Split type transmission mechanism assembly positioning tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a split type transmission mechanism assembly positioning frock, including fixed base, the upper end of fixed base is fixedly connected with lower box fixed platform through posture adjusting mechanism, and the lower box of gear box is fixedly connected with lower box fixed platform through the positioning bolt through bottom mounting hole, the both sides of fixed base are provided with the pair of clamping shaft hole centering mechanism to the both sides shaft hole position of lower box, realize accurate positioning and posture adjustment in the assembly process of lower box through the posture adjusting mechanism and the pair of clamping shaft hole centering mechanism, effectively promote the assembly accuracy and efficiency of gear box, further guarantee the installation quality of internal gear shaft. The whole frock structure design is reasonable, and the operation is simple, provides reliable technical support for the assembly of split type transmission mechanism, not only improves the assembly efficiency, but also significantly improves product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of positioning tooling technology, specifically a split-type transmission mechanism assembly positioning tooling. Background Technology

[0002] Large gearboxes typically employ a split structure, consisting of an upper cover and a lower housing, internally containing a multi-stage planetary gear train and parallel shaft gears. Current assembly processes generally utilize large frame fixtures equipped with fixed locating pins corresponding to the mounting holes on the bottom of the lower housing, as well as multiple helical clamping devices arranged along the flange contour of the housing. During assembly, the lower housing is first hoisted onto the fixture using large lifting equipment, and roughly positioned using several fixed pins. Then, workers use torque wrenches to pre-tighten and finally tighten the bolts connecting the housing to the fixture in a specific sequence. Subsequently, the upper cover is hoisted, again requiring manual guidance to align its bolt holes with the lower housing, and then workers tighten the flange connecting bolts according to the process sequence.

[0003] Because the housing of a large gearbox is a large casting, unavoidable dimensional and geometric tolerances exist. The lower housing is forcibly fixed in its theoretical position on the tooling. During the installation of the gear shaft inside the housing, the housing's posture needs to be adjusted to ensure the coaxiality of the bearing holes. Fixed locating pins cannot accommodate these positional changes caused by tolerances, leading to difficulties in gear shaft installation and positioning, and even requiring repeated adjustments of the housing, severely impacting assembly efficiency and product quality. Therefore, this invention provides a split-type transmission mechanism assembly and positioning tooling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a split-type transmission mechanism assembly and positioning fixture, aiming to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a split-type transmission mechanism assembly and positioning fixture, including a fixed base, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a lower housing fixed platform through an attitude adjustment mechanism, and the lower housing of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the lower housing fixed platform through a positioning bolt passing through the bottom mounting hole, and a clamping shaft hole centering mechanism is provided on both sides of the fixed base corresponding to the shaft hole positions on both sides of the lower housing; The attitude adjustment mechanism includes a central hydraulic spring support rod fixed at the center of the fixed base. The upper end of the movable inner rod of the central hydraulic spring support rod is integrally formed with a docking ball head, and an adjustment ball socket is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the lower box fixed platform. The adjustment ball socket is sleeved and rotated on the docking ball head. Multiple pairs of hinge seats are concentrically installed around the outer side of the central hydraulic spring support rod at the upper end of the fixed base and the bottom of the lower box fixed platform. The multiple pairs of hinge seats are arranged one-to-one. Side hydraulic spring support rods are arranged between the corresponding hinge seats. The sleeve and the outer end of the inner rod of the side hydraulic spring support rod are respectively hinged to the hinge seats on both sides. The clamping shaft hole centering mechanism includes a clamping seat. The two sides of the fixed base extend outward and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping seat. A clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamping seat. The movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder is set towards the center. A clamping adapter plate seat is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder. A conical centering clamping rod is fixedly installed on the side of the clamping adapter plate seat facing the lower box fixing platform, corresponding to the shaft hole position of the lower box.

[0006] Preferably, the cone-shaped centering clamp is a round rod with a frustum-shaped structure facing the center, and the radius of the larger end of the frustum of the cone-shaped centering clamp is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft hole of the lower housing.

[0007] Preferably, a laser emitter is embedded in the center of the centering clamp rod on both sides of the cone head, and the emitting end of the laser emitter is oriented towards the center of the shaft hole.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping adapter plate seat has a mounting screw hole on the side facing the lower housing corresponding to the lower housing shaft hole position on the lower housing fixing platform, and a connecting screw is fixedly connected to the outer center of the cone head centering clamp rod, and the connecting screw matches the mounting screw hole on the clamping adapter plate seat.

[0009] Preferably, an adapter bolt is inserted through the center inner side of the clamping adapter plate seat, and the adapter bolt is threaded to the end of the inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder after passing through the clamping adapter plate seat. Two docking holes are symmetrically opened on the upper end of the clamping seat corresponding to the two sides of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and a guide slide rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the clamping adapter plate seat corresponding to the two docking holes. The guide slide rod is movably inserted into the docking holes on the clamping seat.

[0010] Preferably, an electric rotating single-arm crane is fixedly connected to the center of the back side of the fixed base, and the cantilever beam of the electric rotating single-arm crane is set on the upper side of the lower box fixed platform.

[0011] Preferably, a hydraulic station is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base, and the output end of the hydraulic station is connected to the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder through an oil circuit distribution valve. The cylinder bottom oil inlets of the central hydraulic spring support rod and the side hydraulic spring support rod are connected to the hydraulic station oil tank through an electromagnetic shut-off valve.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention achieves precise positioning and attitude adjustment of the lower housing during assembly through a posture adjustment mechanism and a clamping shaft hole alignment mechanism, effectively improving the assembly accuracy and efficiency of the gearbox. The posture adjustment mechanism utilizes the rotation of the mating ball joint within the adjustment socket, as well as the extension and retraction of the central and side hydraulic spring support rods, to flexibly adjust the pitch angle of the lower housing fixing platform, ensuring the precise position of the lower housing in three-dimensional space. The clamping shaft hole alignment mechanism achieves high-precision alignment and positioning of the shaft hole through the tight fit between the conical surface of the conical alignment clamping rod and the shaft hole, further guaranteeing the installation quality of the internal gear shaft. The entire tooling structure is rationally designed and easy to operate, providing reliable technical support for the assembly of the split-type transmission mechanism, not only improving assembly efficiency but also significantly enhancing product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of the centering mechanism for the clamping shaft hole in this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base; 2. Central hydraulic spring support rod; 3. Connecting ball head; 4. Lower housing fixed platform; 5. Adjusting ball socket; 6. Hinge seat; 7. Side hydraulic spring support rod; 8. Clamping seat; 9. Clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 10. Clamping adapter plate seat; 11. Conical centering clamping rod; 12. Laser emitter; 13. Guide slide rod; 14. Hydraulic station; 15. Electric rotating single-arm crane; 16. Connecting screw; 17. Adapter bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Please see Figure 1-4A split-type transmission mechanism assembly and positioning fixture includes a fixed base 1. The upper end of the fixed base 1 is fixedly connected to a lower housing fixed platform 4 through an attitude adjustment mechanism. The lower housing of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the lower housing fixed platform 4 through a positioning bolt through a bottom mounting hole. A clamping shaft hole centering mechanism is provided on both sides of the fixed base 1 corresponding to the shaft hole positions on both sides of the lower housing. The attitude adjustment mechanism includes a central hydraulic spring support rod 2 fixed at the center of the fixed base 1. The upper end of the movable inner rod of the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 is integrally formed with a docking ball head 3. An adjustment ball socket 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the lower box fixed platform 4. The adjustment ball socket 5 is sleeved and rotated on the docking ball head 3. Multiple pairs of hinge seats 6 are concentrically installed around the outer side of the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 at the upper end of the fixed base 1 and the bottom of the lower box fixed platform 4. The multiple pairs of hinge seats 6 are set one-to-one. Side hydraulic spring support rods 7 are set between the corresponding hinge seats 6. The rod sleeve and the outer end of the inner rod of the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 are respectively hinged to the hinge seats 6 on both sides. The clamping shaft hole centering mechanism includes a clamping seat 8. The two sides of the fixed base 1 extend outward and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping seat 8. A clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the clamping seat 8. The movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9 is set towards the center. A clamping adapter plate seat 10 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9. A conical centering clamping rod 11 is fixedly installed on the side of the clamping adapter plate seat 10 facing the lower box fixed platform 4, corresponding to the shaft hole position of the lower box.

[0017] During the assembly process, the lower gearbox housing is first securely connected to the lower gearbox fixing platform 4 by means of positioning bolts passing through the bottom mounting holes, ensuring that the lower gearbox housing is accurately positioned in the horizontal direction. Next, connect the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 to the oil supply tank, and start the clamping shaft hole centering mechanism. The movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9 extends, driving the clamping adapter plate seat 10 and the conical centering clamping rod 11 to move towards the center until the conical centering clamping rod 11 is accurately inserted into the shaft hole of the lower box. The centering and positioning of the shaft hole is achieved by the cooperation between the conical surface of the conical centering clamping rod 11 and the shaft hole. During the clamping process of the two conical centering clamping rods 11, the lower box is pushed to adjust its posture, so that the docking ball head 3 rotates in the adjusting ball socket 5, causing the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 to retract, thereby driving the lower box fixed platform 4 to adjust the pitch angle. After the positioning is completed, disconnect the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 from the oil supply tank to achieve fixed support for the lower box fixed platform 4. Finally, drive the two conical centering clamping rods 11 to retract, completing the shaft hole centering and positioning operation. At this point, the lower housing is in a precise assembly position, and its posture has been effectively adjusted to ensure the coaxiality requirements during the installation of the internal gear shaft. After the gear shaft and gears are installed, the upper housing cover can be hoisted. Since the lower housing is accurately fixed, the bolt holes of the upper housing cover can be easily aligned with the lower housing, greatly simplifying the assembly process. Workers then tighten the flange connection bolts according to the process sequence to complete the assembly of the entire gearbox.

[0018] The attitude adjustment mechanism utilizes the rotation of the docking ball head 3 within the adjusting ball socket 4, along with the extension and retraction of the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7, to flexibly adjust the pitch angle of the lower housing fixed platform 4, ensuring the precise position of the lower housing in three-dimensional space. The shaft hole alignment mechanism achieves high-precision alignment and positioning of the shaft hole through the tight fit between the conical surface of the conical alignment clamping rod 11 and the shaft hole, further guaranteeing the installation quality of the internal gear shaft. The entire tooling structure is rationally designed and easy to operate, providing reliable technical support for the assembly of the split-type transmission mechanism, not only improving assembly efficiency but also significantly enhancing product quality.

[0019] The lower housing fixing platform 4 is equipped with multiple positioning holes and fixing plates to accommodate the assembly of various gearbox lower housing models. The central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 form a hydraulic spring structure that connects the rod sleeve to the oil tank. The cooperative design of the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 allows the movable inner rod to be in a free state when connected to the oil supply tank, facilitating the adaptive adjustment of the lower housing fixing platform 4 according to the actual posture of the lower housing and ensuring the accuracy of shaft hole alignment. After the shaft hole alignment is completed and the connection with the oil supply tank is disconnected, the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 can provide stable support force through internal hydraulic oil, ensuring the stability of the lower housing during assembly. This design cleverly combines the flexibility of hydraulic springs and the rigidity of supports, providing a reliable guarantee for the assembly of split transmission mechanisms.

[0020] The conical centering clamp 11 is a round rod with a frustum-shaped structure facing the center, and the radius of the larger end of the frustum of the conical centering clamp 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft hole of the lower housing. When the conical centering clamp 11 moves towards the center and is inserted into the shaft hole of the lower housing, the frustum-shaped structure can play a good guiding role. Even if there is a certain range of positional deviation in the shaft hole, the conical centering clamp 11 can be smoothly inserted into the shaft hole by means of its conical surface, and gradually adjust the shaft hole to the correct position during the insertion process, achieving precise centering and positioning. Moreover, the larger radius of the larger end of the frustum is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft hole, which ensures that the conical centering clamp 11 can fully contact the shaft hole during the insertion process. Through the interaction force between the two, the lower housing is effectively pushed to adjust its posture to adapt to the assembly requirements, ensuring the coaxiality during the subsequent installation of the gear shaft, and improving the accuracy and quality of the entire assembly process.

[0021] Laser emitters 12 are embedded in the center of the centering clamping rod 11 on both sides of the conical head, with the emitting end of the laser emitter 12 facing the center of the shaft hole. During assembly, the laser emitter 12 emits a precise laser beam that points directly to the center of the shaft hole. This design provides operators with a highly intuitive visual reference, allowing them to quickly and accurately align the center of the gear shaft with the center of the shaft hole based on the laser beam's indication, greatly improving assembly accuracy. Especially when dealing with large or complex split transmission mechanisms, the introduction of the laser emitter 12 significantly reduces assembly problems caused by human error, ensuring high efficiency and precision in the assembly process. Furthermore, the precise positioning function of the laser emitter 12 further shortens the assembly cycle and improves production efficiency.

[0022] The clamping adapter plate 10 has a mounting screw hole on the side facing the lower housing, corresponding to the lower housing shaft hole position on the lower housing fixing platform 4. A connecting screw 16 is fixedly connected to the outer center of the conical centering clamp 11, and the connecting screw 16 matches the mounting screw hole on the clamping adapter plate 10. When it is necessary to replace or repair the conical centering clamp 11, it can be easily removed from the clamping adapter plate 10 by simply rotating the connecting screw 16. Furthermore, different clamping adapter plates 10 can be replaced according to the different shaft hole positions of the lower housing of different gearbox sizes. This detachable connection method not only improves the maintainability of the tooling but also allows for quick replacement of conical centering clamps 11 of different specifications or shapes according to different assembly requirements, thereby enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the tooling.

[0023] An adapter bolt 17 is inserted through the center of the clamping adapter plate base 10, and the adapter bolt 17, after passing through the clamping adapter plate base 10, is threaded to the end of the inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9. Two symmetrical mating holes are opened on the upper end of the clamping seat 8 corresponding to the two sides of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9. Guide slide rods 13 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the clamping adapter plate base 10 corresponding to the two mating holes. The guide slide rods 13 are movably inserted into the mating holes on the clamping seat 8. The design of the adapter bolt 17 facilitates the installation and disassembly of the clamping adapter plate base 10. Simultaneously, the cooperation between the guide slide rod 13 and the mating holes on the clamping seat 8 provides precise guidance for the movement of the clamping adapter plate base 10, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the cone-shaped centering clamping rod 11 during its movement towards the center. This design not only improves the overall structural strength of the tooling but also further enhances the precision and efficiency of the assembly process.

[0024] An electric rotating single-arm crane 15 is fixedly connected to the center of the back side of the fixed base 1, and the cantilever beam of the electric rotating single-arm crane 15 is set on the upper side of the lower housing fixed platform 4. In workshops without large lifting equipment, the electric rotating single-arm crane 15 greatly facilitates the hoisting of the gearbox upper cover. During assembly, after the gear shaft and gears are installed in the lower housing, the upper cover needs to be hoisted for closing. At this time, the electric rotating single-arm crane 15 can be precisely rotated to the appropriate position, and its cantilever beam can stably support the upper cover and accurately hoist it to the top of the lower housing. Operators only need to simply control the lifting and rotating movements of the electric rotating single-arm crane 15 to easily align and install the upper cover with the lower housing, greatly improving hoisting efficiency and safety. Moreover, the electric rotating single-arm crane 15 has a compact design, does not occupy too much space, and coordinates well with other components of the entire tooling, further optimizing the layout of the assembly site.

[0025] A hydraulic station 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base 1, and the output end of the hydraulic station 14 is connected to the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9 through an oil circuit distribution valve. The cylinder bottom oil inlets of the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 are connected to the oil tank of the hydraulic station 14 through an electromagnetic shut-off valve. As the power core of the entire tooling, the hydraulic station 14 provides stable and sufficient hydraulic power for the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9. Through the oil circuit distribution valve, the hydraulic station 14 can accurately control the extension and retraction of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder 9, realize the precise drive of the cone head centering clamping rod 11, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of shaft hole centering positioning. At the same time, the electromagnetic shut-off valve allows the cylinder bottom oil inlets of the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 to be flexibly connected or disconnected from the oil tank of the hydraulic station 14. When the lower housing's posture needs adjustment, the oil inlet is connected, allowing the movable inner rod to be in a free state, facilitating adaptive adjustment of the lower housing's fixing platform 4 according to the actual posture of the lower housing. After completing the shaft hole alignment and positioning, the oil inlet is disconnected, and the central hydraulic spring support rod 2 and the side hydraulic spring support rod 7 provide stable support force through internal hydraulic oil, ensuring the stability of the lower housing during assembly. This hydraulic control system design not only improves the automation level of the tooling but also significantly enhances the efficiency and precision of the assembly process.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular transmission mechanism assembly and positioning fixture, comprising a fixed base (1), characterized in that, The upper end of the fixed base (1) is fixedly connected to the lower housing fixed platform (4) through the attitude adjustment mechanism, and the gearbox lower housing is fixedly connected to the lower housing fixed platform (4) through the bottom mounting hole by the positioning bolt. The fixed base (1) is provided with a clamping shaft hole centering mechanism on both sides corresponding to the shaft hole positions on both sides of the lower housing. The attitude adjustment mechanism includes a central hydraulic spring support rod (2) fixed at the center of the fixed base (1). The upper end of the movable inner rod of the central hydraulic spring support rod (2) is integrally formed with a docking ball head (3), and the bottom center of the lower box fixed platform (4) is fixedly connected with an adjustment ball socket (5). The adjustment ball socket (5) is sleeved and rotated on the docking ball head (3). The upper end of the fixed base (1) and the bottom of the lower box fixed platform (4) are concentrically installed around the outer side of the central hydraulic spring support rod (2). The multiple pairs of hinge seats (6) are arranged one-to-one. A side hydraulic spring support rod (7) is arranged between the corresponding hinge seats (6). The sleeve and the outer end of the inner rod of the side hydraulic spring support rod (7) are respectively hinged to the hinge seats (6) on both sides. The clamping shaft hole centering mechanism includes a clamping seat (8). The two sides of the fixed base (1) extend outward and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping seat (8). The upper end of the clamping seat (8) is fixedly connected to a clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder (9). The movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder (9) is set towards the center. The inner side of the movable inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to a clamping adapter plate seat (10). The side of the clamping adapter plate seat (10) facing the lower box fixed platform (4) is fixedly installed with a cone-head centering clamping rod (11) corresponding to the shaft hole position of the lower box.

2. The assembly and positioning fixture for a split-type transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cone-shaped centering clamp (11) is a round rod with a frustum-shaped structure facing the center, and the radius of the large end of the frustum of the cone-shaped centering clamp (11) is greater than the inner diameter of the shaft hole of the lower box.

3. The assembly and positioning fixture for a split-type transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the cone-shaped centering clamp (11) are equipped with laser emitters (12), and the emitting ends of the laser emitters (12) are aligned with the center of the shaft hole.

4. The assembly and positioning fixture for a split-type transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping adapter plate seat (10) has a mounting screw hole on the side facing the lower box body corresponding to the lower box body shaft hole position on the lower box body fixing platform (4), and a connecting screw (16) is fixedly connected to the outer end center of the cone head centering clamp rod (11), and the connecting screw (16) matches the mounting screw hole on the clamping adapter plate seat (10).

5. The assembly and positioning fixture for a split-type transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center inner side of the clamping adapter plate seat (10) is provided with an adapter bolt (17), and the adapter bolt (17) is threaded to the end of the inner rod of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder (9) after passing through the clamping adapter plate seat (10). The upper end of the clamping seat (8) is provided with two symmetrical docking holes corresponding to the two sides of the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder (9), and the outer side of the clamping adapter plate seat (10) is fixedly connected with guide slide rods (13) corresponding to the two docking holes. The guide slide rods (13) are movably inserted into the docking holes on the clamping seat (8) facing outward.

6. The assembly and positioning fixture for a split-type transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back center of the fixed base (1) is fixedly connected to an electric rotating single-arm crane (15), and the cantilever beam of the electric rotating single-arm crane (15) is set on the upper side of the lower box fixed platform (4).

7. The assembly and positioning fixture for a split-type transmission mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hydraulic station (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed base (1), and the output end of the hydraulic station (14) is connected to the clamping hydraulic telescopic cylinder (9) through the oil circuit distribution valve. The oil inlet of the central hydraulic spring support rod (2) and the side hydraulic spring support rod (7) is connected to the oil tank of the hydraulic station (14) through the electromagnetic shut-off valve.

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