Adjustable double-blade distance pathological biopsy knife

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and provides a pathological sampling knife capable of adjusting the distance between two blades, which comprises a Y-shaped knife handle, an adjusting bolt and a pair of blades, the knife handle is composed of a handle structure and two leg structures; the proximal ends of the two leg structures are jointly movably connected or hinged to the same end of the handle structure, forming a Y-shaped bifurcation; the distal ends of the two leg structures are respectively provided with connecting seats which are hinged to the distal ends of the leg structures; the adjusting bolt is a bidirectional screw rod, the screw threads at the two ends of the adjusting bolt are opposite, the two connecting seats are respectively threadedly matched with the threaded sections at the two ends of the adjusting bolt, and rotating the adjusting bolt can synchronously drive the two connecting seats to slide towards or away from each other, so that the distance between the two blades can be flexibly adjusted according to the required tissue thickness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance. Background Technology

[0002] A pathological scalpel is a tool used by pathologists to collect pathological specimens. It typically consists of a handle and a blade, and is primarily used during surgical specimens or autopsies to cut and sample diseased tissue, obtaining sufficient quantities and sizes of tissue blocks for pathological examination. The blade of the scalpel should be sharp to minimize tissue tearing during cutting, ensuring accuracy and representativeness of the sample. After tissue sampling, the scalpel should be disinfected and sterilized.

[0003] Current standard pathological scalpels have the following prominent drawbacks: 1. Unstable blade fixation: With prolonged use, the blade holder can loosen, potentially causing the blade to shift or even fall off during sampling, significantly increasing the risk of cuts and occupational exposure, while also affecting sampling efficiency and quality; 2. Dangerous loading and unloading: Manually inserting or removing the blade can easily cause cuts, increasing the risk of occupational exposure; 3. Poor thickness consistency: Multiple cuts with a single blade are difficult to make parallel, causing tissue stretching and affecting slide preparation and diagnosis; 4. Ergonomic design flaws: The right-angled handle is prone to fatigue and slippage; 5. Poor corrosion resistance of the handle: The wooden handle peels and accumulates dirt after disinfection, increasing cleaning and maintenance costs.

[0004] The existing technology (CN201520397974.8) adopts a straight-handle double-blade design, which has the following defects: 1. The U-shaped blade holder is similar to that of traditional pathological scalpels, and it still cannot solve the problem of unstable blade fixation, which leads to easy loosening of the blade holder after long-term use, and the blade may loosen or even fall off during sampling; 2. Danger of loading and unloading: inserting and removing the blade by hand can easily cause cuts, increasing the risk of occupational exposure; 3. Ergonomic design defects: the right-angle blade handle is prone to fatigue and slippage; 4. Tissue is easily stretched: although the patented design can adjust the distance between the two blades to obtain tissue blocks of different thicknesses according to actual needs, its straight blade design may still cause tissue stretching when cutting back and forth when encountering hard or calcified tissues, affecting slide preparation and diagnosis.

[0005] The existing technology (CN202322327956.X) adopts a straight-handle double-blade design, which has the following defects: 1. The two blades have grooves, and the distance between the blades is too close, making it difficult to change the blades and increasing the risk of cuts and occupational exposure; 2. The distance between the two blades is limited, which limits the adjustable tissue thickness; 3. Ergonomic design defects: the right-angle handle is prone to fatigue and slippage; 4. Tissue is easily stretched: when encountering hard or calcified tissues, the straight blade design may still cause tissue to be stretched when cutting back and forth, affecting slide preparation and diagnosis.

[0006] The existing technology (CN202323153882.9) adopts a straight-handle double-blade design, which has the following defects: 1. The U-shaped blade holder is similar to that of traditional pathological scalpels, and it still cannot solve the problem of unstable blade fixation, which leads to easy loosening of the blade holder after long-term use, and the blade may loosen or even fall off during sampling; 2. Danger of loading and unloading: inserting and removing the blade by hand can easily cause cuts, increasing the risk of occupational exposure; 3. Ergonomic design defects: the right-angle blade handle is prone to fatigue and slippage; 4. Tissue is easily stretched: although the patented design can adjust the distance between the two blades to obtain tissue blocks of different thicknesses according to actual needs, its straight blade design may still cause tissue stretching when cutting back and forth when encountering hard or calcified tissues, affecting slide preparation and diagnosis.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a design scheme for a pathological sampling knife that features a securely fixed blade, safe loading and unloading, adjustable blade spacing, ergonomic design, and corrosion resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above practical problems and the shortcomings of the existing technology, the main technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-blade distance, which can flexibly adjust the distance between the two blades according to the required tissue thickness; and adopts a circular blade, so that the tissue will not be pulled or damaged during sampling; and the blade is easy to replace.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance, adopting the following technical solution: An adjustable double-blade pathological sampling knife includes a Y-shaped handle, an adjusting bolt, and a pair of blades. The handle consists of a handle structure and two support leg structures. The proximal ends of the two support leg structures are movably connected or hinged to the same end of the handle structure, forming a Y-shaped fork. The distal ends of the two support leg structures are respectively provided with connecting seats, which are hinged to the distal ends of the support leg structures. The adjusting bolt is a bidirectional lead screw with opposite thread directions at both ends. The two connecting seats are threadedly engaged with the threaded sections at both ends of the adjusting bolt. Rotating the adjusting bolt synchronously drives the two connecting seats to slide towards or away from each other.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the pair of blades is a pair of circular blades.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the circular blade is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat via a bearing, and the circular blade and the connecting seat are detachably connected.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the connecting seat is provided with a boss protruding outward along the length direction of the adjusting bolt. The inner side of the outer peripheral surface of the boss is a positioning plane, and the outer side of its outer peripheral surface is provided with a threaded surface. The inner ring of the bearing is installed against the positioning plane. The circular blade is fitted onto the outer ring of the bearing, and the circular blade is axially pressed by tightening a nut onto the threaded surface.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a limiting protrusion is radially protruding on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing outer ring, and a corresponding limiting groove is formed in the center hole of the circular blade. When the circular blade is fitted into the bearing, the limiting protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove to form a radial anti-rotation.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the handle structure is provided with a U-shaped mounting base, and the proximal ends of the two support leg structures are respectively fixed with mutually meshing sector gears; the two sector gears are rotatably mounted in the U-shaped mounting base through the same pin and always remain meshed.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, an adjusting handle is provided at one end of the adjusting bolt, and the outer diameter of the adjusting handle is equal to the outer diameter of the adjusting bolt.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the adjustable grip is provided with an anti-slip pattern.

[0017] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adopting a bidirectional lead screw-connector (connector with built-in thread engagement) synchronous drive, the double-blade spacing can be adjusted steplessly and equally within the range of 0–30mm with just one finger, ensuring uniform slice thickness. At the same time, the lead screw's self-locking feature prevents accidental displacement during the operation, improving the accuracy and safety of the sampling.

[0018] 2. It uses a round blade with a 360° rolling edge. When encountering calcified or tough tissue, it advances in a "sliding cut" manner, avoiding the tearing of traditional straight blades, maintaining tissue integrity, and reducing the force required by the physician. At the same time, the round blade can be quickly disassembled and replaced. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the pathological sampling scalpel in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and usage state of the pathological sampling knife in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a top view of the pathological sampling scalpel in this embodiment and a cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the maximum distance between a pair of blades of the pathological sampling scalpel in this embodiment; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram showing the adjustment of the minimum distance between a pair of blades of the pathological sampling knife in this embodiment.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Handle; 11. Handle structure; 111. U-shaped mounting base; 12. Support leg structure; 121. Sector gear; 13. Connecting seat; 131. Boss; 132. Positioning plane; 133. Threaded surface; 134. Nut; 2. Adjusting bolt; 21. Threaded section; 22. Adjusting handle; 3. Circular blade; 31. Limiting groove; 4. Bearing; 41. Limiting protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped with", "sleeved / connected", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a wall-mounted connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] This embodiment provides a pathological sampling knife with adjustable blade spacing. This design features: 1. Quick and easy blade installation and removal with secure fixation, significantly reducing the risk of cuts during blade changes and occupational exposure; 2. Continuously adjustable blade spacing to ensure uniform slice thickness; 3. A circular cutting edge allows for a "sliding cut" into calcified or hard tissues, avoiding pulling and ensuring the quality of slide preparation and diagnosis; 4. The entire blade is made of medical-grade stainless steel, integrally molded, corrosion-resistant, and easy to sterilize. The handle's curved surface is ergonomically optimized for comfortable, prolonged use without fatigue.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 The material-retrieving knife includes a Y-shaped handle, an adjusting bolt, and a pair of circular blades. The handle consists of a handle structure and two support leg structures. The proximal ends of the two support leg structures are movably connected or hinged to the same end of the handle structure, forming a Y-shaped fork. The distal ends of the two support leg structures are respectively provided with connecting seats, which are hinged to the distal ends of the support leg structures and can swing around the hinge axis. The adjusting bolt is a bidirectional lead screw with opposite thread directions at both ends. The two connecting seats are threaded into the threaded sections at both ends of the adjusting bolt, so that rotating the adjusting bolt synchronously drives the two connecting seats to slide towards or away from each other, thereby adjusting the included angle of the two support leg structures (e.g., ...). Figure 4 , Figure 5 The circular blade is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat via a bearing, and the circular blade and the connecting seat are detachably connected.

[0027] The Y-shaped scalpel handle conforms to three-point grip mechanics, ensuring even pressure distribution on the palm and reducing fatigue during prolonged sampling. It also serves as a depth limiter to prevent overcutting. The adjusting bolt is a two-way screw with both positive and negative threads; a single rotation opens and closes both legs simultaneously, offering stepless adjustment from 0-30mm to accommodate both thin-section biopsies and thick-section resections. The circular blade is mounted via a bearing, allowing the cutting edge to roll freely in the feed direction, preventing dragging of hard tissue or calcifications on the specimen, ensuring a clean cut, and reducing operating force. refer to Figure 3 The specific connection structure of the handle structure and the two support legs is as follows: the end of the handle structure is provided with a U-shaped mounting seat, and the proximal ends of the two support legs are respectively fixed with mutually meshing sector gears to keep the opening and closing angles synchronized. The two sector gears are rotatably installed in the U-shaped mounting seat through the same pin and always remain meshed. When the adjusting bolt is locked, the meshing sector gears form a reverse self-locking, and the included angle of the two support legs is instantly fixed. The physician can press down the handle with one hand while the distance between the two blades remains unchanged, improving cutting stability and operational safety. The physician can hold the handle steadily with one hand to complete cutting and sampling.

[0028] refer to Figure 1The circular blade is detachably connected to the connecting seat. A boss protrudes outward along the length of the adjusting bolt from the outer side of the connecting seat (i.e., the side located on the outer side along the length of the adjusting bolt). The inner side of the outer circumferential surface of the boss is a positioning plane, and the outer side of its outer circumferential surface is a threaded surface. The inner ring of the bearing is installed against the positioning plane. The circular blade is fitted onto the outer ring of the bearing, and a nut is tightened onto the threaded surface to axially press the circular blade in place (e.g., ...). Figure 2 This allows for quick one-handed disassembly; the boss has a threaded hole coaxially at its center for threaded engagement with the adjusting bolt.

[0029] Furthermore, a limiting protrusion is radially protruding on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing outer ring, and a corresponding limiting groove is opened in the center hole of the circular blade. When the circular blade is fitted into the bearing, the limiting protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove to form a radial anti-rotation, ensuring that the circular blade rotates synchronously with the bearing, preventing slippage, eliminating free rotation or eccentricity, improving the flatness of the cut, and extending the bearing life.

[0030] To facilitate manual rotation of the adjusting bolt, an adjusting handle is provided at one end of the adjusting bolt. The outer diameter of the adjusting handle is equal to the outer diameter of the adjusting bolt, which facilitates the unscrewing of the nut to install or remove the circular blade. The surface of the adjusting handle is provided with an anti-slip pattern, which facilitates finger gripping and force application, improving anti-slip properties and rotation efficiency during operation.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the design concept of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present utility model using this concept shall be deemed as an infringement of the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance, characterized in that: The tool includes a Y-shaped handle, an adjusting bolt, and a pair of blades. The handle consists of a handle structure and two support leg structures. The proximal ends of the two support leg structures are movably connected or hinged to the same end of the handle structure, forming a Y-shaped fork. The distal ends of the two support leg structures are respectively provided with connecting seats, which are hinged to the distal ends of the support leg structures. The adjusting bolt is a two-way lead screw with opposite thread directions at both ends. The two connecting seats are threadedly engaged with the threaded sections at both ends of the adjusting bolt. Rotating the adjusting bolt synchronously drives the two connecting seats to slide towards or away from each other.

2. The pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pair of blades are a pair of circular blades.

3. The pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circular blade is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat via a bearing, and the circular blade and the connecting seat are detachably connected.

4. A pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer side of the connecting seat has a boss protruding outward along the length of the adjusting bolt. The inner side of the outer circumferential surface of the boss is a positioning plane, and the outer side of its outer circumferential surface is a threaded surface. The inner ring of the bearing is installed against the positioning plane. The circular blade is fitted onto the outer ring of the bearing, and the circular blade is axially pressed by tightening the nut onto the threaded surface.

5. A pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the bearing outer ring is radially protruded with a limiting protrusion, and the center hole of the circular blade is correspondingly provided with a limiting groove. When the circular blade is fitted into the bearing, the limiting protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove to form a radial anti-rotation.

6. The pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle structure is provided with a U-shaped mounting base at its end, and the two support leg structures are respectively fixed with meshing sector gears at their proximal ends; the two sector gears are rotatably mounted in the U-shaped mounting base through the same pin and always remain meshed.

7. The pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting handle is provided at one end of the adjusting bolt, and the outer diameter of the adjusting handle is equal to the outer diameter of the adjusting bolt.

8. A pathological sampling knife with adjustable double-edged distance according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the adjustable grip is provided with an anti-slip pattern.

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