Composite elastic cushioning railway sleeper

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of composite elastic cushioning railway sleeper, it includes sleeper main body, multilayer elastic cushion, adjusting bolt, sliding press plate and locking block and the structure such as etc..Through rotating adjusting bolt and driving sliding press plate to move, the compression degree of elastic cushion is changed to adjust damping performance, simultaneously, using arc transmission rod and locking block cooperation realizes the quick disassembly and replacement of elastic cushion.The utility model can flexibly adjust damping effect according to train load, effectively disperses vibration impact force, prolongs service life, and significantly simplifies maintenance process, reduces maintenance cost, improves sleeper overall stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway track engineering technology, and in particular to a composite elastic pad for shock absorption railway sleeper. Background Technology

[0002] Because train operation generates significant vibrations and noise during railway transportation, vibration damping designs are typically incorporated into the sleeper structure to improve track stability and passenger comfort. However, in practical applications, the vibration damping effect of existing railway sleepers often relies on a single material or a simple structural design, which can lead to a gradual decline in damping performance under long-term train loads. Furthermore, to ensure the lifespan and stability of the sleepers, regular maintenance or replacement is usually required, but current sleeper designs can result in complex and time-consuming maintenance processes. Therefore, this invention improves upon existing railway sleepers with a composite elastic padding layer for enhanced vibration damping and simplified maintenance procedures. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a composite elastic pad for shock absorption railway sleeper, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows: a composite elastic pad-layer vibration-damping railway sleeper, specifically comprising: a sleeper body, the sleeper body being a cuboid structure with an installation groove at its top; a rail support plate fixedly installed inside the installation groove; a rectangular groove at the bottom of the sleeper body; multiple layers of elastic pads fixedly installed inside the rectangular groove; the multiple layers of elastic pads being made of high-molecular elastic material, with their thickness increasing sequentially from top to bottom; symmetrical through-holes on both sides of the sleeper body; guide posts fixedly installed inside the adjustment holes; a sliding pressure plate slidably installed on the outer side of the guide posts; a threaded hole at the top of the sliding pressure plate; an adjusting bolt threadedly connected inside the threaded hole; a handwheel fixedly installed at the top of the adjusting bolt; an arc-shaped transmission rod fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate; the end of the arc-shaped transmission rod having a spherical structure; the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod slidably installed in the inclined groove of a locking block; a limit groove on the outer side of the locking block; and one end of a spring A slidably installed inside the limit groove.

[0005] In at least some embodiments, the other end of spring A is embedded in the end wall of the limiting groove; a locking protrusion is fixedly installed at the bottom of the locking block; the outer side of the locking protrusion cooperates with the slot of the fixing seat; the top of the fixing seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the multi-layer elastic pad; slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the fixing seat; anti-slip textures are opened inside the slots; one end of a return spring is fixedly installed at the top of the locking block; the other end of the return spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate.

[0006] In at least some embodiments, when the sliding pressure plate moves downward, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod slides along the inclined groove of the locking block, thereby causing the locking block to move outward along the limiting groove; when the locking block moves outward, the engaging protrusion disengages from the slot of the fixed seat, releasing the fixed connection between the multi-layer elastic pad and the fixed seat; when the sliding pressure plate moves upward, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod slides in the opposite direction along the inclined groove of the locking block, thereby causing the locking block to move inward along the limiting groove, re-engaging the engaging protrusion into the slot of the fixed seat, completing the fixed connection of the multi-layer elastic pad.

[0007] In at least some embodiments, the adjusting bolt rotates to move the sliding pressure plate along the guide post. When the sliding pressure plate moves downward, it applies pressure to the multi-layer elastic pad, further compressing the thickness of the elastic pad and thus enhancing the shock absorption performance. When the sliding pressure plate moves upward, the compression of the multi-layer elastic pad decreases, and the shock absorption performance weakens accordingly. The rotation angle of the adjusting bolt is proportional to the moving distance of the sliding pressure plate, which facilitates the operator to accurately adjust the shock absorption performance according to actual needs.

[0008] In at least some embodiments, a guide block is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate; the outer side of the guide block is slidably installed in the guide groove of the sleeper body; a lubricating coating is provided inside the guide groove; one end of a shock-absorbing spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide block; the other end of the shock-absorbing spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide groove; the shock-absorbing spring plays a buffering role when the sliding pressure plate moves up and down, so as to prevent the sliding pressure plate from being damaged by excessive external impact force.

[0009] This utility model provides a composite elastic padding shock-absorbing railway sleeper, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] The sleeper body, through the installation of multiple layers of elastic pads and the combination of adjusting bolts and sliding pressure plates, allows for adjustment of the compression degree of the elastic pads according to actual needs, thereby flexibly changing the vibration damping performance to meet the usage requirements under different train load conditions. Simultaneously, the design of the multi-layered elastic pads with progressively increasing thickness from top to bottom effectively disperses the vibrations and impacts generated during train operation, extending the sleeper's service life.

[0011] The use of an arc-shaped transmission rod and a locking block enables the rapid disassembly and replacement of multiple elastic pads. Workers can easily unlock and secure the elastic pads simply by rotating the adjusting bolts, significantly simplifying the maintenance process and reducing maintenance time and labor costs.

[0012] The guide grooves and shock-absorbing springs in the sleeper body provide additional cushioning protection when the sliding pressure plate moves, preventing damage to the sliding pressure plate or elastic pad due to excessive external impact, thereby improving the overall stability and reliability of the sleeper. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model, showing the arrangement of the sleeper body, multiple elastic pads, adjusting bolts, and sliding pressure plate.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the locking block and the fixed base of this utility model, which mainly shows the working state of the arc-shaped transmission rod, the locking block and the engaging protrusion.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the guide groove and shock-absorbing spring of this utility model, highlighting the installation position and interaction of the guide block and the shock-absorbing spring.

[0016] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0017] 1. Sleeper body; 2. Multi-layer elastic padding; 3. Adjusting bolt; 4. Sliding pressure plate; 5. Arc-shaped transmission rod; 6. Locking block; 7. Fixed seat; 8. Guide groove; 9. Shock-absorbing spring; 10. Guide block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This utility model relates to a composite elastic cushion layer vibration-damping railway sleeper, the structural composition and operating principle of which are described in conjunction with the attached... Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 and appendix Figure 3 Please provide a detailed explanation. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the sleeper body 1 is a cuboid structure with a mounting groove on its top, where a rail support plate is fixedly installed to support the rail. A rectangular groove is formed at the bottom of the sleeper body 1, inside which multiple layers of elastic pads 2 are fixedly installed. These multiple elastic pads 2 are made of high-polymer elastic material, with their thickness increasing progressively from top to bottom. This design, by increasing the thickness layer by layer, allows the vibrations and impacts generated during train operation to be dispersed layer by layer, thus achieving a better shock absorption effect. Symmetrical through-holes are formed on both sides of the sleeper body 1, with guide posts fixedly installed inside each hole. Sliding pressure plates 4 are slidably mounted on the outer side of the guide posts. A threaded hole is formed at the top of the sliding pressure plate 4, with an adjusting bolt 3 threadedly connected inside. A handwheel is fixedly installed at the top of the adjusting bolt 3 for manual operation.

[0019] An arc-shaped transmission rod 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate 4. The end of the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 is spherical, and this spherical structure is slidably installed in the inclined groove of the locking block 6. A limit groove is opened on the outer side of the locking block 6, and one end of a spring A is slidably installed inside the limit groove. The other end of the spring A is embedded in the end wall of the limit groove. A locking protrusion is fixedly installed at the bottom of the locking block 6, and the outer side of the locking protrusion cooperates with the locking groove of the fixed seat 7. The top of the fixed seat 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the multi-layer elastic pad 2. The fixed seat 7 has symmetrical locking grooves on both sides, and the inside of the locking grooves has anti-slip textures to enhance locking stability. One end of a return spring is fixedly installed at the top of the locking block 6, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate 4. In the above structure, when the sliding pressure plate 4 moves downward, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 slides along the inclined groove of the locking block 6, thereby causing the locking block 6 to move outward along the limit groove. When the locking block 6 moves outward, the engaging protrusion disengages from the slot of the fixed seat 7, releasing the fixed connection between the multi-layer elastic pad 2 and the fixed seat 7. When the sliding pressure plate 4 moves upward, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 slides in the opposite direction along the inclined groove of the locking block 6, thereby causing the locking block 6 to move inward along the limiting groove, re-engaging the engaging protrusion into the slot of the fixed seat 7, completing the fixed connection of the multi-layer elastic pad 2.

[0020] The adjusting bolt 3 rotates to move the sliding pressure plate 4 along the guide post. When the sliding pressure plate 4 moves downward, it applies pressure to the multi-layer elastic pad 2, further compressing the thickness of the elastic pads and thus enhancing the damping performance. When the sliding pressure plate 4 moves upward, the compression of the multi-layer elastic pad 2 decreases, and the damping performance weakens accordingly. The rotation angle of the adjusting bolt 3 is directly proportional to the movement distance of the sliding pressure plate 4, allowing operators to precisely adjust the damping performance according to actual needs.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, a guide block 10 is also fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate 4. The outer side of the guide block 10 is slidably installed in the guide groove 8 of the sleeper body 1. A lubricating coating is provided inside the guide groove 8 to reduce frictional resistance. One end of a shock-absorbing spring 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide block 10, and the other end of the shock-absorbing spring 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide groove 8. The shock-absorbing spring 9 plays a buffering role when the sliding pressure plate 4 moves up and down, preventing the sliding pressure plate 4 from being damaged by excessive external impact force.

[0022] In practical applications, when it is necessary to adjust the damping performance of the multi-layer elastic pad 2, the operator can rotate the handwheel of the adjusting bolt 3 to make the adjusting bolt 3 rotate. The rotation of the adjusting bolt 3 will drive the sliding pressure plate 4 to move up and down along the guide column. When the sliding pressure plate 4 moves downward, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 slides along the inclined groove of the locking block 6, pushing the locking block 6 to move outward along the limiting groove. At this time, the locking protrusion at the bottom of the locking block 6 disengages from the slot of the fixed seat 7, releasing the fixed connection between the multi-layer elastic pad 2 and the fixed seat 7. Subsequently, the sliding pressure plate 4 continues to move downward, applying pressure to the multi-layer elastic pad 2, further compressing its thickness, thereby enhancing the damping performance. When it is necessary to restore or weaken the damping performance, the operator rotates the adjusting bolt 3 in the opposite direction to make the sliding pressure plate 4 move upward. During this process, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 slides in the opposite direction along the inclined groove of the locking block 6, pushing the locking block 6 to move inward along the limiting groove, and re-engaging the locking protrusion into the slot of the fixing seat 7, thus completing the fixed connection of the multi-layer elastic pad 2.

[0023] Furthermore, during long-term train operation, the multi-layer elastic pad 2 may experience wear or aging, requiring replacement. Workers simply need to rotate the adjusting bolt 3 to move the sliding pressure plate 4 downwards, releasing the fixing connection between the multi-layer elastic pad 2 and the fixed seat 7. Then, the multi-layer elastic pad 2 can be removed from the rectangular groove in the sleeper body 1 and replaced with a new one. After replacement, the adjusting bolt 3 is rotated again to move the sliding pressure plate 4 upwards, re-fixing the multi-layer elastic pad 2 to the fixed seat 7. The entire maintenance process requires no additional tools, is simple and quick, and significantly reduces maintenance time and labor costs.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the mating structure between the locking block 6 and the fixing seat 7 plays a crucial role in the rapid disassembly and replacement of the multi-layer elastic pad 2. The locking protrusion of the locking block 6 and the slot of the fixing seat 7 have high mating precision, while the anti-slip texture inside the slot further enhances the engagement stability. When the locking block 6 moves outward along the limiting groove, the locking protrusion can quickly disengage from the slot, achieving the unlocking function; when the locking block 6 moves inward along the limiting groove, the locking protrusion can accurately re-engage into the slot, achieving the locking function. This design not only improves the installation and disassembly efficiency of the multi-layer elastic pad 2 but also ensures its stability during use.

[0025] In summary, this utility model, through the inclusion of multiple elastic pads 2, adjusting bolts 3, sliding pressure plates 4, arc-shaped transmission rods 5, locking blocks 6, fixing seats 7, guide grooves 8, shock-absorbing springs 9, and guide blocks 10, achieves flexible adjustment and rapid maintenance of the vibration damping performance of railway sleepers. The connection relationships and interactions between the various components ensure the stability and reliability of the sleepers during train operation, while simplifying the maintenance process and extending the service life of the sleepers.

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the following supplementary explanation of the specific implementation principle of this utility model is provided in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0027] After the railway track is laid and put into use, the vibrations and impacts generated during train operation will continuously affect the sleepers. To ensure track stability and ride comfort, the shock absorption performance of the sleepers needs to be adjusted according to actual needs. First, the staff rotates the handwheel of the adjusting bolt 3, causing the adjusting bolt 3 to rotate along its threaded hole. The rotation of the adjusting bolt 3 will drive the sliding pressure plate 4 to move downward along the guide post. During this process, the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 fixed at the bottom of the sliding pressure plate 4 descends accordingly, and the spherical structure at its end slides along the inclined groove of the locking block 6. Due to the design of the inclined groove, the sliding of the spherical structure pushes the locking block 6 to move outward along the limiting groove. At this time, the engaging protrusion at the bottom of the locking block 6 disengages from the slot of the fixed seat 7, thereby releasing the fixed connection between the multi-layer elastic pad 2 and the fixed seat 7. This unlocking process relies on the cooperation between the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 and the inclined groove of the locking block 6, as well as the elastic action of the spring A, to ensure that the unlocking action is smooth and reliable.

[0028] After the locking protrusion of the locking block 6 completely disengages from the slot of the fixing seat 7, the sliding pressure plate 4 continues to move downward, applying pressure to the multi-layer elastic pad 2. Because the multi-layer elastic pad 2 is made of high-molecular elastic material, its progressively increasing thickness design allows external pressure to be evenly distributed to each layer. As the sliding pressure plate 4 moves further downward, the thickness of the multi-layer elastic pad 2 gradually compresses, causing the internal elastic material to deform more significantly under pressure, thereby enhancing the shock absorption effect. This process can be flexibly adjusted according to changes in train load. For example, when a heavy-load train is passing through, the degree of compression can be increased to improve shock absorption performance; while during light loads or maintenance, the degree of compression can be appropriately reduced to extend the service life of the elastic pad.

[0029] When it is necessary to restore or weaken the damping performance, the operator rotates the handwheel of the adjusting bolt 3 in the opposite direction, causing the sliding pressure plate 4 to move upward along the guide post. During this process, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod 5 slides in the opposite direction along the inclined groove of the locking block 6, pushing the locking block 6 to move inward along the limiting groove. The engaging protrusion of the locking block 6 re-engages into the slot of the fixing seat 7, completing the fixed connection of the multi-layer elastic pad 2. The slot of the fixing seat 7 has anti-slip textures inside, which enhances the engagement stability and ensures that the multi-layer elastic pad 2 remains firmly connected during train operation. In addition, the return spring further ensures that the reset action of the locking block 6 is smooth and precise.

[0030] During long-term train operation, the multi-layer elastic pad 2 may need to be replaced due to wear or aging. In this case, the worker simply rotates the adjusting bolt 3 to move the sliding pressure plate 4 downwards, releasing the fixed connection between the multi-layer elastic pad 2 and the fixed seat 7. Then, the multi-layer elastic pad 2 is removed from the rectangular groove in the sleeper body 1, and a new elastic pad is installed. After replacement, the adjusting bolt 3 is rotated again to move the sliding pressure plate 4 upwards, re-fixing the multi-layer elastic pad 2 to the fixed seat 7. The entire maintenance process requires no additional tools, is simple and quick, and significantly reduces maintenance time and labor costs.

[0031] During the up-and-down movement of the sliding pressure plate 4, the guide block 10 slides along the guide groove 8 of the sleeper body 1, serving as a guide and limiting element. The lubricating coating inside the guide groove 8 reduces frictional resistance, ensuring smooth and stable movement of the sliding pressure plate 4. Simultaneously, the shock-absorbing spring 9 provides cushioning protection during the up-and-down movement of the sliding pressure plate 4, preventing damage to the sliding pressure plate 4 or related components due to excessive external impact. The inclusion of the shock-absorbing spring 9 not only improves the overall stability of the sleeper but also extends the service life of each component.

[0032] In summary, this utility model, through the synergistic action of components such as adjusting bolt 3, sliding pressure plate 4, arc-shaped transmission rod 5, locking block 6, and fixing seat 7, achieves flexible adjustment and rapid maintenance of the vibration damping performance of railway sleepers. The connection relationship and interaction between the components ensure the stability and reliability of the sleepers during train operation, while simplifying the maintenance process and extending the service life of the sleepers. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite elastic cushion layer vibration-damping railway sleeper, comprising: The sleeper body (1) is a cuboid structure with an installation groove on its top, in which a rail support plate is fixedly installed. The bottom of the sleeper body (1) has a rectangular groove, in which multiple elastic pads (2) are fixedly installed. The multiple elastic pads (2) are made of high-molecular elastic material, and their thickness increases from top to bottom. Symmetrical through-holes are provided on both sides of the sleeper body (1), in which guide posts are fixedly installed. A sliding pressure plate (4) is slidably installed on the outside of the guide post. A threaded hole is provided on the top of the sliding pressure plate (4), in which an adjusting bolt (3) is threaded. A handwheel is fixedly installed on the top of the adjusting bolt (3). A handwheel is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sliding pressure plate (4). There is an arc-shaped transmission rod (5); the end of the arc-shaped transmission rod (5) is spherical; the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod (5) is slidably installed in the inclined groove of the locking block (6); a limit groove is opened on the outer side of the locking block (6); one end of the spring A is slidably installed in the limit groove; a locking protrusion is fixedly installed on the bottom of the locking block (6); the outer side of the locking protrusion cooperates with the slot of the fixed seat (7); the top of the fixed seat (7) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the multi-layer elastic pad (2); slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the fixed seat (7); anti-slip texture is opened inside the slots; one end of the return spring is fixedly installed on the top of the locking block (6); the other end of the return spring is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sliding pressure plate (4).

2. The composite elastic padding railway sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the spring A is embedded in the end wall of the limiting groove.

3. The composite elastic padding railway sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod (5) will slide along the inclined groove of the locking block (6) when the sliding pressure plate (4) moves downward, thereby causing the locking block (6) to move outward along the limiting groove; when the locking block (6) moves outward, the engaging protrusion will disengage from the slot of the fixed seat (7).

4. The composite elastic cushion layer vibration-damping railway sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the sliding pressure plate (4) moves upward, the spherical structure of the arc-shaped transmission rod (5) slides in the opposite direction along the inclined groove of the locking block (6), thereby causing the locking block (6) to move inward along the limiting groove and re-engage the locking protrusion into the slot of the fixed seat (7).

5. A composite elastic pad-type vibration-damping railway sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sliding pressure plate (4) is also fixedly installed with a guide block (10); the outer side of the guide block (10) is slidably installed in the guide groove (8) of the sleeper body (1); the inside of the guide groove (8) is provided with a lubricating coating; one end of the shock-absorbing spring (9) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide block (10); the other end of the shock-absorbing spring (9) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide groove (8).

6. A composite elastic cushion layer vibration-damping railway sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting bolt (3) rotates to drive the sliding pressure plate (4) to move along the guide post. When the sliding pressure plate (4) moves downward, it applies pressure to the multi-layer elastic pad (2), further compressing the thickness of the multi-layer elastic pad (2). When the sliding pressure plate (4) moves upward, the compression of the multi-layer elastic pad (2) decreases.

7. A composite elastic pad-type vibration-damping railway sleeper according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing spring (9) plays a buffering role when the sliding pressure plate (4) moves up and down.

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