Commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with self-lubricating structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with self-lubricating structure, it is related to automobile steering technical field, to solve the problem of lack of self-lubricating structure in the transmission component in the existing steering structure, and wear between push rod and main cylinder body is serious, assembly maintenance is inconvenient, the technical scheme used is, by storing oil in first sealing cavity and second sealing cavity, utilize the pressure change in cavity when push rod reciprocating sliding, make oil circulate between two cavities, simultaneously by first oil path and second oil path delivery to inside gear set, gear set is continuously lubricated;And second oil path oil outlet is located at the top of gear set, ensure that oil can evenly cover all gear meshing surface, avoid dry friction, without artificial oil supplement, effectively reduce gear set wear, prolong the service life of speed reduction mechanism, improve the overall durability of steering mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive steering technology, specifically a multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism for commercial vehicles with a self-lubricating structure. Background Technology

[0002] As the core actuator for vehicle steering, the multi-axle pure electric steering system of commercial vehicles must withstand the large load and high frequency reciprocating force brought about by multi-axle coordinated steering for a long time, and at the same time, it has strict requirements for steering accuracy, stability and service life.

[0003] However, existing multi-axle pure electric steering mechanisms for commercial vehicles still have some problems in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the long-term reliable operation requirements under high-load conditions: Existing pure electric steering mechanisms mostly use belt drives or single-stage gear drives for reduction transmission, resulting in poor transmission stability and weak impact resistance; existing mechanisms mostly use a single slide rail or keyway structure to prevent pushrod rotation, but this type of structure has a small guiding contact area, which easily leads to increased clearance and jamming after long-term sliding; furthermore, the sliding mating parts between the pushrod and the main cylinder are mostly made of ordinary metals or low-strength plastics, with high friction coefficients and poor wear resistance, further aggravating the sliding resistance of the pushrod and component wear, shortening its service life; the existing pushrod and sliding sleeve mating is mostly integrated... The sliding sleeve design requires the sleeve to be fully inserted from the end of the push rod during assembly. Due to the structural dimensions of the main cylinder and the push rod, problems such as scratches on the sleeve and positioning deviations are prone to occur during installation. The reduction components of the steering mechanism, such as gear sets, are the core links of power transmission. The lubrication state of the gear meshing surfaces directly affects the transmission efficiency and wear rate. Existing mechanisms do not have a dedicated lubrication system designed for the reduction mechanism and mostly rely on the disposable grease filling at the factory. During long-term use, the grease is easily lost due to the centrifugal force of gear rotation or contaminated by impurities, resulting in insufficient lubrication of the gear meshing surfaces, causing problems such as dry friction, tooth surface wear, and abnormal noise. This seriously shortens the service life of the reduction mechanism and increases the frequency and cost of vehicle maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide a multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism for commercial vehicles with a self-lubricating structure, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism for commercial vehicles with a self-lubricating structure. The technical solution adopted includes a main controller, an auxiliary controller, and a motor. The main controller is connected to the auxiliary controller via a wiring harness, and the auxiliary controller is connected to the motor and controls the rotation of the motor. The motor is connected to a planetary roller screw via a gear set, and the planetary roller screw is mounted in the main cylinder body via bearings; One end of the main cylinder is connected to the gear set, and the other end is slidably connected to a push rod through a support sleeve. One end of the push rod is connected to the nut of the planetary roller screw, and the other end is connected to the steering knuckle of the commercial vehicle. The planetary roller screw is located inside the push rod, with one end connected to the gear set and the other end equipped with a first hydraulic guide valve. The first hydraulic guide valve, the inner wall of the push rod, and the steering knuckle of the commercial vehicle form a first sealed cavity. The outer wall of the push rod, the nut, and the inner wall of the main cylinder form a second sealed cavity. The push rod is also equipped with a second hydraulic guide valve to connect the first sealed cavity with the second sealed cavity. The main cylinder is provided with a first oil passage, and the gear set is provided with a second oil passage. The first oil passage and the second oil passage connect the second sealing cavity with the inside of the gear set, and the oil outlet of the second oil passage is located at the top of the gear set. By storing oil in the first and second sealed cavities, the oil circulates between the two cavities due to the pressure changes within the cavities as the push rod reciprocates. Simultaneously, the oil is delivered to the gear set through the first and second oil passages, providing continuous lubrication to the gear set. Furthermore, the oil outlet of the second oil passage is located at the top of the gear set, ensuring that the oil can evenly cover all gear meshing surfaces, avoiding dry friction and eliminating the need for manual oil replenishment. This effectively reduces gear set wear, extends the service life of the reduction mechanism, and improves the overall durability of the steering mechanism.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first oil pilot valve and the second oil pilot valve have the same structure, both including a valve groove, a valve plug, a spring seat, and a valve seat. The valve seat is installed inside the valve groove, and the valve plug is engaged at the port of the valve groove. The spring seat is slidably connected between the valve plug and the valve seat. A load-bearing spring is press-fitted between the spring seat and the valve plug, and the load-bearing spring is fitted on the spring seat. A steel ball is provided at the end of the spring seat, corresponding to the through hole of the valve seat. A sealing ring is also provided between the valve seat and the valve groove.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the gear set includes a housing, an output gear, a transmission gear, and an input gear. The output gear is mounted on the output shaft of the motor, the input gear is mounted on the lead screw, and the transmission gear is located between the output gear and the input gear for transmitting power. The housing provides enclosed protection for the output gear, the transmission gear, and the input gear. The combination of gear sets and planetary roller screws disperses the load during power transmission, improving transmission stability and impact resistance. Compared to the point contact of traditional ball screws, the contact area is greatly increased, significantly improving compressive strength and load capacity. The synergistic effect of the two can effectively withstand the large loads of multi-axle steering in commercial vehicles, preventing deformation or wear of transmission components.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the push rod adopts a T-shaped structure, including a head and a neck, and the outer side of the head of the push rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main cylinder through a sliding sleeve.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a second protrusion, and the inner wall of the main cylinder is provided with a sliding groove that matches the second protrusion.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the sliding sleeve adopts a split structure, including two sets of identical semi-rings. A first ball seat is provided on the outer side of the push rod head, and a magnetic ball for connecting with the sliding sleeve is installed in the first ball seat. A second ball seat adapted to the magnetic ball is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve. The combined sliding sleeve is adopted, and the sliding sleeve is made of low friction coefficient, high strength engineering plastics such as PEEK, which reduces the sliding friction resistance between the push rod and the main cylinder and improves the wear resistance of the sliding sleeve itself.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the outer side of the push rod head is provided with a first protrusion, the first protrusion is provided in multiple sets and evenly distributed, the first ball seat is opened on the first protrusion, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a groove that matches the first protrusion. The system employs a combination of magnetic ball positioning and a split-type sliding sleeve. The split-type sliding sleeve can be disassembled into two sets of semi-rings, eliminating the need to fit it as a whole from the end of the push rod. It can be directly spliced ​​and installed on the head of the push rod. At the same time, the magnetic ball forms a precise positioning, eliminating the need for bolts or clips for fixation. This not only allows for quick calibration of the coaxiality of the sliding sleeve and the push rod, but also avoids problems such as scratches on the sliding sleeve or positioning deviations during assembly, significantly shortening assembly time. It also provides convenience for later maintenance and replacement of the sliding sleeve, reducing production and maintenance costs.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: by using a gear set and a planetary roller screw in combination, the load in the power transmission process is distributed, and the transmission stability and impact resistance are improved. Compared with the point contact of the traditional ball screw, the contact area is greatly increased, and the compressive strength and load limit are significantly improved. The synergistic effect of the two can effectively withstand the large load of multi-axle steering in commercial vehicles and avoid deformation or wear of transmission components. The slide sleeve adopts a combined type, and the slide sleeve is made of low friction coefficient and high strength engineering plastics such as PEEK, which reduces the sliding friction resistance between the push rod and the main cylinder and improves the wear resistance of the slide sleeve itself. The combination of magnetic ball positioning and split-type sliding sleeve allows the sliding sleeve to be disassembled into two sets of semi-rings. It does not need to be fully fitted from the end of the push rod and can be directly spliced ​​and installed on the head of the push rod. At the same time, the magnetic ball forms a precise positioning, eliminating the need for bolts or clips for fixation. This not only allows for quick calibration of the coaxiality between the sliding sleeve and the push rod, but also avoids problems such as scratches on the sliding sleeve or positioning deviations during assembly, significantly shortening assembly time. It also provides convenience for later maintenance and replacement of the sliding sleeve, reducing production and maintenance costs. By storing oil in the first and second sealed cavities, the oil circulates between the two cavities due to the pressure changes within the cavities as the push rod reciprocates. Simultaneously, the oil is delivered to the gear set through the first and second oil passages, providing continuous lubrication to the gear set. Furthermore, the oil outlet of the second oil passage is located at the top of the gear set, ensuring that the oil can evenly cover all gear meshing surfaces, avoiding dry friction and eliminating the need for manual oil replenishment. This effectively reduces gear set wear, extends the service life of the reduction mechanism, and improves the overall durability of the steering mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gear set of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the first oil pilot valve of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the main cylinder block of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding sleeve structure of this utility model. Figure 3 .

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Main controller; 2. Wiring harness; 3. Auxiliary controller; 4. Motor; 5. Gear set; 6. Main cylinder; 7. Planetary roller screw; 8. Push rod; 9. Bearing; 10. Support sleeve; 11. Sliding sleeve; 12. Magnetic ball; 13. First oil pilot valve; 14. First sealing cavity; 15. Second sealing cavity; 16. First oil passage; 17. Second oil passage; 18. Second oil pilot valve; 501. Output gear; 502. Transmission gear; 503. Input gear; 601. Slide groove; 701. Lead screw; 702. Nut; 801, First protrusion; 802, First ball seat; 111. Groove; 112. Second protrusion; 113. Second ball seat; 130. Valve groove; 131. Valve plug; 132. Spring seat; 133. Valve seat; 134. Sealing ring; 135. Steel ball; 136. Unloading spring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example 1

[0016] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this utility model discloses a multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism for commercial vehicles with a self-lubricating structure. The technical solution adopted is as follows: It includes a main controller 1, wiring harness 2, auxiliary controller 3, motor 4, gear set 5, main cylinder 6, planetary roller screw 7, and push rod 8; The main controller 1 sends commands to the auxiliary controller 3 through the wiring harness 2, and the auxiliary controller 3 controls the motor 4 to rotate, realizing pure electric drive steering. Motor 4 drives planetary roller screw 7 through gear set 5. Planetary roller screw 7 is installed in main cylinder 6 through bearing 9. Its nut 702 is connected to one end of push rod 8. When screw 701 rotates, it drives nut 702 and push rod 8 to make linear motion. The other end of push rod 8 is connected to commercial vehicle steering knuckle to complete steering action. The gear set 5 includes an output gear 501, a transmission gear 502, an input gear 503, and a housing. The load is distributed through multi-stage meshing of the output gear 501, transmission gear 502, and input gear 503. The planetary roller screw 7 adopts roller line contact transmission, which greatly improves the load-bearing capacity.

[0017] The push rod 8 adopts a T-shaped structure, and the outer side of the head is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main cylinder 6 through the sliding sleeve 11; the sliding sleeve 11 is made of PEEK material to reduce sliding resistance and improve wear resistance. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 11 is provided with a second protrusion 112, and the inner wall of the main cylinder 6 is provided with a matching sliding groove 601; the head of the push rod 8 is provided with multiple sets of evenly distributed first protrusions 801, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 11 is provided with a matching groove 111. The "second protrusion 112-groove 11" structure is arranged in multiple places along the circumference, which not only restricts the circumferential rotation of the push rod, but also distributes the load. The sliding sleeve 11 is a split semi-ring structure. The first ball seat 802 is opened on the first protrusion 801 at the head of the push rod 8, and a magnetic ball 12 is built in it. The second ball seat 113 is opened on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 11. The magnetic ball 12 realizes the rapid and accurate positioning of the sliding sleeve and the push rod, simplifying the assembly process.

[0018] A first oil guide valve 13 is installed at one end of the lead screw 701, which together with the inner wall of the push rod 8 and the steering knuckle forms a first sealed cavity 14; the outer wall of the push rod 8, the nut 702 and the inner wall of the main cylinder 6 form a second sealed cavity 15, and the second oil guide valve 18 on the push rod 8 connects the two cavities. The main cylinder 6 has a first oil passage 16 and the gear set 5 has a second oil passage 17. The two make the second sealing cavity 15 connected to the inside of the gear set 5, and the oil outlet of the second oil passage 17 is located at the top of the gear set 5 to ensure that the oil covers all gear meshing surfaces. The first oil pilot valve 13 and the second oil pilot valve 18 have the same structure, both including a valve groove 130, a valve plug 131, a spring seat 132, a valve seat 133, a sealing ring 134, a steel ball 135, and an unloading spring 136. The unloading spring 136 controls the opening and closing of the steel ball 135 and the valve seat 133 to realize the flow of oil as needed.

[0019] The working principle of this utility model: The planetary roller screw 7 is installed in the main cylinder 6 through the bearing 9 to ensure smooth rotation of the screw 701; one end of the screw 701 is fixedly connected to the input gear 503 of the gear set 5, and the nut 702 is welded and fixed to one end of the push rod 8.

[0020] A magnetic ball 12 is inserted into the first ball seat 802 at the head of the push rod 8; the groove 111 of the split sliding sleeve 11 is aligned with the first protrusion 801 of the push rod 8, and the second ball seat 113 attracts the magnetic ball 12 to complete the sliding sleeve splicing; the second protrusion 112 of the sliding sleeve 11 is embedded into the sliding groove 601 of the main cylinder 6.

[0021] One end of the main cylinder 6 is sealed to the gear set 5 via a flange, and the other end is fitted onto the neck of the push rod 8 via a support sleeve 10; a first oil guide valve 13 is installed at the end of the lead screw 701, and a second oil guide valve 18 is installed at a preset hole position on the push rod 8. The main controller 1 is connected to the auxiliary controller 3 via wiring harness 2, and the auxiliary controller 3 is connected to the motor 4 via a high-voltage wiring harness, thus completing the control circuit setup.

[0022] The main controller 1 receives the steering wheel signal and sends instructions to the auxiliary controller 3 via the wiring harness 2; Auxiliary controller 3 drives motor 4 to start, and the motor output shaft drives the output gear 501 of gear set 5 to rotate. The rotation is transmitted to the input gear 503 through transmission gear 502, which drives the lead screw 701 to rotate. The lead screw 701 and nut 702 work together to drive the push rod 8 to move linearly along the main cylinder 6. The push rod 8 pushes the steering knuckle to realize the steering of the commercial vehicle. When push rod 8 moves to the right, the space of the first sealed cavity 14 is enlarged and the pressure decreases. The oil pressure on the left side of the first oil guide valve 13 is greater than the pressure on the right side. The pressure on the lower side of the second oil guide valve 18 is greater than the pressure on the upper side. The steel ball 135 is pushed open and the second oil guide valve 18 is closed. At this time, the oil on the left side enters the first sealed cavity 14. When push rod 8 moves to the left, the space of the first sealed cavity 14 is compressed, the pressure increases, the oil pressure on the left side of the first oil guide valve 13 is less than the pressure on the right side, and the pressure on the lower side of the second oil guide valve 18 is less than the pressure on the upper side. The first oil guide valve 13 is closed, and the second oil guide valve 18 is opened. At this time, the oil in the first sealed cavity 14 enters the second sealed cavity 15, and reaches the second oil passage 17 through the first oil passage 16, thereby lubricating the gear set 5.

[0023] The circuits and mechanical connections involved in this utility model are common practices used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. They are common knowledge.

[0024] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0025] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with self-lubricating structure, comprising a main controller (1), an auxiliary controller (3) and a motor (4), wherein the main controller (1) is connected to the auxiliary controller (3) via a wiring harness (2), and the auxiliary controller (3) is connected to the motor (4) and controls the rotation of the motor (4); Its features are: The motor (4) is connected to a planetary roller screw (7) via a gear set (5), and the planetary roller screw (7) is installed in the main cylinder (6) via a bearing (9). A push rod (8) is slidably connected to the main cylinder (6) via a support sleeve (10). The two ends of the push rod (8) are respectively connected to the nut (702) of the planetary roller screw (7) and the steering knuckle of the commercial vehicle. One end of the lead screw (701) of the planetary roller screw (7) is located inside the push rod (8) and is equipped with a first oil guide valve (13). The first oil guide valve (13), the push rod (8) and the commercial vehicle steering knuckle form a first sealed cavity (14). The push rod (8), the nut (702) and the main cylinder (6) form a second sealed cavity (15). The push rod (8) is also equipped with a second oil guide valve (18) so that the first sealed cavity (14) and the second sealed cavity (15) are connected. The main cylinder (6) is provided with a first oil passage (16), and the gear set (5) is provided with a second oil passage (17). The first oil passage (16) and the second oil passage (17) connect the second sealing cavity (15) with the inside of the gear set (5), and the oil outlet of the second oil passage (17) is located at the top of the gear set (5).

2. The commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with self-lubricating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oil pilot valve (13) and the second oil pilot valve (18) have the same structure, both including a valve groove (130), a valve plug (131), a spring seat (132) and a valve seat (133). The valve seat (133) is installed inside the valve groove (130), and the valve plug (131) is engaged at the port position of the valve groove (130). The spring seat (132) is slidably connected between the valve plug (131) and the valve seat (133). A load relief spring (136) is press-fitted between the spring seat (132) and the valve plug (131), and the load relief spring (136) is fitted on the spring seat (132). A steel ball (135) is provided at the end of the spring seat (132), and it corresponds to the position of the through hole of the valve seat (133). A sealing ring (134) is also provided between the valve seat (133) and the valve groove (130).

3. The commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with self-lubricating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear set (5) includes a housing, an output gear (501), a transmission gear (502), and an input gear (503). The output gear (501) is mounted on the output shaft of the motor (4), the input gear (503) is mounted on the lead screw (701), and the transmission gear (502) is located between the output gear (501) and the input gear (503) for transmitting power. The housing provides enclosed protection for the output gear (501), the transmission gear (502), and the input gear (503).

4. A commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with a self-lubricating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (8) adopts a T-shaped structure, including a head and a neck. The outer side of the head of the push rod (8) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the main cylinder (6) through a sliding sleeve (11).

5. A commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with a self-lubricating structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sleeve (11) is provided with a second protrusion (112), and the inner wall of the main cylinder (6) is provided with a groove (601) that matches the second protrusion (112).

6. A commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with a self-lubricating structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The sliding sleeve (11) adopts a split structure, including two sets of semi-rings with the same structure. A first ball seat (802) is provided on the outer side of the head of the push rod (8). A magnetic ball (12) for connecting with the sliding sleeve (11) is installed in the first ball seat (802). A second ball seat (113) adapted to the magnetic ball (12) is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (11).

7. A commercial vehicle multi-axle pure electric steering mechanism with a self-lubricating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The push rod (8) has a first protrusion (801) on the outer side of its head. The first protrusion (801) has multiple sets and is evenly distributed. The first ball seat (802) is opened on the first protrusion (801). The inner wall of the sliding sleeve (11) has a groove (111) that matches the first protrusion (801).

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