A palletizing device for brick production

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of stacking equipment for brick production in the technical field of mechanical engineering, including portal frame, the portal frame is installed with brick clamping assembly just above, the portal frame is equipped with conveying belt just below, the conveying belt is equipped with supporting plate conveyor just in front, the position corresponding with supporting plate conveyor is installed with brick stacking limiting component on the portal frame, several movable limiting supporting plates are equipped with on this brick stacking limiting component along axial direction, by setting movable limiting support that rotates around its own middle axis in limiting device, support axial center is matched with in adaptation limiting surface, while increasing utility spring component between the fixed block and movable block of adjusting component, reach the purpose of adaptation different length specifications brick, realize movable limiting supporting plate automatic switching and clamping, wherein gravity block is matched with support axial center limiting surface, can make the supporting plate to be worked to rotate to preset angle to abut new brick layer when moving on component, guarantee interlayer transition stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering technology, and in particular to a stacking device for brick production. Background Technology

[0002] In the large-scale brick production process of the building materials industry, the stacking process is a key step connecting brick forming and warehousing and transportation. Continuously output bricks must be neatly stacked onto pallets according to preset specifications to ensure subsequent transfer efficiency and storage safety. Currently, most mainstream brick stacking equipment in the industry is based on mechanical transmission, using a portal frame support structure with clamping components to work with a conveyor system to grasp, transfer, and stack bricks. To adapt to the stacking needs of bricks of different sizes, some equipment is equipped with adjustable limit mechanisms. Simultaneously, the coordinated action of the transmission components controls the stacking rhythm, ensuring the stability of the brick stacking layers. Furthermore, to reduce brick collision damage during stacking, the equipment design often incorporates elastic buffering or pressure control-related mechanical structures to adapt to the physical characteristics of the bricks themselves, such as hardness and weight, meeting the basic requirements of industrial production lines for stacking efficiency and yield.

[0003] Existing brick stacking equipment mostly employs a multi-set, independent clamping structure, requiring multiple clamps to alternately clamp and release to stack bricks. This not only results in a complex overall transmission chain but also makes the stacking rhythm prone to interruptions due to misalignment in clamp switching timing. Furthermore, their limit adjustment mechanisms are often fixed-position or single-drive adjustments, failing to generate a continuous and stable clamping force on the bricks. In some cases, the limit plates are designed with a single fixed angle. Therefore, we propose a brick stacking device to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the present invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents, and such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a stacking device for brick production, which can solve the problems of existing brick stacking devices that mostly adopt a multi-set independent clamping structure design with step-by-step cooperation. The bricks need to be stacked by clamping and releasing multiple sets of clamps alternately. Not only is the overall transmission link complicated, but the stacking rhythm is also prone to break due to the timing deviation of clamp switching. The limit adjustment mechanism is mostly fixed hole position or single drive adjustment, which cannot form a continuous and stable clamping force on the bricks. The limit tray of some devices is mostly designed with a single fixed angle.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a stacking equipment for brick production, which adopts the following technical solution: it includes a gantry frame, a brick clamping assembly is installed on the top of the gantry frame via rack and pinion drive, a conveyor belt is arranged vertically below the gantry frame, a pallet conveyor belt is arranged in front of the conveyor belt, and a brick stacking limiting assembly is installed on the gantry frame at a position corresponding to the pallet conveyor belt, which can move vertically up and down. The brick stacking limiting assembly has a plurality of movable limiting pallets arranged along the axial direction, and the movable limiting pallets are used to alternately support the brick layers during the stacking process.

[0007] Optionally, the brick stacking limiting component includes a square frame, symmetrically arranged adjustment components, a limiting device, and a rotating roller. The adjustment component is movably arranged in front of the square frame through a limiting guide structure. The adjustment component includes a motion cylinder, a fixed block, a movable block, and a pressure spring assembly. The motion cylinder is fixedly installed above the square frame, and its piston rod end is fixedly connected to the fixed block.

[0008] Optionally, the movable block is slidably assembled within the fixed block, and the fixed block and the movable block move back and forth synchronously with the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the moving cylinder. A pressure spring assembly is also provided between the fixed block and the movable block, and the pressure spring assembly always applies a backward elastic force to the movable block.

[0009] Optionally, the movable blocks of the adjusting components arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides are also provided with a limiting device. The limiting device includes a support shaft and a movable limiting plate. The support shaft slides axially between the two movable blocks. Several movable limiting plates are circumferentially distributed along the support shaft and the movable limiting plates rotate axially.

[0010] Optionally, several of the movable limiting trays can rotate axially around their own central axis. Each movable limiting tray has a center of gravity block at its bottom, and the support axis has a limiting surface that matches the movable limiting tray. When the movable limiting tray abuts against the uppermost brick, the brick stacking limiting assembly moves upward as a whole, and the support axis moves upward synchronously with the assembly. At this time, the next movable limiting tray to be used rotates to a preset angle to match and abut against the newly placed brick layer under the action of the gravity block and the limiting action of the supporting axis limiting surface.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of rotating rollers are rotatably mounted on the rear of the square frame. Part of the outer circumference of the rotating rollers protrudes from the inner side of the square frame, and the rotating rollers can rotate around their own axis. The rotating rollers abut against the side wall of the bricks during the brick stacking process.

[0012] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting a movable limiting bracket that rotates around its own central axis in the limiting device, and matching it with a support shaft with an adaptable limiting surface, and by adding a compression spring assembly between the fixed block and the movable block of the adjusting component, it achieves the purpose of adapting to bricks of different lengths and specifications, realizing automatic switching and stable clamping of the movable limiting bracket. The center of gravity block and the limiting surface of the support shaft cooperate to allow the working bracket to automatically rotate to a preset angle to abut against the new brick layer when the component moves upward, ensuring a smooth transition between layers. The compression spring assembly continuously applies force to the movable block to ensure that the movable limiting bracket and the brick always maintain a stable preload. This avoids the adaptation problem caused by differences in brick specifications and prevents brick displacement and damage caused by insufficient or sudden clamping force.

[0013] 2. By installing a brick clamping assembly with rack and pinion drive directly above the gantry frame, and rotating a roller protruding from the inside at the rear of the square frame, combined with the vertical layout of the vertical conveyor belt and the pallet conveyor belt, the brick clamping assembly is driven to move, reducing lateral friction damage to the bricks and coordinating the conveying of bricks and pallets. This achieves control over brick gripping and transfer, reduces surface wear and conveying jams during brick stacking, and improves stacking efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a detailed structural diagram of the brick stacking limiting component of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a detailed structural diagram of the limiting device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the adjustment component of this utility model.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Gantry frame; 12a. Brick clamping assembly; 12b. Conveyor belt; 12c. Pallet conveyor belt; 2. Brick stacking limiting component; 21. Square frame; 22. Adjustment component; 221. Motion cylinder; 222. Fixed block; 223. Movable block; 224. Compression spring assembly; 23. Limiting device; 231. Support shaft; 2311. Limiting surface; 232. Movable limiting support plate; 2321. Center of gravity block; 24. Rotating roller. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0018] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this utility model that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0019] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral unit; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. However, specifying a direct connection indicates that the two main bodies at the connection point are not connected through a transitional structure, but are simply connected to form a whole through a connecting structure. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0022] Example 1, refer to Figure 1-4 In this embodiment, to address the problems of existing brick stacking equipment that often employs a multi-set independent clamping mechanism with step-by-step cooperation, requiring multiple clamps to alternately clamp and release bricks for stacking, the overall transmission chain is complex and prone to disruptions in stacking rhythm due to clamp switching timing errors. Furthermore, the limiting adjustment mechanisms are often fixed hole positions or single-drive adjustments, failing to generate a continuous and stable clamping force on the bricks. Additionally, some equipment uses a single fixed-angle design for the limiting support plate. Therefore, this utility model discloses a brick stacking device for brick production. The machine includes a gantry frame 1. A brick clamping assembly 12a is mounted on top of the gantry frame 1 via a rack and pinion drive. A conveyor belt 12b is vertically positioned below the gantry frame 1. A pallet conveyor belt 12c is positioned directly in front of the conveyor belt 12b. A brick stacking limiting assembly 2 is vertically movable and mounted on the gantry frame 1 at a position corresponding to the pallet conveyor belt 12c. This brick stacking limiting assembly 2 has several movable limiting pallets 232 arranged axially on it. These movable limiting pallets 232 are used to alternately support the brick layers during the stacking process. The brick stacking limiting assembly 2 has several movable limiting pallets 232 arranged axially below the gantry frame 1. The directional conveyor belt 12b is used to continuously transport the formed bricks to be stacked to the gripping station, while the pallet conveyor belt 12c, which is set in front of the conveyor belt 12b, runs in a direction perpendicular to the conveyor belt 12b and is responsible for transporting empty pallets to the stacking station, forming a link of brick conveying and pallet supply. At the same time, a brick stacking limiting component 2 that can move vertically up and down is installed on the gantry frame 1 at the position corresponding to the pallet conveyor belt 12c. Several movable limiting pallets 232 on the component provide stable support for each layer of bricks in the stacking process through alternating support actions.

[0023] The brick stacking limiting component 2 includes a square frame 21, an adjustment component 22 symmetrically arranged on the left and right, a limiting device 23, and a rotating roller 24. The adjustment component 22 is movably arranged in front of the square frame 21 through a limiting guide structure. The adjustment component 22 includes a motion cylinder 221, a fixed block 222, a movable block 223, and a pressure spring assembly 224. The motion cylinder 221 is fixedly installed above the square frame 21 and its piston rod end is fixedly connected to the fixed block 222. The motion cylinder 221 in the adjustment component 22 is fixed above the square frame 21 as a power source. Its piston rod is directly connected to the fixed block 222. When the piston rod of the motion cylinder 221 extends or retracts, it can directly drive the fixed block 222 to move back and forth along the limiting guide structure.

[0024] The movable block 223 is slidably assembled inside the fixed block 222, and the fixed block 222 and the movable block 223 move back and forth synchronously with the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the moving cylinder 221. A pressure spring assembly 224 is also provided between the fixed block 222 and the movable block 223. The pressure spring assembly 224 always applies a backward elastic force to the movable block 223. The fixed block 222 and the movable block 223 move synchronously with the piston rod, thereby adjusting the distance between the overall adjusting assembly 22 and the brick to adapt to bricks of different lengths. The pressure spring assembly 224 added between the fixed block 222 and the movable block 223 can always apply a backward elastic force to the movable block 223 to ensure that the movable limit plate 232 maintains a stable preload when it contacts the brick.

[0025] The movable blocks 223 of the symmetrically arranged adjustment components 22 are also equipped with limiting devices 23. The limiting devices 23 include a support shaft 231 and movable limiting plates 232. The support shaft 231 slides axially between the two movable blocks 223. Several movable limiting plates 232 are circumferentially distributed along the support shaft 231 and can rotate axially. The supporting shaft 231 of the limiting devices 23 on the movable blocks 223 of the symmetrically arranged adjustment components 22 slides axially. Inserted between the movable blocks 223 on both sides, the relative position of the pallet to the brick can be adjusted synchronously with the back and forth movement of the movable blocks 223 to ensure adaptability to bricks of different widths. Several movable limiting pallets 232 are circumferentially distributed along the support axis 231, and the pallets can rotate axially around the support axis 231. This circumferential distribution design allows the pallets to enter the working position in sequence, and the rotation switching realizes the alternating support of bricks of different levels, avoiding the support gap caused by the frequent movement of a single pallet, and improving the continuity of the stacking process.

[0026] Several movable limiting trays 232 rotate axially around their own central axis. Each movable limiting tray 232 has a center of gravity block 2321 at its bottom, and a supporting shaft 231 has a limiting surface 2311 adapted to the movable limiting tray 232. When a movable limiting tray 232 abuts against the uppermost brick, the brick stacking limiting assembly 2 moves upward as a whole, and the supporting shaft 231 moves upward synchronously with the assembly. At this time, the next movable limiting tray 232 to be used rotates to a preset angle to adapt to and abut against the newly placed brick layer under the gravity of the center of gravity block 2321 and the limiting action of the supporting shaft 231's limiting surface 2311. The movable limiting tray 232 adopts a design that rotates around its own central axis, in conjunction with the bottom setting... The center of gravity block 2321 can automatically reset and pre-adjust the angle of the pallet using gravity. The limiting surface 2311 of the support axis 231 is adapted to the movable limiting pallet 232, which can limit the rotation angle of the pallet and ensure that the pallet is in the preset support posture after each rotation. When a movable limiting pallet 232 abuts against the uppermost brick, the support axis 231 moves upward as the brick stacking limiting component 2 moves upward in sync. At this time, the next pallet to be worked starts to rotate under the gravity pull of the center of gravity block 2321. At the same time, under the constraint of the limiting surface 2311 of the support axis 231, the pallet rotates to an angle adapted to the newly placed brick layer, realizing the abutment support of the latest brick layer and ensuring the smoothness of the transition between layers.

[0027] Several rotating rollers 24 are rotatably installed at the rear of the square frame 21. Part of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating rollers 24 protrudes from the inner side of the square frame 21, and the rotating rollers 24 can rotate around their own axis. The rotating rollers 24 abut against the side walls of the bricks during the brick stacking process. The rotating rollers 24 rotatably installed at the rear of the square frame 21 have part of their outer circumferential surface protruding from the inner side of the square frame 21, and can directly abut against the side walls of the bricks during the brick stacking process. On the one hand, the lateral blocking effect of the rollers realizes the lateral positioning of the bricks and prevents the bricks from shifting to both sides during the stacking process. On the other hand, the rotating rollers 24 can rotate freely around their own axis. When the bricks come into contact with the rollers and generate relative movement, the rollers convert sliding friction into rolling friction through rotation, reducing the frictional resistance between the side walls of the bricks and the rollers.

[0028] The specific working principle is as follows: First, the bricks to be stacked are continuously conveyed to the gripping station by the vertical conveyor belt 12b directly below the gantry frame 1. At the same time, the pallet conveyor belt 12c conveys the empty pallet to the corresponding stacking station below the gantry frame 1 in a direction perpendicular to the conveyor belt 12b, thus completing the preparation of materials and carriers before stacking. Then, the rack and pinion transmission mechanism directly above the gantry frame 1 is activated, driving the square brick clamping assembly 12a to move in the front-back direction to the gripping station, clamping the bricks to be stacked, and then transferring them to the pallet above the stacking station.

[0029] Before placing the bricks, the brick stacking limiting component 2 is adjusted according to the current brick length specifications: the motion cylinder 221 above the square frame 21 extends and retracts, driving the fixed block 222 and the movable block 223 slidably assembled in the fixed block 222 to move back and forth synchronously until the movable block 223 is close to the side wall of the brick. At this time, the pressure spring component 224 between the fixed block 222 and the movable block 223 applies a backward elastic force to the movable block 223, so that the movable block 223 and the brick maintain a stable pre-tight contact. The left and right symmetrical adjustment components 22 move synchronously to ensure that the brick is subjected to balanced force on both sides. At the same time, the rotating roller 24 behind the square frame 21 abuts against the side wall of the brick, preventing the brick from shifting through lateral limiting. The roller rotates synchronously with the movement of the brick, converting sliding friction into rolling friction to protect the brick surface.

[0030] When bricks are placed on the pallet, the support axis 231 of the limiting device 23 drives the movable limiting pallets 232 distributed along its circumference to move. The first movable limiting pallet 232 abuts against and supports the current top layer of bricks. As the number of brick layers increases, the brick stacking limiting assembly 2 moves upward as a whole, and the support axis 231 moves upward synchronously. At this time, the next movable limiting pallet 232 to be used begins to rotate under the gravity of its own bottom center of gravity block 2321. At the same time, under the constraint of the limiting surface 2311 of the support axis 231, it rotates to a preset angle and takes over from the first pallet to abut against and support the newly placed brick layer, realizing a smooth transition of clamping force when pallets are alternated. The above adjustment, limiting and pallet switching actions are repeated for each subsequent layer of bricks, and finally the bricks are neatly stacked on the pallet to form a stable brick stack to meet the needs of subsequent warehousing and transportation.

[0031] The wiring diagram of the motion cylinder 221 in this utility model is common knowledge in the field. Its working principle is a well-known technology. The appropriate model is selected according to actual use. Therefore, the control method and wiring layout of the motion cylinder 221 will not be explained in detail.

[0032] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A stacking device for brick production, comprising a gantry frame (1), characterized in that: A brick clamping assembly (12a) is installed directly above the gantry frame (1) via rack and pinion drive. A conveyor belt (12b) is provided vertically below the gantry frame (1). A pallet conveyor belt (12c) is provided in front of the conveyor belt (12b). A brick stacking limiting assembly (2) is installed vertically on the gantry frame (1) at a position corresponding to the pallet conveyor belt (12c). A number of movable limiting pallets (232) are provided on the brick stacking limiting assembly (2) along the axial direction. The movable limiting pallets (232) are used to alternately support the brick layers during the stacking process.

2. The palletizing equipment for brick production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brick stacking limiting component (2) includes a square frame (21), an adjustment component (22) arranged symmetrically on the left and right, a limiting device (23), and a rotating roller (24). The adjustment component (22) is movably arranged in front of the square frame (21) through a limiting guide structure. The adjustment component (22) includes a motion cylinder (221), a fixed block (222), a movable block (223), and a pressure spring assembly (224). The motion cylinder (221) is fixedly installed above the square frame (21), and its piston rod end is fixedly connected to the fixed block (222).

3. A palletizing device for brick production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable block (223) is slidably assembled in the fixed block (222), and the fixed block (222) and the movable block (223) move back and forth synchronously with the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the motion cylinder (221). A pressure spring assembly (224) is also provided between the fixed block (222) and the movable block (223), and the pressure spring assembly (224) always applies a backward elastic force to the movable block (223).

4. A palletizing device for brick production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable blocks (223) of the adjustment components (22) arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides are also provided with limiting devices (23). The limiting devices (23) include a support shaft (231) and a movable limiting plate (232). The support shaft (231) slides axially between the two movable blocks (223). Several movable limiting plates (232) are circumferentially distributed along the circumference of the support shaft (231) and the movable limiting plates (232) rotate axially.

5. A palletizing device for brick production according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several movable limiting trays (232) rotate axially around their own central axis. Each movable limiting tray (232) has a center of gravity block (2321) at its bottom. The support axis (231) has a limiting surface (2311) that is adapted to the movable limiting tray (232). When the movable limiting tray (232) abuts against the uppermost brick, the brick stacking limiting component (2) moves upward as a whole, and the support axis (231) moves upward synchronously with the component. At this time, the next movable limiting tray (232) to be worked rotates to a preset angle to adapt to and abut against the newly placed brick layer under the gravity of the center of gravity block (2321) and the limiting action of the limiting surface (2311) of the support axis (231).

6. A palletizing device for brick production according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several rotating rollers (24) are rotatably installed at the rear of the square frame (21). Part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating rollers (24) protrudes from the inner side of the square frame (21), and the rotating rollers (24) can rotate around their own axis. The rotating rollers (24) abut against the side wall of the bricks during the brick stacking process.

Images