A railway wagon open car lower side door dismounting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway freight car open car lower side door dismounting device, including forklift, still include: door lifting mechanism, door lifting mechanism installs on the portal of forklift, is used for satisfying the height demand of lower side door dismounting alignment, door lifting mechanism, one end of door lifting mechanism is rotatably connected on door lifting mechanism, is used for completing the up-down direction alignment in lower side door dismounting process, alignment adjusting mechanism, alignment adjusting mechanism's respectively connect in door lifting mechanism with door lifting mechanism, is used for adjusting the horizontal direction alignment in lower side door dismounting process. The utility model designs novel, and the structure is reasonable, can realize the mechanization and automation of the whole dismounting operation of open car lower side door, reaches the operation efficiency and is improved greatly, effectively reduces the labor intensity of operating personnel, improves the operation environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a disassembly and assembly device, specifically a disassembly and assembly device for the lower side door of an open railway freight car, mainly used for disassembling and assembling the lower side door of an open railway freight car, belonging to the technical field of disassembly and assembly of open railway freight car doors. Background Technology

[0002] In railway freight car maintenance, the underside doors of open wagons are a crucial component. Whether undergoing comprehensive overhauls at the factory or depot, or addressing issues like door damage, corrosion, or broken hinges in wagons requiring temporary repairs, the underside doors of open wagons often need to be disassembled, repaired, or replaced. Statistics show that in 2024 alone, relevant depots replaced a staggering 15,422 underside doors, demonstrating the immense workload involved in their disassembly and assembly—a routine and demanding task in railway freight car maintenance.

[0003] Currently, in actual operations, such as in some depots, the replacement of the lower side door of open wagons is commonly done using a self-made, manually operated disassembly and assembly trolley. This traditional method has many shortcomings:

[0004] First, the work efficiency is low. It takes about 3 people working together to disassemble and install one lower side door, which takes about 3 minutes. It takes about 40 minutes to replace all 12 lower side doors of a cab. This seriously restricts the maintenance efficiency for a large number of repairs.

[0005] Secondly, the labor intensity is high. The manual disassembly and assembly trolley mainly relies on manual hand-cranked pulleys to raise and lower the lower door and align it. The whole process is time-consuming and laborious, which consumes a lot of physical strength of the workers, easily causes fatigue, and may even cause safety hazards.

[0006] Furthermore, alignment accuracy and stability are difficult to guarantee. Manual operation is prone to deviations during alignment, affecting installation quality. Additionally, the lower door may sway during operation, increasing the difficulty and risk of operation.

[0007] Therefore, the key to solving the above-mentioned technical problems lies in developing a practical and reliable device for disassembling and assembling the lower side door of open railway freight cars. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the numerous defects and shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model has made improvements and innovations. The aim is to provide a simple and novel design that, on the one hand, uses a newly added hydraulic cylinder-driven door lifting mechanism to meet the height requirements for lower door alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the open vehicle's lower door; on the other hand, it uses a newly added hydraulic cylinder-driven door alignment mechanism to achieve horizontal alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower door; and on yet another hand, it uses a newly added electric hoist-controlled door lifting mechanism to achieve vertical alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower door.

[0009] To solve the above problems and achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, this utility model provides a railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device, which is implemented by adopting the following design structure and the following technical solution:

[0010] A device for removing and installing the lower side door of an open railway freight car, including a forklift (1), and further comprising:

[0011] Door lifting mechanism (2) is installed on the mast (11) of the forklift (1) to meet the height requirements for disassembly and assembly of the lower door (6);

[0012] The door lifting mechanism (3) is rotatably connected to the door lifting mechanism (2) at one end, and is used to complete the vertical alignment of the lower side door (6) during the disassembly and assembly process;

[0013] The alignment adjustment mechanism (4) is connected to the door lifting mechanism (2) and the door lifting mechanism (3) respectively, and is used to adjust the horizontal alignment of the lower door (6) during the disassembly and assembly process.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a shelf (5), which is inserted into the forks (12) of the forklift (1) for carrying the lower side door (6).

[0015] Preferably, the door lifting mechanism (2) includes:

[0016] Support frame (21), the lower part of support frame (21) is slidably connected to the gantry (11);

[0017] Lifting hydraulic cylinders (22) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the upper part of the support frame (21);

[0018] One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (22) is connected to the lower part of the support frame (21), and the other end is fixedly connected to the outside of the gantry (11) through the connecting seat.

[0019] Preferably, the door lifting mechanism (2) further includes guide wheels (23) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower part of the support frame (21), and the guide wheels (23) are slidably connected in the groove of the door frame (11).

[0020] Preferably, the door lifting mechanism (3) includes:

[0021] A connecting frame (31) is provided, one end of which is rotatably connected to a support frame (21) via a rotating shaft;

[0022] Electric hoist lifting machine (32) is installed in the middle of the connecting frame (31);

[0023] A pulley (33) is mounted on a connecting plate at the other end of the connecting frame (31);

[0024] The traction rope (34) has one end that goes around the pulley (33) and is connected to the electric hoist (32), and the other end is used to hook the lower side door (6).

[0025] Preferably, the traction rope (34) includes a traction rope body and two connecting ropes (341) connected to one end of the traction rope body, and hooks (342) respectively connected to the two connecting ropes (341).

[0026] Preferably, the alignment adjustment mechanism (4) is a hydraulic cylinder, and both ends of the alignment adjustment mechanism (4) are connected between the support frame (21) and the connecting frame (31) through mounting seats.

[0027] Preferably, the multi-way directional valve of the forklift (1) is a four-way valve, wherein the inner wall of the mast (11) is provided with grooves on both sides that are adapted to the guide wheel (23).

[0028] Preferably, the multi-way directional valve of the forklift (1) is connected to the lifting hydraulic cylinder (22) and the positioning adjustment mechanism (4).

[0029] Preferably, the shelf (5) includes a base (51) and uprights (52) connected to the four corners above the base (51), wherein the bottom of the base (51) is provided with slots adapted to the forks (12).

[0030] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0031] 1. This utility model has a novel design and a simple and reasonable structure. On the one hand, by adding a door lifting mechanism driven by a lifting hydraulic cylinder, it can meet the height requirements for the alignment of the lower side door during the disassembly and assembly of the open wagon. On the other hand, by adding an alignment adjustment mechanism driven by a hydraulic cylinder, it can complete the horizontal alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower side door. Furthermore, by adding a door lifting mechanism controlled by an electric hoist, it can complete the vertical alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower side door. Thus, the entire disassembly and assembly operation of the open wagon's lower side door is mechanized and automated.

[0032] 2. This utility model adopts a scheme of adding a multi-way valve control pipeline for forklifts, and uses the hydraulic power source of forklifts to control the door lifting mechanism and the positioning adjustment mechanism, thereby realizing the mechanized disassembly and assembly of the lower side door of the open truck, which significantly reduces the labor intensity of employees and greatly improves the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the lower side door.

[0033] 3. This utility model significantly improves work efficiency. The time for dismantling the 12 lower side doors of each open wagon is reduced from 18 minutes to 13 minutes, and the time for installing the doors is reduced from 26 minutes to 12 minutes, thus greatly improving work efficiency.

[0034] 4. The entire device of this utility model adopts the hydraulic control system and power supply of the forklift to realize the drive of the oil cylinder and electric hoist, which effectively reduces the labor intensity of employees and improves the working environment.

[0035] 5. The rack used in this utility model can stack and transfer 12 lower side doors at one time using the forklift forks. Compared with the original manual handling method, the work efficiency is greatly improved, and the entire maintenance process is further optimized. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0037] Figure 1 This is one of the usage state diagrams of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 This is one of the usage state diagrams of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 3 This is the second diagram showing the usage state of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 4 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 5 This is the second partial structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0042] In the diagram, the numbers are: 1—forklift, 11—mast, 12—forks;

[0043] 2—Door lifting mechanism; 21—Support frame; 22—Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 23—Guide wheel;

[0044] 3—Door lifting mechanism, 31—Connecting frame, 32—Electric hoist lifting machine, 33—Pulley, 34—Traction rope, 341—Connecting rope, 342—Hook;

[0045] 4—Alignment adjustment mechanism;

[0046] 5—Shelf, 51—Base, 52—Upright;

[0047] 6—Lower side door;

[0048] 7—Open wagon body. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the technical means, inventive features, objectives, and effects of this utility model readily understandable, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] As per the instruction manual Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a device for removing and assembling the lower side door of an open railway freight car includes a forklift 1, and further includes:

[0052] Door lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the mast 11 of forklift 1 to meet the height requirements for disassembly and assembly of the lower door 6.

[0053] The door lifting mechanism 3 is rotatably connected to the door lifting mechanism 2 at one end, and is used to complete the vertical alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower door 6.

[0054] The alignment adjustment mechanism 4 is connected to the door lifting mechanism 2 and the door lifting mechanism 3 respectively, and is used to adjust the horizontal alignment of the lower door 6 during the disassembly and assembly process.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the door lifting mechanism 2 further includes:

[0056] Support frame 21, the lower part of support frame 21 is slidably connected to the two masts 11 of the forklift (1);

[0057] Lifting hydraulic cylinders 22 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the upper part of the support frame 21;

[0058] One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the lower part of the support frame 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outside of the gantry 11 through a connecting seat.

[0059] Specifically, the door lifting mechanism 2 also includes guide wheels 23 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower part of the support frame 21, and the guide wheels 23 are slidably connected in the slide groove of the door frame 11.

[0060] In this utility model, the door lifting mechanism 2 is installed on the mast 11 of the fork lifting mechanism of the forklift 1. The power source is driven by two lifting hydraulic cylinders 22, so that the lifting height of the lower door 6 reaches the installation height requirement.

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the door lifting mechanism 3 further includes:

[0062] Connecting frame 31, one end of which is rotatably connected to support frame 21 via a rotating shaft;

[0063] Electric hoist lifting machine 32 is installed in the middle of connecting frame 31;

[0064] Pulley 33 is mounted on the connecting plate at the other end of the connecting frame 31;

[0065] The traction rope 34 has one end that passes over the pulley 33 and is connected to the electric hoist 32, and the other end is used to hook the lower side door 6.

[0066] In this invention, an electric hoist 32 is used to automatically lift the lower door 6. The power supply of the electric hoist is connected to the power supply of the forklift, and the remote control is positioned in a location easily accessible to the forklift operator. The pulley 33 is a fixed pulley, which is rotatably connected to the connecting plate at the other end of the connecting frame 31 via a fixed bracket.

[0067] Specifically, the traction rope 34 includes a traction rope body, two connecting ropes 341 connected to one end of the traction rope body, and hooks 342 respectively connected to the two connecting ropes 341.

[0068] Furthermore, the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, and both ends of the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 are connected between the support frame 21 and the connecting frame 31 through mounting seats.

[0069] In this utility model, the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 uses a hydraulic cylinder to push the connecting frame 31 to rotate, thereby realizing the transfer and alignment of the lower side door 6 from the shelf 5 and the open car body 7. The alignment adjustment mechanism 4 is connected and fixed to the door lifting mechanism 2, and the guide rod end of the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 is connected and fixed to the door lifting mechanism 3. The horizontal disassembly and positioning of the lower side door 6 is realized by the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 pushing the door lifting mechanism 3 to rotate.

[0070] Furthermore, the multi-way directional valve of the forklift 1 is a four-way valve, wherein the inner walls of the mast 11 are provided with grooves on both sides that are adapted to the guide wheels 23.

[0071] Specifically, the multi-way directional valve of the forklift 1 is connected to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 22 and the positioning adjustment mechanism 4.

[0072] More specifically, one hydraulic oil path of the four-way multi-way directional valve flows to the lifting hydraulic cylinder to raise and lower the forks; another hydraulic oil path flows to the tilting hydraulic cylinder to tilt the forks forward and backward; another hydraulic oil path flows to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 22 to raise and lower the support frame 21; and the last hydraulic oil path flows to the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 to adjust the steering of the connecting frame 31.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that it also includes a shelf 5, which is inserted into the forks 12 of the forklift 1 to support the lower side door 6.

[0075] Furthermore, the shelf 5 includes a base 51 and uprights 52 connected to the four corners above the base 51, wherein the bottom of the base 51 is provided with slots adapted to the forks 12.

[0076] In this utility model, the column 52 and the base 51 are fixedly connected or detachably connected; the slot is also provided with anti-slip pads, coatings or anti-slip stripes to prevent the shelf 51 from sliding when the forklift 1 is operated, especially when tilting or vibrating during the handling process, which can enhance stability and ensure safety.

[0077] Preferably, the rectangular accommodating space formed by the four uprights 52 has dimensions that precisely match the outline of the lower door 6, which can reliably limit the lower door 6 placed on the shelf 5 from all sides, effectively preventing the lower door 6 from shaking, shifting or tipping during storage and transportation, thus ensuring operational safety.

[0078] Specifically, by setting up rack 5, the stacking and transfer of 12 lower side doors can be carried out at one time using the forklift forks. Compared with the original manual handling method, the work efficiency is greatly improved, and the entire maintenance process is further optimized.

[0079] In summary, a more specific embodiment of this utility model is as follows:

[0080] Before using the above-mentioned design structure, the lower side door disassembly device for railway freight cars needs to be installed as a backup.

[0081] This embodiment is modified based on the Heli 2t internal combustion forklift. On the basis of the original forklift's fork lifting mechanism, a door lifting mechanism 2 and a positioning adjustment mechanism 42 sets of hydraulic cylinders are added. Therefore, the multi-way directional valve of the Heli 2t internal combustion forklift needs to be replaced from a two-way valve to a four-way valve, and two hydraulic control circuits are added to control the operation of the hydraulic cylinders of the newly added door lifting mechanism 2 and positioning adjustment mechanism 4. The multi-way directional valve of the replaced Heli 2t internal combustion forklift is a four-way valve.

[0082] Personnel configuration: During operation, 1 person is responsible for driving the forklift, and 2 people assist, for a total of 3 people working together.

[0083] The specific operating steps for disassembling the lower side door include:

[0084] 1. The forklift driver moves the forklift from position 1 to position 7 on the open wagon body to complete the initial alignment;

[0085] 2. The forklift driver operates the control lever to raise the door lifting mechanism 2 to the correct position, so that the height of the electric hoist lifting machine 32 reaches the required height for disassembling the lower side door 6 of the open truck body 7.

[0086] 3. The forklift driver operates the control lever to extend the alignment adjustment mechanism 4 and complete the horizontal alignment of the gantry hook 342;

[0087] 4. The forklift driver operates the electric hoist remote control button of the electric hoist lifting machine 32 to lower the traction rope 34 of the door lifting mechanism 3. With the help of personnel, the two hooks 342 of the door lifting mechanism 3 are respectively locked in the gap between the lower door 6 door panel and the upper end of the door strip weld.

[0088] 5. The forklift driver operates the remote control button of the electric hoist to raise the lower door 6 by about 5-10mm, so that the lower door 6 is suspended in the air, making it easier for the cooperating personnel to remove the round pin on the open truck body 7.

[0089] 6. Two assistants used tools to remove the door latch;

[0090] 7. The forklift driver operates the control lever to retract the alignment adjustment mechanism 4;

[0091] 8. The forklift driver operates the remote control button of the electric hoist of the door lifting mechanism 3 to control the lower door 6 to descend. Two cooperating personnel assist in placing the lower door 6 on the shelf 5, thus completing the disassembly of the lower door 6.

[0092] 9. The forklift driver moves the forklift 1 to the position for dismantling the second lower side door 6, and repeats the above dismantling steps. As time goes by, until all the lower side doors 6 of the open truck body 7 are hoisted onto the rack 5, the dismantling operation of the lower side doors 6 of the open truck body 7 is completed.

[0093] Specific operating steps for installing the lower side door:

[0094] 1. The forklift driver drives forklift 1 to transport rack 5, which is loaded with 12 lower side doors 6, to the installation position of open truck body 7, and completes the initial alignment before installation;

[0095] 2. The forklift driver operates the lever of the door lifting mechanism 2 to raise the door lifting mechanism 2, so that the height of the electric hoist lifting machine 32 reaches the installation height requirement of the lower side door 6 of the vehicle body.

[0096] 3. The forklift driver operates the remote control button of the electric hoist to lower the traction rope 34 of the door lifting mechanism 3, and the cooperating personnel will lock the two hooks 342 of the door lifting mechanism 3 into the gaps at the upper end of the welding of the lower door panel and the door strip of the lower door 6 respectively.

[0097] 4. The forklift driver operates the remote control button of the electric hoist to raise the traction rope 34 of the door lifting mechanism 3, and adjusts the height of the lower side door 6 up and down to complete the vertical alignment of the lower side door 6.

[0098] 5. The forklift driver operates the control lever to extend the hydraulic cylinder of the alignment adjustment mechanism 4, and adjusts the lower side door 6 that is being lifted horizontally so that it is close to the door frame of the vehicle body, thus completing the horizontal alignment of the lower side door 6.

[0099] 6. Two assistants help complete the final precise alignment, insert the round pin of the vehicle body into the door hanger and fixing seat, and insert the flat cotter pin; thus completing the installation of the lower side door 6.

[0100] 7. The forklift operator drives the forklift to the installation position of the second lower side door 6 and repeats the above installation steps. As time goes by, until all 12 lower side doors 6 on the rack 5 are installed, the installation of the lower side doors 6 of the open wagon body 7 is completed.

[0101] This invention, on the one hand, adds a door lifting mechanism driven by a lifting hydraulic cylinder to meet the height requirements for the lower side door alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the open wagon's lower side door; on the other hand, it adds an alignment adjustment mechanism driven by a hydraulic cylinder to complete the horizontal alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower side door; and on the other hand, it adds a door lifting mechanism controlled by an electric hoist to complete the vertical alignment during the disassembly and assembly of the lower side door; thus, it realizes the mechanization and automation of the entire disassembly and assembly operation of the open wagon's lower side door.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made to it.

Claims

1. A device for removing and assembling the lower side door of an open railway freight car, comprising a forklift (1), characterized in that: Also includes: Door lifting mechanism (2) is installed on the mast (11) of the forklift (1) to meet the height requirements for disassembly and assembly of the lower door (6); The door lifting mechanism (3) is rotatably connected to the door lifting mechanism (2) at one end, and is used to complete the vertical alignment of the lower side door (6) during the disassembly and assembly process; The alignment adjustment mechanism (4) is connected to the door lifting mechanism (2) and the door lifting mechanism (3) respectively, and is used to adjust the horizontal alignment of the lower door (6) during the disassembly and assembly process.

2. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a shelf (5), which is inserted into the forks (12) of the forklift (1) to carry the lower side door (6).

3. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The door lifting mechanism (2) includes: Support frame (21), the lower part of support frame (21) is slidably connected to the gantry (11); Lifting hydraulic cylinders (22) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the upper part of the support frame (21); One end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (22) is connected to the lower part of the support frame (21), and the other end is fixedly connected to the outside of the gantry (11) through the connecting seat.

4. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The door lifting mechanism (2) also includes guide wheels (23) symmetrically arranged at both ends of the lower part of the support frame (21), and the guide wheels (23) are slidably connected in the groove of the door frame (11).

5. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The door lifting mechanism (3) includes: A connecting frame (31) is provided, one end of which is rotatably connected to a support frame (21) via a rotating shaft; Electric hoist lifting machine (32) is installed in the middle of the connecting frame (31); A pulley (33) is mounted on a connecting plate at the other end of the connecting frame (31); The traction rope (34) has one end that goes around the pulley (33) and is connected to the electric hoist (32), and the other end is used to hook the lower side door (6).

6. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traction rope (34) includes a traction rope body and two connecting ropes (341) connected to one end of the traction rope body, as well as hooks (342) respectively connected to the two connecting ropes (341).

7. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment adjustment mechanism (4) is a hydraulic cylinder, and both ends of the alignment adjustment mechanism (4) are connected between the support frame (21) and the connecting frame (31) through mounting seats.

8. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-way directional valve of the forklift (1) is a four-way valve, wherein the inner wall of the mast (11) is provided with grooves on both sides that are adapted to the guide wheel (23).

9. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The forklift (1) is connected to the multi-way directional valve, the lifting hydraulic cylinder (22), and the positioning adjustment mechanism (4).

10. The railway freight car open side door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shelf (5) includes a base (51) and uprights (52) connected to the four corners above the base (51), wherein the bottom of the base (51) is provided with slots that are adapted to the forks (12).

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