to be welded and isolate the air.

[0048] (9) By setting the inner circumferential surface of the main structure to include a conical surface and the third part to be a conical structure, the protective gas diffused from the diffusion gap can flow obliquely to the surface to be welded, which facilitates the rapid diffusion of the protective gas within the space enclosed by the first channel, isolates the air, and prevents it from blowing directly onto the weld and affecting the welding effect. By setting the inner circumferential surface of the main structure to include a conical surface, it is also convenient to match the size of the end of the main structure near the laser exit with the surface of the workpiece to be welded, which helps to press the surface to be welded and improve the welding quality.

[0049] It should be noted that the technical effects of the second implementation method can be found in the technical effects of the corresponding implementation method in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application, and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0052] Figure 1 Exploded views of the tooling provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial view of the main structure of the tooling shown; Figure 3 for Figure 1A sectional view of the tooling shown; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The front view of the tooling shown.

[0053] Reference numerals: 1. Main structure; 11. Welding channel; 111. Laser inlet; 112. Laser outlet; 12. Snap-fit ​​groove; 121. First groove; 122. Second groove; 13. Mounting groove; 14. First positioning hole; 15. First slag discharge channel; 16. Protective gas inlet channel; 2. Bushing; 21. Body; 22. Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 23. Second positioning hole; 24. First part; 241. First sub-part; 242. Second sub-part; 25. Second part; 26. First channel; 27. Second slag discharge channel; 28. Third part; J1, ventilation gap; J2, diffusion gap; L, threaded hole; T, connecting through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0056] This application provides a tooling for laser welding in some embodiments. This tooling is used to guide the laser emitted by the laser welding equipment so that the laser irradiates the workpiece to be welded, thereby performing welding on the workpiece. Specifically, this tooling can be used for laser welding of busbars and battery cell terminals in the field of power batteries, and can also be used for laser welding of thin metal plates.

[0057] In some embodiments, the tooling may include a main structure 1 and a bushing 2, see reference. Figure 1 , Figure 2 The main structure 1 is provided with a welding channel 11, which includes a laser inlet 111 and a laser outlet 112. The laser emitted by the laser welding equipment can enter the welding channel 11 through the laser inlet 111, pass through the welding channel 11 and exit through the laser outlet 112 to the surface of the workpiece to be welded, so as to weld the workpiece.

[0058] The main structure 1 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 12 and a mounting groove 13. The snap-fit ​​groove 12 is recessed radially from the inner circumferential surface of the main structure 1 along the welding channel. The mounting groove 13 is recessed from the end face of the laser inlet 111 to the snap-fit ​​groove 12 and extends radially along the welding channel 11 to the inner circumferential surface of the welding channel 11. The bushing 2 is disposed in the welding channel 11 and extends circumferentially along the welding channel 11. The bushing 2 includes a body 21 and a snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 disposed on the body 21. The snap-fit ​​groove 12 may include a first groove portion 121 and a second groove portion 122 arranged circumferentially along the welding channel 11. The first groove portion 121 is located on the side of the mounting groove 13 near the laser outlet 112, and the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 snaps into the second groove portion 122.

[0059] During the use of the above-mentioned tooling, the end face of the laser outlet 112 in the main structure 1 is suitable to abut against the surface of the workpiece to be welded so as to press the workpiece tightly; the laser beam can pass through the inside of the welding channel 11 and irradiate the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The high energy density laser beam can heat the irradiated part of the workpiece to above the melting point of the workpiece material. After the irradiated part is cooled and solidified, the welding of the workpiece is achieved.

[0060] When placing the bushing 2 within the welding channel 11 of the main structure 1, firstly, along the axial direction of the welding channel 11, insert the end of the bushing 2 without the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 into the welding channel 11. Next, align the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 on the body 21 of the bushing 2 with the mounting groove 13 on the main structure 1, and further position the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 through the mounting groove 13 into the first groove 121 of the snap-fit ​​recess 12. Finally, rotate the bushing 2 around the axis of the welding channel 11 by a certain angle, so that the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 snaps into the second groove 122.

[0061] By providing a bushing 2 within the welding channel 11 of the main structure 1, with the bushing 2 extending circumferentially along the welding channel 11, the laser is positioned within the space enclosed by the bushing 2 when it enters the welding channel 111 through the laser inlet 111 and exits through the laser outlet 112. Thus, weld slag generated during welding of the workpiece will adhere to the bushing 2 after sputtering into the welding channel 11, rather than adhering to the inner surface of the main structure 1. Based on this, by setting an installation groove 13 and a snap-fit ​​groove 12 on the main structure 1, and setting a snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 on the body 21 of the bushing 2, when there is a lot of welding slag attached to the bushing 2 and it affects the laser's passability, the bushing 2 can be rotated so that the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 moves from the second groove 122 to the first groove 121; then the bushing 2 is moved along the axial direction of the welding channel 11 toward the installation groove 13, and the bushing 2 is removed from the main structure 1 and replaced with a new bushing 2; thus, the bushing 2 can be replaced quickly, so as to achieve the removal of welding slag by quickly replacing the bushing 2, improve the efficiency of welding slag removal, and ensure that the tooling can be put into operation quickly.

[0062] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The main structure 1 may also be provided with a first positioning hole 14, and the bushing 2 may also be provided with a second positioning hole 23. The first positioning hole 14 and the second positioning hole 23 both extend radially along the welding channel 11, and the first positioning hole 14 and the second positioning hole 23 are aligned.

[0063] By providing a first positioning hole 14 on the main structure 1 and a second positioning hole 23 on the bushing 2, it is convenient to determine whether the bushing 2 is in the correct installation position within the main structure 1 when it is installed onto the main structure 1. Specifically, during the installation of the bushing 2 into the welding channel 11 of the main structure 1, when the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 on the body 21 of the bushing 2 is in the first groove 121 of the snap-fit ​​groove 12, the second positioning hole 23 cannot be observed from the first positioning hole 14, indicating that the bushing 2 is not installed in place at this time; when the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 on the body 21 is in the second groove 122 of the snap-fit ​​groove 12, the second positioning hole 23 can be observed from the first positioning hole 14 and the first positioning hole 14 and the second positioning hole 23 are aligned, indicating that the bushing 2 has been correctly installed within the main structure 1.

[0064] In some embodiments, the size of the mounting groove 13 is larger than the size of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 along the circumferential direction of the welding channel 11. By setting the size of the mounting groove 13 to be larger than the size of the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22, the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 can easily pass through the mounting groove 13 and enter the snap-fit ​​groove 12.

[0065] In some other embodiments, the main structure 1 and the bushing 2 can also be positioned by other positioning methods during assembly. For example, a first positioning block is provided on the inner wall surface of the main structure 1, and a second positioning block is provided on one end face of the bushing 2 in the axial direction of the welding channel 11. The first positioning block and the second positioning block are contacted and positioned to determine that the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 of the bushing 2 is snapped into the second groove 122 of the main structure 1.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 Along the circumference of the welding channel 11, the inner wall surface of the mounting groove 13 away from the second groove 122 is coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122. By setting the inner wall surface of the mounting groove 13 away from the second groove 122 to be coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122, during the engagement of the locking protrusion 22 and the locking groove 12, the locking protrusion 22 can move along the inner wall surface of the mounting groove 13 away from the second groove 122 and the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122, so that the inner wall surface of the mounting groove 13 away from the second groove 122 and the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122 can guide the locking protrusion 22. After the locking protrusion 22 enters the first groove 121, the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122 can block and limit the locking protrusion 22, so that the rotation direction of the bushing 2 can be quickly determined, allowing the locking protrusion 22 to quickly enter the second groove 122. This makes it easier to attach the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 on the bushing 2 to the second groove 122 of the snap-fit ​​groove 12 of the main structure 1 via the mounting groove 13, making the installation process of the bushing 2 and the main structure 1 simpler and faster.

[0067] In some other embodiments, the inner wall surface of the mounting groove 13 away from the second groove 122 may not be coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122. For example, along the circumference of the welding channel 11, the inner wall surface of the first groove 121 away from the second groove 122 is further away from the second groove 122 than the inner wall surface of the mounting groove 13 away from the second groove 122. This allows the snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 to smoothly enter the second groove 122.

[0068] In some embodiments, there are multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions 22 and multiple snap-fit ​​grooves 12, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the welding channel 11. Each snap-fit ​​groove 12 has a mounting groove 13, and one snap-fit ​​protrusion 22 snaps into one snap-fit ​​groove 12. Exemplarily, the number of snap-fit ​​protrusions 22 and snap-fit ​​grooves 12 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. In some examples, the multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions 22 and multiple snap-fit ​​grooves 12 can be evenly spaced along the circumference of the welding channel 11.

[0069] By setting multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions 22 and multiple snap-fit ​​grooves 12, the bushing 2 and the main structure 1 are connected through multiple connections, which makes the connection between the bushing 2 and the main structure 1 more stable.

[0070] In some other embodiments, the number of snap-fit ​​protrusions 22, snap-fit ​​grooves 12, and mounting slots 13 may all be one.

[0071] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 The main structure 1 may also include a first slag discharge channel 15 and a shielding gas inlet channel 16. The first slag discharge channel 15 can be used to discharge the waste gas and welding slag generated during laser welding in the tooling, and the shielding gas inlet channel 16 can be used to introduce shielding gas above the surface of the workpiece to be welded in the tooling. For example, the shielding gas can be nitrogen, helium, etc.

[0072] The bushing 2 may include a first portion 24 and a second portion 25, which are arranged circumferentially along the welding channel 11 and form a first channel 26. A venting gap J1 is defined between the first portion 24 and the main structure 1, and a protective gas inlet channel 16 communicates with the venting gap J1. The second portion 25 contacts the main structure 1. For example, the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 25 contacts the inner peripheral surface of the main structure 1, so that there is no gap or a very small gap between the second portion 25 and the main structure 1, insufficient for airflow.

[0073] The second part 25 is provided with a second slag discharge channel 27. One end of the second slag discharge channel 27 is connected to the first channel 26, and the other end of the second slag discharge channel 27 is connected to the first slag discharge channel 15.

[0074] By setting up and connecting the first slag discharge channel 15 and the second slag discharge channel 27, it is convenient to connect the slag discharge assembly to the first slag discharge channel 15, and promptly discharge the waste gas and welding slag generated during laser welding from the first slag discharge channel 15. This avoids the waste gas and spattered welding slag from obstructing the laser beam and affecting the welding quality, and also avoids the accumulation of welding slag on the bushing 2 from obstructing the laser beam path. By defining the ventilation gap J1 between the first part 24 of the bushing 2 and the main structure 1, and setting the shielding gas inlet channel 16 to connect with the ventilation gap J1, it is convenient to connect the gas supply assembly to the shielding gas inlet channel 16. The gas supply assembly introduces the shielding gas from the shielding gas inlet channel 16 into the ventilation gap J1, and then through the ventilation gap J1 to the surface to be welded. When laser welding a workpiece, the temperature of the welded part reaches above the melting point of the workpiece material. Usually, during the welding process, a shielding gas, i.e., an inert gas, is introduced above the surface to be welded to isolate the air and prevent the material of the welded part from oxidizing, thereby reducing the welding strength. By setting the second part 25 to contact the main structure 1, the protective gas path formed by the protective gas inlet channel 16 to the gas passage gap J1 can be isolated from the slag discharge path formed by the first slag discharge channel 15 and the second slag discharge channel 27, so as to avoid mutual interference between the two processes of introducing protective gas and discharging waste gas and welding slag, and can ensure the effect of protective gas in preventing weld oxidation.

[0075] In some embodiments, the width of the venting gap J1 along the radial direction of the welding channel 11 can be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.0 mm. For example, it can be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1.0 mm, etc. By setting the width of the venting gap J1 to be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.0 mm, more shielding gas can enter the venting gap J1 simultaneously, further enabling the formation of an isolation layer on the surface to be welded more quickly.

[0076] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 Along the axial direction of the welding channel 11, the distance between the axis of the first slag discharge channel 15 and the end of the main structure 1 near the laser outlet 112 can be greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm. For example, it can be 25 mm, 30 mm, or 35 mm. By setting the distance between the center of the first slag discharge channel 15 and the end of the main structure 1 near the laser outlet 112 to be greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm, the impact on the shielding gas isolation layer can be reduced when drawing and discharging exhaust gas and welding slag from the first slag discharge channel 15, avoiding disturbance to the shielding gas isolation layer and preventing it from mixing with air.

[0077] In some embodiments, see Figure 3The shielding gas inlet channel 16 is connected to the end of the ventilation gap J1 near the laser inlet 111. By connecting the shielding gas inlet channel 16 to the end of the ventilation gap J1 near the laser inlet 111, the shielding gas flow from the shielding gas inlet channel 16 can be slowed down and dispersed within the ventilation gap J1, allowing the shielding gas to form a complete isolation layer on the surface to be welded, thus isolating air and preventing weld oxidation.

[0078] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 Multiple threaded holes L can be provided around the first slag discharge channel 15. For example, the number of threaded holes L can be 2, 3, or 4, etc. In this application, 4 threaded holes L are used as an example. By providing multiple threaded holes L around the first slag discharge channel 15, the connection between the slag discharge assembly and the tooling can be easily realized.

[0079] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The main structure 1 may also be provided with multiple connecting through holes T, the axial direction of which is aligned with the axial direction of the welding channel 11. For example, the number of connecting through holes T can be 2, 3, or 4, etc.; in this application, 4 connecting through holes T are used as an example. By providing multiple connecting through holes T on the main structure 1, it is convenient to connect the tooling to other components, such as a drive assembly. The drive assembly is used to drive the tooling away from or towards the workpiece.

[0080] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The first portion 24 includes a first sub-portion 241 and a second sub-portion 242. Along the axial direction of the welding channel 11, the first sub-portion 241 is connected to the second sub-portion 242 on the side near the laser inlet 111, and the first sub-portion 241 contacts the main body structure 1. Exemplarily, the outer peripheral surface of the first sub-portion 241 contacts the inner peripheral surface of the main body structure 1, so that there is no gap between the first sub-portion 241 and the inner peripheral surface of the main body structure 1. The second sub-portion 242 defines a ventilation gap J1 with the main body structure 1.

[0081] By setting the first sub-part 241 to contact the main structure 1, leakage of the protective gas introduced from the protective gas inlet channel 16 at one end of the laser inlet 111 can be prevented. Further setting the second sub-part 242 to define the ventilation gap J1 with the main structure 1 allows the protective gas introduced from the protective gas inlet channel 16 to flow towards the surface of the workpiece to be welded, thereby preventing weld oxidation.

[0082] In some embodiments, the size of the venting gap J1 is larger than the size of the second portion 25 along the circumference of the welding channel 11. By setting the size of the venting gap J1 to be larger than the size of the second portion 25, the flow rate of the shielding gas input into the space enclosed by the first channel 26 can be increased, thereby providing sufficient shielding gas to protect the weld from oxidation.

[0083] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 The bushing 2 may also include a third portion 28, which extends circumferentially around the welding channel 11 and axially along the welding channel 11. The first portion 24 and the second portion 25 are both connected to the third portion 28 on the side near the laser inlet 112. A diffusion gap J2 is defined between the third portion 28 and the main structure 1, and this diffusion gap J2 communicates with the ventilation gap J1. By providing the third portion 28 on the bushing 2 and defining a diffusion gap J2 between the third portion 28 and the main structure 1, and making the diffusion gap J2 communicate with the ventilation gap J1, the protective gas flow introduced from the protective gas inlet channel 16 can be facilitated to flow evenly from around the surface to be welded, helping the protective gas to quickly occupy the surface to be welded and isolate the air.

[0084] In some other embodiments, the bushing 2 may also omit the third part 28.

[0085] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 The third part 28 is a conical structure, and the inner circumferential surface of the main structure 1 includes a conical surface, which defines the diffusion gap J2 between the conical surface and the conical structure. The end of the conical surface with a larger diameter is closer to the laser inlet 111. In some examples, the end of the third part 28 that connects to the first part 24 and the second part 25 can be either the end with a larger diameter or the end with a smaller diameter. By setting the inner circumferential surface of the main structure 1 to include a conical surface and the third part 28 to be a conical structure, the protective gas diffused from the diffusion gap J2 can flow obliquely towards the surface to be welded, facilitating rapid diffusion of the protective gas within the space enclosed by the first channel 26, isolating air, and preventing direct blowing onto the weld seam, thus avoiding affecting the welding effect. By setting the inner circumferential surface of the main structure 1 to include a conical surface, it is also easier to match the size of the end of the main structure 1 near the laser outlet 112 with the surface of the workpiece to be welded, which helps to press the surface to be welded and improve the welding quality.

[0086] In some embodiments, the distance between the end of the conical surface of the main structure 1 near the laser outlet 112 and the end of the third part 28 near the laser outlet 112 can be greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm. For example, it can be 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, or 8 mm, etc. By setting a certain distance between the two ends, it is convenient for the protective gas to flow from the ventilation gap J1 into the space enclosed by the first channel 26, thereby isolating the air and protecting the weld.

[0087] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The wall thickness of the conical surface of the main structure 1, near the laser exit 112, can be greater than or equal to 2.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.5 mm. Examples include 2.5 mm, 3 mm, or 3.5 mm. By setting the wall thickness to be greater than or equal to 2.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.5 mm, it can be ensured that the fixture will not be damaged when it comes into contact with the surface to be welded under certain pressure, and it can also prevent the fixture from forming indentations on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0088] Some embodiments of this application also provide a laser welding apparatus, which includes the tooling described above.

[0089] In some embodiments, the laser welding equipment may further include a laser emitter, a slag removal assembly, a gas supply assembly, and a drive assembly. The laser emitter is positioned above the tooling and emits a laser beam so that it passes through the welding channel 11 and irradiates the surface of the workpiece to be welded, thus achieving welding. The slag removal assembly includes a dust collector and a first pipe. One end of the first pipe is connected to the dust collector, and the other end is connected to the first slag removal channel 15. The slag removal assembly can be used to remove waste gas and welding slag generated during the welding process. The dust collector can be a bag filter, a cartridge filter, etc. The gas supply assembly includes a protective gas source, a booster pump, and a second pipe. The inlet of the booster pump is connected to the protective gas source, and the outlet of the booster pump is connected to the protective gas inlet channel 16 via the second pipe. The gas supply assembly can be used to input protective gas at a certain pressure into the protective gas inlet channel 16. The drive assembly includes a cylinder and multiple telescopic rods. The telescopic rods are connected to the connecting through hole T so that the tooling can slide on the telescopic rods. The output shaft of the cylinder is connected to the tooling and is used to drive the tooling to move closer to or away from the workpiece so that the end of the tooling near the laser exit 112 abuts against or is lifted away from the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0090] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fixture for laser welding, characterized in that the fixture... include: The main structure (1) is provided with a welding channel (11), which includes a laser inlet (111) and a laser outlet (112). Bushing (2), the bushing (2) is disposed in the welding channel (11), the bushing (2) extends circumferentially along the welding channel (11); The bushing (2) includes a body (21) and a snap-fit ​​protrusion (22) provided on the body (21). The main structure (1) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove (12) and a mounting groove (13). The snap-fit ​​groove (12) is recessed from the inner circumferential surface of the main structure (1) along the radial direction of the welding channel (11). The mounting groove (13) is recessed from the end face where the laser inlet (111) is located to the snap-fit ​​groove (12) and extends radially along the welding channel (11) to the inner circumferential surface of the welding channel (11). The snap-fit ​​groove (12) includes a first groove (121) and a second groove (122) arranged circumferentially along the welding channel (12). The first groove (121) is located on the side of the mounting groove (13) near the laser outlet (112), and the snap-fit ​​protrusion (22) snaps into the second groove (122).

2. The tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main structure (1) is also provided with a first positioning hole (14), and the bushing (2) is also provided with a second positioning hole (23). The first positioning hole (14) and the second positioning hole (13) both extend radially along the welding channel (11), and the first positioning hole (14) and the second positioning hole (23) are aligned.

3. The tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the welding channel (11), the inner wall surface of the mounting groove (13) away from the second groove (122) is coplanar with the inner wall surface of the first groove (121) away from the second groove (122).

4. The tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the snap-fit ​​protrusions (22) and the snap-fit ​​grooves (12) are both multiple. The multiple snap-fit ​​protrusions (22) and the multiple snap-fit ​​grooves (12) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the welding channel (11). One snap-fit ​​protrusion (22) is snapped into one snap-fit ​​groove (12).

5. The tooling according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The main structure (1) also includes a first slag discharge channel (15) and a protective gas inlet channel (16). The bushing (2) includes a first part (24) and a second part (25), which are arranged circumferentially along the welding channel (11) and form a first channel (26). The first part (24) defines a ventilation gap (J1) between itself and the main structure (1). The protective gas inlet channel (16) is connected to the ventilation gap (J1). The second part (25) is in contact with the main structure (1). The second part (25) is provided with a second slag discharge channel (27). One end of the second slag discharge channel (27) is connected to the first channel (26), and the other end of the second slag discharge channel (27) is connected to the first slag discharge channel (15).

6. The tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first part (24) includes a first sub-part (241) and a second sub-part (242) along the axial direction of the welding channel (11). The first sub-part (241) is connected to the second sub-part (242) on the side near the laser inlet (111). The first sub-part (241) contacts the main structure (1). The second sub-part (242) and the main structure (1) define the ventilation gap (J1).

7. The tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, Along the circumference of the welding channel (11), the size of the ventilation gap (J1) is larger than the size of the second part (25).

8. The tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bushing (2) further includes a third part (28) that extends circumferentially around the welding channel (11) and along the axial direction of the welding channel (11), wherein the first part (24) and the second part (25) are both connected to the side of the third part (28) near the laser inlet (111); The third part (28) defines a diffusion gap (J2) between itself and the main structure (1), and the diffusion gap (J2) communicates with the ventilation gap (J1).

9. The tooling according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third part (28) is a conical structure; The inner circumferential surface of the main structure (1) includes a conical surface, and the diffusion gap (J2) is defined between the conical surface and the conical structure.

10. A laser welding device, characterized in that, The tooling includes any one of claims 1-9.

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