A photo-voltaic driven bioelectrochemical-membrane filtration integrated device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of bioelectrochemical-membrane filtration integrated devices of photovoltaic drive, applicable to rural and sewage treatment in unpowered area.The device adopts container structure, anode chamber, cathode chamber and phosphate adsorption membrane filtration module are equipped inside, through anode electric active bacteria decomposition organic matter produces electron, and in cathode driving nitrate reduction realizes denitrification.Water is adsorbed phosphate and recycled as guano crystallization by nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane.System is driven to operate by photovoltaic panel power generation, and supporting energy storage unit can realize all-weather energy supply, with energy self-sufficiency, simultaneous phosphorus removal denitrification and resource recovery capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of wastewater treatment and new energy utilization, specifically an integrated water treatment device that combines bioelectrochemical reaction, electro-driven denitrification, membrane adsorption phosphorus removal, and solar power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Current wastewater treatment practices in rural and remote areas often face challenges such as energy supply difficulties, high operation and maintenance costs, and low resource recycling rates. Bioelectrochemical systems (BES), as a novel technology for the synergistic treatment of pollutants and energy, utilize electroactive microorganisms to oxidize and decompose organic pollutants, simultaneously generating electricity or driving electrochemical reactions. In particular, electron-driven nitrate reduction technology achieves highly efficient nitrogen removal without the need for an external carbon source, demonstrating significant application potential.

[0003] Furthermore, the resource recovery of phosphorus from water bodies remains a technical challenge in the field of wastewater treatment. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) possesses excellent selective adsorption capacity for phosphate ions and can form struvite precipitates (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) with ammonia nitrogen and magnesium ions, achieving efficient phosphorus recovery. However, most existing devices are structurally dispersed and dependent on the power grid, making them difficult to deploy off-grid or in underdeveloped areas. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a structurally integrated, energy-self-sufficient, and continuously operating nitrogen and phosphorus removal co-treatment device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a photovoltaic-driven bioelectrochemical-membrane filtration integrated device, aiming to solve the problems of existing wastewater treatment devices being structurally dispersed, dependent on the power grid, and difficult to deploy in off-grid or underdeveloped areas. The device mainly consists of a container shell, an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a nano-hydroxyapatite modified membrane filter module, a photovoltaic power supply system, and an energy storage battery module.

[0005] This device uses a container structure, which facilitates transportation and deployment, and is particularly suitable for areas without electricity or with scarce energy resources.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model includes the following structural and functional modules:

[0007] Device Structure. The device features a containerized modular design with an overall enclosed structure for easy transportation and deployment. Internally, it is divided into three functional zones: an anode zone, a cathode zone, and a membrane filtration / resource recovery zone. These three zones are connected by internal partitions and a piping system to form an integrated processing flow.

[0008] Anode chamber (bioelectrochemical reaction zone). It contains an electroactive microbial carrier and carbon-based anode materials (such as graphite felt or electrode mesh); it utilizes microbial metabolism to decompose organic matter in wastewater, releasing electrons and protons; electrons are transferred to the cathode chamber through an external circuit to form an electric current, driving the denitrification reaction; the anode reaction simultaneously reduces COD and decreases organic load.

[0009] Cathode chamber (electronically driven denitrification module). Equipped with electronically powered denitrifying bacteria (eNRB); utilizes electrons conducted from the anode to reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas, achieving efficient denitrification; forms a closed electrical circuit with the anode, eliminating the need for an external carbon source and reducing operating costs.

[0010] Phosphate adsorption and resource recovery module. It is equipped with a nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane to achieve efficient adsorption of orthophosphate (PO4³⁻) in wastewater; under suitable conditions, it forms struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) crystals, which can be recovered as phosphate fertilizer resources.

[0011] Photovoltaic power generation and energy management system. Adjustable tilt photovoltaic panels are installed on the top to improve power generation efficiency; the power generation directly drives the DC motors inside the device (including aerators and circulation pumps); surplus electrical energy is stored in energy storage batteries for nighttime power supply; the UV-LED disinfection unit automatically starts at night to ensure that the effluent meets discharge standards or is reused.

[0012] This device employs a photovoltaic power supply system and energy storage modules to ensure continuous and stable operation without external power support, achieving energy self-sufficiency. It effectively solves the dual problems of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater and energy supply, making it suitable for wastewater treatment in rural and remote areas, and possessing strong practicality and environmental adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic-driven bioelectrochemical-membrane filtration integrated device; Detailed Implementation

[0014] See Figure 1 As shown, the device adopts a container structure, internally divided into an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, and a nano-hydroxyapatite modified membrane filter module. The photovoltaic power supply system is located on the top of the container shell, and the energy storage battery module is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power supply system and integrated into one side of the container interior. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0015] The anode chamber is equipped with carbon felt anodes on which electroactive microorganisms attach. Domestic sewage flows into the anode chamber through the inlet, where it is metabolized and decomposed by the electroactive microorganisms, generating electrons. These electrons flow to the cathode chamber through an external circuit. A sludge return pipe is installed in the anode chamber to maintain the concentration of microorganisms in the system and promote the degradation of organic matter.

[0016] The cathode chamber is connected to the anode electrode via a conductive wire. Electrons flow to the cathode electrode, where eNRB (electron transfer reducing nitrate) bacteria reduce nitrates to nitrogen gas, achieving denitrification. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) is installed inside the cathode chamber to maintain the system's electroneutrality and charge balance.

[0017] The treated water flows from the cathode chamber into the nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane module. The membrane filter module uses a PVDF substrate composite nano-hydroxyapatite coated filter membrane with an average pore size of 0.1 μm and a flux of 120 L / m² / h. Phosphate is efficiently adsorbed through the nano-hydroxyapatite adsorption layer on the membrane surface.

[0018] Under certain saturation conditions, phosphate reacts with ammonia nitrogen and magnesium ions to form struvite crystals, achieving efficient phosphorus recovery.

[0019] The device is equipped with adjustable-angle photovoltaic panels on top. The installation angle of the photovoltaic panels is mechanically adjusted through a tilt adjustment structure. The tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels can be adjusted according to the actual sunshine conditions in different regions and at different times to obtain the best power generation efficiency.

[0020] The energy storage battery module consists of a lithium battery pack and is equipped with an energy management control unit. This system ensures that the electrical energy collected by the photovoltaic system during the day can be stored and automatically switches to battery power mode at night or on cloudy days. It adapts to the energy consumption requirements of various electrical components such as aerators, circulation pumps, and monitoring modules to maintain the continuous operation of the device.

[0021] Example

[0022] Integrated 20-foot container system.

[0023] The anode chamber has a volume of 1.2 m³, and the anode electrode is made of carbon felt material with dimensions of 500 mm × 400 mm × 10 mm.

[0024] The cathode electrode is made of stainless steel mesh with a surface area of ​​0.8 m².

[0025] The filter membrane uses a PVDF substrate with a hydroxyapatite coating, has an average pore size of 0.1 μm, and a flux of 120 L / m² / h.

[0026] The system has a photovoltaic module capacity of 600 W and a matching energy storage battery capacity of 3 kWh. The tilt adjustment structure of the photovoltaic power supply system can adjust the photovoltaic panel angle from 0 to 90° to adapt to different sunlight scenarios.

[0027] The influent COD concentration is approximately 300 mg / L, TN 50 mg / L, and TP 5 mg / L.

[0028] After 24 hours of operation, the effluent TN was below 10 mg / L, TP was below 0.5 mg / L, and the struvite crystallization efficiency reached over 85%.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-driven bioelectrochemical membrane filtration integrated device, comprising a container shell, an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane module, a photovoltaic power supply system, and an energy storage battery module, characterized in that: The anode chamber is equipped with an anode electrode loaded with electroactive bacteria; The cathode chamber is equipped with a cathode electrode and is connected to the anode electrode through an external circuit to form an electrical circuit to realize electron transmission. The nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane module is installed at the outlet of the cathode chamber to adsorb phosphates and promote struvite crystallization. The photovoltaic power supply system is electrically connected to the energy storage battery module to achieve energy self-sufficiency and ensure continuous operation of the device.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode electrode is made of carbon felt, and the anode chamber is equipped with an inlet and a sludge return pipe.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter membrane material of the nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane module is PVDF or PES, and its surface is loaded with nano-hydroxyapatite particles.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-hydroxyapatite modified filter membrane module is equipped with a struvite precipitator and a visualization observation window.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power supply system includes a tilt adjustment structure to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panels according to the angle of sunlight.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage battery module includes a lithium battery pack and an energy management control unit, and supports automatic switching.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode chamber is equipped with an eNRB bacterial membrane carrier to enhance nitrate reduction efficiency.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A proton exchange membrane is provided between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber to maintain the electrical neutrality inside the device during electron transfer.

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