Automatic beam hanging and releasing structure of crane

Abstract

The utility model discloses a crane automatic beam structure of hanging and detaching, relates to crane technical field, including crane, leaf filter adsorption frame and hoisting beam, hoisting beam is connected through movable pulley set and crane, is equipped with rotary lock pin mechanism at both ends, and the both sides of lock pin mechanism are equipped with guide device, and the top surface is equipped with butt joint detection device, and the bottom of hoisting beam is equipped with rotation drive arrangement, both are electrically connected with PLC controller, when working, the positioning column of guide device and leaf filter adsorption frame frame is accurate and is in position, after butt joint detection device feedbacks in position signal, rotary lock pin mechanism drives lock bolt to pass through lock hole and rotates 90 and is connected fixedly, when unhooking, reverse rotation is unlocked, and the structure realizes the full process automation of hanging, locking, unhooking, and is accurate, and locking is firm, does not need manual intervention, effectively promotes operation efficiency, and eliminates the risk of accidental unhooking, adapts to the industrial efficient safe hoisting demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crane structure technology, specifically to an automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, cranes, as core equipment for material handling, are widely used in the transfer of large components such as leaf filter adsorption frames. As a critical component in the industrial filtration process, the leaf filter adsorption frame requires precise lifting between different workstations using cranes; the reliability of its attachment and detachment from the crane directly impacts production efficiency and operational safety.

[0003] The following technical defects are commonly found in the existing crane-to-filter adsorption frame attachment and detachment operations: Firstly, the alignment and guidance accuracy is insufficient. Traditional hook-and-drop structures often use simple guide components, which are difficult to compensate for the slight positional deviations during crane lifting. This results in the need for manual calibration during hook-and-drop, which not only leads to low work efficiency but also easily causes wear and tear on the guide components and positioning structure, increasing maintenance costs. Secondly, the reliability of the locking mechanism is poor. Most existing locking methods are plug-in or snap-on, which are easily loosened or even accidentally disengaged during the lifting process due to factors such as vibration and load fluctuations, posing a serious safety hazard. Third, there is a lack of effective status detection and automated linkage mechanisms. Whether the connection is in place and whether the locking is reliable requires manual visual confirmation, which cannot achieve real-time feedback of the operation status. This not only increases the intensity of manual labor, but also makes it difficult to adapt to the needs of continuous and intelligent production. Fourth, the degree of automation is low. The entire process of hooking, locking, and unhooking requires manual intervention, which makes it difficult to be compatible with the unmanned production system of modern industry and limits the improvement of overall production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, developing a crane beam detachment structure with precise guidance, stable locking, reliable detection, and full-process automation is key to solving the pain points of existing technologies and meeting the needs of efficient and safe industrial production. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic beam-attaching and detaching structure for cranes, aiming to solve the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An automatic crane mounting and dismounting beam structure includes a crane and a leaf filter adsorption frame. A lifting beam is provided below the crane. A movable pulley block is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lifting beam near both ends. The movable pulley block is connected to the crane by a lifting cable. A rotating locking pin mechanism is fixedly installed at both ends of the lifting beam along the vertical direction. Guide devices are provided on the left and right sides of both ends of the lifting beam corresponding to the rotating locking pin mechanism along the vertical direction. A docking detection device is provided on the top surface of the crane corresponding to each of the guide devices along the vertical direction. The rotary locking mechanism includes a drive motor, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the lifting beam via a motor mounting plate. The drive shaft of the drive motor passes through the interior of the lifting beam and is fixedly connected to a locking shaft via a coupling. The bottom of the locking shaft passes through the bottom surface of the lifting beam and is provided with a locking tongue. A bearing seat is provided near the middle of the locking shaft and is fixedly mounted inside the lifting beam. The crane drives the lifting beam to rise and fall via the lifting cable. The rotating locking pin mechanism drives the locking shaft to rotate and is fixed to the leaf filter adsorption frame via the locking tongue. The leaf filter adsorption frame is topped with each of the guide devices so that its top extends beyond the top surface of the lifting beam. The docking detection device determines that the rotating locking pin mechanism is docked with the leaf filter adsorption frame by detecting the top of the guide device.

[0006] In one embodiment of this utility model, the guiding device includes a guide cylinder, a support frame is fixedly installed on one side of the guide cylinder, the guide cylinder is fixedly installed on the hanging beam through the support frame, the guide cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube, an approach block is provided at the top of the guide tube, the approach block rests on the top surface of the guide cylinder, and a flared mouth is provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder.

[0007] In one embodiment of this utility model, a positioning post is provided on the top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame corresponding to the guide tube. The top of the positioning post is conical, and the top of the positioning post passes through the flared opening and is inserted into the interior of the guide tube.

[0008] In one embodiment of this utility model, a locking frame is provided on the top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame corresponding to the rotary locking pin mechanism. The top of the locking frame is provided with a matching locking hole corresponding to the locking tongue. The locking tongue passes through the locking hole and is driven to rotate 90° by the rotary locking pin mechanism to engage with the locking frame.

[0009] In one embodiment of this utility model, a rotation drive device is provided at the bottom of the lifting beam corresponding to the rotation locking pin mechanism. Both the rotation drive device and the docking detection device are electrically connected to the PLC controller via wires.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, the rotation drive device includes two limit switches and a trigger rod. The angle between the two limit switches and the vertical line connecting the lock shaft is 90°. One end of the trigger rod is fixedly installed with the lock shaft, and the other end triggers either of the limit switches by rotating the lock shaft.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, the docking detection device includes two proximity switches and a mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lifting beam. The two proximity switches are aligned with the guide tube and are spaced apart on one side of the mounting bracket in a vertical direction. Both proximity switches are located above the proximity block.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. Precise guidance and alignment, improving coupling efficiency: The guiding device adopts a combination structure of "flared mouth + conical positioning column". The flared mouth can expand the positioning guidance range, and the conical positioning column can quickly adapt to the guide tube, effectively compensating for minor positional deviations during the crane's descent, and achieving rapid and precise alignment between the lifting beam and the leaf filter adsorption frame; at the same time, the sliding fit structure of the guide tube and the guide cylinder ensures the stability of the alignment process, reduces component wear, and lowers the maintenance frequency.

[0013] 2. Secure locking and anti-detachment, ensuring operational safety: The rotating locking pin mechanism drives the locking tongue to rotate 90° via a drive motor and engage within the locking frame, forming a mechanical limit locking structure. Compared to traditional plug-in and snap-on locking, it offers higher locking strength and effectively resists vibration and load fluctuations during lifting, eliminating the risk of accidental disengagement. In conjunction with the two limit switches and trigger rod of the rotating drive device, the rotation angle of the locking tongue can be precisely controlled to ensure proper locking and further enhance locking reliability.

[0014] 3. Reliable detection feedback to avoid misoperation: The docking detection device adopts a design with dual proximity switches spaced apart. By detecting the rising position of the proximity block at the top of the guide tube, it accurately determines whether the docking is in place. The dual-switch collaborative detection can avoid the misjudgment problem of a single switch and provide reliable signal support for subsequent locking actions. The limit switch of the rotation drive device synchronously feeds back the rotation status of the locking tongue, forming a dual guarantee of "alignment detection - locking detection" to ensure that the entire process operation status is traceable and controllable.

[0015] 4. Full-process automation, reducing reliance on manual labor: This utility model uses a PLC controller to realize the linkage control of the docking detection device, the rotation drive device and the rotating locking pin mechanism. No manual assistance is required for alignment, locking confirmation and unhooking operations. It realizes the automated operation of the entire process of hooking, locking and unhooking, which not only greatly reduces the intensity of manual labor, but also avoids the safety risks caused by manual operation. It is adapted to the needs of modern industrial unmanned production and significantly improves the overall production efficiency.

[0016] 5. Compact and durable structure with strong versatility: All components adopt a modular installation design, with a compact structural layout that facilitates installation and maintenance; core load-bearing components such as the locking shaft and guide tube are reinforced with bearing seats and support frames, which improves the overall load-bearing capacity and service life; at the same time, this structure does not require major modifications to the adsorption frame of a specific leaf filter, and can meet the hanging and detaching needs of different scenarios by adapting the shape of the locking tongue and locking hole, making it highly versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the structure before docking of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main planar structure of the present invention after docking; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front side view of the docking structure of this utility model.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Lifting beam; 2. Guide device; 21. Trumpet mouth; 22. Support frame; 23. Guide tube; 24. Guide cylinder; 25. Proximity block; 3. Rotary locking pin mechanism; 31. Drive motor; 32. Coupling; 33. Bearing seat; 34. Locking shaft; 35. Locking tongue; 4. Moving pulley block; 41. Lifting cable; 5. Docking detection device; 51. Proximity switch; 52. Mounting bracket; 6. Rotary drive device; 61. Trigger rod; 62. Limit switch; 7. Leaf filter adsorption frame; 71. Locking hole; 72. Locking frame; 73. Positioning column. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the present utility model will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the accompanying drawings is only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand this utility model, but does not constitute a limitation on this utility model.

[0020] Example: like Figure 1-3As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure, including a crane and a leaf filter adsorption frame 7. A lifting beam 1 is provided below the crane. A movable pulley group 4 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lifting beam 1 near both ends. The movable pulley group 4 is connected to the crane by a lifting cable 41. A rotating locking pin mechanism 3 is fixedly installed at both ends of the lifting beam 1 in the vertical direction. A guide device 2 is provided in the vertical direction at both ends of the lifting beam 1 corresponding to the left and right sides of the rotating locking pin mechanism 3. A docking detection device 5 is provided in the vertical direction at the top surface of the crane corresponding to each of the guide devices 2. The rotary locking mechanism 3 includes a drive motor 31, which is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the lifting beam 1 via a motor mounting plate. The drive shaft of the drive motor 31 passes through the interior of the lifting beam 1 and is fixedly connected to a locking shaft 34 via a coupling 32. The bottom of the locking shaft 34 passes through the bottom surface of the lifting beam 1 and is provided with a locking tongue 35. A bearing seat 33 is provided near the middle of the locking shaft 34 and is fixedly mounted inside the lifting beam 1. The crane drives the lifting beam 1 to rise and fall via the lifting cable 41. The rotating locking pin mechanism 3 drives the locking shaft 34 to rotate and is fixed to the leaf filter adsorption frame via the locking tongue 35. The leaf filter adsorption frame 7 is pushed by each of the guide devices 2 so that its top extends beyond the top surface of the lifting beam 1. The docking detection device 5 determines that the rotating locking pin mechanism 3 and the leaf filter adsorption frame 7 are docked in place by detecting the top of the guide device 2.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the automatic hook-and-unhook structure of this crane achieves automated and precise hook-and-unhooking, stable locking, and safe unhooking between the crane and the leaf filter adsorption frame 7 through the coordinated operation of "lifting beam 1 - guide device 2 - rotating locking pin mechanism 3 - docking detection device 5 - rotating drive device 6".

[0022] Among them, the lifting beam 1 serves as the core load-bearing and installation base. The movable pulley blocks 4 at both ends of the top surface form a lifting transmission relationship with the crane through the lifting cable 41, providing lifting power for the overall structure. The rotating locking pin mechanism 3 at both ends of the lifting beam 1 is responsible for mechanically locking with the leaf filter adsorption frame 7. The guide devices 2 on its left and right sides provide precise positioning guidance for the locking process. The docking detection device 5 on the top surface provides real-time feedback on the docking status. The rotating drive device 6 at the bottom precisely controls the locking angle. All devices are electrically connected to the PLC controller through wires to form an automated control closed loop. Through the structural coordination and automated control of various components, three core effects are achieved: First, the cooperation between the guide device 2 and the positioning column 73 solves the problems of inaccurate alignment and low efficiency in the traditional hanging process, achieving fast and accurate docking; Second, the 90° locking design of the rotating locking pin mechanism 3 and the rotating drive device 6, combined with the shape matching structure of the locking tongue 35 and the locking hole 71, ensures the stability of the connection after hanging and eliminates the risk of falling off during the lifting process; Third, the signal feedback of the docking detection device 5 and the rotating drive device 6, as well as the automated linkage of the PLC controller, can complete the entire process of hanging, locking, and unhooking without manual intervention, greatly improving work efficiency and avoiding the safety hazards caused by manual operation. It is suitable for various work scenarios that require frequent hanging and unhooking of cranes and leaf filter adsorption frames 7.

[0023] In one embodiment of this utility model, the guiding device 2 further includes a guide cylinder, a support frame 22 is fixedly installed on one side of the guide cylinder 24, the guide cylinder 24 is fixedly installed on the hanging beam 1 through the support frame 22, the guide cylinder 24 is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube 23, an approach block 25 is provided on the top of the guide tube 23, the approach block 25 rests on the top surface of the guide cylinder 24, and a flared mouth 21 is provided on the bottom of the guide cylinder 24.

[0024] In one embodiment of this utility model, the top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame 7 is provided with a positioning post 73 corresponding to the guide tube 23. The top of the positioning post 73 is conical, and the top of the positioning post 73 passes through the flared mouth 21 and is inserted into the interior of the guide tube 23.

[0025] In one embodiment of this utility model, a locking frame 72 is provided on the top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame 7 corresponding to the rotary locking pin mechanism 3. The top of the locking frame 72 is provided with a matching locking hole 71 corresponding to the locking tongue 35. The locking tongue 35 passes through the locking hole 71 and is driven to rotate 90° by the rotary locking pin mechanism 3 to engage with the locking frame 72.

[0026] In one embodiment of this utility model, a rotation drive device 6 is further provided at the bottom of the lifting beam 1 corresponding to the rotation locking pin mechanism 3. The rotation drive device 6 and the docking detection device 5 are both electrically connected to the PLC controller through wires.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1-2As shown, when the crane needs to be connected to the leaf filter adsorption frame 7, the crane drives the lifting beam 1 to descend vertically via the lifting cable 41. At this time, the guide device 2 plays a precise positioning role. The guide cylinder 24 of the guide device 2 is fixed to the lifting beam 1 via the support frame 22. The guide tube 23 is movably sleeved inside the guide cylinder 24, and the bottom of the guide cylinder 24 is provided with a flared opening 21. The top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame 7 is provided with a positioning post 73 with a conical top corresponding to the guide tube 23. During the descent, the conical positioning post 73 can be quickly aligned and inserted into the guide tube 23 with the help of the flared opening 21, effectively compensating for the slight positional deviation during the descent of the crane, and achieving the initial precise alignment between the lifting beam 1 and the leaf filter adsorption frame 7.

[0028] As the lifting beam 1 continues to descend, the positioning column 73 continuously pushes the guide tube 23 upward, causing the guide tube 23 to slide upward along the inside of the guide cylinder 24. The approach block 25 at the top of the guide tube 23 rises synchronously. When the approach block 25 rises to the two proximity switches 51 of the docking detection device 5, the two proximity switches 51, which are set at intervals in the vertical direction, detect the signal of the approach block 25 one after another and transmit the signal to the PLC controller. Based on this, the PLC controller determines that the rotating locking pin mechanism 3 and the leaf filter adsorption frame 7 are docked in place, and then triggers the subsequent locking action to realize reliable detection of the docking state and action linkage.

[0029] In one embodiment of this utility model, the rotation drive device 6 further includes two limit switches 62 and a trigger rod 61. The angle between the two limit switches 62 and the vertical line connecting the locking shaft 34 is 90°. One end of the trigger rod 61 is fixedly installed with the locking shaft 34, and the other end triggers either of the limit switches 62 by rotating the locking shaft 34.

[0030] In one embodiment of this utility model, the docking detection device 5 further includes two proximity switches 51 and a mounting bracket 52. The mounting bracket 52 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lifting beam 1. The two proximity switches 51 are aligned with the guide tube 23 and are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on one side of the mounting bracket 52. Both proximity switches 51 are located above the proximity block 25.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the cooperative control logic principle of docking detection device 5 and rotation drive device 6 is as follows: As the lifting beam 1 descends, the guide device 2 gradually approaches and contacts the leaf filter adsorption frame 7. The proximity switch 51 located at the lower part of the mounting bracket 52 detects the action of the docking block, indicating that the lifting device has begun to approach the unit and controls the crane to descend and decelerate. As the guide device 2 is further lifted, the docking block triggers the proximity switch 51 at the lower part of the mounting bracket 52 to act, indicating that the device is assembled in place and the descent stops. When the PLC detects the assembly in place, it controls the drive motor 31 to start executing the locking command. After the PLC detects the state changes of the two limit switches 62 after they are triggered by the trigger rod 61, the locking stops and the lifting device can be lifted. When unlocking, the PLC issues an unlocking command, the drive motor 31 moves, and when the state of the two limit switches 62 changes, the lifting device is lifted. The upper and lower sets of proximity switches 51 are deactivated in sequence, and the lifting device can be accelerated.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A crane automatic beam-attaching structure, comprising a crane and a leaf filter adsorption frame (7), characterized in that, The crane is provided with a lifting beam (1) below it. The top surface of the lifting beam (1) is fixedly installed with a movable pulley block (4) near both ends. The movable pulley block (4) is connected to the crane by a lifting cable (41). The lifting beam (1) is fixedly installed with a rotating locking pin mechanism (3) at both ends in the vertical direction. The lifting beam (1) is provided with a guide device (2) at both ends corresponding to the left and right sides of the rotating locking pin mechanism (3) in the vertical direction. The top surface of the crane is provided with a docking detection device (5) at each of the guide devices (2) in the vertical direction. The rotary locking mechanism (3) includes a drive motor (31), which is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lifting beam (1) via a motor mounting plate. The drive shaft of the drive motor (31) passes through the interior of the lifting beam (1) and is fixedly connected to a locking shaft (34) via a coupling (32). The bottom of the locking shaft (34) passes through the bottom surface of the lifting beam (1) and is provided with a locking tongue (35). A bearing seat (33) is provided near the middle of the locking shaft (34), and the bearing seat (33) is fixedly installed inside the lifting beam (1). The crane drives the lifting beam (1) to rise and fall via the lifting cable (41). The rotating locking pin mechanism (3) drives the locking shaft (34) to rotate and is fixed to the leaf filter adsorption frame via the locking tongue (35). The leaf filter adsorption frame (7) is topped with each of the guide devices (2) so that its top extends beyond the top surface of the lifting beam (1). The docking detection device (5) determines that the rotating locking pin mechanism (3) and the leaf filter adsorption frame (7) are docked in place by detecting the top of the guide device (2).

2. The automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding device (2) includes a guide cylinder. A support frame (22) is fixedly installed on one side of the guide cylinder (24). The guide cylinder (24) is fixedly installed on the lifting beam (1) through the support frame (22). The guide cylinder (24) is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube (23). An approach block (25) is provided on the top of the guide tube (23). The approach block (25) rests on the top surface of the guide cylinder (24). A flared mouth (21) is provided at the bottom of the guide cylinder (24).

3. The automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame (7) is provided with a positioning post (73) corresponding to the guide tube (23). The top of the positioning post (73) is conical, and the top of the positioning post (73) passes through the flared mouth (21) and is inserted into the guide tube (23).

4. The automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A locking frame (72) is provided on the top surface of the leaf filter adsorption frame (7) corresponding to the rotary locking pin mechanism (3). The top of the locking frame (72) is provided with a matching locking hole (71) corresponding to the locking tongue (35). The locking tongue (35) passes through the locking hole (71) and is driven to rotate 90° by the rotary locking pin mechanism (3) to lock into the locking frame (72).

5. The automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotation drive device (6) is provided at the bottom of the lifting beam (1) corresponding to the rotation locking pin mechanism (3). The rotation drive device (6) and the docking detection device (5) are both electrically connected to the PLC controller through wires.

6. The automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotation drive device (6) includes two limit switches (62) and a trigger rod (61). The two limit switches (62) are perpendicular to the line connecting the lock shaft (34) at an angle of 90°. One end of the trigger rod (61) is fixedly installed with the lock shaft (34), and the other end triggers either of the limit switches (62) by rotating the lock shaft (34).

7. The automatic crane beam attachment and detachment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The docking detection device (5) includes two proximity switches (51) and a mounting bracket (52). The mounting bracket (52) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the lifting beam (1). The two proximity switches (51) are aligned with the guide tube (23) and are spaced apart on one side of the mounting bracket (52) in the vertical direction. Both proximity switches (51) are located above the proximity block (25).

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