Chain and bucket coal hoist with gear engagement anti-falling structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to coal conveying equipment technical field discloses a chain bucket coal hoist with gear meshing anti -drop structure, including outer frame, feed hopper, transportation subassembly and drive assembly on the support plate of outer frame top, drive assembly adopts multistage reduction structure, and the motor drives first, second reduction hard tooth surface gear meshing drive through the belt, and then the chain drives the rotation of main shaft connecting rod, and further drive transportation subassembly in the outer frame to lift coal. The end of connecting rod is equipped with ratchet wheel, and the pawl is installed on the support plate to form one -way stop mechanism. The utility model through the clamping cooperation of ratchet wheel and pawl, can lock the driving shaft in the moment when equipment shutdown or load exception, effectively prevent the chain relaxation, accumulation due to gravity reverse, thereby avoid the chain and gear meshing place to take place to drop, improved the stability and safety of coal hoist operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal transportation equipment technology, and in particular to a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure. Background Technology

[0002] Bucket elevators, as key vertical transportation equipment in the coal mining industry, are widely used in the process of lifting mined raw coal from a lower level to a higher level, such as in storage or washing stages. Their working principle typically relies on an electric motor driving the main shaft to rotate, which in turn drives a chain plate assembly surrounding the driving and driven wheels in a cyclical motion. Buckets suspended on the chain plate scoop up coal from the bottom and lift it upwards. Due to the high load and continuous nature of coal hoisting operations, the drive system needs to withstand enormous torque.

[0003] In the operation of existing chain bucket elevators, a serious challenge is often faced: when the equipment suddenly loses power due to a power outage, or when the motor stops due to overload caused by large pieces of gangue getting stuck during the lifting process, the entire transmission system is prone to instantaneous reverse rotation under the immense force of gravity, as the heavily loaded buckets are mainly concentrated on the lifting side. This uncontrolled reverse rotation not only causes impact damage to the motor and reducer, but more seriously, it causes the originally taut lifting chain to instantly loosen and accumulate at the top drive wheel. The loosening of the chain can easily lead to misalignment between the chain links and the drive gear, or even cause the chain to detach directly from the gear. Once a detachment accident occurs, not only is the recovery process time-consuming and labor-intensive, seriously affecting production efficiency, but the detached chain and buckets may also fall and damage the internal structure of the equipment, and even endanger the safety of maintenance personnel.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above deficiencies, this utility model provides a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure, aiming to improve the problem in the prior art where the drive system of the chain bucket coal hoist is prone to reverse due to gravity when encountering unexpected shutdown or load fluctuations, resulting in the transmission chain becoming loose and accumulating, which in turn causes the chain to detach from the meshing point of the drive gear, causing equipment damage and maintenance difficulties.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure, comprising: an outer frame, a support plate, a feed hopper, and a transport component, wherein the support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the outer frame, the feed hopper is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the outer frame, and the transport component is movably disposed inside the outer frame for receiving and lifting coal; It also includes driver components; The drive assembly is disposed on the top surface of the support plate. The drive assembly includes a motor. A pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor. A belt is sleeved on the outer circumference of the pulley. The end of the belt away from the pulley is sleeved on the input shaft end of a first reduction gear. The teeth of the first reduction gear mesh with a second reduction gear. A second drive gear is coaxially fixedly connected to the central shaft of the second reduction gear. The outer circumferential teeth of the second drive gear are connected to the first drive gear via a drive chain. The central hole of the first drive gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of a connecting rod. The connecting rod is rotatably supported above the support plate. A ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the end of the connecting rod away from the first drive gear. A pawl is engaged with the outer circumferential groove of the ratchet.

[0007] Preferably, the pawl is movably connected to the support plate or frame via a pivot, and the middle part of the connecting rod extends through the interior of the outer frame and is connected to the top of the transport component via a transmission connection.

[0008] Preferably, the transport component includes a chain plate, the two ends of which form a loop, and a plurality of feeding hoppers are fixedly provided at intervals along the length direction on the outer surface of the chain plate.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom end of the transport component is provided with a rotating gear, a drive rod is inserted through the central hole of the rotating gear, and the two ends of the drive rod are rotatably connected to the lower inner wall of the outer frame. The inner side wall of the chain plate meshes with or wraps around the outer periphery of the rotating gear, playing a guiding and tensioning role.

[0010] Preferably, a top drive sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod inside the outer frame. The top drive sprocket is engaged with the inner side of the chain plate to drive the chain plate to rotate cyclically.

[0011] Preferably, a protective frame is fixedly welded to the top edge of the support plate. The protective frame is U-shaped and surrounds the outer periphery of the drive assembly for safety protection.

[0012] Preferably, the first reduction gear and the second reduction gear are rotatably supported on the top surface of the support plate via the gearbox housing, and the diameter of the first reduction gear is smaller than the diameter of the second reduction gear.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the second drive gear is smaller than the diameter of the first drive gear, and the second drive gear and the first drive gear are located in the same vertical plane.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, a one-way anti-reverse mechanism with a ratchet and a claw is set on the output shaft at the end of the drive assembly. This solves the problem that when the existing chain bucket elevator encounters an unexpected power outage or heavy load shutdown, the drive system will reverse uncontrollably due to gravity, causing the lifting chain to loosen and accumulate instantly, and causing the gear meshing to fall off. This achieves the effect of automatically locking the drive shaft and maintaining the chain tension in any shutdown state, thereby eliminating chain drop accidents from the root and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0015] 3. This utility model solves the problem of lateral swaying or derailment of the chain plate during long-distance lifting by setting a guide tensioning structure consisting of a rotating gear and a drive rod at the bottom of the transport component and combining it with the direct drive method at the top. It achieves the effect of effectively constraining and guiding the circulating chain plate, ensuring that the feeding hopper always runs smoothly along the predetermined trajectory, and reducing mechanical wear and noise. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective frame of a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transport component of a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly of a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod of a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Legend: 1. Outer frame; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Drive assembly; 301. Drive chain; 302. First drive gear; 303. Motor; 304. Pulley; 305. Belt; 306. Ratchet; 307. First reduction gear with hardened tooth surface; 308. Second reduction gear with hardened tooth surface; 309. Second drive gear; 310. Connecting rod; 311. Pawl; 4. Transport assembly; 401. Chain plate; 402. Feed hopper; 403. Rotating gear; 404. Drive rod; 5. Support plate; 6. Protective frame. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a chain bucket coal hoist with a gear meshing anti-disengagement structure, which aims to solve the structural defects of existing chain bucket coal hoists during the hoisting operation. When the motor loses power or the load is abnormal, the drive system reverses, which leads to the loosening and accumulation of the transmission chain and the disengagement of the gear meshing, causing equipment failure and safety hazards.

[0020] This chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure mainly consists of an outer frame 1 as the main support structure, a support plate 5 providing a top mounting platform, a feed hopper 2 responsible for feeding raw materials, and a transport component 4 for lifting operations. The outer frame 1 is a hollow columnar frame structure welded from high-strength metal profiles. The outer frame 1 not only provides an operating channel for the internal components but also serves as a dustproof and protective function. The support plate 5 is horizontally fixed on the top end face of the outer frame 1. The support plate 5 is connected to the outer frame 1 by bolts or welding to form a stable whole, used to support the top drive mechanism. The feed hopper 2 is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the outer frame 1. The feed hopper 2 has an outwardly extending receiving part and an inwardly inclined guiding part extending into the interior of the outer frame 1, used to guide the coal raw material to be lifted to the bottom area of ​​the outer frame 1. The transport component 4 is vertically and movably installed in the hollow interior area of ​​the outer frame 1. Under the action of driving force, the transport component 4 can reciprocate along the height direction of the outer frame 1, thereby continuously receiving and lifting coal.

[0021] It also includes a drive assembly 3, which integrates a ratchet and pawl mechanism to prevent reverse rotation. The drive assembly 3 is mounted on the top surface of the support plate 5. As a power source, the drive assembly 3 transmits power to the interior of the outer frame 1 through a multi-stage reduction transmission mechanism. The drive assembly 3 includes a motor 303 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the support plate 5. The output shaft end of the motor 303 is fixedly connected to a pulley 304 via a key connection. A belt 305 is tensioned and fitted onto the outer circumference of the pulley 304. The end of the belt 305 away from the pulley 304 is fitted onto the input shaft end of the first reduction gear 307. Here, the first reduction gear 307 is rotatably supported on the support plate 5 via a bearing seat. The outer peripheral teeth of the face gear 307 and the teeth of the second reduction hardened face gear 308 form a tight meshing connection. The difference in the number of teeth is used to achieve first-stage mechanical reduction and increase torque. The central shaft of the second reduction hardened face gear 308 is coaxially fixedly connected to the second drive gear 309. The second drive gear 309 is a small-diameter sprocket. Its outer peripheral teeth are connected to the first drive gear 302 through the drive chain 301. The first drive gear 302 is a large-diameter sprocket. The central hole of the first drive gear 302 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod 310 through a keyway. The connecting rod 310 is the main drive shaft. Its two ends are rotatably supported above the support plate 5 through bearing seats. The connecting rod 310 is arranged horizontally.

[0022] At the end of the aforementioned transmission chain, to prevent reverse rotation due to gravity or malfunction, a ratchet 306 is fixedly sleeved at the end of the connecting rod 310 away from the first drive gear 302. The ratchet 306 rotates synchronously with the connecting rod 310. Unidirectional tooth grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the ratchet 306. At the same time, a pawl 311 is movably connected to the support plate 5 or the frame via a rotating shaft. The pawl 311 is located beside the ratchet 306, and the tip of the pawl 311 always abuts against the outer tooth surface of the ratchet 306 under the action of gravity or an auxiliary spring. When the connecting rod 310 rotates forward to lift coal, the pawl 311 slides on the back of the teeth of the ratchet 306 without obstructing rotation. However, when the connecting rod 310 has a tendency to reverse, the pawl 311 quickly engages with the root of the tooth groove of the ratchet 306, locking the connecting rod 310 with mechanical biting force, thereby preventing reverse rotation.

[0023] The middle part of the connecting rod 310 extends downwards into the inner area of ​​the outer frame 1 and forms a transmission connection with the top of the transport component 4. Specifically, a drive sprocket is fixedly installed on the rod section of the connecting rod 310 inside the outer frame 1. The drive sprocket meshes with the transport component 4, thereby converting the rotational power into the vertical cyclic motion of the transport component 4. This drive structure, which combines multi-stage deceleration and one-way anti-reverse, ensures that the transport component 4 can lock its position instantly even if it encounters a sudden stop when lifting heavy coal, preventing the chain from loosening due to reverse rotation and improving the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, to achieve efficient continuous conveying, the conveying component 4 includes a chain plate 401. The chain plate 401 is made of multiple high-strength metal plates hinged together by pins. The two ends of the chain plate 401 are connected to each other to form a closed loop. Multiple feeding hoppers 402 are fixedly provided at intervals along the length direction on the outer surface of the chain plate 401. The feeding hoppers 402 are made of wear-resistant steel plates and are shaped like shovels with their openings facing upwards. The feeding hoppers 402 are fixed to the chain plate 401 by bolts or welding. When the chain plate 401 is running in a cycle, each feeding hopper 402 passes through the feed hopper 2 in sequence to load coal and moves upward with the chain plate 401.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the smooth operation of the chain plate 401 and provide tension guidance, the bottom end of the transport component 4 is provided with a rotating gear 403. A drive rod 404 is inserted into the center hole of the rotating gear 403. The two ends of the drive rod 404 are rotatably connected to the lower sides of the inner wall of the outer frame 1 through bearing seats. The drive rod 404 mainly acts as a driven shaft here. The inner side wall of the chain plate 401 meshes with or wraps around the outer periphery of the rotating gear 403. The rotating gear 403 cooperates with the top drive structure to make the chain plate 401 tensioned in the vertical plane, so as to prevent the chain plate 401 from shaking or derailing during operation.

[0026] As another preferred embodiment, in order to clarify the specific connection form of power transmission, a top drive sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 310 inside the outer frame 1. The tooth profile of the top drive sprocket matches the inner structure of the chain plate 401, and the top drive sprocket and the inner side of the chain plate 401 form a meshing connection. When the connecting rod 310 rotates, the top drive sprocket directly drives the chain plate 401 to rotate cyclically. Through this direct meshing method, the high efficiency and synchronization of power transmission are ensured.

[0027] As another preferred embodiment, in order to improve operational safety and prevent personnel from accidentally touching the rotating parts, a protective frame 6 is fixedly welded to the top edge of the support plate 5. The protective frame 6 is made of several metal round tubes welded together. The protective frame 6 is in the shape of a square and surrounds the outer periphery of the drive component 3. The height design of the protective frame 6 meets the safety specifications and can effectively isolate the moving parts such as the motor 303, pulley 304, various gears and ratchet 306 in a safe area.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, in order to protect the precision meshing gears and store lubricating oil, the first reduction hardened gear 307 and the second reduction hardened gear 308 are rotatably supported on the top surface of the support plate 5 through the gearbox housing. The gearbox housing seals and encloses the two gears, and the diameter of the first reduction hardened gear 307 is designed to be smaller than the diameter of the second reduction hardened gear 308. Through this configuration of a small gear driving a large gear, the first stage of reduction and torque increase is achieved, so that the high-speed, low-torque motor power is converted into low-speed, high-torque power suitable for lifting heavy objects.

[0029] As another preferred embodiment, in order to further optimize the transmission ratio, the diameter of the second drive gear 309 is designed to be smaller than that of the first drive gear 302, and the second drive gear 309 and the first drive gear 302 are located in the same vertical plane. This coplanar arrangement ensures that the drive chain 301 is subjected to uniform force, avoiding chain wear or tooth skipping. At the same time, the two-stage reduction design of the small sprocket driving the large sprocket further reduces the speed of the final output shaft, ensuring the smooth and controllable coal lifting process.

[0030] As another preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of the ratchet 311 reset, a reset spring is also connected between the ratchet 311 and the frame. One end of the reset spring is hooked on the back of the ratchet 311, and the other end is fixed on the frame. The reset spring is used to apply a continuous clamping force to the ratchet 311 toward the tooth groove of the ratchet 306. Even in a vibration environment, it can ensure that the ratchet 311 always fits against the surface of the ratchet 306 and is ready to perform the anti-reverse action at any time.

[0031] As another preferred embodiment, in order to optimize the feeding effect and reduce spillage, the top opening of the feeding hopper 2 is flared, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the bottom of the feeding hopper 2 is inclined with a guide surface that extends to the bottom of the internal transport component 4 of the outer frame 1. This structure uses gravity to guide the coal to slide naturally onto the running trajectory of the feeding hopper 402, thereby improving loading efficiency.

[0032] Working principle: When using the chain bucket elevator with gear meshing anti-drop structure for coal lifting and transportation, the device is first placed stably in the designated working position through the mounting foundation at the bottom of the outer frame 1. The support plate 5 and the protective frame 6 are located at a high position to provide stable support and safety protection for the drive system. The feed hopper 2 is aligned with the coal raw material stacking place or the end of the conveyor belt to prepare for receiving the material.

[0033] During transportation operations, the motor 303 in the drive assembly 3 is started. The output shaft of the motor 303 rotates at high speed, driving the pulley 304 at its end to rotate synchronously. The pulley 304 flexibly transmits power to the first reduction gear 307 via the belt 305. Since the belt drive has a buffering and vibration-absorbing effect, it can effectively protect the motor from impact. The first reduction gear 307 then rotates, driving the second reduction gear 308, which meshes tightly with it, to rotate. Through the reduction and torque amplification effect of the gear pair, the power is transmitted to the coaxially fixed second drive gear 309.

[0034] Next, the second drive gear 309 drives the first drive gear 302 to rotate via the drive chain 301, which in turn drives the connecting rod 310 to rotate forcefully. The connecting rod 310 drives the top drive sprocket located inside the outer frame 1 to rotate, and this sprocket directly drives the chain plate 401 to perform cyclical motion. As the chain plate 401 moves, the evenly distributed feed hoppers 402 on it move to the bottom feed hopper 2, receiving the coal raw material sliding down from the guide surface of the feed hopper 2. Then, the feed hoppers 402 filled with coal move vertically upward along the chain plate 401 inside the outer frame 1. At this time, the rotating gear 403 at the bottom and the drive rod 404 play a guiding and tensioning role, keeping the running trajectory of the chain plate 401 stable. When the feed hopper 402 reaches the top unloading position, it flips over and unloads under the action of gravity, completing one lifting cycle.

[0035] During this process, the ratchet 306, fixed to one end of the connecting rod 310, rotates synchronously with the shaft. When the equipment is operating normally in the forward direction to lift coal, the pawl 311 slides on the back of the teeth of the ratchet 306 without generating resistance. If the equipment tends to reverse due to a sudden power failure of the motor 303, excessive load, or other reasons, the pawl 311 quickly engages with the teeth of the ratchet 306 under the action of gravity or a return spring, instantly locking the connecting rod 310 with mechanical biting force to prevent it from rotating in the opposite direction. This action effectively eliminates the loosening and accumulation of the chain plate 401 caused by gravity reversal, thereby preventing the top drive sprocket from falling off the meshing point with the chain plate 401 and ensuring the safety and stability of the entire transmission system.

Claims

1. A chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure, comprising: The outer frame (1), support plate (5), feed hopper (2) and transport component (4) are provided. The support plate (5) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer frame (1). The feed hopper (2) is fixedly connected to the lower side wall of the outer frame (1). The transport component (4) is movably disposed inside the outer frame (1) for receiving and lifting coal. Its characteristic is that it further includes a driving component (3); The drive assembly (3) is disposed on the top surface of the support plate (5). The drive assembly (3) includes a motor (303). A pulley (304) is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor (303). A belt (305) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the pulley (304). One end of the belt (305) away from the pulley (304) is sleeved on the input shaft end of the first reduction gear (307). The teeth of the first reduction gear (307) are meshed with a second reduction gear (308). The second reduction gear (308) is connected to the second reduction gear (308). The central shaft of the connecting rod (310) is coaxially fixedly connected to a second drive gear (309). The outer peripheral teeth of the second drive gear (309) are connected to a first drive gear (302) via a drive chain (301). The central hole of the first drive gear (302) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod (310). The connecting rod (310) is rotatably supported above the support plate (5). A ratchet (306) is fixedly sleeved at the end of the connecting rod (310) away from the first drive gear (302). A ratchet (311) is engaged with the outer peripheral tooth groove of the ratchet (306).

2. The chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pawl (311) is movably connected to the support plate (5) or the frame via a pivot, and the middle part of the connecting rod (310) extends through the interior of the outer frame (1) and is connected to the top of the transport assembly (4) via a transmission connection.

3. The chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport component (4) includes a chain plate (401), the two ends of the chain plate (401) form a loop, and a plurality of feeding hoppers (402) are fixedly provided at intervals along the length direction on the outer surface of the chain plate (401).

4. The chain bucket elevator with gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom end of the transport component (4) is provided with a rotating gear (403), and a drive rod (404) is inserted through the center hole of the rotating gear (403). The two ends of the drive rod (404) are rotatably connected to the lower inner wall of the outer frame (1), and the inner side wall of the chain plate (401) is engaged with or wrapped around the outer periphery of the rotating gear (403).

5. The chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod (310) is fixedly sleeved on the rod body surface inside the outer frame (1). The top drive sprocket is engaged with the inner side of the chain plate (401) to drive the chain plate (401) to rotate cyclically.

6. The chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective frame (6) is fixedly welded to the top edge of the support plate (5), and the protective frame (6) surrounds the outer periphery of the drive assembly (3) in a square shape.

7. The chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first reduction gear (307) and the second reduction gear (308) are rotatably supported on the top surface of the support plate (5) through the gearbox housing, and the diameter of the first reduction gear (307) is smaller than the diameter of the second reduction gear (308).

8. The chain bucket elevator with a gear meshing anti-detachment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the second drive gear (309) is smaller than the diameter of the first drive gear (302), and the second drive gear (309) and the first drive gear (302) are located in the same vertical plane.

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