Phase change composite fireproof cloth

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of phase change composite fireproof cloth, including first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer, first fire-retardant water-absorbing felt layer, heat exchange circulation layer, second fire-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and second silicon-titanium fireproof layer, heat exchange circulation layer is clamped between first fire-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and second fire-retardant water-absorbing felt layer, first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer,second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer are respectively located first fire-retardant water-absorbing felt layer, second fire-retardant water-absorbing felt layer side away from heat exchange circulation layer, the upper and lower ends of heat exchange circulation layer are respectively equipped with liquid inlet and liquid outlet. Through the capillary action of fire-retardant water-absorbing felt and the rapid circulation of condensing agent or cooling liquid in heat exchange circulation layer, phase change occurs, heat on silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer is quickly taken away to realize cooling, so that fireproof cloth can reflect most of heat radiation while being high-temperature resistant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fireproof materials, and in particular to a phase change composite fireproof cloth. Background Technology

[0002] Fire-resistant materials have stringent requirements for fire resistance, long-term ultra-high temperature insulation, and smoke blocking performance, making them crucial for ensuring personnel safety. Experiments have shown that fire-resistant materials must possess these comprehensive properties to achieve significant protective effects during fire rescue or self-rescue.

[0003] However, traditional fireproof materials have many problems: ordinary fireproof cloth is fire-resistant but has poor heat insulation at high temperatures over a long period of time; some heat insulation materials are flammable when exposed to fire and cannot block fire; and some cannot block smoke, exposing people to the threat of toxic gases.

[0004] Therefore, how to make fireproof cloth not only flame-retardant but also heat-insulating and smoke-blocking has become a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address one of the above-mentioned defects and provide a phase change composite fireproof cloth.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following means: A phase change composite fireproof cloth includes a first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer, a first flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer, a heat exchange circulation layer, a second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer, and a second silicon-titanium fireproof layer. The heat exchange circulation layer is sandwiched between the first flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer. The first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer and the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer are respectively located on the side of the first flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer away from the heat exchange circulation layer. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange circulation layer are respectively provided with liquid inlet and liquid outlet. The condensate or coolant entering the heat exchange circulation layer carries away the heat of the first flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer from top to bottom under the capillary action of the first flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer, which is disposed on the side of the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer away from the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer is a high-silica nano-sealing coating.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer and the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer are hot-pressed together with hot melt adhesive, and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer are hot-pressed together with hot melt adhesive.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Through the capillary action of the flame-retardant absorbent felt and the rapid circulation of condensate or coolant in the heat exchange circulation layer, a phase change occurs, quickly removing heat from the silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer to achieve cooling, enabling the fireproof cloth to reflect most of the heat radiation while remaining resistant to high temperatures. 2. By using a high-silica nano-sealing coating as a smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer, its dense structure can block moisture, toxic fumes, dust, and other impurities, ensuring the stability of the performance of each layer of materials. At the same time, the high-silica material has extremely high high-temperature resistance and chemical stability, providing reliable sealing under high pressure during fires, further improving the overall performance of the composite fireproof cloth. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-First silicon-titanium fireproof layer; 2-First flame-retardant water-absorbing layer; 3-Heat exchange circulation layer; 4-Second flame-retardant water-absorbing layer; 5-Second silicon-titanium fireproof layer; 6-High silicon-oxygen sealing coating; 7-Liquid inlet; 8-Liquid outlet; 9-Cooling pipe; 10-Water collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] To facilitate understanding, the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific implementation examples, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses a phase change composite fireproof cloth, including a first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1, a first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2, a heat exchange circulation layer 3, a second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4, a second silicon-titanium fireproof layer, and a smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer. The heat exchange circulation layer 3 is sandwiched between the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2 and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4. The first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1 and the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 5 are respectively located on the side of the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2 and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4 away from the heat exchange circulation layer 3. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange circulation layer 3 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet 7 and a liquid outlet 8. The liquid inlet 7 is connected to a cooling pipe 9. The coolant entering the heat exchange circulation layer 3 carries away the heat of the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2 and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4 from top to bottom under the capillary action of the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2 and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4. The water that has completed the heat exchange flows into the water collection tank 10 from the liquid outlet.

[0015] The scientific name for flame-retardant absorbent felt is "non-woven flame-retardant absorbent felt fabric." Its core characteristics lie in its flame retardancy and absorbency. Flame retardancy is achieved by adding flame-retardant fibers or using flame-retardant finishing processes, giving the material flame-retardant properties. Absorbency relies on the hydrophilic groups or structural pores of the fibers themselves to achieve water absorption; some flame-retardant absorbent felts enhance their performance by adding superabsorbent fibers. It has a non-woven structure, employing a thermal bonding process—a non-traditional textile technique—to directly reinforce the fibers into fabric, eliminating the need for spinning and weaving.

[0016] In addition to rapidly cooling down using capillary action, the first flame-retardant absorbent felt layer 2 and the second flame-retardant absorbent felt layer 4 can also filter dust particles using their pores.

[0017] Silicon-titanium fireproof cloth possesses excellent high-temperature resistance. It can maintain its structural integrity for extended periods in high-temperature flame environments, resisting combustion, melting, or embrittlement. Its unique silicon-titanium composite fiber structure (typically a SiO2-TiO2 composite) endows the material with good thermal stability and chemical inertness, effectively resisting the erosion of most acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, and continuously providing fireproof and heat insulation functions in complex industrial environments. Furthermore, the material has a low surface energy, exhibiting hydrophobic and anti-fouling properties, reducing the adhesion of dust and oil, and helping to maintain performance stability during long-term use.

[0018] In this embodiment, water is used as the condenser. When the first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1 is exposed to high temperature, the water close to the first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1 is rapidly vaporized and undergoes a phase change due to the capillary action of the flame-retardant water-absorbing felt. The water circulates through the heat exchange circulation layer 3, quickly carrying away the heat on the silicon-titanium fireproof cloth to achieve cooling.

[0019] A smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer is disposed on the side of the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 5 away from the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer 4. Specifically, the smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer is a high-silica nano-sealing coating 6. The first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1 and the first flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer 2 are hot-pressed together with hot melt adhesive, and the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer 4 and the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 5 are hot-pressed together with hot melt adhesive. In this embodiment, the hot melt adhesive is food-grade polyurethane hot melt adhesive (PU). In this embodiment, the first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1 serves as the outermost layer of the composite fireproof cloth, while the high-silica nano-sealing coating 6 serves as the innermost layer. The high-silica nano-sealing coating 6 functions as a sealant and protectant. It tightly covers the surface of the composite fireproof cloth, preventing moisture, toxic fumes, dust, and other impurities from entering the cabin, ensuring the stability of the performance of each layer of materials. The high-silica nanomaterials possess extremely high high-temperature resistance and chemical stability, enabling reliable sealing under high fire pressure, further improving the overall performance of the composite fireproof cloth.

[0020] The interlayer structure and material parameters are shown in the table below: The manufacturing process of fireproof cloth is as follows: 1. Remove surface impurities from the first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 1, the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2, the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 5, and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4; 2. Staged hot-pressing composite: The first part (first layer to second layer) uses food-grade polyurethane hot melt adhesive (PU) to composite the first layer (first silicon titanium fireproof cloth layer 1) and the second layer (first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2). The hot-pressing temperature is 120±5℃, the pressure is 0.8MPa, and the pressure holding time is 15s, forming an integrated structure of "fireproof-liquid absorption-flow guiding". Part Two (Layers 4 to 6): The fourth layer (second flame-retardant absorbent felt layer 4) and the fifth layer (second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 5) are laminated using food-grade polyurethane hot melt adhesive (PU). High-silica nanomaterials are coated on the side of the fifth layer (second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer 5) away from the fourth layer (second flame-retardant absorbent felt layer 4) to form the sixth layer (high-silica nano sealing coating 6). The hot pressing temperature is 150±5℃, the pressure is 1.2MPa, and the holding time is 20s, thus constructing a high-sealing system of "liquid absorption-fireproofing-flow diversion-smoke blocking".

[0021] 3. Sew the edges between the first part and the second part together. The pores between the second layer (first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 2) and the fourth layer (second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer 4) form a heat exchange circulation layer 3. Liquid inlet 7 and liquid outlet 8 are left at the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange circulation layer 3, respectively.

[0022] This utility model adopts a six-layer gradient functional composite design, integrating fireproof, high temperature resistance, heat insulation and smoke blocking functions into one, which greatly improves fireproof performance. The composite fireproof cloth can withstand 850℃ for a long time and can withstand high temperature impact of up to 1350℃. It has a long service life and meets a variety of high temperature protection needs.

[0023] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase change composite fireproof cloth, characterized in that, It includes a first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer, a first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer, a heat exchange circulation layer, a second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer, and a second silicon-titanium fireproof layer. The heat exchange circulation layer is sandwiched between the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer. The first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer and the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer are respectively located on the side of the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer away from the heat exchange circulation layer. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange circulation layer are respectively provided with liquid inlet and liquid outlet. The condensate or coolant entering the heat exchange circulation layer carries away the heat of the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer from top to bottom under the capillary action of the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer.

2. The phase change composite fireproof cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer, which is disposed on the side of the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer away from the second flame-retardant and water-absorbing felt layer.

3. The phase change composite fireproof cloth according to claim 2, characterized in that, The smoke-blocking and heat-insulating layer is a high-silica nano-sealing coating.

4. The phase change composite fireproof cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer and the first flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer are hot-pressed together with hot melt adhesive, and the second flame-retardant water-absorbing felt layer and the second silicon-titanium fireproof cloth layer are hot-pressed together with hot melt adhesive.

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