Blind hole positioning fixture for machining center
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522050943.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-24
AI Technical Summary
该种加工方式能够满足阀套、阀体类盲孔零件加工，但是每加工一件零件均需拆装一次工装，并且每次均需对工装进行校正，严重影响生产效率以及同种零件质量的一致性
[0015]先将夹具装夹在加工中心机床加工平台上，调正夹具；再将零件孔套在整套外圆上(此时整套被弹性圈合拢)。通过转动驱动件，使得驱动件移动，驱动块的第二斜面与圆柱轴底部的第一斜面进行相对滑动，使得驱动轴沿轴向孔轴向伸出，同时锥形轴的外锥面与对半套内的锥形孔进行相对滑动，驱动对半套涨开，实现对零件孔的涨紧夹持。当需要卸下零件时，调节驱动件回退，用棒材通过径向孔敲击驱动块的小端，使得驱动块回退；当驱动件与驱动块转动连接时，驱动件回退会直接带动驱动块回退。驱动块的回退，对半套在弹性圈的作用下缩回，从而实现零件的松开卸下。
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Figure CN224914170U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical processing and manufacturing technology, and in particular relates to a blind hole positioning fixture for machining centers. Background Technology
[0002] For blind hole parts such as valve sleeves and valve bodies, the outer diameter, end face, and the hole at the other end have very high dimensional and positional accuracy requirements relative to the reference hole during design. During machining, this can only be achieved by turning the workpiece around. If the hole size is large, machining can be performed using a chuck clamping method; however, if the hole size is small or the part is small, turning the workpiece around becomes a challenge. Currently, the best machining method for this type of product is to assemble the workpiece with the internal support fixture under the machine tool, and then assemble them as a single unit onto the machine tool. This machining method can meet the machining requirements for blind hole parts such as valve sleeves and valve bodies, but the tooling needs to be disassembled and reassembled for each part, and the tooling needs to be corrected each time, which seriously affects production efficiency and the consistency of the quality of the same type of parts. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a blind hole positioning fixture for machining centers, which enables quick-change internal hole positioning machining of blind hole parts, thereby improving production efficiency and enhancing the consistency of quality of the same type of parts.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center, comprising a base, a positioning element, a drive shaft, a drive block, and a drive component. The base has an axial hole and a radial hole. The lower side of the axial hole communicates with the radial hole, forming a ⊥-shaped hole. One side of the radial hole has an enlarged hole, and the drive component is installed in the enlarged hole. The positioning element consists of two sets of half-sets, which can be combined to form a complete set. The complete set has an elastic ring around its circumference. The interior of the complete set has a tapered hole that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The upper side of the drive shaft is a tapered shaft that matches the tapered hole, and the lower side is a cylindrical shaft that matches the axial hole. The diameter of the large diameter end of the tapered shaft is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical shaft, and the tapered shaft and the cylindrical shaft are coaxial. The bottom surface of the cylindrical shaft is a first inclined surface. The drive block can slide within the radial hole, and the drive component is used to drive the drive block to slide within the radial hole. One side of the upper side of the drive block is a second inclined surface, which cooperates with the first inclined surface.
[0005] Furthermore, the entire assembly has a stepped surface on its exterior, which is used to fit against the end face of the part.
[0006] Furthermore, the driving component is a threaded component, and the enlarged hole is provided with an internal thread that matches the threaded component.
[0007] Furthermore, the side of the radial hole away from the enlarged hole is used for passing a rod, which is used to push the drive block toward the drive member.
[0008] Furthermore, the end of the driving member is rotatably connected to the end of the driving block.
[0009] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the entire assembly is provided with an annular groove, and the elastic ring is installed in the annular groove.
[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the elastic ring is less than the depth of the annular groove.
[0011] Furthermore, the side of the drive block without the first inclined surface is slidably connected within the radial hole.
[0012] Furthermore, the slope of the first inclined plane is greater than the taper of the tapered shaft.
[0013] Furthermore, the surface Rockwell hardness of the drive block is ≥HRC40, and the roughness is ≥Ra0.4.
[0014] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows:
[0015] First, clamp the fixture onto the machining platform of the machining center and adjust the fixture. Then, place the part hole onto the outer diameter of the entire set (at this time, the entire set is closed by the elastic ring). By rotating the drive component, the drive component moves, and the second inclined surface of the drive block slides relative to the first inclined surface at the bottom of the cylindrical shaft, causing the drive shaft to extend axially along the axial hole. At the same time, the outer conical surface of the tapered shaft slides relative to the conical hole inside the half-set, driving the half-set to expand and achieve tension clamping of the part hole. When it is necessary to remove the part, adjust the drive component to retract, and use a bar to tap the small end of the drive block through the radial hole to make the drive block retract. When the drive component and the drive block are rotatably connected, the retraction of the drive component will directly drive the drive block to retract. The retraction of the drive block causes the half-set to retract under the action of the elastic ring, thereby achieving the release and removal of the part.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: The positioning fixture is highly practical and versatile, suitable for single-piece, small-batch, and large-batch machining center production, improving product quality consistency and stability; it offers quick-change capability for part clamping, enhancing batch production efficiency and solving the problem of blind hole positioning clamping in machining centers. This fixture is applicable to both blind hole positioning clamping and through hole positioning clamping, demonstrating wide applicability. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the center positioning component;
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the drive shaft structure;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the driving block. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:
[0022] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: base 1, positioning element 2, drive shaft 3, annular groove 4, drive block 5, drive element 6, radial hole 7, enlarged hole 8, stepped surface 9, tapered hole 10, second inclined surface 11, plane 12, tapered shaft 13, cylindrical shaft 14, first inclined surface 15, half-sleeve 16.
[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0024] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 As shown: A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center includes a base 1, a positioning element 2, a drive shaft 3, a drive block 5, and a drive element 6. The base 1 has an axial hole and a radial hole 7. The lower side of the axial hole communicates with the radial hole 7, forming a ⊥-shaped hole. An enlarged hole 8 is provided on one side of the radial hole 7, and the drive element 6 is installed in the enlarged hole 8.
[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the positioning component 2 consists of two sets of half-sets 16, which can be combined to form a complete set. The complete set has an elastic ring on its circumference; specifically, the outer circumference of the complete set has an annular groove 4, and the elastic ring is installed within the annular groove 4. The thickness of the elastic ring is less than the depth of the annular groove 4, ensuring that the elastic ring is completely contained within the annular groove 4 and does not protrude. The outer surface of the complete set has a stepped surface 9, which is used to fit against the end face of the part. The interior of the complete set has a tapered hole 10, which is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom.
[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the upper side of the drive shaft 3 is a tapered shaft 13 (smaller at the top and larger at the bottom) that matches the tapered hole 10, and the lower side is a cylindrical shaft 14 that matches the axial hole. The fit clearance between the cylindrical shaft 14 and the axial hole is within 0.015mm; the smaller the fit clearance, the higher the positioning accuracy. The diameter of the large diameter end of the tapered shaft 13 is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical shaft 14, and the tapered shaft 13 and the cylindrical shaft 14 are coaxial. The bottom surface of the cylindrical shaft 14 is a first inclined surface 15, and the slope of the first inclined surface 15 is greater than the taper of the tapered shaft 13. This facilitates the extension and retraction of the tapered shaft 13, enabling small-range adjustment of the drive block 5 and large-range extension and retraction of the tapered shaft 13.
[0027] Drive block 5 can slide within radial hole 7, such as Figure 4 As shown, one side of the upper part of the drive block 5 is provided as a second inclined surface 11, which cooperates with the first inclined surface 15. The side of the upper part of the drive block 5 without the first inclined surface 15 is a flat surface 12. The end of the drive block 5 without the second inclined surface 11 is slidably connected in the radial hole 7. The surface Rockwell hardness of the drive block 5 is ≥HRC40, and the roughness is ≥Ra0.4.
[0028] The driving component 6 is used to drive the driving block 5 to slide within the radial hole 7; the driving component 6 is a threaded component, and the enlarged hole 8 is provided with an internal thread that matches the threaded component. In one configuration, there is no connection between the driving component 6 and the driving block 5, and the side of the radial hole 7 away from the enlarged hole 8 is used to pass through a rod, which is used to push the driving block 5 toward the driving component 6; in another configuration, the end of the driving component 6 is rotatably connected to the end of the driving block 5.
[0029] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0030] First, clamp the fixture onto the machining platform of the machining center and adjust the fixture. Then, place the part hole onto the outer diameter of the entire set (at this time, the entire set is closed by the elastic ring). By rotating the drive component 6, the drive component 6 moves, and the second inclined surface 11 of the drive block 5 slides relative to the first inclined surface 15 at the bottom of the cylindrical shaft 14, causing the drive shaft 3 to extend axially along the axial hole. At the same time, the outer conical surface of the tapered shaft 13 slides relative to the tapered hole 10 inside the half-set 16, driving the two sets of half-sets 16 to expand, thereby tightening and clamping the part hole. When it is necessary to remove the part, rotate the drive component 6 to retract, and use a bar to strike the small end of the drive block 5 through the radial hole 7, causing the drive block 5 to retract. When the drive component 6 and the drive block 5 are rotatably connected, the retraction of the drive component 6 will directly drive the drive block 5 to retract. The retraction of the drive block 5 causes the half-set 16 to retract under the action of the elastic ring, thereby releasing and removing the part.
[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0032] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center, characterized in that: The system includes a base (1), a positioning component (2), a drive shaft (3), a drive block (5), and a drive component (6). The base (1) has an axial hole and a radial hole (7). The lower side of the axial hole communicates with the radial hole (7) and forms a ⊥-shaped hole. An enlarged hole (8) is provided on one side of the radial hole (7), and the drive component (6) is installed in the enlarged hole (8). The positioning component (2) consists of two sets of half-sleeves (16), which can be combined to form a complete set. The complete set has an elastic ring around its circumference. The interior of the complete set has a tapered hole (10) that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. The upper side of the drive shaft (3) is provided with a tapered hole (10) that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A tapered shaft (13) that matches the tapered hole (10) has a cylindrical shaft (14) on its lower side that matches the axial hole. The diameter of the large diameter end of the tapered shaft (13) is the same as the diameter of the cylindrical shaft (14), and the tapered shaft (13) and the cylindrical shaft (14) are coaxial. The bottom surface of the cylindrical shaft (14) is a first inclined surface (15). The driving block (5) can slide in the radial hole (7), and the driving member (6) is used to drive the driving block (5) to slide in the radial hole (7). One side of the upper side of the driving block (5) is a second inclined surface (11), and the second inclined surface (11) and the first inclined surface (15) cooperate.
2. The blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The entire set has a stepped surface (9) on its exterior, which is used to fit with the end face of the part.
3. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive component (6) is a threaded component, and the enlarged hole (8) is provided with an internal thread that matches the threaded component.
4. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial hole (7) on the side away from the enlarged hole (8) is used for passing a rod, which is used to push the drive block (5) toward the drive member (6).
5. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the driving member (6) is rotatably connected to the end of the driving block (5).
6. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the entire set is provided with an annular groove (4), and the elastic ring is installed in the annular groove (4).
7. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the elastic ring is less than the depth of the annular groove (4).
8. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the drive block (5) without the first inclined surface (15) is slidably connected in the radial hole (7).
9. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope of the first inclined plane (15) is greater than the taper of the tapered shaft (13).
10. A blind hole positioning fixture for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface Rockwell hardness of the drive block (5) is ≥HRC40, and the roughness is ≥Ra0.4.