Positioning device and product assembly apparatus

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a positioning device and a product assembly device. The positioning device is used for positioning a first workpiece to be assembled, comprising: a base; a positioning module movably arranged on the base and used for positioning the first workpiece; a fixing module movably arranged on the base and used for fixing the first workpiece; a height detection module arranged on the fixing module and used for detecting a height of a second workpiece to be assembled with the first workpiece and calculating a difference between the height of the second workpiece and a standard height of the second workpiece; a height adjustment module arranged on the base and used for driving the fixing module to move the first workpiece by a distance of the difference; and a switching module arranged on the base and used for driving the fixing module to move the first workpiece in the direction of the second workpiece after the first workpiece moves by the distance of the difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of automated equipment, and more particularly to a positioning device and product assembly equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of automated assembly technology, precise positioning and reliable fixation of workpieces are key prerequisites for ensuring assembly accuracy and production efficiency. Only when the workpiece is accurately placed and stably constrained in the predetermined position and posture can subsequent assembly processes be carried out accurately.

[0003] For products with regular shapes and clear positioning references, existing technologies have developed a variety of mature and efficient positioning solutions. For example, mechanical structures such as clamps and positioning pins can be used to achieve fast and accurate positioning and clamping, which can meet the needs of automated production.

[0004] However, for products with complex shapes and lacking regular geometric features, making it difficult to guarantee precise dimensions, assembly errors are easily introduced in the height direction. Existing positioning solutions cannot guarantee correct product assembly because they struggle to compensate for errors in the height direction. Utility Model Content

[0005] This disclosure provides a positioning device and product assembly equipment.

[0006] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a positioning device is provided for positioning a first workpiece to be assembled, comprising: a base; a positioning module movably disposed on the base for positioning the first workpiece; a fixing module movably disposed on the base for fixing the first workpiece; a height detection module disposed on the fixing module for detecting the height of a second workpiece to be assembled with the first workpiece and calculating the difference between the height of the second workpiece and the height of a standard part of the second workpiece; a height adjustment module disposed on the base for driving the fixing module, thereby causing the first workpiece to move up and down by the difference distance; and a switching module movably disposed on the base for driving the fixing module after the first workpiece has moved up and down by the difference distance, thereby causing the first workpiece to move towards the second workpiece.

[0007] According to one aspect of the technical solution of this disclosure, the positioning device positions a first workpiece using a positioning module, fixes the first workpiece using a fixing module, and detects the height of a second workpiece using a height detection module. The difference between this height and the height of a standard part of the second workpiece at the same position is calculated, reflecting the assembly error caused by workpiece dimensional deviations. A height adjustment module drives the fixing module and the first workpiece to move up and down as a whole based on the detection results, dynamically adjusting the height of the first workpiece. The moving distance is equal to the aforementioned difference, achieving error compensation. A switching module then drives the fixing module and the first workpiece to move towards the second workpiece, completing precise assembly. This technical solution effectively solves the problem in the prior art of accurately positioning and correctly installing workpieces with complex shapes and lacking regular geometric features due to dimensional deviations. The height detection module measures the dimensional deviation, and the height adjustment module compensates for the difference, avoiding the shortcomings of traditional positioning schemes that cannot adapt to product dimensional deviations. This ensures that even workpieces with complex structures can be accurately assembled, thereby improving assembly accuracy and production efficiency.

[0008] The positioning device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized in that the height adjustment module includes: a height driving device, the height driving device being fixedly disposed on the base; and a lifting frame, the lifting frame being connected to the output end of the height driving device and being movably disposed on the base; wherein the height driving device is used to drive the lifting frame to move up and down; and the height detection module, the switching module, and the fixing module are disposed on the lifting frame.

[0009] In this embodiment, the height drive device drives the lifting frame to move vertically via its output end. The lifting frame, acting as an integrated platform, carries the height detection module, switching module, and fixing module, enabling synchronous lifting of the key modules. When the height detection module detects a difference, the control system instructs the height drive device to adjust the position of the lifting frame, thereby precisely adjusting the height of the first workpiece. This technical solution ensures no relative displacement between modules during height adjustment, avoiding accuracy loss due to asynchronous movement.

[0010] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of the present disclosure, the height adjustment module further includes a guide assembly, the guide assembly including a guide shaft and a linear bearing, the linear bearing being fixedly disposed on the base, the guide shaft being fixedly disposed on the lifting frame and axially movable on the linear bearing.

[0011] In this embodiment, the guide assembly, through the cooperation of a guide shaft and a linear bearing, constrains the lifting frame to move only in the vertical direction: the linear bearing is fixed on the base as a fixed guide rail, and the guide shaft is fixed on the lifting frame and inserted into the linear bearing. When the height drive device drives the lifting frame, the guide shaft slides within the linear bearing, providing high-precision linear guidance. This mechanism effectively prevents the lifting frame from deflecting or swaying during movement, ensuring the straightness and stability of the height adjustment path.

[0012] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of this disclosure, the height adjustment module further includes a transfer component; the lifting frame is connected to the output end of the height driving device through the transfer component.

[0013] In the technical solution of this embodiment, the transfer component serves as an intermediate connecting mechanism, flexibly connecting the output end of the height driving device to the lifting frame, transmitting driving force while absorbing vibration or minor misalignment.

[0014] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of the present disclosure, the height adjustment module further includes a positioning detection device disposed on the base, the positioning detection device being used to detect whether the lifting frame is in the initial position.

[0015] In this embodiment, the positioning detection device is fixed to the base. When the lifting frame moves to the initial position, a trigger signal is sent to the control system to calibrate the starting point of height adjustment or confirm the reset status. Before each assembly cycle begins, the system establishes a height adjustment reference by detecting the initial position; if the lifting frame is not in position, the control system can pause operation to avoid assembly errors. This mechanism ensures the accuracy of height detection and adjustment by monitoring the lifting frame position in real time.

[0016] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of the present disclosure, the switching module includes: an assembly drive device fixedly disposed on the lifting frame, the output end of the assembly drive device being connected to the fixed module; a guide mechanism disposed between the lifting frame and the fixed module for guiding the fixed module to move toward the second workpiece; and a limiting device disposed between the lifting frame and the fixed module for limiting the travel of the fixed module.

[0017] In the technical solution of this embodiment, the assembly drive device pushes the fixed module to move along the path set by the guide mechanism toward the second workpiece through the output end to perform the assembly operation; the guide mechanism constrains the fixed module to move only along a predetermined straight trajectory to prevent trajectory deviation or shaking caused by the dimensional deviation of the workpiece with a complex shape; the limiting device is triggered when the fixed module moves to the preset end point of the stroke to limit excessive movement to avoid collision or overload between the first workpiece and the second workpiece.

[0018] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of this disclosure, the fixing module includes: a base connected to the assembly drive device of the switching module for placing the first workpiece; a pressure block movably disposed on the base for pressing the first workpiece onto the base; a first drive device fixedly disposed on the base and connected to the pressure block for driving the pressure block to move up and down; a shift fork movably disposed on the base for inserting into the inner cavity of the first workpiece and supporting the first workpiece; and a second drive device fixedly disposed on the base and connected to the shift fork for driving the shift fork to insert into the first workpiece.

[0019] In this embodiment, the first driving device drives the pressure block to descend, pressing the first workpiece against the base surface to provide constraint. The second driving device drives the shift fork to move horizontally, inserting it into the inner cavity of the first workpiece to provide internal support. The base serves as a support platform, achieving a combination of internal and external fixation. This fixing module adapts to the irregular features of complex-shaped workpieces, eliminating the need for external geometric references and effectively compensating for positioning failures caused by dimensional deviations. Through the synergistic effect of internal cavity support and external pressing, it ensures the first workpiece remains stable and displacement-free during assembly. It is particularly suitable for complex workpieces lacking external positioning features, improving clamping reliability and assembly success rate, and solving the problem of difficult precise fixing due to dimensional deviations in the prior art.

[0020] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of the present disclosure, the positioning module includes: a positioning member movably disposed on the base; and a positioning driving device fixedly disposed on the base and connected to the positioning member, for driving the positioning member to move into the positioning structure of the first workpiece, and for driving the positioning member to retract from the positioning structure.

[0021] In this embodiment, the positioning drive device drives the positioning component to precisely insert into the positioning structure (such as a hole or slot) of the first workpiece before assembly, providing a high-precision position reference; after assembly, the positioning component is driven to retract, facilitating component removal. This positioning module enhances the precise positioning capability for complex workpieces, especially when the first workpiece has internal cavity features; through a dynamic insertion and withdrawal mechanism, it adapts to minor misalignments caused by dimensional deviations, improving assembly accuracy and system flexibility, and the positioning component can retract from the first workpiece after assembly, facilitating the next assembly operation.

[0022] According to at least one embodiment of the positioning device of the present disclosure, the positioning device further includes a limiting component, which is fixedly disposed on the base for limiting the horizontal movement of the first workpiece.

[0023] In this embodiment, the limiting component acts as a mechanical stop. When the first workpiece is placed on the base, its edge abuts against the limiting component to achieve initial coarse positioning. The limiting component provides a basic reference point for the precise positioning of the subsequent pressure block and shift fork. The limiting component ensures that the first workpiece is quickly positioned through mechanical constraints, simplifying the initial alignment process of workpieces with complex shapes, reducing errors caused by manual placement, and improving assembly efficiency and reliability.

[0024] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a product assembly apparatus is provided for assembling a first workpiece and a second workpiece, including a positioning device of any one of the above. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning device for setting up a first workpiece according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a positioning device for setting a first workpiece according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a positioning device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100 bases 200 positioning modules 210 Positioning component 220 Positioning Drive Device 300 Fixed Module 310 base 320 pressure block 330 First Drive Unit 340 shift fork 350 Second Drive Unit 400 Switching Module 410 Assemble the drive unit 420 Guiding Mechanism 430 Limiting device 500 Height Detection Module 600 Height Adjustment Module 610 Height Drive Device 620 lifting frame 630 guide assembly 631 Guide Shaft 632 Linear Bearing 640 Transfer Components 650 Position Detection Device 700 limit components 800 Product Testing Device 900 First workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Unless otherwise stated, the exemplary implementations / embodiments shown are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details that provide ways in which the technical concepts of this disclosure can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the features of various implementations / embodiments may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged without departing from the technical concepts of this disclosure.

[0035] In the field of automated assembly technology, precise positioning and reliable fixation of workpieces are crucial prerequisites for ensuring assembly accuracy and production efficiency. Only when workpieces are accurately placed and stably constrained in their predetermined positions and orientations can subsequent assembly processes be performed accurately. However, for workpieces with complex shapes and lacking regular geometric features, making it difficult to guarantee precise dimensions, existing positioning schemes struggle to ensure accurate positioning and correct installation due to dimensional deviations leading to height-direction assembly errors. This results in decreased assembly accuracy, reduced production efficiency, and even product defects.

[0036] Therefore, this disclosure provides a positioning device.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning device for a first workpiece according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2This is a perspective view of a positioning device for a first workpiece according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the positioning device of this disclosure is used to position a first workpiece 900. The positioning device includes: a base 100, a positioning module 200, a fixing module 300, a switching module 400, a height detection module 500, and a height adjustment module 600.

[0039] The base 100 serves as the mounting base for other modules. A positioning module 200 is movably mounted on the base 100 for positioning the first workpiece 900. A fixing module 300 is movably mounted on the base 100 for fixing the first workpiece 900. A switching module 400 is vertically and vertically mounted on the base 100 for driving the fixing module 300 and the first workpiece 900 to move towards the second workpiece, performing the assembly operation of the first workpiece 900 and the second workpiece. A height detection module 500 is mounted on the fixing module 300 for detecting the height of the second workpiece and calculating the difference between this height and the height of a standard part of the second workpiece at the same position. A height adjustment module 600 is mounted on the base 100 for driving the fixing module 300 and the switching module 400 to move vertically and vertically, and for adjusting the height of the first workpiece 900 fixed to the fixing module 300.

[0040] The positioning device works as follows: First, the positioning module 200 positions the first workpiece 900 on the base 100, and the fixing module 300 fixes the first workpiece 900 on the base 100. Then, the height detection module 500 detects the height of the second workpiece and calculates the difference between this height and the height of a standard part of the second workpiece at the same position. This difference reflects the assembly error caused by workpiece size deviations. Based on the detection results, the height adjustment module 600 drives the fixing module 300 and the switching module 400 to move up and down as a whole, dynamically adjusting the height of the first workpiece 900, with the moving distance equal to the aforementioned difference. Finally, the switching module 400 drives the fixing module 300 and the first workpiece 900 to move towards the second workpiece, completing precise assembly. Equally important, the height adjustment module 600 can adjust the positions of the positioning module 200 and the fixing module 300, separating the positioning and fixing position of the first workpiece 900 from the assembly position, allowing the first workpiece 900 and the second workpiece to be positioned simultaneously, achieving high-efficiency assembly.

[0041] This positioning device effectively solves the positioning challenges of complex-shaped workpieces lacking regular geometric features by integrating height detection and dynamic adjustment functions. The height detection module 500 directly quantifies dimensional deviations, while the height adjustment module 600 compensates for these differences. This avoids the shortcomings of traditional positioning solutions that rely on regular geometric features and cannot adapt to dimensional deviations, thus ensuring precise assembly of complex workpieces and improving assembly accuracy and production efficiency. The entire process does not depend on the regular shape of the workpiece; it only relies on adaptive adjustment based on the difference, making it suitable for automated production lines.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in one exemplary embodiment of the height adjustment module 600, the height adjustment module 600 includes: a height drive device 610 and a lifting frame 620. The height drive device 610 is fixedly mounted on the base 100. The lifting frame 620 is connected to the output end of the height drive device 610 and is vertically and flexibly mounted on the base 100. The height drive device 610 drives the lifting frame 620 to move vertically. A height detection module 500, a switching module 400, and a fixing module 300 are mounted on the lifting frame 620. The height drive device 610 can employ a servo motor in conjunction with a lead screw mechanism or a pneumatic cylinder to achieve precise linear displacement control. The lifting frame 620 can be a rigid frame structure to ensure load-bearing stability. The installation positions of the height detection module 500, the switching module 400, and the fixing module 300 can be flexibly arranged on the lifting frame 620 according to actual assembly requirements, but the connection between the modules must be kept stable to maintain synchronous movement. The height drive device 610 drives the lifting frame 620 to move vertically via its output end. The lifting frame 620 serves as an integrated platform, supporting the height detection module 500, the switching module 400, and the fixing module 300, enabling synchronous lifting of all key modules. When the height detection module 500 detects a discrepancy, the control system instructs the height drive device 610 to activate, causing the lifting frame 620 to adjust its position, thereby precisely adjusting the height of the first workpiece 900 and compensating for assembly errors.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a positioning device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, to improve the stability of the height adjustment module 600's operation, the height adjustment module 600 also includes a guide assembly 630. The guide assembly 630 includes a guide shaft 631 and a linear bearing 632. The linear bearing 632 is fixedly mounted on the base 100; the guide shaft 631 is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame 620 and is axially movable within the linear bearing 632. The guide shaft 631 and linear bearing 632 can be standard industrial parts, such as a cylindrical guide shaft 631 fitted with a sleeve for the linear bearing 632. The guide shaft 631 can be made of stainless steel to enhance wear resistance. The linear bearings 632 are symmetrically distributed on the base 100 to ensure uniform force distribution on the lifting frame 620; however, the specific number (e.g., two or four sets) can be adjusted according to the device size and load requirements without affecting the basic function. Through the cooperation of the guide shaft 631 and the linear bearing 632, the guide assembly 630 constrains the lifting frame 620 to move only in the vertical direction, preventing it from deflecting or swaying during lifting. The linear bearing 632 is fixed on the base 100 as a fixed guide rail, and the guide shaft 631 is fixed on the lifting frame 620 and inserted into the linear bearing 632. When the height driving device 610 drives the lifting frame 620, the guide shaft 631 slides in the linear bearing 632, providing high-precision linear guidance.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, the height adjustment module 600 further includes a transfer assembly 640. The lifting frame 620 is connected to the output end of the height drive device 610 via the transfer assembly 640. The transfer assembly 640 acts as an intermediate connecting mechanism, flexibly connecting the output end of the height drive device 610 to the lifting frame 620, transmitting driving force while absorbing vibration or minor misalignment. For example, the transfer assembly 640 can use a flexible coupling or ball joint to achieve a flexible connection; the connection method can be bolt fixing or quick-change interface for easy maintenance. When the height drive device 610 is activated, the transfer assembly 640 allows for a certain degree of axial or radial deviation to avoid jamming or wear caused by rigid connections, ensuring smooth and reliable lifting movement.

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, the height adjustment module 600 also includes a positioning detection device 650 disposed on the base 100. The positioning detection device 650 is used to detect whether the lifting frame 620 is in its initial position. The positioning detection device 650 can be a non-contact sensor (such as an inductive proximity switch) or a photoelectric sensor, and its installation position must be aligned with the initial position mark of the lifting frame 620. The positioning detection device 650 is fixed to the base 100. When the lifting frame 620 moves to its initial position (such as the highest point or reference point), it triggers a signal to the control system to calibrate the starting point of height adjustment or confirm the reset status. Before each assembly cycle begins, the system establishes a reference by detecting the initial position to ensure the accuracy of height detection and adjustment. If the lifting frame 620 is not in position, the control system can pause operation to avoid assembly errors. The positioning detection device 650 improves the automation reliability and safety of the positioning device.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of the switching module 400, the switching module 400 includes: an assembly drive device 410, a guide mechanism 420, and a limiting device 430. The assembly drive device 410 is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame 620, and its output end is connected to the fixed module 300. The assembly drive device 410 can use standard pneumatic components (such as ISO standard cylinders) or electric push rods to achieve smooth thrust output. The guide mechanism 420 is disposed between the lifting frame 620 and the fixed module 300 to guide the fixed module 300 to move towards the second workpiece. The guide mechanism 420 can adopt an industrial-grade linear guide system, such as a combination of linear guide rail and slider. The fit tolerance between the slider and the guide rail meets the usage standards to ensure repeatability and positioning accuracy. The limiting device 430 is disposed between the lifting frame 620 and the fixed module 300 to limit the travel of the fixed module 300. The limiting device 430 can be a threaded adjustable stop or a non-contact sensor. Its installation position needs to be determined mechanically based on the actual assembly stroke, but the specific adjustment range should match the device's load requirements. During operation, the assembly drive device 410 pushes the fixed module 300 along the path set by the guide mechanism 420 towards the second workpiece via its output end, performing the assembly operation. The guide mechanism 420 ensures the straightness and stability of the fixed module 300's movement trajectory, avoiding movement deviation caused by dimensional deviations of complex-shaped workpieces. The limiting device 430 is triggered when the fixed module 300 moves to the preset stroke end point, limiting excessive movement and preventing collisions between the first workpiece 900 and the second workpiece or assembly overload.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixed module according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, exemplarily, the fixed module 300 includes: a base 310, a pressure block 320, a first drive device 330, a shift fork 340, and a second drive device 350. The base 310 is connected to the assembly drive device 410 of the switching module 400 and is used to place the first workpiece 900. The pressure block 320 is vertically and flexibly disposed on the base 310 and is used to press the first workpiece 900 onto the base 310. The first drive device 330 is fixedly disposed on the base 310 and connected to the pressure block 320, and is used to drive the pressure block 320 to move vertically. The shift fork 340 is movably disposed on the base 310 and is used to insert into the inner cavity of the first workpiece 900 and support the first workpiece 900. The second drive device 350 is fixedly disposed on the base 310 and connected to the shift fork 340, and is used to drive the shift fork 340 to insert into the first workpiece 900. Both the first drive device 330 and the second drive device 350 can be small pneumatic actuators, such as SC standard cylinders, to simplify the control logic. The contact surfaces of the pressure block 320 and the shift fork 340 can be designed as replaceable modules, made of wear-resistant engineering plastics or hardened steel, with the specific shape customized according to the internal cavity characteristics of the workpiece. The working principle of this fixing module 300 is as follows: the base 310 serves as a support platform for the first workpiece 900; the first drive device 330 is a Z-axis drive device, driving the pressure block 320 to descend and press the first workpiece 900 against the surface of the base 310, providing external constraint; the second drive device 350 is an X-axis drive device, driving the shift fork 340 to move horizontally and insert into the internal cavity (such as a hole or groove) of the first workpiece 900, providing internal support points. This combination of internal and external fixing methods allows the first workpiece 900 to be dynamically constrained at multiple points during assembly, effectively adapting to dimensional deviations in complex shapes and lacking external positioning features. The fixed module 300 solves the problem of positioning failure caused by workpiece size deviation: the pressure block 320 ensures that the workpiece fits with the base 310, and the shift fork 340 uses the internal cavity features as a substitute positioning reference without relying on a regular shape. Thus, based on the compensation for the difference by the height adjustment module 600, the assembly accuracy and stability are further improved.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the height detection module 500 is installed on the fixed module 300 by mounting the height detection device 500 on the lifting frame 620 or the base 310, so that it can rise and fall synchronously with the first workpiece 900.

[0052] For example, the height detection device 500 is movably mounted on the lifting frame 620, and the lifting frame 620 is provided with a drive mechanism for driving the height detection device 500 to move horizontally, so that the height detection device can extend from the lifting frame 620 to perform height detection operations.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment of the positioning device described above, the positioning module 200 includes a positioning element 210 and a positioning drive device 220. The positioning element 210 is movably disposed on the base 310. The positioning drive device 220 is fixedly disposed on the base 310 and connected to the positioning element 210, used to drive the positioning element 210 to move into the positioning structure of the first workpiece 900, and also used to drive the positioning element 210 to retract from the positioning structure. The positioning element 210 can be a positioning block or a positioning pin. The positioning drive device 220 can be integrated inside the base 310, adopting a compact design. The matching of the positioning structure needs to be based on the actual characteristics of the workpiece, but the stroke and reset mechanism of the positioning block should be realized through a standard pneumatic circuit, and the specific insertion depth is determined by mechanical limits, without limiting the specific dimensions. During operation, the positioning drive device 220 drives the positioning element 210 (such as a positioning block) to accurately insert into the positioning structure (such as a hole or slot) of the first workpiece 900 before assembly, providing a high-precision position reference. After assembly, the positioning element 210 retracts for easy removal of the workpiece. The positioning device enhances the positioning capability of the fixed module 300: when the first workpiece 900 has internal cavity positioning features, the positioning module 200, as a supplementary reference, works in conjunction with the height detection module 500 to eliminate rotation or offset errors caused by dimensional deviations, and ensure the docking accuracy between the first workpiece 900 and the second workpiece.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the positioning device further includes a limiting component 700. The limiting component 700 is fixedly mounted on the base 310 and serves as abutment for the first workpiece 900, restricting its horizontal movement. The limiting component 700 can be an adjustable L-shaped stop or an integrated boss, made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The installation position can be adjusted via a T-slot on the base 310, but the adjustment range must be compatible with the workpiece dimensions. The specific abutment angle and height should be designed according to the workpiece contour, but there are no standard values; verification through trial assembly is required. As a mechanical stop, the limiting component 700 abuts against the edge of the first workpiece 900 when it is placed on the base 310, achieving initial coarse positioning. This process provides a basic reference point for the subsequent precise positioning of the pressure block 320 and the shift fork 340, and is particularly suitable for the rapid alignment of irregularly shaped workpieces. By limiting the initial position of the workpiece on the base 310, the risk of assembly failure due to placement errors is reduced, solving the efficiency problem of difficult rapid positioning of complex workpieces in the prior art.

[0055] like Figure 1As shown, the positioning device further includes a product detection device 800. The product detection device 800 is disposed on the limiting component 700 and is used to detect whether the first workpiece 900 abuts against the limiting component 700. The product detection device 800 can be a reflective photoelectric sensor or a mechanical limit switch, installed in the contact area of ​​the limiting component 700. The product detection device 800 monitors the contact state between the first workpiece 900 and the limiting component 700 in real time; if no abutment signal is detected, the control system determines that the workpiece is not correctly placed, suspends the assembly process, and triggers an alarm to avoid performing assembly operations under incorrect positioning conditions. The product detection device 800 improves the automation reliability of the device, ensuring that complex workpieces are in place before assembly, thus overcoming the shortcomings of traditional solutions that rely solely on manual or visual inspection.

[0056] Based on the above technical solution, the positioning device can also be symmetrically arranged with the limiting component 700 and the product detection device 800, so as to be compatible with the positioning needs of more styles of products and their symmetrical parts.

[0057] The working process of the positioning device in the above technical solution is as follows: The operator or robot places the first workpiece 900 on the positioning mechanism, so that the notch of the product fits onto the positioning block of the positioning module 200 and abuts against the limiting component 700. The product detection device 800 then detects the presence of the product and confirms that it is correctly positioned. Subsequently, the X-axis drive device drives the shift fork 340 to extend and insert into the inner cavity of the product to provide internal support and prevent deformation. At the same time, the Z-axis drive device drives the pressure block 320 to press down and firmly fix the first workpiece 900 on the base 310. The height detection module 500 extends to detect the actual height of the second workpiece. The control system calculates the difference between the height of the second workpiece and the height of the marked part of the second workpiece at the same position based on the detection result. This difference reflects the dimensional deviation of the second workpiece. The height adjustment module 600 automatically compensates for the height of the first workpiece 900 to eliminate the dimensional deviation. Subsequently, the positioning block of the positioning module 200 descends and exits the notch of the first workpiece 900. The switching module 400 drives the fixing module 300 and the first workpiece 900 to move forward to the assembly position and precisely dock with the second workpiece to complete the assembly. After assembly, the Z-axis drive device raises the pressure block 320 to release the first workpiece 900, and the X-axis drive device retracts the shift fork 340 out of the inner cavity. The switching module 400 resets the positioning module 200 and the fixing module 300 to their initial positions. Finally, the positioning block of the positioning module 200 rises to return to the standby state, preparing for the assembly cycle of the next product.

[0058] This disclosure also provides a product assembly device, including the aforementioned positioning device. The product assembly device positions two workpieces using the positioning device, and then assembles the two workpieces.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0060] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A positioning device for positioning a first workpiece to be assembled, characterized in that, include: Base; A positioning module, which is movably disposed on the base, is used to position the first workpiece; A fixing module is movably disposed on the base for fixing the first workpiece; A height detection module is disposed in the fixed module and is used to detect the height of a second workpiece that will be assembled with the first workpiece, and to calculate the difference between the height of the second workpiece and the standard part height of the second workpiece. A height adjustment module is disposed on the base and is used to drive the fixed module, thereby causing the first workpiece to move up and down by the difference distance; as well as A switching module is provided, which is vertically and vertically mounted on the base. After the first workpiece has moved up and down by the difference distance, the switching module drives the fixed module, thereby moving the first workpiece toward the direction of the second workpiece.

2. The positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height adjustment module includes: A height driving device, the height driving device being fixedly mounted on the base; and A lifting frame, which is connected to the output end of the height driving device and is vertically and flexibly mounted on the base; The height driving device is used to drive the lifting frame to move up and down, and the height detection module, switching module and fixing module are disposed on the lifting frame.

3. The positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment module also includes a guide assembly, which includes a guide shaft and a linear bearing. The linear bearing is fixedly mounted on the base, and the guide shaft is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame and is axially movable on the linear bearing.

4. The positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment module also includes a transfer component, and the lifting frame is connected to the output end of the height drive device through the transfer component.

5. The positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment module also includes a positioning detection device disposed on the base, which is used to detect whether the lifting frame is in the initial position.

6. The positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching module includes: An assembly drive device is fixedly mounted on the lifting frame, and the output end of the assembly drive device is connected to the fixed module. A guiding mechanism, disposed between the lifting frame and the fixed module, is used to guide the fixed module to move towards the second workpiece; and A limiting device is provided between the lifting frame and the fixed module to limit the movement stroke of the fixed module.

7. The positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The fixed module includes: A base, which is connected to the assembly drive device of the switching module, is used to place the first workpiece; A pressure block, which is vertically and flexibly mounted on the base, is used to press the first workpiece onto the base; A first driving device is fixedly mounted on the base and connected to the pressing block, used to drive the pressing block to move up and down. A shift fork, movably disposed on the base, for inserting into the inner cavity of the first workpiece and supporting the first workpiece; and The second driving device is fixedly mounted on the base and connected to the shift fork, and is used to drive the shift fork to insert into the first workpiece.

8. The positioning device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning module includes: A positioning element, movably disposed on the base; and A positioning drive device is fixedly mounted on the base and connected to the positioning member. It is used to drive the positioning member to move into the positioning structure of the first workpiece and to drive the positioning member to exit from the positioning structure.

9. The positioning device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positioning device further includes a limiting component, which is fixedly disposed on the base to limit the horizontal movement of the first workpiece.

10. A product assembly device for assembling a first workpiece and a second workpiece, characterized in that, Includes the positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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