A drilling fixture applied to high-precision PCBs

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of drilling fixture applied to high-precision PCB, belong to circuit board processing technical field, and its technical scheme main points include workbench, clamping mechanism is set in the rear side of workbench top, scrap blowing mechanism is welded in the left side of workbench top, the scrap blowing mechanism includes mounting plate, air outlet, shunt pipe, connecting pipe, high-pressure air pump and PLC controller, the mounting plate is welded in the left side of workbench top, the airflow generated in high-pressure air pump in scrap blowing mechanism is conveyed to horn air outlet by connecting pipe, shunt pipe, can expand airflow coverage, quickly blow off copper scrap, resin scrap and other impurities generated in drilling process, avoid that scrap is accumulated in drilling area or PCB surface, reduce the abrasion to drill bit and plate piece, by PLC controller linkage gas flow regulating valve, can be according to PCB board material, drilling aperture and depth flexible adjustment airflow pressure and flow, adapt to different processing scene requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of circuit board processing technology, and in particular to a drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs. Background Technology

[0002] PCB drilling fixtures are positioning and fixing devices specifically used in the PCB drilling process. Their core function is to ensure that the PCB is accurately positioned and stable during drilling, avoiding problems such as hole diameter deviation, hole misalignment, and board damage caused by vibration and displacement, and ultimately meeting the PCB's drilling accuracy requirements.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing patents have provided solutions. However, existing PCB drilling jigs lack a structure for blowing away debris during drilling. As a result, impurities such as copper shavings and resin debris generated during drilling cannot be discharged in a timely manner, accumulating in large quantities in the drilling area and on the PCB surface. These accumulated debris will rub against the high-speed rotating drill bit, which will not only accelerate the wear of the drill bit and shorten its service life, but may also cause the drill bit to wobble due to uneven force, thereby reducing the accuracy of the drill hole diameter.

[0004] To address this, a drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs, which solves the problem that existing PCB processing lacks a structure for blowing away debris during drilling. This results in the inability to remove impurities such as copper shavings and resin debris generated during drilling, which accumulate in large quantities in the drilling area and on the PCB surface. These accumulated debris rub against the high-speed rotating drill bit, which not only accelerates the wear of the drill bit and shortens its service life, but may also cause the drill bit to wobble due to uneven force, thereby reducing the accuracy of the drilled hole diameter.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs, comprising a worktable, a clamping mechanism on the rear side of the top of the worktable, and a chip blowing mechanism welded to the left side of the top of the worktable. The chip blowing mechanism includes a mounting plate, an air inlet, a distribution pipe, a connecting pipe, a high-pressure air pump, and a PLC controller. The mounting plate is welded to the left side of the top of the worktable, the air inlet is welded to the right side of the mounting plate, the distribution pipe is fixedly connected to the left side of the mounting plate, the distribution pipe passes through the mounting plate and extends to the inside of the air inlet, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution pipe, the high-pressure air pump is installed at the bottom of the worktable, the right side of the bottom of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the left side of the high-pressure air pump, the PLC controller is installed at the front of the worktable, and a placement plate is welded to the top of the worktable.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a slide groove, a lead screw, a mounting groove, a servo motor, a threaded sleeve, a support shell, a threaded rod, a stepper motor, a lifting plate, two spring telescopic rods, a pressing plate, and a contact plate, wherein the slide groove is formed on the rear side of the top of the worktable.

[0008] Preferably, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner side of the slide groove, and the right side of the lead screw and the top of the threaded rod are both connected to a connecting shaft via a flat key. The mounting groove is opened on the right side of the rear side of the top of the worktable. The servo motor is installed inside the mounting groove. The output end of the left side of the servo motor passes through the mounting groove and is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting shaft. The threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw and the surface of the threaded rod respectively, and the support shell is welded to the top of the threaded sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support shell, the stepper motor is mounted on the top of the support shell, the output end of the stepper motor at the bottom passes through the support shell and is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft, the lifting plate is welded to the front side of the threaded sleeve, the spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front side and the inner side of the rear side of the lifting plate respectively, the pressing plate is welded to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod, and the contact plate is welded to the left side of the pressing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the inner side of the contact plate is provided with a plurality of openings and clearance holes, and the inner side of the openings and clearance holes is coated with an anti-stick coating.

[0011] Preferably, a protective pad is provided on the top surface of the placement plate, and the surface of the protective pad is engraved with anti-slip texture.

[0012] Preferably, a gas flow regulating valve is installed at the connection between the high-pressure air pump and the connecting pipe, and the surface of the gas flow regulating valve is coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0013] Preferably, the spring telescopic rod includes an outer sleeve, an inner telescopic rod, and a spring, wherein the inner telescopic rod can slide within the outer sleeve.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. The clamping mechanism of this application uses a servo motor to drive the lead screw, which, together with the threaded sleeve in the slide groove, allows for the adjustment of the lateral displacement of the clamping component, adapting to PCBs of different widths. The stepper motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, controlling the height of the lifting plate to meet the clamping requirements of PCBs of different thicknesses. The dual adjustment ensures the positioning accuracy of the PCB. At the same time, a spring telescopic rod is used to connect the lifting plate and the pressing plate. While providing stable clamping force, the spring's buffering effect avoids rigid pressure from causing deformation or indentation of the PCB, effectively protecting the surface of the board and the internal circuitry. 2. The airflow generated by the high-pressure air pump in the chip blowing mechanism of this application is delivered to the trumpet-shaped air diffuser through the connecting pipe and the split pipe, which can expand the airflow coverage and quickly blow away impurities such as copper chips and resin debris generated during the drilling process, avoiding the accumulation of debris in the drilling area or PCB surface, reducing wear on the drill bit and board. Through the PLC controller linked with the gas flow regulating valve, the airflow pressure and flow can be flexibly adjusted according to the PCB material, drilling diameter and depth to adapt to the needs of different processing scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the drilling fixture of this utility model applied to high-precision PCBs; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air inlet of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure air pump of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting plate of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support shell of this utility model; Figure 6 This utility model Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0016] In the diagram, 1. Workbench; 2. Clamping mechanism; 201. Slide groove; 202. Lead screw; 203. Mounting slot; 204. Servo motor; 205. Threaded sleeve; 206. Support shell; 207. Threaded rod; 208. Stepper motor; 209. Lifting plate; 210. Spring telescopic rod; 211. Pressing plate; 212. Contact plate; 3. Chip blowing mechanism; 301. Mounting plate; 302. Air vent; 303. Diverter pipe; 304. Connecting pipe; 305. High-pressure air pump; 306. PLC controller; 4. Placement plate; 5. Opening clearance hole; 6. Protective pad; 7. Gas flow regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-6 The present invention provides the following technical solution: A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs includes a worktable 1. A clamping mechanism 2 is provided on the rear side of the top of the worktable 1. A chip blowing mechanism 3 is welded to the left side of the top of the worktable 1. The chip blowing mechanism 3 includes a mounting plate 301, an air inlet 302, a diverter pipe 303, a connecting pipe 304, a high-pressure air pump 305, and a PLC controller 306. The mounting plate 301 is welded to the left side of the top of the worktable 1, the air inlet 302 is welded to the right side of the mounting plate 301, the diverter pipe 303 is fixedly connected to the left side of the mounting plate 301, the diverter pipe 303 passes through the mounting plate 301 and extends to the inside of the air inlet 302, the connecting pipe 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the diverter pipe 303, the high-pressure air pump 305 is installed at the bottom of the worktable 1, the right side of the bottom of the connecting pipe 304 is fixedly connected to the left side of the high-pressure air pump 305, the PLC controller 306 is installed at the front of the worktable 1, and a placement plate 4 is welded to the top of the worktable 1.

[0019] In this embodiment: the workbench 1 supports and limits the placement plate 4, clamping mechanism 2, and chip removal mechanism 3. The placement plate 4 ensures the flatness of the PCB board during placement, preventing the PCB board from tilting due to uneven placement surface, which would affect drilling accuracy. The mounting plate 301 provides stable mounting support for the air vent 302 and the diversion pipe 303. The air vent 302 adopts a trumpet-shaped structure design, which can diffuse the high-pressure airflow delivered by the diversion pipe 303, expand the airflow coverage, and improve the chip removal efficiency. The diversion pipe 303 can evenly distribute the airflow delivered by the connecting pipe 304. The airflow is distributed to the expansion port 302 to ensure stable airflow and uniform pressure. The connecting pipe 304 serves as the connection channel between the high-pressure air pump 305 and the diverter pipe 303, which can stably deliver high-pressure airflow. The high-pressure air pump 305 provides high-pressure airflow power to the chip blowing mechanism 3, which can generate stable high-pressure airflow to quickly blow away impurities such as copper chips and resin debris, preventing debris from scratching the PCB board surface or embedding into the inner wall of the drilled hole, thus reducing the product defect rate. The PLC controller 306 can control the high-pressure air pump 305, the gas flow regulating valve 7, the servo motor 204, and the stepper motor 208.

[0020] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a slide 201, a lead screw 202, a mounting groove 203, a servo motor 204, a threaded sleeve 205, a support shell 206, a threaded rod 207, a stepper motor 208, a lifting plate 209, two spring telescopic rods 210, a pressing plate 211, and a contact plate 212. The slide 201 is located on the rear side of the top of the worktable 1.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the lead screw 202 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the slide groove 201. The right side of the lead screw 202 and the top of the threaded rod 207 are both connected to the connecting shaft by a flat key. The mounting groove 203 is opened on the right side of the rear top of the worktable 1. The servo motor 204 is installed inside the mounting groove 203. The output end of the left side of the servo motor 204 passes through the mounting groove 203 and is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting shaft. The threaded sleeve 205 is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw 202 and the surface of the threaded rod 207 respectively. The support shell 206 is welded to the top of the threaded sleeve 205.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the threaded rod 207 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support shell 206, the stepper motor 208 is installed on the top of the support shell 206, the output end of the bottom of the stepper motor 208 passes through the support shell 206 and is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft, the lifting plate 209 is welded to the front side of the threaded sleeve 205, the spring telescopic rod 210 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front side and the inner side of the rear side of the lifting plate 209 respectively, the pressing plate 211 is welded to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod 210, and the contact plate 212 is welded to the left side of the pressing plate 211.

[0023] In this embodiment: by setting the slide groove 201 as the installation and motion guide structure for the lead screw 202 and the threaded sleeve 205, the movement trajectory of the threaded sleeve 205 can be effectively restricted. The lead screw 202 can convert the rotational motion of the servo motor 204 into the linear motion of the threaded sleeve 205. The mounting groove 203 provides embedded installation space for the servo motor 204, allowing the servo motor 204 to be installed in a recessed manner. The servo motor 204 can achieve speed and direction control through the PLC controller 306, thereby adjusting the moving speed and position of the threaded sleeve 205. The threaded sleeve 205 on the surface of the lead screw 202 can drive the support shell 206 to move laterally, while the threaded sleeve 205 on the surface of the threaded rod 207 can drive the lifting plate 209 to move up and down. The support shell 206 can support and limit the threaded rod 207 and the stepper motor 208. The threaded rod 207 and the threaded sleeve 205 cooperate to convert the rotational motion of the stepper motor 208 into the lifting motion of the lifting plate 209. The stepper motor 208 can be controlled by the PLC controller 306 to rotate a number of steps, thereby adjusting the lifting height of the lifting plate 209 to meet the clamping requirements of PCB boards of different thicknesses. The lifting plate 209 serves as the mounting carrier for the spring telescopic rod 210. Its surface is flat and rigid, ensuring that the two spring telescopic rods 210 are installed in symmetrical positions, so that the pressure plate 211 is subjected to uniform force. When the pressure plate 211 contacts the PCB board, the spring telescopic rod 210 can provide a stable and gentle clamping force to the PCB board through the elastic force generated by the spring compression, avoiding rigid clamping that could cause deformation or surface scratches to the PCB board. The clamping component that directly contacts the PCB board on the pressure plate 211 has a flat bottom and is made of wear-resistant and scratch-resistant material, which can make uniform contact with the PCB board surface and avoid excessive local pressure that could damage the PCB board. The contact plate 212, in conjunction with the pressure of the pressure plate 211, further improves the positioning stability of the PCB board and prevents lateral displacement of the PCB board during drilling.

[0024] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inner side of the contact plate 212 is provided with a number of openings and clearance holes 5, and the inner side of the openings and clearance holes 5 is coated with an anti-stick coating.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a protective pad 6 is fitted on the top surface of the placement plate 4, and the surface of the protective pad 6 is engraved with anti-slip texture.

[0026] In this embodiment: by setting the opening clearance hole 5, the drilling path of the drill bit can be avoided, preventing the contact plate 212 from colliding with the high-speed rotating drill bit, preventing drill bit wear, breakage or damage to the contact plate 212, and ensuring a continuous and smooth drilling process. By setting the anti-stick coating, the probability of copper shavings, resin debris and other impurities adhering to the hole wall can be greatly reduced. By setting the protective pad 6, surface scratches and edge damage caused by small protrusions or vibrations on the surface of the placement plate 4 during the placement, clamping or drilling process of the PCB board can be avoided. By setting the anti-slip texture, the friction between the PCB board and the protective pad 6 is increased.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, a gas flow regulating valve 7 is installed at the connection between the high-pressure air pump 305 and the connecting pipe 304, and the surface of the gas flow regulating valve 7 is coated with anti-corrosion paint.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the spring telescopic rod 210 includes an outer sleeve, an inner telescopic rod, and a spring, and the inner telescopic rod can slide inside the outer sleeve.

[0029] In this embodiment: by setting the gas flow regulating valve 7, the gas flow rate and pressure can be steplessly regulated by the PLC controller 306. The operator can flexibly adjust the parameters according to the PCB board material and the drilling diameter. By setting the anti-corrosion coating, the corrosion of the valve body by water vapor in the air and corrosive debris generated by drilling can be effectively isolated, avoiding rust and jamming of the valve core inside the valve, and ensuring that the regulation function is accurate and reliable for a long time.

[0030] Working principle: First, the operator places the PCB board to be processed on the placement plate 4. Then, the PLC controller 306 sends a command to the servo motor 204. The servo motor 204 rotates and drives the lead screw 202 to rotate inside the slide groove 201 through the connecting shaft. Due to the precise fit between the lead screw 202 and the threaded sleeve 205, the rotational motion of the lead screw 202 is converted into the linear motion of the threaded sleeve 205. The threaded sleeve 205 drives the top-welded support shell 206 to move laterally along the slide groove 201 until the contact plate 212 below the support shell 206 is in contact with the side of the PCB board. Then, the PLC controller 306 continues to send commands to the stepper motor 208. Upon receiving a command, the stepper motor 208 rotates and drives the threaded rod 207 to rotate inside the support housing 206 via the connecting shaft. The threaded rod 207, in conjunction with the threaded sleeve 205, converts the rotational motion into the longitudinal lifting motion of the lifting plate 209. The lifting plate 209 drives the bottom-connected spring telescopic rod 210 and the pressing plate 211 to descend synchronously until the pressing plate 211 contacts the top surface of the PCB board. At this point, the inner telescopic rod inside the spring telescopic rod 210 contracts within the outer sleeve, compressing the spring and generating elastic force. This force is applied to the PCB board by the pressing plate 211, providing a stable and gentle clamping force. Afterward, the operator adjusts the clamping force according to the PCB board material and drilling hole diameter parameters. The PLC controller 306 adjusts the gas flow regulating valve 7 at the connection between the high-pressure air pump 305 and the connecting pipe 304 to set appropriate airflow pressure and flow rate. Then, the high-pressure air pump 305 is started. The high-pressure airflow generated by the high-pressure air pump 305 is delivered to the distribution pipe 303 via the connecting pipe 304. The distribution pipe 303 evenly distributes the airflow and delivers it to the air diffuser 302. The air diffuser 302 expands the airflow coverage area through its trumpet-shaped structure, guiding the high-pressure airflow to the drilling area of ​​the PCB board. This promptly removes impurities such as copper shavings and resin debris generated during drilling, preventing debris accumulation that could scratch the PCB board surface or embed in the inner wall of the drill hole. Simultaneously, the contact plate 2... The inner opening 5 of the contact plate 212 avoids the drilling path of the drill bit, preventing interference between the contact plate 212 and the high-speed rotating drill bit. Finally, after the drilling operation is completed, the operator sends reverse operation commands to the stepper motor 208 and the servo motor 204 in sequence through the PLC controller 306. The stepper motor 208 drives the lifting plate 209 to rise, the pressing plate 211 separates from the PCB board, the servo motor 204 drives the support shell 206 to reset, the contact plate 212 is released from the PCB board, the clamping of the PCB board is released, the operator removes the processed PCB board, the PLC controller 306 turns off the high-pressure air pump 305, and the entire drilling process ends.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs, comprising a worktable (1), characterized in that: A clamping mechanism (2) is provided on the rear side of the top of the workbench (1). A chip blowing mechanism (3) is welded to the left side of the top of the workbench (1). The chip blowing mechanism (3) includes a mounting plate (301), an air inlet (302), a diverter pipe (303), a connecting pipe (304), a high-pressure air pump (305), and a PLC controller (306). The mounting plate (301) is welded to the left side of the top of the workbench (1), the air inlet (302) is welded to the right side of the mounting plate (301), and the diverter pipe (303) is fixedly connected to... On the left side of the mounting plate (301), the diversion pipe (303) passes through the mounting plate (301) and extends to the inside of the air inlet (302). The connecting pipe (304) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the diversion pipe (303). The high-pressure air pump (305) is installed at the bottom of the workbench (1). The right side of the bottom of the connecting pipe (304) is fixedly connected to the left side of the high-pressure air pump (305). The PLC controller (306) is installed on the front side of the workbench (1). The top of the workbench (1) is welded with a placement plate (4).

2. The drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (2) includes a slide (201), a lead screw (202), a mounting groove (203), a servo motor (204), a threaded sleeve (205), a support shell (206), a threaded rod (207), a stepper motor (208), a lifting plate (209), two spring telescopic rods (210), a pressing plate (211), and a contact plate (212). The slide (201) is located on the rear side of the top of the workbench (1).

3. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (202) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the slide groove (201). The right side of the lead screw (202) and the top of the threaded rod (207) are both connected to a connecting shaft by a flat key. The mounting groove (203) is opened on the right side of the rear top of the workbench (1). The servo motor (204) is installed inside the mounting groove (203). The output end of the left side of the servo motor (204) passes through the mounting groove (203) and is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting shaft. The threaded sleeve (205) is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw (202) and the surface of the threaded rod (207) respectively. The support shell (206) is welded to the top of the threaded sleeve (205).

4. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The threaded rod (207) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support shell (206). The stepper motor (208) is installed on the top of the support shell (206). The output end of the bottom of the stepper motor (208) passes through the support shell (206) and is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft. The lifting plate (209) is welded to the front side of the threaded sleeve (205). The spring telescopic rod (210) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front side and the inner side of the rear side of the lifting plate (209) respectively. The pressing plate (211) is welded to the bottom of the spring telescopic rod (210). The contact plate (212) is welded to the left side of the pressing plate (211).

5. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the contact plate (212) is provided with a plurality of opening clearance holes (5), and the inner side of the opening clearance holes (5) is coated with an anti-stick coating.

6. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the placement plate (4) is covered with a protective pad (6), and the surface of the protective pad (6) is engraved with anti-slip texture.

7. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas flow regulating valve (7) is installed at the connection between the high-pressure air pump (305) and the connecting pipe (304), and the surface of the gas flow regulating valve (7) is coated with anti-corrosion paint.

8. A drilling fixture for high-precision PCBs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring telescopic rod (210) includes an outer sleeve, an inner telescopic rod, and a spring, and the inner telescopic rod can slide inside the outer sleeve.

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