Numerically controlled machine tool roll tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a numerical control machine tool rolling cutter belongs to metal processing cutter technical field. It aims at solving the problem of the existing rolling cutter resistance, surface is easy to scratch, bearing precision is easy to be damaged, need grinding process cost high. The cutter includes the cutter body, the mandrel, the bearing, the ball, the adjusting gasket, the snap spring, the oil injection hole and the baffle ring, the mandrel is located in the cutter body, the bearing sleeve sets the mandrel, the ball is located in the ball mounting position of cutter body and is contacted with the machined surface, and the oil injection hole communicates the ball mounting position. When working, the ball and the machined surface form the point to the surface contact, and the oil injection hole injects the lubricating oil and forms the oil film, and the mandrel thickening and the high-precision bearing solve the radial resistance, and the surface metal organization densification is made to the rolling pressure, and the finish and the hardness are promoted. The utility model does not need the grinding process, reduces the cost, and is suitable for the surface rolling processing of numerical control machine tool metal workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal processing cutting tools, specifically to a rolling tool for CNC machine tools, which is particularly suitable for rolling the surface of metal workpieces after turning on CNC machine tools to improve the surface finish and hardness of the workpieces and replace some grinding processes. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal processing, CNC machine tools are widely used in workpiece turning due to their advantages of high precision and high efficiency. However, the surface of the turned workpiece often has obvious tool marks, and the surface finish and surface hardness are difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision machining directly. Therefore, subsequent processing steps are required to optimize the surface quality.

[0003] In existing technologies, the roller burnishing treatment of CNC machine tool turned surfaces mostly employs "bearing surface contact" roller burnishing tools. The main structure includes a tool body, bearing, mandrel, and retaining ring. The cylindrical surface of the bearing makes face-to-face contact with the machined surface, utilizing the roller burnishing action to smooth the turned surface. However, this type of roller burnishing tool has the following significant drawbacks:

[0004] Excessive resistance and surface scratches: The bearing surface and the machined surface are in face-to-face contact. During the rolling process, huge radial and axial resistance are generated, which causes the tool and the machined surface to form a rigid friction surface, which is easy to scratch the rolled surface and may even cause regular vibration marks or bending deformation of the workpiece.

[0005] Bearing precision is easily damaged: This type of tool has no lubrication structure, and the bearing lacks lubrication during high-speed operation. After long-term use, the key precision indicators such as the concentricity and runout of the bearing will drop significantly, directly affecting the rolling effect.

[0006] Unable to achieve micro-feed: The rigid contact between the bearing surface and the machined surface does not provide the adjustment conditions for micro-feed, making it difficult to adapt to the fine rolling requirements of high-precision surfaces.

[0007] High process cost: Since the surface quality after rolling still cannot meet the requirements, an additional grinding process is required, which not only extends the processing cycle but also significantly increases the process cost.

[0008] To solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a CNC machine tool rolling tool with optimized structure, reliable lubrication, and the ability to effectively improve surface quality and reduce process costs. Utility Model Content

[0009] To address the problems of high radial / axial resistance, easy surface scratching, easy damage to bearing precision, and high cost of grinding processes in existing CNC machine tool rolling cutters, this utility model provides a CNC machine tool rolling cutter that improves the surface finish and hardness of the machined surface, protects bearing precision, and reduces machining processes by optimizing the contact form and structural design.

[0010] The CNC machine tool rolling cutter of this utility model includes a cutter body, a mandrel, a bearing, a ball bearing, an adjusting shim, a retaining ring, an oil injection hole, and a retaining ring.

[0011] The cutter body is an integral support structure with an internal channel for mounting the mandrel. It has a ball bearing mounting position at the front end, an oil injection hole on the side, and a retaining ring at the rear for securing internal components. The mandrel is assembled in the internal channel of the cutter body, providing mounting support for the bearing. The bearing is sleeved on the mandrel to reduce friction during rotation and ensure stability during the rolling process. The ball bearings are installed in the ball bearing mounting positions on the cutter body, partially extending out to contact the workpiece surface for rolling. Adjusting shims are sleeved on the mandrel and located on both axial sides of the bearing to adjust its axial position and ensure flexible bearing rotation. Snap rings are installed at both ends of the mandrel, confining the mandrel, bearing, and adjusting shims within the cutter body to prevent axial movement of the components. One end of the oil injection hole penetrates the outer wall of the cutter body, and the other end connects to the ball bearing mounting position for injecting lubricating oil.

[0012] Assembly process: First, insert the mandrel into the internal channel of the cutter body, ensuring that the mandrel and the cutter body are coaxial; then, install the bearing on the mandrel and adjust the axial clearance of the bearing by adjusting the shims to ensure that the bearing rotates without jamming; install retaining rings at both ends of the mandrel to fix the position of the mandrel and the bearing; install high-frequency quenched and mirror-finished steel balls as ball bearings into the ball bearing mounting position at the front end of the cutter body, ensuring that the ball bearings can rotate flexibly and partially protrude from the mounting position; finally, install the retaining ring at the tail of the cutter body to complete the overall assembly.

[0013] Roller burnishing process: The cutting tool is mounted on a CNC machine tool, which drives the tool to move to the turning surface of the workpiece, bringing the balls into contact with the surface. The CNC machine tool is started, and the tool moves at a constant speed along the working surface. The balls rotate synchronously under the friction of the working surface, creating a roller burnishing effect on the turning surface. During this process, high-grade lubricating oil is injected into the ball mounting position through the oil injection hole. The lubricating oil flows between the balls and the working surface, forming a uniform oil film. Simultaneously, some lubricating oil penetrates to the bearing, lubricating it. Due to the contact between the balls and the working surface... The surface has a "point-to-surface" contact, which greatly disperses the axial force and avoids excessive axial resistance. The mandrel adopts a thickened design and is equipped with high-precision bearings, which enhances the mandrel's resistance to radial force and effectively prevents vibration marks or workpiece deformation during the rolling process. The high-frequency quenched mirror surface of the balls has high smoothness, and with the lubrication of the oil film, it completely avoids scratches on the machined surface. At the same time, the high-speed rolling of the balls on the turned surface causes plastic deformation and densification of the surface metal structure, which significantly improves the surface finish and surface hardness, and ultimately meets the technical requirements without the need for subsequent grinding processes.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] To avoid workpiece deformation and vibration marks: the ball bearings are used in a point-to-surface contact manner with the machined surface, combined with a thickened mandrel and high-precision bearings, which effectively reduces radial and axial resistance, avoids bending deformation or regular vibration marks on the workpiece during the rolling process, and improves machining accuracy.

[0016] Significantly improves surface quality: The balls are treated with high-frequency quenching and mirror finish, and lubricating oil is injected into the oil injection hole to form an oil film, which reduces friction and scratches. At the same time, the surface metal structure is densified by rolling, and the surface smoothness and hardness are significantly improved to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0017] Protect bearing precision: The lubricating oil injected into the oil injection hole can simultaneously lubricate the bearing, preventing a decrease in precision due to lack of lubrication when the bearing is running at high speed, and extending the tool life;

[0018] Reduce process costs: The surface quality after rolling can meet the standard without subsequent grinding, shortening the processing cycle, reducing investment in grinding equipment and consumption of consumables, and significantly reducing process costs;

[0019] Adaptable to micro-feed: The point contact form of the ball and the axial adjustment function of the adjusting shim enable the tool to have micro-feed adjustment space, which can meet the needs of fine rolling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Blade body; 2. Spindle; 3. Bearing; 4. Ball bearing; 5. Adjusting shim; 6. Snap ring; 7. Oil injection hole; 8. Retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] like Figure 1-4 As shown;

[0029] CNC machine tool rolling cutter.

[0030] In this implementation plan: In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as the "excessive resistance and surface scratch problem" disclosed in the background art above: the bearing surface and the machined surface are in face-to-face contact. During the rolling process, huge radial resistance and axial resistance are generated, which causes the tool and the machined surface to form a rigid friction surface, which easily scratches the rolled surface and even causes regular vibration marks or bending deformation of the workpiece.

[0031] Bearing precision is easily damaged: This type of tool has no lubrication structure, and the bearing lacks lubrication during high-speed operation. After long-term use, the key precision indicators such as the concentricity and runout of the bearing will drop significantly, directly affecting the rolling effect.

[0032] Unable to achieve micro-feed: The rigid contact between the bearing surface and the machined surface does not provide the adjustment conditions for micro-feed, making it difficult to adapt to the fine rolling requirements of high-precision surfaces.

[0033] High process cost: Since the surface quality after rolling still cannot meet the requirements, an additional grinding process is required, which not only extends the processing cycle but also significantly increases the process cost. In terms of practical use, this problem is obviously real and difficult to solve. Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, a CNC machine tool rolling tool is provided.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1-4 As shown in the figure;

[0036] Structure preparation and selection

[0037] The cutter body 1 is made of 45 steel. An installation channel with a diameter that matches the spindle 2 is machined inside. A ball bearing mounting position (with a diameter slightly larger than that of the ball bearing 4 to ensure that the ball bearing 4 can rotate flexibly) is machined at the front end. An oil injection hole 7 with a diameter of 5mm is drilled on the side. An annular groove for installing the retaining ring 8 is machined at the tail end.

[0038] The spindle 2 is designed with a thicker thickness, is made of 40Cr material, has a diameter of 20mm, and its length is adapted to the internal channel of the cutter body 1. The surface is heat-treated to improve its strength.

[0039] Bearing 3 is a high-precision deep groove ball bearing (model 6205), with an inner diameter that matches that of spindle 2;

[0040] The ball bearing 4 is made of GCr15 steel ball with a diameter of 8mm, which is subjected to high frequency quenching (hardness HRC60-62) and then mirror polishing.

[0041] The adjusting shim 5 is made of brass with a thickness of 0.1-0.5mm. The appropriate thickness is selected according to the axial clearance of the bearing 3.

[0042] The snap ring 6 is a standard shaft elastic retaining ring, and its inner diameter is compatible with the spindle 2.

[0043] The retaining ring 8 is made of Q235 steel and is connected to the tail of the cutter body 1 by bolts.

[0044] Assembly steps

[0045] Step 1: Slowly insert the mandrel 2 into the internal channel of the cutter body 1, and use a dial indicator to calibrate the coaxiality between the mandrel 2 and the cutter body 1 to ensure that the coaxiality error is ≤0.01mm;

[0046] Step 2: Install bearing 3 at the bearing mounting position of spindle 2. Place an adjusting shim 5 with a thickness of 0.3mm on the left and right sides of bearing 3 respectively. Rotate bearing 3 by hand to ensure that the rotation is flexible and without jamming.

[0047] Step 3: Install snap rings 6 on the left and right ends of the mandrel 2 respectively. The snap rings 6 are embedded in the annular groove of the mandrel 2, which confines the mandrel 2, bearing 3, and adjusting shim 5 within the cutter body 1 to prevent axial movement.

[0048] Step 4: Insert ball bearing 4 into the ball bearing mounting position at the front end of the cutter body 1, ensuring that ball bearing 4 extends out of the mounting position (extending height is 2mm) and rotates without jamming;

[0049] Step 5: Fix the retaining ring 8 into the annular groove at the tail of the cutter body 1 using M4 bolts to complete the overall assembly.

[0050] Usage process

[0051] The assembled rolling tool is mounted on the turret of the CNC lathe (model CK6140) via the tool holder, and the coaxiality between the tool and the spindle is corrected.

[0052] Start the CNC machine tool, clamp the workpiece (a No. 45 steel shaft with a diameter of 50mm after turning) on ​​the spindle chuck, and set the spindle speed to 1000r / min;

[0053] The CNC machine tool's feed system drives the rolling cutter to move to the surface of the workpiece, so that the ball 4 contacts the surface of the workpiece. The feed rate is set to 0.1 mm / r.

[0054] High-grade lubricating oil (model L-AN46) is injected through the oil injection hole 7. The lubricating oil flows into the ball mounting position along the oil injection hole 7, forming an oil film between the ball 4 and the machined surface.

[0055] Start the spindle and feed system, the burnishing tool moves along the axis of the workpiece, and the ball 4 rotates under the friction of the workpiece surface to achieve burnishing.

[0056] After the rolling process is completed, the CNC machine tool is turned off, the workpiece is removed, and the surface finish is tested to be Ra0.2μm. The surface hardness is 20%-30% higher than that after turning, and the technical requirements can be met without subsequent grinding.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool rolling cutter, characterized in that, It includes a cutter body (1), a spindle (2), a bearing (3), a ball bearing (4), and an oil injection hole (7); the spindle (2) is located inside the cutter body (1), the bearing (3) is sleeved on the spindle (2), the cutter body (1) is provided with a ball bearing mounting position, the ball bearing (4) is located in the ball bearing mounting position and partially extends out of the ball bearing mounting position to contact the surface of the workpiece, the oil injection hole (7) is located on the cutter body (1), and one end of the oil injection hole (7) is connected to the outside and the other end is connected to the ball bearing mounting position.

2. The CNC machine tool rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes adjusting shims (5), which are sleeved on the spindle (2) and located on both sides of the bearing (3) axially.

3. The CNC machine tool rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes snap rings (6), which are located at both ends of the spindle (2) to confine the spindle (2) and bearing (3) within the cutter body (1).

4. The CNC machine tool rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball (4) is a high-frequency quenched mirror-finished steel ball.

5. The CNC machine tool rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mandrel (2) has a thickened structure.

6. The CNC machine tool rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a retaining ring (8), which is located at the tail of the blade body (1) to fix the internal components of the blade body (1).

7. The CNC machine tool rolling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing (3) is a high-precision deep groove ball bearing.

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