A system for preparing air-separated light material RDF

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of air separation light material RDF preparation system;Including first feeding bin, pretreatment unit, granulator and storage unit, the output end of the pretreatment unit is connected with the first feeding bin, the output end of the granulator is connected with the pretreatment unit, the output end of the storage unit is connected with the granulator, the pretreatment unit includes screening mechanism, pulverizer and air separator, the screening mechanism is connected with the first feeding bin, the discharge end of the screening mechanism is connected with the pulverizer, the discharge end of the pulverizer is connected with the air separator, the air separator is connected with the granulator. The utility model garbage is pretreated by pretreatment unit before entering granulator, soil is screened out by screening mechanism, fine material is obtained by pulverizer processing, and fine material is air separated by air separator to obtain material to be granulated, mainly composed of high calorific value substance, reduce ash content, improve granulation efficiency and granulation quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solid waste treatment technology, and in particular to an air-classified lightweight material RDF preparation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid urbanization and rising living standards, the production of urban mineral resources (scrap cars, motorcycles, household appliances, etc.) and household waste is increasing daily. How to rationally recycle these resources has become a pressing issue. Waste incineration is a waste recycling method. It involves reducing the volume of waste through appropriate thermal decomposition, combustion, and melting reactions at high temperatures, resulting in residue or molten solid matter. Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) is one type of waste incineration, primarily involving the incineration of solid fuel rods from waste. However, in the preparation of RDF, waste is often directly pelletized without pretreatment, affecting subsequent pelletizing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system, comprising a first feeding hopper, a pretreatment unit, a granulator, and a storage unit. The pretreatment unit is connected to the output end of the first feeding hopper, the granulator is connected to the output end of the pretreatment unit, and the storage unit is connected to the output end of the granulator. The pretreatment unit includes a screening mechanism, a crusher, and an air classifier. The screening mechanism is connected to the first feeding hopper, the crusher is connected to the discharge end of the screening mechanism, the air classifier is connected to the discharge end of the crusher, and the air classifier is connected to the granulator.

[0004] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit also includes a dust collector, which is connected to the light material discharge end of the air classifier, and the granulator is connected to the discharge end of the dust collector.

[0005] Furthermore, the pretreatment unit also includes a second feeding bin, the inlet of which is connected to the dust collector, and the outlet of which is connected to the pellet mill.

[0006] Furthermore, a stirrer is provided inside the second feeding bin.

[0007] Furthermore, there are two granulators, and both granulators are connected to the air classifier.

[0008] Furthermore, the storage unit includes a storage bin and a cooler, the storage bin being connected to the discharge end of the pellet mill, and the cooler being mounted on the storage bin.

[0009] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is also installed inside the storage silo.

[0010] Furthermore, the first feeding bin and the screening mechanism are connected by a first screw conveyor, and the crusher and the screening mechanism are connected by a second screw conveyor.

[0011] Furthermore, the screening mechanism is a drum screen, a vibrating screen, or a swing screen.

[0012] Furthermore, the air separator is a Z-shaped air separator.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] 1) The wind-classified lightweight material RDF preparation system provided by this utility model pre-treats the waste through a pre-treatment unit before it enters the pellet mill. The soil is screened out by a screening mechanism, and the fine crushed material is processed by a crusher. The fine crushed material is then air-classified by a wind classifier to obtain the material to be granulated. The material is mainly composed of high-calorific-value substances, which reduces ash content and improves pelleting efficiency and pelleting quality.

[0015] 2) The wind-classified lightweight material RDF preparation system provided by this utility model can improve the quality of the material to be granulated by removing dust from the material after it has been classified by the wind classifier and then removed by the dust collector, thereby improving the granulation quality. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wind-classified lightweight material RDF preparation system provided by this utility model.

[0018] 1-First feeding bin; 2-Screwing mechanism; 3-Crusher; 4-Air separator; 5-Pelletizer; 6-First screw conveyor; 7-Second screw conveyor; 8-Third screw conveyor; 9-Dust collector; 10-First belt conveyor; 11-Second feeding bin; 12-Fourth screw conveyor; 13-Second belt conveyor; 14-Storage bin; 15-Cooler. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of certain parts may be enlarged for clarity.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can be internal connections between two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "center", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Additionally, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0023] As per the instruction manual Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides an air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system, including a first feeding bin 1, a pretreatment unit, a pellet mill 5, and a storage unit. The pretreatment unit is connected to the output end of the first feeding bin 1, the pellet mill 5 is connected to the output end of the pretreatment unit, and the storage unit is connected to the output end of the pellet mill 5. The pretreatment unit includes a screening mechanism 2, a crusher 3, and an air classifier 4. The screening mechanism 2 is connected to the first feeding bin 1, the crusher 3 is connected to the discharge end of the screening mechanism 2, the air classifier 4 is connected to the discharge end of the crusher 3, and the air classifier 4 is connected to the pellet mill 5.

[0024] Specifically, the materials used to prepare RDF mainly come from municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and biomass. The materials are fed into the first feeding bin 1, then screened by the screening mechanism 2, crushed by the crusher 3, and air-separated by the air classifier 4 to obtain the material to be granulated. This material is then conveyed to the pellet mill 5, where it is extruded from the ring die to form solid fuel rods, i.e., RDF fuel. RDF fuel features high calorific value, stable combustion, easy transportation and storage, low secondary pollution, and low dioxin emissions. It can be used in drying engineering, cement manufacturing, heating engineering, and power generation. RDF fuel can replace coal or natural gas in industries such as cement plants, power plants, and steam boilers, saving energy and costs.

[0025] As one specific implementation, the first feeding bin 1 is preferably a forced feeding bin. The material is sent to the first feeding bin 1 by a belt conveyor. The bottom of the first feeding bin 1 is provided with a discharge port. The material is forcibly conveyed to the screening mechanism 2 by rotating and stirring.

[0026] Preferably, the screening mechanism 2 is a drum screen, a vibrating screen, or a gyratory screen. In this embodiment, the screening mechanism 2 is preferably a drum screen, which is equipped with an inner screen. When the material passes through the inner screen of the drum screen, impurities such as 0-3mm mud can be screened out, thereby increasing the calorific value of the remaining material and reducing the ash content.

[0027] Preferably, the first feeding bin 1 and the screening mechanism 2 are connected by a first screw conveyor 6, and the crusher 3 and the screening mechanism 2 are connected by a second screw conveyor 7. Material output from the outlet of the first feeding bin 1 enters the screening mechanism 2 via the first screw conveyor 6. Material larger than the mesh size after the soil is removed by the screening mechanism 2 enters the crusher 3 from the tail of the drum screen via the second screw conveyor 7. The screening mechanism 2 is also equipped with a slag outlet for discharging the screened soil, etc. A third screw conveyor 8 is installed at the slag outlet to transport the soil out for centralized processing. Material transport via various screw conveyors results in a compact structure that meets environmental protection requirements, preventing dust leakage and environmental impact.

[0028] Preferably, after the material is conveyed to the crusher 3 by the second screw conveyor 7, the crusher 3 crushes the material into fine fragments. The fine fragments enter the air separator 4, where heavy materials such as metals are directly output from the air separator 4, and light materials are sent to the pellet mill 5 to be made into solid fuel rods. In this embodiment, the material after screening is first crushed by the crusher 3 and then enters the air separator 4 for air separation. On the one hand, this can crush large pieces or materials wrapped by other debris, breaking the wrapping effect and making them easier to separate in the air separator. After crushing, the mass ratio of different materials changes, which facilitates the air separation of light and heavy materials and can improve the air separation efficiency and purity. On the other hand, the particle size of the crushed material is more uniform, which is beneficial to air separation, and heavy materials will settle to the bottom during the crushing process, avoiding damage to the equipment by heavy materials.

[0029] As one specific implementation, the air classifier 4 is preferably a Z-shaped air classifier. The finely crushed material is directly fed into the Z-shaped air classifier, while heavy materials such as metals are directly deposited at the bottom of the air classifier, collected and processed centrally, and the light materials are sent to the next process.

[0030] In an optimized implementation, the pretreatment unit further includes a dust collector 9, which is connected to the light material discharge end of the air classifier 4, and the granulator 5 is connected to the discharge end of the dust collector 9. The dust collector 9 is preferably a cyclone dust collector. The light material after air classification by the air classifier 4 enters the dust collector 9 for further dust removal, which removes inorganic impurities, improves the mechanical properties of the subsequent granulated products, and reduces wear on the granulator caused by hard impurities such as sand and glass shards. Dust removal can significantly extend the service life of core equipment and reduce downtime for maintenance and the cost of replacing parts.

[0031] As one specific implementation, the output end of the dust collector 9 is equipped with a shut-off valve. After being processed by the dust collector, the light material is output through the shut-off valve. A first belt conveyor 10 is configured at the shut-off valve to send the light material from the dust collector to the next process.

[0032] In an optimized implementation, the pretreatment unit further includes a second feeding bin 11. The inlet end of the second feeding bin 11 is connected to the first belt conveyor 10. Light materials in the dust collector are transported to the second feeding bin 11 via the first belt conveyor 10. The outlet end of the second feeding bin 11 is connected to the pellet mill 5.

[0033] In an optimized implementation, a stirrer is provided inside the second feeding bin 11. The stirrer can mix the lightweight material evenly and also force the lightweight material to be output to the next process.

[0034] Preferably, the output end of the second feeding bin 11 is equipped with a fourth screw conveyor 12, and the light material from the second feeding bin 11 is sent to the pellet mill 5 for extrusion and pelleting after passing through the fourth screw conveyor 12.

[0035] As one specific implementation, there are two pellet mills 5 and two fourth screw conveyors 12. The pellet mills 5 and the fourth screw conveyors 12 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The two pellet mills 5 are respectively connected to the second feeding bin 11 through the corresponding fourth screw conveyor 12. The two pellet mills 5 are used alternately, one as a backup, during material feeding or maintenance, so that the system can work continuously.

[0036] In an optimized implementation, the storage unit includes a storage bin 14 and a cooler 15. The storage bin 14 is connected to the pellet mill 5 via a second belt conveyor 13. The fuel rods produced by the pellet mill 5 are transported to the storage bin 14 for storage. Because the temperature of the fuel rods output by the pellet mill 5 is high, the storage bin 14 is equipped with a cooler 15 to cool down the high-temperature fuel rods.

[0037] As one specific implementation, the cooler 15 can be an air cooler, which cools the fuel rods by outputting cold air, and the cold air output end is connected to the storage silo 14.

[0038] Preferably, the storage bin 14 is also equipped with a temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the storage bin 14. When the temperature inside the storage bin 14 is higher than the set value, the cooler is turned on to cool down the storage bin 14 until the temperature inside the storage bin 14 is maintained within the set temperature.

[0039] The RDF pellets obtained in this application have the characteristics of high calorific value, stable combustion, easy transportation and storage, low secondary pollution, and low dioxin emissions. They are widely used in drying engineering, cement manufacturing, heating engineering, and power generation. After crushing and screening, RDF is mainly composed of high-calorific-value substances with low ash content. The materials mainly come from municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and biomass. Replacing coal or natural gas with RDF fuel in cement plants, power plants, steam boilers, and other industries can significantly save energy and costs.

[0040] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will understand that this invention can be implemented in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Although embodiments of this invention have been described, it should be understood that this invention is not limited to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for preparing RDF (Regenerative Thermal Dioxide) from air-classified lightweight materials, characterized in that, The device includes a first feeding hopper, a pretreatment unit, a pellet mill, and a storage unit. The pretreatment unit is connected to the output end of the first feeding hopper, the pellet mill is connected to the output end of the pretreatment unit, and the storage unit is connected to the output end of the pellet mill. The pretreatment unit includes a screening mechanism, a crusher, and an air classifier. The screening mechanism is connected to the first feeding hopper, the crusher is connected to the discharge end of the screening mechanism, the air classifier is connected to the discharge end of the crusher, and the air classifier is connected to the pellet mill.

2. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment unit also includes a dust collector, which is connected to the light material discharge end of the air classifier, and the granulator is connected to the discharge end of the dust collector.

3. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pretreatment unit further includes a second feeding bin, the inlet of which is connected to the dust collector, and the outlet of which is connected to the pellet mill.

4. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second feeding bin is equipped with a stirrer.

5. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two granulators, and both granulators are connected to the air classifier.

6. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage unit includes a storage bin and a cooler. The storage bin is connected to the discharge end of the pellet mill, and the cooler is installed on the storage bin.

7. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The storage silo is also equipped with a temperature sensor.

8. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first feeding bin and the screening mechanism are connected by a first screw conveyor, and the crusher and the screening mechanism are connected by a second screw conveyor.

9. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening mechanism is a drum screen, a vibrating screen, or a swing screen.

10. The air-classified lightweight RDF preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air separator is a Z-shaped air separator.

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