A high-precision clamp for machining mechanical parts

Abstract

The utility model relates to the related field of fixture especially, a kind of fixture for high-precision mechanical fittings processing, including base, clamping seat, two-way screw rod, guide slot, fixed clamping plate, movable clamping plate and spring etc. The utility model is moved back and forth in guide slot by fixed clamping plate, to adjust the position of fixed clamping plate, so as to avoid the thin-walled position on fittings by fixed clamping plate, prevent the thin-walled position of fittings from being clamped deformation, reduce the possible damage of fittings due to fixture, and fixed clamping plate is provided with movable clamping plate with spring, movable clamping plate can be flexibly pre-contact and adaptively adhere to the special-shaped curved surface of fittings, increase the effective contact area of fixture and fittings, make clamping force distribution more uniform, to improve the stability and precision of fittings in processing process, it is favorable to improve the quality of the fittings after processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fixtures, and in particular to a fixture for machining high-precision mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] Fixtures for machining mechanical parts are devices used to position and clamp workpieces during machining. They are important auxiliary equipment in the machining process. The functions of fixtures include: precise positioning of the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece's position in the machine tool coordinate system is determined, thereby ensuring that the workpiece's machining dimensions and geometric tolerances meet the requirements; providing reliable clamping for the workpiece, resisting machining loads such as cutting forces and centrifugal forces, preventing workpiece displacement or vibration, effectively improving the stability of the workpiece during the machining process, and thus improving the quality of the machined workpiece.

[0003] Existing fixtures mostly use rigid, fixed clamping plates, which have the following problems: 1. Poor adaptability to thin-walled parts. The thin-walled parts may deform due to the clamping force of the clamping plates, which may even damage the workpiece; 2. Fixed clamping plates are difficult to adapt to parts of different shapes. The clamping plates cannot smoothly conform to the irregular curved surfaces of the parts, resulting in a small contact area between the clamping plates and the parts. This may lead to uneven force on the parts, affecting the stability and accuracy of the parts during processing, and thus affecting the quality of the processed parts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, this utility model provides a high-precision mechanical parts processing fixture to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-precision mechanical parts processing fixture, comprising a base, clamping seats, a bidirectional lead screw, a guide groove, a fixed clamping plate, a groove, a movable clamping plate, and a spring; two clamping seats are slidably installed inside the base, and the bidirectional lead screw is rotatably installed inside the base, with the left and right ends of the bidirectional lead screw respectively threaded to the bottom of the two clamping seats; a guide groove is provided on the left and right opposite surfaces of the two clamping seats, and two or more fixed clamping plates that can slide back and forth along the inner side of the guide groove are provided in the guide groove, with the fixed clamping plates protruding from the inner side of the guide groove; The outer end face of the fixed clamp is provided with a groove, and a movable clamp is movably inserted into the groove. The movable clamp is connected to the inner side of the groove by several springs, and the movable clamp protrudes from the inner side of the groove. The guide groove is equipped with a locking mechanism, which is used to provide movement limit for the fixed clamping plate.

[0006] Preferably, a buffer plate is provided on the outer end face of the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate, and the two buffer plates are flush with the side surfaces of the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the buffer sheet is made of either polyurethane or nylon.

[0008] Preferably, two springs are provided in the groove, with the two springs located at the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the groove, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a pressure plate movably installed in the guide groove and a screw rod movably passing through the outer end face of the clamping seat. The moving direction of the pressure plate is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fixed clamping plate. The screw rod is threadedly connected to the inner side of the clamping seat, and the screw rod is rotatably connected to the end of the pressure plate away from the fixed clamping plate. A handwheel is installed at the end of the screw rod away from the pressure plate.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure plate has two or more rows of locking blocks at one end facing the fixed clamping plate, and the inner end face of the fixed clamping plate has a locking groove corresponding to the locking blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the card block is a hemispherical rubber granule.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention adjusts the position of a fixed clamping plate by moving it back and forth within a guide groove. This allows the fixed clamping plate to avoid thin-walled areas on the parts, preventing deformation of these areas and reducing the possibility of damage. Furthermore, the fixed clamping plate contains a spring-loaded movable clamping plate that can flexibly pre-contact and adaptively conform to the irregular curved surface of the parts, increasing the effective contact area between the clamping plate and the parts. This results in a more uniform distribution of clamping force, improving the stability and precision of the parts during processing and ultimately enhancing the quality of the finished parts. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a front view cross-sectional structural diagram of the clamp of this utility model; Figure 3 This is the utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the clamping seat of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the movable clamp connection structure of this utility model.

[0014] The components include: base-1, clamping seat-2, double-acting lead screw-3, guide groove-4, fixed clamping plate-5, pressure plate-6, screw-7, handwheel-8, locking block-9, locking groove-10, groove-11, movable clamping plate-12, spring-13, and buffer plate-14. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To further explain the technical solution of this utility model, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0016] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides a component including a base 1, a clamping seat 2, a bidirectional lead screw 3, a guide groove 4, a fixed clamping plate 5, a groove 11, a movable clamping plate 12, and a spring 13; two clamping seats 2 are slidably installed inside the base 1, and the two clamping seats 2 can move horizontally in the left and right directions along the base 1. The bidirectional lead screw 3 is rotatably installed in the base 1. The left and right ends of the bidirectional lead screw 3 are respectively threaded to the bottom of the two clamping seats 2. Each of the left and right opposite surfaces of the two clamping seats 2 is provided with a rectangular guide groove 4 with a step. Two or more fixed clamping plates 5 with steps are slidably installed in the guide groove 4. The fixed clamping plates 5 can slide horizontally back and forth along the inner side of the guide groove 4. The outer end face of the fixed clamping plate 5 protrudes from the inner side of the guide groove 4. A groove 11 is provided on the outer end face of the fixed clamping plate 5. A movable clamping plate 12 is movably inserted into the groove 11. The upper and lower ends of the inner side of the movable clamping plate 12 are connected to the inner side of the groove 11 by a spring 13, and the movable clamping plate 12 protrudes from the inner side of the groove 11. A locking mechanism is provided inside the guide groove 4, which is used to provide sliding limit for the fixed clamping plate 5; The base 1 contains a drive motor (not shown in the figure) for driving the bidirectional lead screw 3 to rotate.

[0017] In this embodiment, a buffer plate 14 is provided on the outer end face of the fixed clamping plate 5 and the movable clamping plate 12 respectively. The two buffer plates 14 are flush with the side surfaces of the fixed clamping plate 5 and the movable clamping plate 12 respectively. The buffer plates 14 are used to protect the accessories and prevent the fixed clamping plate 5 and the movable clamping plate 12 from damaging the outer surface of the accessories.

[0018] In this embodiment, both the fixed clamp 5 and the movable clamp 12 are made of stainless steel.

[0019] In the above, the buffer sheet 14 is a nylon sheet, but a polyurethane sheet can also be used.

[0020] In this embodiment, the positioning mechanism includes a pressure plate 6, a screw 7, and a handwheel 8. The pressure plate 6 is movably installed in the guide groove 4 and can slide left and right along the inner side of the guide groove 4. The screw 7 movably passes through the outer end face of the clamping seat 2 and is threadedly connected to the inner side of the clamping seat 2. The screw 7 is rotatably connected to the end of the pressure plate 6 away from the fixed clamping plate 5, and the handwheel 8 is installed at the end of the screw 7 away from the pressure plate 6.

[0021] In this embodiment, the pressure plate 6 is provided with two or more rows of locking blocks 9 at one end facing the fixed clamping plate 5. The locking blocks 9 are hemispherical rubber particles. The inner end face of the fixed clamping plate 5 is provided with a groove 10 corresponding to the locking blocks 9. The locking blocks 9 cooperate with the groove 10 to improve the stability of the pressure plate 6 pressing the fixed clamping plate 5. Furthermore, since the locking blocks 9 are made of rubber, they can easily and elastically enter the groove 10.

[0022] Specifically, the base 1 is fixed at the designated position on the parts processing machine tool. The handwheel 8 is turned to drive the screw 7 to rotate, so that the screw 7 drives the pressure plate 6 to disengage from the outside of the fixed clamping plate 5. At this time, the fixed clamping plate 5 is not pressed and fixed by the pressure plate 6. Then, the position of the fixed clamping plate 5 can be adjusted according to the shape of the parts. If there is a thin wall on the parts, it is necessary to adjust the fixed clamping plate 5 to be misaligned with the thin wall on the parts. Then, the handwheel 8 is turned in the opposite direction to drive the pressure plate 6 to move inward to press and fix the fixed clamping plate 5. At this point, the part is placed between the two sets of movable clamping plates 12. The motor in the control base 1 drives the bidirectional lead screw 3 to rotate. The bidirectional lead screw 3 drives the clamping seat 2 to move symmetrically. The clamping seat 2 drives the fixed clamping plate 5 and the movable clamping plate 12 to move symmetrically inward. The movable clamping plate 12 protrudes from the fixed clamping plate 5, so that the movable clamping plate 12 first flexibly contacts the part, so that the movable clamping plate 12 fits the surface of the part. When encountering irregular surfaces, curved surfaces or local high points, each movable clamping plate 12 retracts independently by different strokes under the action of the spring 13, so that the movable clamping plate 12 can automatically adapt to the contour differences of the part with higher precision. When the clamping seat 2 continues to move inward, the movable clamping plate 12 gradually retracts completely into the groove 10. At this time, the fixed clamping plate 5 provides rigid clamping for the part. The rigid clamping of the fixed clamping plate 5 and the flexible clamping of the movable clamping plate 12 stably clamp and fix the part, so that the machine tool can stably process the part, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the part processing.

[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision mechanical parts processing fixture, comprising a base and a bidirectional lead screw rotatably mounted in the base, wherein two clamping seats are movably mounted in the base, and both clamping seats are threadedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw; Its features are, Each of the two clamping seats has a guide groove on its opposite side, and two or more fixed clamping plates are movably installed in the guide groove, with the fixed clamping plates protruding from the inside of the guide groove; The outer end face of the fixed clamp is provided with a groove, and a movable clamp is movably inserted into the groove. The movable clamp is connected to the inner side of the groove by several springs, and the movable clamp protrudes from the inner side of the groove. The guide groove is equipped with a locking mechanism, which is used to provide movement limit for the fixed clamping plate.

2. The high-precision machining fixture for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate is provided with a buffer plate on its outer end face, and the two buffer plates are flush with the side surfaces of the fixed clamping plate and the movable clamping plate, respectively.

3. The high-precision machining fixture for mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer sheet is made of either polyurethane or nylon.

4. The high-precision machining fixture for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two springs are installed inside the groove, with the two springs located at the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the groove, respectively.

5. The high-precision machining fixture for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes a pressure plate movably installed in the guide groove and a screw rod movably passing through the outer end face of the clamping seat. The moving direction of the pressure plate is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fixed clamping plate. The screw rod is threadedly connected to the inner side of the clamping seat, and the screw rod is rotatably connected to the end of the pressure plate away from the fixed clamping plate. A handwheel is installed at the end of the screw rod away from the pressure plate.

6. The high-precision machining fixture for mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure plate has two or more rows of locking blocks at one end facing the fixed clamping plate, and the inner end face of the fixed clamping plate has a locking groove corresponding to the locking blocks.

7. The high-precision machining fixture for mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The card block is a hemispherical rubber granule.

Images