K-type ore hopper car

Abstract

The utility model discloses a K type ore hopper car belongs to railway infrastructure technical field, is applicable to ballast loading and unloading operation of railway line in factory area. The car includes the car box, and the lower part of car box side board is equipped with the side beam, and the both sides of car box bottom plate are equipped with the first opening with the first hopper at intervals, and the first hopper is equipped with the side opening and the gate driven by the first hydraulic cylinder, and the gate periphery has the flow guide bucket, and the middle part of car box bottom plate is equipped with the second opening with the second hopper at intervals, and the second hopper is equipped with the bottom opening and the sealing plate driven by the second hydraulic cylinder, and the car box bottom plate is equipped with the control box containing hydraulic system and power supply device. The utility model can realize the accurate unloading of ballast to the side of steel rail and the track center, and can minimize the influence of raw material gravity in the carriage on the opening and closing of the unloading door, solve the problems of the inconsistent unloading position of traditional hopper car, the need for manual secondary transfer of ballast, the large driving force requirement of the unloading door and the difficulty in controlling the unloading amount, improve the ballast unloading efficiency and reduce the labor cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway infrastructure equipment technology, and in particular to a K-type ore hopper car for use on railway lines within a factory area. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction, technical upgrading, major overhaul, and routine maintenance of railway lines, railway engineering sections need to add ballast to the tracks to ensure track stability, increase track elasticity, and distribute stress, thereby improving the safety, reliability, and comfort of railway transportation. Existing K-type ore hopper cars were originally designed for unloading materials such as ore and coal. Their unloading ports are located far from the railway line, making them suitable for scenarios with underground receiving pits to avoid contaminating the railway ballast. When these cars are recycled and modified for loading and unloading ballast, because the ballast needs to be distributed in the sleeper area and the track center, their original unloading structure cannot meet the precise unloading requirements within the line. This necessitates additional manpower to transfer the unloaded ballast to the track center, which not only prolongs track closure time but also increases labor costs. Meanwhile, if the traditional renovation method adopts a bottom opening design, the ballast unloading port may not be able to open and close properly due to excessive vertical load, and the unloading volume is difficult to control. There are problems such as needing to remove ballast if too much ballast is unloaded or needing to replenish ballast multiple times if the unloading is insufficient. It is difficult to adapt to the labor optimization needs under the enterprise's personnel simplification reform. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a K-type ore hopper car, which can solve the problems of inaccurate unloading position after modification of existing K-type ore hopper cars, inability to simultaneously unload ballast at the side of the rail and the center of the track, the need for manual secondary transfer of ballast, high driving force requirements of traditional unloading structures, difficulty in opening and closing the unloading port, and material scattering and poor guidance during the unloading process.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: The K-type ore hopper car includes a car body. The lower part of the two side plates of the car body is respectively provided with side beams parallel to the length direction of the side plates. At least one pair of first openings are spaced apart on both sides of the car body bottom plate near the side beams along the length direction of the car body bottom plate. A first funnel is respectively provided at each of the first openings via a first mounting bracket. The first funnel has an outward-facing side opening. A downward-extending first hydraulic cylinder is respectively provided on the outer wall of the two side plates of the car body above the first funnel. The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to... When the piston rod extends, it is connected to the upper end of the gate that seals the side opening; the gate is surrounded by a guide bucket, and the bottom plate of the guide bucket slopes downward from the outside to the inside; at least two second openings are spaced apart at the middle of the length of the car body bottom plate, and a second funnel is provided at each of the second openings via a second mounting bracket. The second funnel has a downward bottom opening, and a sealing plate is hinged to the second funnel on one side of the bottom opening. A second hydraulic cylinder that drives the sealing plate to open or close the bottom opening is hinged between the second funnel on the other side of the bottom opening and the sealing plate.

[0005] A more specific technical solution than the above-mentioned technical solution could be that each pair of the first openings is respectively disposed on both sides of the vehicle body floor.

[0006] Furthermore: the first mounting frame includes a first funnel bracket and a gate guide frame. The first funnel bracket is located at the lower end of the first funnel, and its outer end is connected to the gate guide frame. The gate guide frame includes a mounting beam and two gate guide posts. The mounting beam is mounted on the side beam, and its length direction is the same as that of the side beam. The upper ends of the two gate guide posts are connected to both ends of the mounting beam, and the lower ends are connected to the first funnel bracket. Each gate guide post is provided with a sliding groove in the same length direction as the gate guide post. The gate is located between the two gate guide posts and is provided with a sliding shaft that is transverse to the sliding groove. The two ends of the sliding shaft are located in the sliding groove and are slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0007] Furthermore: the length of the chute is a, and the height of the gate is b, where a is greater than b.

[0008] Furthermore: the guide bucket includes two side plates, which are arranged opposite to each other. A guide bucket side plate is connected between the outer ends of the two side plates, and their inner ends are respectively connected to the respective gate guide columns through their respective connecting support rods; the bottom plate is connected to the lower ends of the guide bucket side plates and the two side plates.

[0009] Furthermore: the second mounting frame includes a second funnel bracket and two mounting supports. The second funnel bracket is located at the lower end of the second funnel and has multiple protective plates surrounding the second funnel. The two mounting supports are arranged opposite to each other, with their upper ends welded to the side beams and their lower ends welded to the outer ends of the second funnel bracket.

[0010] Furthermore: a control box is provided on the floor of the vehicle body, and a hydraulic oil tank is provided inside the control box. The hydraulic oil tank is equipped with a hydraulic pump, an internal combustion engine, and a 24V DC generator. The control box is equipped with a hydraulic control valve assembly. The 24V DC generator provides the necessary power to the hydraulic control valve assembly. The hydraulic control valve assembly includes an overflow valve and multiple three-position four-way solenoid valves. The overflow valve is connected between the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump and the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank. The oil inlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank. The rod chambers of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the first working oil port of their respective three-position four-way solenoid valves. The rodless chambers of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the second working oil port of their respective three-position four-way solenoid valves. The pressure oil inlets of the three-position four-way solenoid valves are all connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump. The return oil ports of the three-position four-way solenoid valves are all connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: 1. Due to the structure of this application, the bottom plate of the car body is provided with a first funnel and a guide hopper with side openings on both sides, and a second funnel with a bottom opening in the middle. The gate and the sealing plate are driven by the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder respectively. At the same time, the gate adopts a sliding structure design parallel to the side wall of the car body. Therefore, it can minimize the impact of the gravity of the raw materials in the car body on the opening and closing of the unloading gate. The opening and closing of the unloading gate and the stopping of any opening degree can be realized with relatively small driving force, accurately controlling the unloading speed and unloading amount. At the same time, it can realize the accurate unloading of ballast to the side of the rail and the center of the track, without the need for manual secondary transfer, greatly reducing labor costs and shortening the track closure time.

[0012] 2. Since the first mounting frame includes the first funnel bracket and the gate guide frame composed of the mounting beam and the gate guide column, and the gate is slidably connected to the guide column through the sliding shaft, it can provide stable support for the first funnel and the gate, further guiding the gate to move up and down accurately. With the sliding structure design, it further reduces the interference of material gravity on the gate action and ensures the smooth operation of the gate.

[0013] 3. Since the length dimension a of the chute is greater than the height dimension b of the gate, sufficient sliding stroke is reserved for the gate to ensure that the gate can be fully opened or closed. Combined with its low driving force design, it avoids the impact on unloading efficiency or sealing effect due to insufficient stroke or excessive resistance.

[0014] 4. Since the guide bucket is composed of side plates, guide bucket side plates and inclined bottom plates, and is connected to the gate guide column through connecting support rods, it can play a good guiding and gathering role for the ballast unloaded from the side opening, preventing the ballast from scattering and contaminating the track bed. At the same time, the inclined bottom plate can help the ballast slide smoothly. In combination with the controllable unloading gate, it can further improve the unloading efficiency and accuracy.

[0015] 5. Since the second mounting frame includes a second funnel bracket with a protective plate and a mounting support, and the mounting support is welded between the side beam and the bracket, it can stably support the second funnel. The protective plate can protect the second funnel, avoid damage caused by material impact, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the bottom unloading structure.

[0016] 6. Because the control box integrates a hydraulic oil tank, hydraulic pump, internal combustion engine, 24V DC generator and hydraulic control valve group, and controls the action of each hydraulic cylinder through a three-position four-way solenoid valve, it can provide stable power and power support for the unloading mechanism, realize independent and precise control of each unloading port, and be compatible with the low driving force design of the unloading gate. The amount of ballast unloading can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to avoid excessive or insufficient unloading and ensure line safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gate, the first hydraulic cylinder, and the control box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control principle of the first and second hydraulic cylinders in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more readily understood, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model; however, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "fixation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-4The K-type ore hopper car shown includes a car body. The lower parts of the two side plates 1 of the car body are respectively provided with side beams 2 along the same length direction as the side plates 1. At least one pair of first openings are spaced apart along the length direction of the car body bottom plate near the side beams 2. In this embodiment, there is a pair of first openings, which are respectively located on opposite sides of the bottom plate. A first funnel 4 is provided corresponding to each first opening via a first mounting bracket 3. The first funnel 4 has an outward-facing side opening. A downward-extending first hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided on the outer wall of the two side plates 1 of the car body above the first funnel 4. The extended end of the piston rod 5-1 of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the upper end of a gate 6. When the piston rod 5-1 extends, it seals the side opening; when it retracts, it opens the side opening. A guide bucket 7 surrounds the gate 6. The bottom plate 7-1 of the guide bucket 7 slopes downward from the outside in. Specifically, the first mounting bracket 3 includes a first funnel support 3-1 and a gate guide bracket 3-2. The first funnel... A bracket 3-1 is located at the lower end of the first funnel 4 to support it. The outer end of the first funnel bracket 3-1 is connected to the lower end of the gate guide frame 3-2. The gate guide frame 3-2 includes a mounting beam 3-21 and two gate guide columns 3-22. The mounting beam 3-21 is mounted on the side beam 2, and the length direction of the mounting beam 3-21 is the same as that of the side beam 2. The two gate guide columns 3-22 are vertically arranged, and the upper end of the gate guide column 3-22 is connected to the mounting beam 3-22. The two ends of the crossbeam 3-21 are connected, and the lower end of the gate guide column 3-22 is connected to the first funnel bracket 3-1. The gate guide column 3-22 is provided with a sliding groove in the same direction as its length. The gate 6 is located between these two gate guide columns 3-22. The gate 6 is provided with a sliding shaft 6-1 with a transverse sliding groove. The two ends of the sliding shaft 6-1 are located within the sliding groove and are slidably connected to it. The length of the sliding groove is 'a', and the height of the gate is 'b', where 'a' is greater than 'b'. The guide bucket 7 includes a bottom plate 7-1, a guide bucket side plate 7-3, and two side plates 7-2. The two side plates 7-2 are arranged opposite each other. The guide bucket side plate 7-3 is connected between the outer ends of the two side plates 7-2. The inner ends of the two side plates 7-2 are connected to their respective gate guide columns 3-22 via their respective connecting rods 7-4. The bottom plate 7-1 is connected to the lower ends of the guide bucket side plate 7-3 and the two side plates 7-2. At least two second openings are spaced apart along the middle of the length of the vehicle body floor. In this embodiment, there are two second openings. A second funnel 9 is provided at each of the two second openings via a second mounting bracket 8. Each second funnel 9 has a downward-facing bottom opening. A sealing plate 10 is hinged to one side of each bottom opening of the second funnel 9. A second hydraulic cylinder 11 is hinged between the second funnel 9 on the other side of each bottom opening and its respective sealing plate 10 to drive the sealing plate 10 to open or close the bottom opening. Specifically: The second mounting frame 8 includes a second funnel bracket 8-1 and two mounting supports 8-2. The second funnel bracket 8-1 is located at the lower end of the second funnel 9 and is used to support the second funnel 9. The second funnel bracket 8-1 is provided with multiple protective plates 9-1 surrounding the second funnel 9. The two mounting supports 8-2 are arranged vertically relative to each other. The upper ends of the two mounting supports 8-2 are respectively welded to the side beam 2, and the lower ends of the two mounting supports 8-2 are respectively welded to the outer end of the second funnel bracket 8-1 to stably support the second funnel. A reinforcing plate 8-3 is provided at the joint between the second funnel bracket 8-1 and the mounting supports 8-2.

[0024] A control box 12 is installed on the floor of the vehicle body. Inside the control box is a hydraulic oil tank 13. The hydraulic oil tank 13 houses a hydraulic pump 14, an internal combustion engine 15, and a 24V DC generator 16. The control box 12 is equipped with a hydraulic control valve assembly 17. The 24V DC generator 16 provides the necessary power to the hydraulic control valve assembly 17. The hydraulic control valve assembly 17 includes an overflow valve 17-1 and multiple three-position four-way solenoid valves 17-2. In this embodiment, there are four three-position four-way solenoid valves 17-2, two first hydraulic cylinders 5, and two second hydraulic cylinders 11. The overflow valve 17-1 is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 14 and the hydraulic fluid. Between the oil inlets of the hydraulic oil tank 13, the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump 14 is connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil tank 13, the rod chambers of the two first hydraulic cylinders 5 and the two second hydraulic cylinders 11 are respectively connected to the first working oil port of their respective three-position four-way solenoid valves 17-2, the rodless chambers of the first hydraulic cylinders 5 and the second hydraulic cylinders 11 are respectively connected to the second working oil port of their respective three-position four-way solenoid valves 17-2, the pressure oil inlets of the three-position four-way solenoid valves 17-2 are all connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 14, and the return oil ports of the three-position four-way solenoid valves 17-2 are all connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic oil tank 13.

[0025] This utility model optimizes the unloading structure, mounting frame structure, and hydraulic control system of the K-type ore hopper car. In particular, it employs a sliding unloading door structure parallel to the side wall of the car body, minimizing the impact of the raw material's weight on the unloading door's movement. Simultaneously, the dual-position unloading design (side and bottom) enables precise unloading of ballast at multiple locations, including the side of the rail and the track center, completely solving the problems of inconvenient unloading and the need for secondary manual operations in traditional modified vehicles. An independently controllable hydraulic control unit allows for precise adjustment of the unloading volume, adapting to different track ballast replenishment needs. Furthermore, the components are structurally stable and easy to maintain. The universal equipment used is highly interchangeable with existing spare parts, eliminating the need for separately purchasing dedicated spare parts, further reducing equipment maintenance costs. Overall, it improves the efficiency, safety, and economy of railway track ballast replenishment, fully meeting the track maintenance needs under the streamlined reform of enterprise personnel.

[0026] Example 2 There are two pairs of first openings; there are three second openings; there are seven three-position four-way solenoid valves; there are four first hydraulic cylinders; there are three second hydraulic cylinders; and the rest are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0027] This utility model can be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model shall be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A K-type ore hopper car, comprising a car body, wherein the lower portions of two side plates of the car body are respectively provided with side beams in the same direction as the length of the side plates, characterized in that: At least one pair of first openings are spaced apart on both sides of the bottom plate of the carriage near the side beam along the length of the bottom plate. A first funnel is provided at each of the first openings via a first mounting bracket. The first funnel has an outward side opening. A downward-extending first hydraulic cylinder is provided on the outer wall of the two side plates of the carriage above the first funnel. The piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper end of a gate that seals the side opening when the piston rod extends. A guide bucket is provided around the gate. The bottom plate of the guide bucket slopes downward from the outside to the inside. At least two second openings are spaced apart at the middle of the bottom plate along the length of the carriage. A second funnel is provided at each of the second openings via a second mounting bracket. The second funnel has a downward-extending bottom opening. A sealing plate is hinged to the second funnel on one side of the bottom opening. A second hydraulic cylinder that drives the sealing plate to open or close the bottom opening is hinged between the second funnel on the other side of the bottom opening and the sealing plate.

2. The K-type ore hopper car according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pair of the first openings is located opposite each other on both sides of the vehicle's floor plate.

3. The K-type ore hopper car according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first mounting frame includes a first funnel bracket and a gate guide frame. The first funnel bracket is located at the lower end of the first funnel, and its outer end is connected to the gate guide frame. The gate guide frame includes a mounting beam and two gate guide posts. The mounting beam is mounted on the side beam, and its length direction is the same as that of the side beam. The upper ends of the two gate guide posts are connected to both ends of the mounting beam, and the lower ends are connected to the first funnel bracket. Each gate guide post is provided with a sliding groove in the same direction as the length of the gate guide post. The gate is located between the two gate guide posts and is provided with a sliding shaft that is transverse to the sliding groove. The two ends of the sliding shaft are located in the sliding groove and are slidably connected to the sliding groove.

4. The K-type ore hopper car according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the chute is 'a', and the height of the gate is 'b', where 'a' is greater than 'b'.

5. The K-type ore hopper car according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide bucket includes two side plates, which are arranged opposite to each other. A guide bucket side plate is connected between the outer ends of the two side plates, and their inner ends are respectively connected to the respective gate guide columns through their respective connecting rods. The bottom plate is connected to the lower ends of the guide bucket side plates and the two side plates.

6. The K-type ore hopper car according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second mounting frame includes a second funnel bracket and two mounting supports. The second funnel bracket is located at the lower end of the second funnel and has multiple protective plates surrounding the second funnel. The two mounting supports are arranged opposite to each other, with their upper ends welded to the side beams and their lower ends welded to the outer ends of the second funnel bracket.

7. The K-type ore hopper car according to claim 6, characterized in that: A control box is installed on the floor of the vehicle body. The control box contains a hydraulic oil tank, which houses a hydraulic pump, an internal combustion engine, and a 24V DC generator. The control box also houses a hydraulic control valve assembly. The 24V DC generator provides power to the hydraulic control valve assembly. The hydraulic control valve assembly includes an overflow valve and multiple three-position four-way solenoid valves. The overflow valve is connected between the outlet of the hydraulic pump and the inlet of the hydraulic oil tank. The inlet of the hydraulic pump is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic oil tank. The rod-side chambers of the first and second hydraulic cylinders are connected to the first working ports of their respective three-position four-way solenoid valves. The rodless chambers of the first and second hydraulic cylinders are connected to the second working ports of their respective three-position four-way solenoid valves. The pressure inlets of all three-position four-way solenoid valves are connected to the outlet of the hydraulic pump, and the return ports of all three-position four-way solenoid valves are connected to the inlet of the hydraulic oil tank.

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