A device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screw and nut

Abstract

The application provides a device for screw and nut floating adjustment and fixing assembly, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical assembly. The device solves the problems of high labor intensity, difficult operation, low efficiency and low quality consistency in the existing production mode. In the production process, only one operator is needed to use the screw and nut floating adjustment and fixing assembly device for assembly. The screw and nut floating adjustment and fixing assembly device comprises a set of floating mechanism (1), multiple sets of spring pin assemblies (2), a set of profiling seats (3) and a set of fixing seats (4). When working, the profiling seats (3) are used to fix the nuts and flat and elastic washers. The floating mechanism (1) and the spring pin assemblies (2) are used to adjust and align the screw holes. The screw is engaged with the nut along the guiding direction of the spring pin assemblies (2) and is tightened, so that the support assembly is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical assembly technology and relates to a device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts. Background Technology

[0002] Screw and nut assembly is a common process in the machinery industry. When assembling a product bracket, flat washers and spring washers are inserted through the bracket and cylindrical body. Then, flat washers, spring washers, and nuts are added to the other side of the cylindrical body for tightening. Traditional assembly methods require two operators to simultaneously tighten the screws on both sides of the cylindrical body. Because the bracket and cylindrical body are in planar contact, and the bracket is mounted on a central boss on the cylindrical body, the cylindrical body needs to be placed vertically during assembly. Therefore, it is difficult for operators to visually observe and tighten the screws on the other side of the cylindrical body, requiring the operator on the lower side to use a wrench to secure the nut. The entire assembly process involves high difficulty in personnel posture, high labor intensity, and low work efficiency and product quality consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a device for the floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts. Through the rational use of mechanical structure, the nut and flat and spring washers are fixed by the conformal seat, and then the floating mechanism is used to adjust the position of the nut to align with the screw. The spring pin assembly assists in fixing the nut, flat washer, and spring washer and aligning the nut with the screw, and guides the screw to tighten. This device is easy to operate and accurate in alignment, solving the problems of high difficulty and high labor intensity of manual operation, improving assembly efficiency and quality, and reducing the number of operators.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is: A device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts, characterized in that it includes a floating mechanism, multiple sets of spring pin assemblies, and a contour seat; The floating mechanism includes a floating mounting sleeve, a handle, a connecting rod, a floating shaft, and a thrust bearing; The connecting rod is a long rod structure, with its upper end fixedly connected to the contour seat and its lower end fixedly connected to the floating shaft. The floating shaft is vertically inserted into the floating mounting sleeve, with a thrust bearing at each of its upper and lower ends. The floating shaft has a stepped structure, with its upper and lower ends engaging with the thrust bearings and located within the floating mounting sleeve. The axis of the floating shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A radial clearance is left between the inner wall edge of the floating mounting sleeve and the floating shaft, allowing the floating shaft to float in the horizontal plane. The handle is fixed to the middle of the connecting rod. The spring pin assembly includes a sleeve, a shaft, an oil-free bushing, a compression spring, and a cover plate. The sleeve is a cylindrical shell with a stepped cavity inside and a flange structure with mounting holes at the top. The oil-free bushing is fixed inside the sleeve and fits around the outer circumference of the middle section of the shaft, making smooth contact with the shaft. The compression spring is fitted on the outside of the shaft and is located in the sleeve cavity between the lower end of the oil-free bushing and the upper end of the cover plate. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring abut against the stepped surfaces of the shaft and the cover plate, respectively. The cover plate is installed at the lower opening of the sleeve. The upper part of the contouring seat is provided with a contouring cavity that matches the shape of the nut to be assembled, so as to just accommodate the nut; the shaft is coaxial with the contouring cavity and protrudes from the upper end face of the contouring cavity; the contouring seat is fixed on the connecting rod of the floating mechanism; the upper end of the sleeve of the spring pin assembly is fixed to the contouring seat.

[0005] The key inventive concept of this invention is that the floating mechanism 1 enables fine adjustment of the nut's position in the horizontal plane, the spring pin assembly 2 guides the screw and nut to be aligned in the initial stage of assembly and automatically retracts when the screw is screwed in, and the contour seat 3 stabilizes the nut's posture. The three work together to enable the operator to complete the alignment and tightening of the screw and nut on one side in one go.

[0006] The technical effects of this invention are: 1. Ensure assembly quality. The nut, flat washer, and spring washer are fixed by a contour fixing mechanism, the screw and nut are aligned by a floating mechanism, and the screw is tightened by a spring pin, ensuring that the screw will not be misaligned during the assembly process.

[0007] 2. Reduce labor intensity and improve assembly efficiency. During assembly, the alignment of the nut and the part hole can be quickly completed by simply making a small adjustment to the position using the handle on the floating mechanism, which is convenient. The operator only needs to maintain a normal posture. Compared with the conventional screw and nut assembly operation, which requires the operator to use a wrench to fix the nut from below, the labor intensity of the operator is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the screw and nut floating adjustment and fixing assembly device of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the floating mechanism of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the floating mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the spring pin assembly of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the spring pin assembly of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the working operation of the screw and nut floating adjustment and fixing assembly device of the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram, 1: Floating mechanism; 2: Spring pin assembly; 3: Profile seat; 4: Fixed seat; 5: Fastening screw one; 6: Fastening screw two; 7: Floating mounting sleeve; 8: Handle; 9: Connecting rod; 10: Fastening screw three; 11: Floating shaft; 12: Fastening screw four; 13: Thrust bearing; 14: Fastening screw five; 15: Base plate; 16: Sleeve; 17: Fastening screw six; 18: Internally threaded cylindrical pin; 19: Shaft; 20: Oil-free bushing; 21: Compression spring; 22: Cover plate; 23: Hole elastic retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1: A device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts, characterized in that it includes a floating mechanism 1, multiple sets of spring pin assemblies 2, and a contour seat 3; The floating mechanism 1 includes a floating mounting sleeve 7, a handle 8, a connecting rod 9, a floating shaft 11, and a thrust bearing 13; The connecting rod 9 is a long rod structure, with its upper end fixedly connected to the contour seat 3 and its lower end fixedly connected to the floating shaft 11. The floating shaft 11 is vertically inserted into the floating mounting sleeve 7, with a thrust bearing 13 at each of its upper and lower ends. The floating shaft 11 has a stepped structure, with its upper and lower ends engaging with the thrust bearings 13 and located within the floating mounting sleeve 7. The axis of the floating shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 9. A radial gap is left between the inner wall edge of the floating mounting sleeve 7 and the floating shaft 11, allowing the floating shaft 11 to float in the horizontal plane. The handle 8 is fixed to the middle of the connecting rod 9. The spring pin assembly includes a sleeve 16, a shaft 19, an oil-free bushing 20, a compression spring 21, and a cover plate 22. The sleeve 16 is a cylindrical shell with a stepped cavity inside and a flange structure with mounting holes at the top. The oil-free bushing 20 is fixed inside the sleeve 16, fitted around the outer periphery of the middle section of the shaft 19, and in smooth contact with the shaft 19. The compression spring 21 is fitted around the outside of the shaft 19, located in the sleeve cavity between the lower end of the oil-free bushing 20 and the upper end of the cover plate 22. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring 21 abut against the stepped surface of the shaft 19 and the stepped surface of the cover plate 22, respectively. The cover plate 22 is installed at the lower opening of the sleeve 16. The upper part of the contouring seat 3 is provided with a contouring cavity that matches the shape of the nut 6 to be assembled, so as to just accommodate the nut; the shaft 19 is coaxial with the contouring cavity and protrudes from the upper end face of the contouring cavity; the contouring seat 3 is fixed on the connecting rod 9 of the floating mechanism 1; the upper end of the sleeve 16 of the spring pin assembly 2 is fixed to the contouring seat 3.

[0015] Example 2: The floating adjustment and fixing assembly device for screws and nuts mainly consists of one floating mechanism 1, four sets of spring pin assemblies 2, one set of contour base 3, and one set of fixing base 4. The floating adjustment and fixing assembly device for screws and nuts is fixed to the overall worktable by the fixing base 4.

[0016] The floating mechanism 1 consists of a floating mounting sleeve 7, a handle 8, a connecting rod 9, a third fastening screw 10, a floating shaft 11, three fourth fastening screws 12, a thrust bearing 13, a fifth fastening screw 14, and a base plate 15.

[0017] The floating mounting sleeve 7 is a cylindrical shell with three threaded holes at the top and bottom, providing an installation interface for connection with the fixed base 4 and the base plate 15; the handle 8 is a long rod-shaped part with ball grippers at both ends for manual position adjustment; the connecting rod 9 is a long rod structure with a threaded hole at the top for fixed connection with the contour base 3 and a connecting hole at the bottom for fixed connection with the floating shaft 11. The floating shaft 11 has a stepped structure, with the upper and lower ends being sections that mate with the thrust bearing 13. A through hole is opened in the center of the shaft for fixed connection with the connecting rod 9. The base plate 15 is a circular plate-shaped part with a groove in the middle for mate with the thrust bearing 13 and three threaded holes on the edge for fixed connection with the floating mounting sleeve 7. The connecting rod 9 is vertically inserted through the floating shaft 11 and connected by fastening screw three 10. The handle 8 is fixed to the middle of the connecting rod 9 by fastening screw five 14. The floating shaft 11 is vertically inserted into the floating mounting sleeve 7, with one thrust bearing 13 at each of its upper and lower ends. The base plate 15 and the fixed seat 4 are fitted with fastening screw one 5 and fastening screw four 12 to clamp the floating shaft 11 and the thrust bearing 13 in the floating mounting sleeve 7. A radial gap of 3mm is left between the inner wall edge of the floating mounting sleeve 7 and the floating shaft 11 on one side, so that the floating shaft 11 can float with a radius of 3mm in the horizontal plane.

[0018] The spring pin assembly comprises a sleeve 16, four fastening screws 17, two internally threaded cylindrical pins 18, a shaft 19, an oil-free bushing 20, a compression spring 21, a cover plate 22, and an elastic retaining ring 23 for the hole.

[0019] Sleeve 16 is a cylindrical shell with a stepped cavity inside and a flange structure with mounting holes at the top; shaft 19 is a long rod-shaped part with a boss at the bottom for compressing the spring; oil-free bushing 20 is a cylindrical non-metallic part for guiding the fit; compression spring 21 is a helical cylindrical compression spring; cover plate 22 is a plate-shaped part with a boss that fits with the lower end of sleeve 16; and the elastic retaining ring 23 for the hole is an annular elastic part for limiting the lower end of sleeve 16. The oil-free bushing 20 is fixed inside the sleeve 16 and smoothly connected to the shaft 19, ensuring that the shaft 19 slides smoothly along the bushing and reducing direct friction between the shaft 19 and the sleeve 16. The compression spring 21 is sleeved on the outside of the shaft 19 and is located in the sleeve cavity between the lower end of the oil-free bushing 20 and the upper end of the cover plate 22. It generates compression / reset deformation with the axial movement of the shaft 19, providing elastic reset force for the shaft 19. The cover plate 22 is installed at the lower end opening of the sleeve 16, and the hole is sealed by an elastic retaining ring 23 inserted into the groove of the inner wall of the sleeve 16. Two fastening screws 17 pass through the diagonal pin holes of the sleeve 16 and are fastened to two internally threaded cylindrical pins 18. The two internally threaded cylindrical pins 18 are used for guiding and positioning between the spring pin assembly 2 and the contour seat 3, and the other two fastening screws 17 are used for fastening the spring pin assembly 2 and the contour seat 3.

[0020] The contouring seat 3 is an arc-shaped plate-like part with a hexagonal contouring cavity on its upper part that matches the shape of the nut 6 to be assembled, used to accommodate and fix the nut. The contouring seat 3 and the spring pin assembly 2 are guided and positioned by two internally threaded cylindrical pins 18 on the spring pin assembly 2, and then fastened together by two fastening screws 17. Four sets of spring pin assemblies 2 are mounted on one contouring seat 3.

[0021] The spring pin assembly 2 and the contour seat 3 are fixed as a whole to the connecting rod 9 of the floating mechanism 1 by fastening screw 2 6.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to the present invention comprises a floating mechanism 1, four sets of spring pin assemblies 2, a contour seat 3, a fixing seat 4, and related fastening screws. During operation, the contour seat 3 is used to fix the nut and flat / spring washers. The floating mechanism 1 and spring pin assemblies 2 work together to adjust and align the screw holes. The screw engages with the nut along the guiding direction of the spring pin assembly 2 and is tightened, thus completing the bracket assembly.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the floating mechanism 1 is the basis for adjusting the entire device. The floating shaft 11 is installed inside the floating mounting sleeve 7, and the upper and lower thrust bearings 13 are fitted into the designated positions of the floating shaft 11 and placed inside the floating mounting sleeve 7, allowing the floating shaft 11 to rotate smoothly. There is a 3mm single-sided gap between the inner wall edge of the floating mounting sleeve 7 and the floating shaft 11. The operator can push the floating shaft 11 through the handle 8, causing the connecting rod 9 at its upper end and the entire upper assembly to float in the horizontal plane with a radius of 3mm to compensate for the positional deviation between the nut and the screw hole.

[0024] The assembly process is as follows: 1. Place the flat, spring washers and nuts onto the shaft 19 in sequence, and put the nuts into the contour cavity of the contour seat 3.

[0025] 2. Place the cylindrical body and bracket in place, with the screw holes roughly aligned with the top of shaft 19.

[0026] 3. If the initial position is not aligned, the cylindrical body will press down on the top of the shaft 19, causing the shaft 19 to retract downward into the sleeve 16 against the force of the compression spring 21.

[0027] 4. The operator fine-tunes the floating mechanism 1 using handle 8, causing shaft 19 to move horizontally. Observing from the screw hole above, when shaft 19 aligns with the screw hole, it automatically springs into the hole under the action of compression spring 21, completing the alignment.

[0028] 5. Insert the screw into the screw hole from above the cylindrical body. After the lower end of the screw contacts the top of the shaft 19, continue to press the screw down to push the shaft 19 back into the sleeve 16, while the lower end of the screw is guided to align with the nut below.

[0029] 6. Use a tightening tool to rotate the screw, which will smoothly engage with the nut and tighten it to complete the assembly.

[0030] The working process and principle of this invention The operator first places the nut and flat / spring washers onto the shaft 19 and places the nut in the contour cavity of the contour seat 3. After the cylindrical body is mounted, the shaft 19 is pressed into the sleeve 16 of the spring pin assembly 2. The operator manually operates the handle 8 to make the floating mechanism 1 make a small adjustment to the position of the nut, and adjusts the shaft 19 into the screw hole to align the nut with the mounting hole. Then, the screw is inserted into the screw hole, the screw is pressed down, and the shaft 19 is pressed into the sleeve 16 to guide the screw and nut to align and engage. Finally, the screw and nut are tightened.

Claims

1. A device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts, characterized in that, Includes a floating mechanism (1), multiple sets of spring pin assemblies (2), and a contour seat (3); The floating mechanism (1) includes a floating mounting sleeve (7), a handle (8), a connecting rod (9), a floating shaft (11), and a thrust bearing (13). The connecting rod (9) is a long rod structure, with its upper end fixedly connected to the contour seat (3) and its lower end fixedly connected to the floating shaft (11); the floating shaft (11) is vertically inserted into the floating mounting sleeve (7), with a thrust bearing (13) at each of its upper and lower ends; the floating shaft (11) has a stepped structure as a whole, with its upper and lower ends cooperating with the thrust bearings (13) and located inside the floating mounting sleeve (7); the axis of the floating shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (9); a radial gap is left between the inner wall edge of the floating mounting sleeve (7) and the floating shaft (11) so that the floating shaft (11) can float in the horizontal plane; the handle (8) is fixed to the middle of the connecting rod (9); The spring pin assembly includes a sleeve (16), a shaft (19), an oil-free bushing (20), a compression spring (21), and a cover plate (22). The sleeve (16) is a cylindrical shell with a stepped cavity inside and a flange structure with mounting holes at the top. The oil-free bushing (20) is fixed inside the sleeve (16) and fits around the outer periphery of the middle section of the shaft (19), making smooth contact with the shaft (19). The compression spring (21) is fitted around the outside of the shaft (19) and is located in the sleeve cavity between the lower end of the oil-free bushing (20) and the upper end of the cover plate (22). The upper and lower ends of the compression spring (21) abut against the stepped surface of the shaft (19) and the stepped surface of the cover plate (22), respectively. The cover plate (22) is installed at the lower opening of the sleeve (16). The upper part of the contouring seat (3) is provided with a contouring cavity that matches the shape of the nut (6) to be assembled, so as to just accommodate the nut; the shaft (19) is coaxial with the contouring cavity and protrudes from the upper end face of the contouring cavity; the contouring seat (3) is fixed on the connecting rod (9) of the floating mechanism (1); the upper end of the sleeve (16) of the spring pin assembly (2) is fixed between the contouring seat (3) and the contouring seat (3).

2. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base plate (15); the floating mounting sleeve (7) is a cylindrical shell, which is fixedly connected to the base plate (15) at the top and bottom respectively.

3. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed seat (4); the fixed seat (4) is fixed on the workbench; the upper base plate (15) is fixed to the fixed seat (4).

4. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression spring (21) is a helical cylindrical compression spring.

5. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hole elastic retaining ring (23), which is inserted into the inner wall groove under the sleeve (16) cover plate (22) to seal the sleeve cavity.

6. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two fastening screws pass through the diagonal pin holes at the upper end of the sleeve (16) for fastening the spring pin assembly (2) and the profile seat (3); two internally threaded cylindrical pins (18) are used for guiding and positioning the spring pin assembly (2) and the profile seat (3).

7. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Four sets of spring pin assemblies (2) are fitted on a contour base (3).

8. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base plate (15) is a circular plate-shaped part with a groove in the middle that mates with the thrust bearing (13) and threaded holes on the edge for fixed connection with the floating mounting sleeve (7).

9. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contour seat (3) is used to place the fixing nut and flat and spring washers.

10. The device for floating adjustment and fixing assembly of screws and nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A radial gap of 3mm is left between the inner wall edge of the floating mounting sleeve (7) and the floating shaft (11) on one side, so that the floating shaft (11) can float with a radius of 3mm in the horizontal plane.

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