A quick positioning and locking device for welding fixture

Abstract

The application discloses a welding clamp quick positioning and locking device, which comprises a base unit and a clamp unit, a coaxial positioning taper hole and a mounting hole are formed in the base unit, the mounting hole is located above the positioning taper hole, and a driving mechanism is arranged in the mounting hole; the clamp unit comprises a clamp mounting plate and a connecting column fixed to the bottom of the clamp mounting plate; through cooperation of the driving mechanism and a locking execution mechanism, the clamp can be quickly locked and released through a rotating screw rod, and the die changing time is greatly shortened; taper surface cooperation is adopted to realize center positioning, and the repeated positioning precision is high; an axial driving force is converted into radial locking force through a multi-stage inclined wedge mechanism, mechanical interlocking of a locking head and a locking hole is utilized, the locking rigidity is high, and the anti-vibration performance is good; the driving mechanism is built in the base, the overall structure is compact, an external power source is not needed in a manual driving mode, and the applicability is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding tooling technology, specifically a quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures. Background Technology

[0002] In the welding production of automotive body-in-white and other components, modular welding fixtures are commonly used to accommodate mixed-model production. Currently, the connection between the fixture module and the base platform mostly uses direct bolt fastening or simple pin positioning. Bolted connections result in long mold changeover times, high labor intensity, and reduced production cycle time; while simple pin positioning suffers from insufficient rigidity and unreliable locking, which may cause fixture wobbling during welding robot operation, affecting welding accuracy. Therefore, a rapid positioning and locking device for welding fixtures is needed to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to overcome the existing defects and provide a quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures, comprising a base unit and a fixture unit, wherein the base unit is provided with a coaxial positioning cone hole and a mounting hole, the mounting hole is located above the positioning cone hole, a positioning block is provided inside the positioning cone hole, and a driving mechanism is provided inside the mounting hole;

[0005] The clamping unit includes a clamping mounting plate and a connecting column fixed to its bottom. The lower end of the connecting column is provided with a positioning cone surface that mates with the positioning cone hole, and a locking actuator is provided inside.

[0006] The output end of the drive mechanism cooperates with the locking actuator. When the connecting post is inserted into the mounting hole and the drive mechanism is activated, it can drive the locking actuator to generate radial locking motion, thereby locking the clamp unit to the base unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a horizontally arranged driving screw, which is threadedly engaged with the base unit, and the end of the driving screw is provided with a driving wedge for driving the displacement of the locking actuator.

[0008] Furthermore, the tail end of the drive screw is provided with a handwheel or a hexagonal drive head.

[0009] Furthermore, the locking actuator includes:

[0010] A lifting wedge assembly includes a lower wedge, a guide rod fixedly mounted on the lower wedge, and an upper wedge fixed to the top of the guide rod; the lifting wedge assembly is connected to the drive mechanism.

[0011] The locking assembly includes a horizontal wedge that engages with the inclined surface of the upper wedge, a connecting rod fixedly connected to the horizontal wedge, and a locking head fixed to the end of the connecting rod; when the driving mechanism drives the lifting wedge assembly to move axially upward, the inclined surface of the upper wedge drives the horizontal wedge and the locking head to move radially outward.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a locking hole for the locking head to be inserted, and the number of guide rods is two or more, symmetrically arranged on the lower inclined wedge.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking assembly also includes a spring sleeved on the connecting rod, which provides a preload force to return the locking head to its inward position.

[0014] Furthermore, the end shape of the locking head is spherical, conical, or cylindrical, and the locking hole is a recessed hole or blind hole adapted to it.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies: This application achieves rapid locking and unlocking of the fixture by rotating the screw through the cooperation of the drive mechanism and the locking actuator, greatly shortening the mold change time; the conical surface fit is used to achieve center positioning, resulting in high repeatability; the axial driving force is converted into radial locking force through a multi-stage wedge mechanism, and the mechanical interlock between the locking head and the locking hole provides strong locking rigidity and good vibration resistance; the drive mechanism is built into the base, resulting in a compact overall structure, and the manual drive mode does not require an external power source, making it widely applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the base unit in this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the connecting column in this application.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Base unit; 11. Positioning cone hole; 12. Mounting hole; 13. Locking hole; 2. Fixture unit; 21. Fixture mounting plate; 22. Connecting column; 221. Positioning cone surface; 3. Lifting wedge assembly; 31. Lower wedge; 32. Guide rod; 33. Upper wedge; 4. Locking assembly; 41. Horizontal wedge; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Spring; 44. Locking head; 5. Drive screw; 51. Drive wedge; 52. Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application (for ease of description and understanding, hereinafter referred to as...), Figure 2 (The above is described above). All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-2 This application provides a technical solution for a quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures: a quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures, which consists of two parts: a base unit 1 and a fixture unit 2.

[0025] The base unit 1 is fixedly mounted on the base plate of the welding production line by bolts. The base unit 1 is machined with coaxial positioning tapered holes 11 and mounting holes 12.

[0026] The positioning cone hole 11 has a cone-shaped structure that automatically guides the center. When the clamping unit 2 falls, even with slight deviations, the cone surface can guide the connecting post 22 to the precise center position through sliding contact, ensuring extremely high repeatability.

[0027] A positioning block is provided inside the positioning cone hole 11, and a positioning groove is provided on the positioning cone surface 221 of the connecting column 22 at the position corresponding to the positioning block, thereby preventing the connecting column 22 from rotating axially during positioning.

[0028] Mounting hole 12 serves as the working chamber of the locking mechanism, enclosing the complex driving and locking actions. It has a compact structure and good protection.

[0029] The inner wall of the mounting hole 12 has four locking holes 13 for the locking head 44 to be inserted. This ensures a more stable locking mechanism. A drive mechanism is installed horizontally inside the base unit 1.

[0030] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a horizontally arranged drive screw 5, which is threadedly engaged with the base unit 1. The end of the drive screw 5 is provided with a drive wedge 51 that drives the displacement of the locking actuator. The drive wedge 51 cooperates with the lower wedge 31 in the lifting wedge group 3. The base unit 1 is provided with a groove to accommodate the drive wedge 51, and the connecting column 22 is provided with a groove to facilitate the movement of the drive wedge 51.

[0031] Furthermore, a handwheel 52 or a hexagonal drive head is provided at the top of the drive screw 5.

[0032] Screw drives have a powerful force-multiplying effect, capable of outputting enormous axial thrust with relatively small rotational torque. Furthermore, most threads (such as trapezoidal threads) are self-locking, meaning that once locked, they will not automatically release unless there is a reverse torque input, ensuring safety and reliability.

[0033] By placing the drive mechanism on the side, a complex mechanism is avoided by arranging it directly below the fixture. This makes the top surface of the base flat, which is convenient for cleaning and chip removal, and also makes it easier for the operator to operate from the side.

[0034] The inner end of the drive screw 5 is in contact with or connected to the lower wedge 31 of the lifting wedge assembly 3, and the outer end is equipped with a handwheel 52.

[0035] The clamp unit 2 is fixedly connected to a dedicated welding clamp (not shown in the figure) by bolts. The lower end of the connecting column 22 at its bottom is machined with a positioning conical surface 221. The connecting column 22 houses the locking actuator. This mechanism consists of a lifting wedge assembly 3 and a locking assembly 4.

[0036] The lifting wedge assembly 3 includes a lower wedge 31, a guide rod 32 fixedly installed on the lower wedge 31, and an upper wedge 33 fixed to the top of the guide rod 32; the lifting wedge assembly 3 is connected to the drive mechanism.

[0037] The lower inclined wedge 31, as the direct bearer of the driving force, transmits the axial thrust of the drive screw 5 to the entire assembly.

[0038] Furthermore, the number of guide rods 32 is two or more, symmetrically arranged on the lower wedge 31.

[0039] There are two guide rods 32. The primary function of the guide rods 32 is to provide precise guidance, ensuring that the entire lifting wedge assembly 3 moves axially without any risk of deflection or jamming. Secondly, they form a robust force flow frame, stably transmitting the thrust of the lower wedge 31 to the upper wedge 33, ensuring efficient force transmission and high system rigidity.

[0040] The core function of the upper inclined wedge 33 is to perform the first motion direction conversion, converting the vertical axial motion into a horizontal radial motion preparatory state.

[0041] The locking assembly 4 includes a horizontal wedge 41 that engages with the inclined surface of the upper wedge 33, a connecting rod 42 that is fixedly connected to the horizontal wedge 41, and a locking head 44 fixed to the end of the connecting rod 42. When the driving mechanism drives the lifting wedge assembly 3 to move upward axially, the inclined surface of the upper wedge 33 drives the horizontal wedge 41 and the locking head 44 to move radially outward.

[0042] The inclined surfaces of the horizontal wedge 41 and the upper wedge 33 form the first-stage inclined surface pair. This design efficiently converts the vertical thrust of the upper wedge 33 into a horizontal component that drives the locking head 44.

[0043] The connecting rod 42 is used to connect the horizontal wedge 41 and the locking head 44 to ensure that the two move synchronously.

[0044] Furthermore, the locking assembly 4 also includes a spring 43 sleeved on the connecting rod 42, which provides a preload force to return the locking head 44 inward.

[0045] Spring 43 is key to achieving automatic reset. During the release process, when the driving force is removed, the preload of spring 43 will immediately pull the locking head 44 inward to retract, ensuring that it can quickly and reliably disengage from the locking hole 13, avoiding the "jamming" phenomenon caused by oil or residual friction, and ensuring the smoothness of quick replacement.

[0046] Furthermore, the end shape of the locking head 44 is spherical, conical, or cylindrical, and the locking hole 13 is a recessed hole or blind hole that is adapted to it.

[0047] The end of the locking head 44 is preferably spherical, and the locking hole 13 is a matching spherical concave hole. This fit is a form interlock, which has extremely strong resistance to vibration and impact compared to simple friction locking. The fit between the spherical surface and the spherical hole allows for slight angular tolerances during insertion and disengagement, making the operation smoother, while also resulting in a more uniform distribution of contact stress and less wear.

[0048] In use: The operator places the connecting post 22 of the clamp unit 2 into the mounting hole 12 of the base unit 1. By relying on the cooperation between the positioning cone surface 221 and the positioning cone hole 11, and the positioning groove on the positioning cone surface 221 and the positioning block on the positioning cone hole 11, automatic centering and precise positioning are achieved.

[0049] Then, turn the handwheel 51 clockwise to drive the screw 5 inward, which in turn pushes up the lower wedge 31. The thrust is transmitted through the guide rod 32, pushing the upper wedge 33 upward. The inclined surface of the upper wedge 33 interacts with the horizontal wedge 41, completing the change of the direction of movement, forcing the two horizontal wedges 41 to move in opposite directions, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 43, and pushing the locking head 44 outward, finally embedding it into the locking hole 13, thus achieving rigid mechanical interlocking.

[0050] During disassembly, turn the handwheel 51 counterclockwise to drive the screw 5 to retract. The lifting wedge group 3 will descend due to loss of support, and the locking head 44 will quickly retract under the restoring force of the spring 43, thus lifting it away from the clamp unit 2.

[0051] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quick positioning and locking device for a welding fixture, comprising a base unit (1) and a fixture unit (2), characterized in that: The base unit (1) is provided with a coaxial positioning cone hole (11) and a mounting hole (12). The mounting hole (12) is located above the positioning cone hole (11). A positioning block is provided inside the positioning cone hole (11), and a driving mechanism is provided inside the mounting hole (12). The clamp unit (2) includes a clamp mounting plate (21) and a connecting column (22) fixed to its bottom. The lower end of the connecting column (22) is provided with a positioning cone surface (221) that cooperates with the positioning cone hole (11), and a locking actuator is provided inside. The output end of the drive mechanism cooperates with the locking actuator. When the connecting post (22) is inserted into the mounting hole (12) and the drive mechanism is activated, it can drive the locking actuator to generate radial locking motion, so that the clamp unit (2) is locked to the base unit (1).

2. The quick positioning and locking device for a welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a horizontally arranged driving screw (5), which is threadedly engaged with the base unit (1), and the end of the driving screw (5) is provided with a driving wedge (51) for driving the displacement of the locking actuator.

3. The quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tail end of the drive screw (5) is provided with a handwheel (52) or a hexagonal drive head.

4. The quick positioning and locking device for welding fixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking actuator includes: The lifting wedge assembly (3) includes a lower wedge (31), a guide rod (32) fixedly installed on the lower wedge (31), and an upper wedge (33) fixed to the top of the guide rod (32); the lifting wedge assembly (3) is connected to the drive mechanism; The locking assembly (4) includes a horizontal wedge (41) that engages with the inclined surface of the upper wedge (33), a connecting rod (42) that is fixedly connected to the horizontal wedge (41), and a locking head (44) fixed to the end of the connecting rod (42). When the driving mechanism drives the lifting wedge assembly (3) to move axially upward, the inclined surface of the upper wedge (33) drives the horizontal wedge (41) and the locking head (44) to move radially outward.

5. The quick positioning and locking device for a welding fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mounting hole (12) is provided with a locking hole (13) for the locking head (44) to be inserted. The number of guide rods (32) is two or more, and they are symmetrically arranged on the lower wedge (31).

6. The quick positioning and locking device for a welding fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking assembly (4) also includes a spring (43) sleeved on the connecting rod (42), which provides a preload force to return the locking head (44) to its inward position.

7. The quick positioning and locking device for a welding fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end shape of the locking head (44) is spherical, conical or cylindrical, and the locking hole (13) is a concave hole or blind hole that is adapted to it.

Images