Anti-collision device for a tower crane

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of anti-collision device of tower crane, belong to crane protector technical field, the anti-collision device of this kind of tower crane, including tower crane assembly, the tower crane assembly includes tower arm, the both ends of the tower arm outside are fixed with multiple anti-collision components, the utility model is triggered logic by setting double threshold value through the hierarchical cooperation mechanism of early warning mechanism and alarm mechanism-yellow early warning lamp and low-frequency hum are started when distance reaches early warning threshold value, red alarm lamp and high decibel alarm are started when reaching dangerous threshold value, simultaneously synchronous transmission hierarchical signal to driver's cab, cooperate the speed reduction of slewing mechanism, stop linkage control, provide clear risk gradient instruction for operator, improve the accuracy of emergency disposal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of crane protection devices, specifically relating to an anti-collision device for tower cranes. Background Technology

[0002] Tower cranes, as core heavy equipment in the construction industry, are widely used in large-scale projects such as high-rise buildings and bridge engineering due to their advantages of high lifting height and large operating radius. However, with the acceleration of urbanization, the construction site environment is becoming increasingly complex. Scenarios such as multiple tower cranes working together, dense surrounding buildings, and intersecting high-altitude pipelines are becoming more and more common, which greatly increases the risk of tower crane collision accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to design a collision avoidance device for tower cranes.

[0003] Existing electronically monitored collision avoidance systems mostly employ infrared, ultrasonic, or laser ranging technologies. They monitor distance and trigger alarms using a single sensor. This method has limited monitoring range; most systems only have a single sensor at the end of the tower arm, making it difficult to cover blind spots on the sides and ends of the tower arm. Especially during tower crane rotation operations, the risk of collisions between the tower arm side and surrounding obstacles is difficult to detect in a timely manner. Furthermore, the warning mechanism is simplistic, often employing a "single threshold alarm" mode, only issuing an alarm signal when the distance approaches a dangerous value. This makes it difficult for operators to quickly assess the risk level, resulting in insufficient emergency response time. At the same time, the lack of protection for core components means that precision electronic components such as laser ranging sensors are directly exposed to the high-altitude environment, making them susceptible to damage from falling objects, wind and rain erosion, and mechanical vibrations. This leads to a high system failure rate and high maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a simple and reasonably designed anti-collision device for tower cranes in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A collision avoidance device for a tower crane includes a tower crane assembly, the tower crane assembly including a tower body, a tower arm installed on one side of the top of the tower body, and multiple collision avoidance components fixed at both ends of the tower arm.

[0007] The anti-collision assembly includes a transparent protective cover fixedly located outside the tower arm. A laser rangefinder is fixed at the middle position inside the transparent protective cover. A warning mechanism and an alarm mechanism that cooperate with the laser rangefinder are respectively installed on both sides inside the transparent protective cover. A protective mechanism is slidably installed at the end of the transparent protective cover away from the tower arm. A buffer mechanism that cooperates with the protective mechanism is installed on the inner top of the transparent protective cover.

[0008] As a further optimization of this utility model, a slewing mechanism is installed at one end of the tower arm, and the bottom of the slewing mechanism is fixed to the top of the tower body. A counterweight arm is installed at the end of the slewing mechanism away from the tower arm, and a counterweight mechanism is installed at the end of the counterweight arm away from the slewing mechanism. A concrete base is cast at the bottom of the tower body, and a driver's cab is fixed at one end of the top of the tower body.

[0009] As a further optimization of this utility model, the warning mechanism includes a yellow warning light fixedly located on one side of the top of one end inside the transparent protective cover, and a buzzing alarm that cooperates with the yellow warning light is fixed on one side of the bottom of one end inside the transparent protective cover. The buzzing alarm and the yellow warning light are electrically connected to the laser rangefinder sensor.

[0010] As a further optimization of this utility model, the alarm mechanism includes a red alarm light fixedly located on the other side of the top of one end inside the transparent protective cover, and a high-decibel alarm that cooperates with the red alarm light is fixed on the other side of the bottom of one end inside the transparent protective cover. The high-decibel alarm and the red alarm light are electrically connected to the laser rangefinder sensor.

[0011] As a further optimization of this utility model, the protective mechanism includes two mounting sleeves fixedly located on both sides inside the transparent protective cover. The interior of each of the two mounting sleeves is slidably connected to an L-shaped guide plate extending to its exterior. The exterior of the two L-shaped guide plates is jointly mounted with a U-shaped protective cover that slides and fits against the exterior of the transparent protective cover.

[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, springs connected to L-shaped guide plates are fixed at the top and bottom of the two mounting plates, and an L-shaped push block extending to the top of the transparent protective cover is fixed at the middle position of the front side of the U-shaped protective cover.

[0013] As a further optimization of this utility model, the buffer mechanism includes two guide grooves fixedly located on the top sides inside the transparent protective cover. The two guide grooves are slidably connected to the side that is close to each other, and to the outside of the grooves, and to the side that is far apart from each other, and to the side that is connected to the block.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. This utility model utilizes a graded coordination mechanism between the early warning mechanism and the alarm mechanism. By setting a dual-threshold trigger logic through a laser rangefinder sensor, a yellow warning light and a low-frequency hum are activated when the distance reaches the early warning threshold, and a red alarm light and a high-decibel alarm are activated when the distance reaches the danger threshold. Simultaneously, graded signals are transmitted to the cab, which, in conjunction with the deceleration and shutdown linkage control of the slewing mechanism, provides operators with clear risk gradient guidance and improves the accuracy of emergency response.

[0016] 2. This utility model adopts a dual protection design of "transparent protective cover + protective mechanism". The transparent protective cover provides basic dust and water protection, while the sliding U-shaped protective cover, together with the spring and buffer mechanism, can reduce the impact force through double energy absorption in the event of accidental collision, and avoid damage to core components such as laser rangefinder. Compared with the traditional "no buffer protection" structure, the failure rate of the core components of this device is effectively reduced and the service life is significantly extended. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 The overall structure of this utility model is shown in the front and side views. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 The overall structure of this utility model is shown in the front and side views. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural bottom side view of the anti-collision component of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the anti-collision component of this utility model, including bottom view, side view, and sectional view.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Tower crane components; 100. Concrete base; 101. Tower body; 102. Counterweight mechanism; 103. Operator's cab; 104. Tower arm; 105. Counterweight boom; 106. Slewing mechanism; 2. Anti-collision components; 200. Transparent protective cover; 201. Laser rangefinder sensor; 202. Alarm mechanism; 2021. High-decibel alarm; 2022. Red alarm light; 203. Warning mechanism; 2031. Buzzing alarm; 2032. Yellow warning light; 204. Protective mechanism; 2041. U-shaped protective cover; 2042. L-shaped push block; 2043. L-shaped guide plate; 2044. Mounting sleeve; 2045. Spring one; 205. Buffer mechanism; 2051. Guide groove; 2052. Resistance slider; 2053. Spring two. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0024] Example 1: As Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an anti-collision device for a tower crane includes a tower crane assembly 1, which serves as the mounting foundation. The tower crane assembly 1 comprises core components such as a concrete base 100, a tower body 101, a counterweight mechanism 102, a cab 103, a jib 104, a counterweight boom 105, and a slewing mechanism 106. The concrete base 100 is cast on-site, providing a stable support foundation for the entire tower crane. Its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tower body 101, ensuring that the tower body 101 will not tilt or shift during operation. A cab 103 is fixedly installed at one end of the top of the tower body 101, serving as the control center for the operator, and is also connected to... (The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops here as well.) The anti-collision component 2 is electrically connected, and the signal transmitted by the anti-collision component 2 can be received in real time and fed back to the control system. The top of the tower body 101 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slewing mechanism 106. The slewing mechanism 106 can drive the tower arm 104 and the counterweight arm 105 connected at both ends to perform 360-degree slewing operations, so as to achieve the range coverage of the lifting operation. The tower arm 104 is installed at one end of the slewing mechanism 106, and the counterweight arm 105 is installed at the end of the slewing mechanism 106 away from the tower arm 104. In order to ensure the torque balance during the slewing process, a counterweight mechanism 102 is fixedly installed at the end of the counterweight arm 105 away from the slewing mechanism 106. By adjusting the weight of the counterweight mechanism 102, it can be adapted to different lifting conditions.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, to achieve the anti-collision function, multiple anti-collision components 2 are fixedly installed at both ends of the tower arm 104. The multiple anti-collision components 2 are evenly distributed along the length of the tower arm 104, which can realize comprehensive monitoring of the two ends and side areas of the tower arm 104. The anti-collision component 2 is the core execution unit of the anti-collision function. It integrates a transparent protective cover 200, a laser range sensor 201, an alarm mechanism 202, a warning mechanism 203, a protection mechanism 204, and a buffer mechanism 205. The components work together to complete the functions of distance monitoring, early warning alarm, and physical protection.

[0026] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the anti-collision component 2 uses a transparent protective cover 200 as the mounting carrier. The transparent protective cover 200 is made of high-strength polycarbonate material, which can not only ensure that the measurement accuracy of the laser rangefinder 201 is not obstructed, but also protect the internal components from dust, water and minor impacts. It is fixed to the outside of the tower arm 104 by bolts. The installation position ensures that the measurement direction of the laser rangefinder 201 faces the outside of the tower arm 104 and the working area. The laser rangefinder 201 is fixedly installed in the middle position inside the transparent protective cover 200, with its measurement probe facing the end of the transparent protective cover 200 away from the tower arm 104. The signal output terminal of the sensor is electrically connected to the signal input terminals of the warning mechanism 203 and the alarm mechanism 202, respectively. At the same time, it communicates bidirectionally with the control system in the cab 103 through wires, which can transmit the real-time measured distance data to the cab and receive parameter setting instructions issued by the control system.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the warning mechanism 203 is installed on one side inside the transparent protective cover 200, and consists of a buzzing alarm 2031 and a yellow warning light 2032. The buzzing alarm 2031 is fixed to one side of the bottom of one end inside the transparent protective cover 200, and the yellow warning light 2032 is installed on the same side of the top of one end inside the transparent protective cover 200. The two are connected in parallel by wires and electrically connected to the laser range sensor 201. When the laser range sensor 201 detects that the distance reaches the warning threshold, it synchronously triggers the buzzing alarm 2031 and the yellow warning light 2032 to work.

[0028] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the alarm mechanism 202 is installed on the other side inside the transparent protective cover 200, symmetrically distributed with the warning mechanism 203. It consists of a high-decibel alarm 2021 and a red alarm light 2022. The high-decibel alarm 2021 is fixed on the other side of the bottom of one end inside the transparent protective cover 200, and the red alarm light 2022 is fixed on the same side of the top of one end inside the transparent protective cover 200. The two are also electrically connected to the laser rangefinder 201 after being connected in parallel by wires. When the detection distance reaches the danger threshold, the high-decibel alarm 2021 and the red alarm light 2022 are triggered to start, and the alarm signal will be transmitted to the cab 103 at the same time to remind the operator to take emergency measures.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the protective mechanism 204 is slidably installed on the outside of the transparent protective cover 200 at the end away from the tower arm 104. It is used to provide physical protection for the transparent protective cover 200 and its internal components in the event of an accidental collision. It includes a U-shaped protective cover 2041, an L-shaped push block 2042, an L-shaped guide plate 2043, a mounting sleeve 2044, and a spring 2045. The two mounting sleeves 2044 are respectively fixed to both sides inside the transparent protective cover 200 by bolts. The interior of the mounting sleeve 2044 has a sliding cavity adapted to the L-shaped guide plate 2043. One end of the L-shaped guide plate 2043 is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding cavity, and the other end extends to the outside of the mounting sleeve 2044 and is fixedly connected to the inside of the U-shaped protective cover 2041, so that the U-shaped protective cover 2041 can slide back and forth against the outside of the transparent protective cover 200.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, springs 2045 are fixedly installed at the top and bottom of the two mounting sleeves 2044. One end of spring 2045 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 2044, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped guide plate 2043 located inside the sliding cavity. Under normal conditions, spring 2045 is in a naturally extended state, which drives the U-shaped protective cover 2044 to remain in the protective position at the end of the transparent protective cover 200. Meanwhile, an L-shaped push block 2042 is fixed at the middle position of the front side of the U-shaped protective cover 2041. One end of the L-shaped push block 2042 is fixed to the U-shaped protective cover 2041, and the other end extends to the inner top of the transparent protective cover 200, cooperating with the buffer mechanism 205. The buffer mechanism 205 is installed on the inner top of the transparent protective cover 200 to further enhance the collision buffering effect in conjunction with the protective mechanism 204. It consists of a guide groove 2051, a resisting slider 2052, and a spring 2053. The two guide grooves 2051 are fixed parallel to each other on both sides of the inner top of the transparent protective cover 200. The resisting slider 2052 is slidably connected inside the guide groove 2051, and one end of the resisting slider 2052 extends to the guide groove 2051. Externally, the L-shaped push block 2042 forms an abutment with the end of the resisting slider 2052. The other end of the resisting slider 2052 is fixedly connected to the spring 2053, which is fixed inside the guide groove 2051 on the opposite side. Under normal conditions, the spring 2053 is also in a natural state, supporting the resisting slider 2052. Guide slopes are provided at the front of the two resisting sliders 2052 and at the rear of both sides of the L-shaped push block 2042. The two guide slopes cooperate with each other. Later, the movement of the L-shaped push block 2042 can drive the guide slopes to push the resisting slider 2052 to slide away inside the guide groove 2051, thereby compressing the spring 2053 and buffering the impact force during accidental collision.

[0031] It should be noted that, when the tower crane is started and begins operation, the control system in the cab 103 of this anti-collision device simultaneously activates all anti-collision components 2, and the laser rangefinder 201 immediately enters working state, continuously emitting laser signals to the outside of the tower arm 104 and the surrounding area, and receiving reflected signals to calculate the real-time distance between the tower crane and obstacles.

[0032] When the laser rangefinder 201 detects that the distance has reached the preset warning threshold, such as 5 meters, it immediately sends a trigger signal to the warning mechanism 203. The buzzing alarm 2031 is activated and emits a low-frequency buzzing warning sound. At the same time, the yellow warning light 2032 starts to flash. The warning signal is synchronously transmitted to the display panel of the cab 103 to remind the operator to avoid obstacles. At this time, the running speed of the slewing mechanism 106 will automatically decrease to allow the operator time to react.

[0033] If the operator fails to respond promptly or the obstacle continues to approach, when the laser rangefinder 201 detects that the distance has reached a dangerous threshold, such as 1.5 meters, it will quickly send a signal to the alarm mechanism 202. The high-decibel alarm 2021 will emit a piercing alarm sound, and the red alarm light 2022 will flash at a high frequency. At the same time, the control system in the cab 103 will trigger an emergency warning. If the distance continues to decrease, the system will automatically control the slewing mechanism 106 to stop operating to avoid the risk of collision.

[0034] In the event of an accidental collision, the obstacle first contacts the U-shaped protective cover 2041 and generates an impact force. Under the impact force, the U-shaped protective cover 2041 slides towards the transparent protective cover 200, causing the L-shaped guide plate 2043 to compress the spring 2045 inside the mounting sleeve 2044. The elastic deformation of the spring 2041 absorbs part of the collision energy. At the same time, the U-shaped protective cover 2041 drives the L-shaped push block 2042 to move synchronously. The end of the L-shaped push block 2042 pushes the resisting slider 2052 to slide in the guide groove 2051, compressing the second spring 2053. The second spring 2053 further absorbs the impact force. Through the double buffering effect, the damage to the laser ranging sensor 201, the early warning mechanism 203, and the alarm mechanism 202 inside the transparent protective cover 200 is effectively reduced, ensuring that the device can still maintain its basic functions after the collision.

[0035] After the collision, the elastic potential energy of spring 2045 and spring 2053 is released, causing the protective mechanism 204 and the buffer mechanism 205 to return to their normal positions. The operator can then inspect the device and continue to use it.

[0036] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A collision avoidance device for a tower crane, comprising a tower crane assembly (1), characterized in that, The tower crane assembly (1) includes a tower body (101), a tower arm (104) is installed on one side of the top of the tower body (101), and multiple anti-collision components (2) are fixed at both ends of the tower arm (104). The anti-collision assembly (2) includes a transparent protective cover (200) fixed outside the tower arm (104). A laser rangefinder (201) is fixed at the middle position inside the transparent protective cover (200). A warning mechanism (203) and an alarm mechanism (202) cooperating with the laser rangefinder (201) are respectively installed on both sides inside the transparent protective cover (200). A protective mechanism (204) is slidably installed at the end of the transparent protective cover (200) away from the tower arm (104). A buffer mechanism (205) cooperating with the protective mechanism (204) is installed on the inner top of the transparent protective cover (200).

2. The anti-collision device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the tower arm (104) is equipped with a slewing mechanism (106) that cooperates with it, and the bottom of the slewing mechanism (106) is fixed to the top of the tower body (101). A counterweight arm (105) is installed at the end of the slewing mechanism (106) away from the tower arm (104), and a counterweight mechanism (102) is installed at the end of the counterweight arm (105) away from the slewing mechanism (106). A concrete base (100) is cast at the bottom of the tower body (101), and a driver's cab (103) is fixed at one end of the top of the tower body (101).

3. The anti-collision device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning mechanism (203) includes a yellow warning light (2032) fixedly located on one side of the top of one end inside the transparent protective cover (200), and a buzzing alarm (2031) that cooperates with the yellow warning light (2032) is fixed on one side of the bottom of one end inside the transparent protective cover (200). The buzzing alarm (2031) and the yellow warning light (2032) are electrically connected to the laser rangefinder (201).

4. The anti-collision device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm mechanism (202) includes a red alarm light (2022) fixedly located on the other side of the top of one end inside the transparent protective cover (200). A high-decibel alarm (2021) that cooperates with the red alarm light (2022) is fixed on the other side of the bottom of one end inside the transparent protective cover (200). The high-decibel alarm (2021) and the red alarm light (2022) are electrically connected to the laser rangefinder (201).

5. The anti-collision device for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective mechanism (204) includes two mounting sleeves (2044) fixedly located on both sides inside the transparent protective cover (200). The interior of each of the two mounting sleeves (2044) is slidably connected to an L-shaped guide plate (2043) extending to its exterior. The exterior of the two L-shaped guide plates (2043) is jointly mounted with a U-shaped protective cover (2041) that slides and fits against the exterior of the transparent protective cover (200).

6. The anti-collision device for a tower crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the two mounting plates (2044) are each fixed with a spring (2045) connected to the L-shaped guide plate (2043), and an L-shaped push block (2042) extending to the top of the transparent protective cover (200) is fixed at the middle position of the front side of the U-shaped protective cover (2041).

7. The anti-collision device for a tower crane according to claim 6, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (205) includes two guide grooves (2051) fixedly located on the top sides inside the transparent protective cover (200). The two guide grooves (2051) are slidably connected to the adjacent sides of each other, and to the outside of each other, and to the L-shaped push block (2042). The two guide grooves (2051) are fixed to the opposite sides of each other, and ...

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