Ecological composite retaining wall

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of side slope protection discloses an ecological composite retaining wall, including the concrete retaining wall of side L type, the concrete retaining wall is anchored on the side slope through the anchor muscle, is provided with the ecological soil layer between the vertical section and the horizontal section of concrete retaining wall, the top of ecological soil layer cladding the top of concrete retaining wall, the surface of ecological soil layer is provided with ecological bag, is connected through the geogrid between ecological bag, reserves the planting mouth between the ecological bag of ecological soil layer top, and the planting mouth is used for planting trees. The utility model not only has excellent retaining effect, but also can solve the problem that the existing cement retaining wall does not have the ecological characteristic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection, specifically to an ecological composite retaining wall. Background Technology

[0002] As a core protective structure in geotechnical and civil engineering fields, retaining walls play a crucial role in balancing the lateral pressure of the soil through their own structural strength, effectively constraining the displacement of loose soil or slopes, and thus achieving key functions such as slope stability, preventing collapses and landslides, and protecting site safety.

[0003] In existing technologies, the most widely used retaining walls are ordinary cement-cast structures (or precast cement component assembly structures). Their core design focuses on mechanical stability—relying on the high density and high strength of cement materials, they resist the lateral pressure of the soil through their own weight or structural anchoring, which can meet the needs of basic retaining, slope protection, and anti-collapse engineering, and have long occupied a dominant position in various infrastructure scenarios.

[0004] However, these traditional cement retaining walls have significant ecological shortcomings. First, the airtight nature of cement completely isolates the soil from the outside world, blocking soil microbial activity, plant root extension, and surface water infiltration and circulation. This disrupts the continuity of the original soil ecosystem, resulting in an "ecological isolation zone" around the retaining wall, making it difficult for vegetation to grow naturally and for organisms to live in the environment. Second, traditional cement retaining walls have poor landscape compatibility, with a monotonous and rigid surface that cannot be organically integrated with the surrounding natural environment or ecological restoration scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an ecological composite retaining wall to solve the problem that existing cement retaining walls do not have ecological characteristics.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An ecological composite retaining wall includes an L-shaped concrete retaining wall anchored to the slope by anchor bars. An ecological soil layer is provided between the vertical and horizontal sections of the concrete retaining wall. The top of the ecological soil layer covers the top of the concrete retaining wall. Ecological bags are provided on the surface of the ecological soil layer and connected to each other by geogrids. Planting openings are reserved between the ecological bags located at the top of the ecological soil layer for planting trees.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, the anchor bar includes a main anchor bar, which is horizontally connected to the concrete retaining wall and the slope.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, two layers of ecological bags are set on the ecological soil layer, and the two layers of ecological bags are set alternately, and the two layers of ecological bags are connected and fixed by ecological bag connecting buckles.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, a limiting wall is provided at the top of the free end of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall, and the ecological soil layer is placed inside the limiting wall.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the surface of the limiting wall is also covered with ecological bags, and the ecological bags on the limiting wall are connected to the ecological soil layer.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the surface of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall is provided with anti-slip keys.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, anti-slip keys are also provided at the bottom of the concrete retaining wall.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the anchor bar also includes an inclined auxiliary anchor bar, with one end of the auxiliary anchor bar connected to the concrete retaining wall higher than the end extending into the slope.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the auxiliary anchor bar is connected with a tie bar, which is placed inside the ecological soil layer and staggered from the planting opening.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the tie bar is a hollow tie bar, the tie bar is set at an angle downward, a drainage ditch is provided at the bottom of the concrete retaining wall, the bottom end of the tie bar is connected to the drainage ditch, and seepage holes are provided on the side wall of the tie bar.

[0016] The principle and advantages of this scheme are: 1. This scheme adopts an L-shaped concrete retaining wall structure, with the vertical section of the retaining wall set close to the slope. Simultaneously, ecological soil is piled up within the area enclosed by the vertical and horizontal sections, and ecological bags are laid on the surface of the ecological soil, forming a composite protection system of "retaining wall-soil-ecological bags." This system, on the one hand, utilizes the structural strength of the L-shaped retaining wall, the self-overlapping of the ecological soil and ecological bags, and the anchoring tension of the anchor bars to construct multiple mechanical supports, effectively balancing the lateral pressure of the soil and achieving a stable and reliable soil retention effect. On the other hand, the grass seeds cultivated in the ecological bags, combined with the thick planting soil layer formed by the ecological soil within the retaining wall area, provide ample space for tree cultivation. Compared to the single mode of planting grass only through ecological bags, this significantly improves the regional vegetation coverage and ecological diversity. Furthermore, the extensive root systems of the trees further enhance soil compaction, adding extra protection to the structural stability of the retaining wall. In addition, compared with the traditional ecological transformation method of laying ecological bags all over the surface of the retaining wall, the amount of ecological bags used is greatly reduced, the project cost is effectively controlled, and it is practical, ecological and economical.

[0017] 2. This solution employs a double-layered ecological bag system, with the two layers arranged in a staggered pattern. The two layers are tightly interlocked via ecological bag fasteners, ensuring no relative displacement between the upper and lower layers and forming a robust longitudinal force-transfer structure. Ecological bags within the same layer are laterally connected using geogrids, making each layer a unified whole for stress distribution. This effectively disperses localized stress and prevents damage or displacement caused by uneven stress on individual ecological bags. This dual longitudinal and transverse reinforcement design significantly improves the impact resistance and overall stability of the entire ecological bag system. Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of the two layers effectively fills any gaps that may exist during single-layer installation, resulting in a more uniform and dense ecological bag coverage. This provides a more continuous and ample attachment space for grass growth, preventing sparse or empty areas.

[0018] 3. This solution adds a limiting wall at the top of the free end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped retaining wall. This wall, together with the vertical and horizontal sections of the L-shaped retaining wall, forms a semi-enclosed structure. It effectively blocks the internally piled ecological soil layer from the end of the horizontal section, restraining the displacement of the ecological soil through physical limiting. Simultaneously, ecological bags are laid on the surface of the limiting wall, avoiding the visual abruptness caused by exposed concrete walls. This creates visual unity between the limiting wall and the ecological bag coverage of the main L-shaped retaining wall, resulting in a cleaner and more harmonious appearance for the entire retaining wall structure.

[0019] 4. The anti-slip keys on the horizontal section surface of the retaining wall can penetrate deep into the ecological soil layer above, increasing the friction between the soil and the retaining wall through physical embedding, effectively limiting the horizontal sliding displacement of the ecological soil and further enhancing the overall stability of the ecological soil layer. The anti-slip keys at the bottom of the retaining wall can be firmly embedded in the foundation bearing layer, forming a stable support similar to "anchor claws," significantly improving the bonding strength between the L-shaped retaining wall and the foundation, and reducing the risk of overall slippage caused by soil lateral pressure. The synergistic design of the dual anti-slip keys strengthens the anti-slip performance at the two core contact interfaces: the ecological soil and the retaining wall, and the retaining wall and the foundation, thereby improving the structural stability and bearing capacity of the entire retaining wall.

[0020] 5. This scheme employs a synergistic anchoring system of "horizontal main anchor bars + inclined auxiliary anchor bars" to precisely offset the combined forces exerted by landslides on the retaining wall. The force exerted by the slope on the L-shaped retaining wall can be decomposed into two components: a horizontal component and a vertical component. The horizontally positioned main anchor bars directly engage the retaining wall and the slope rock mass, forming an anchoring force opposite to the direction of the horizontal component, effectively offsetting the horizontal force from the landslide. Meanwhile, the inclined auxiliary anchor bars, inserted downwards into the slope, further enhance the offsetting effect of the horizontal component and, through their own inclination angle, provide upward pull-out resistance, effectively weakening the influence of the vertical component. The two types of anchor bars, each performing its specific function while working together, construct a comprehensive anchoring support, ensuring the long-term stability of the connection between the L-shaped retaining wall and the slope.

[0021] 6. The auxiliary anchor bars and the tie bars extending downwards to the bottom of the L-shaped retaining wall work together: The tie bars are embedded throughout the ecological soil layer, and their rigid framework effectively binds the surrounding soil particles, enhancing the overall density and resistance to dispersion of the ecological soil layer. More importantly, the auxiliary anchor bars inserted downwards into the slope and the tie bars connecting downwards to the bottom of the retaining wall, together with the horizontal section of the L-shaped retaining wall, form a triangular stable structure. This structure evenly distributes the load transmitted from the slope and the stress borne by the retaining wall across all three components, significantly improving the overall deformation resistance and structural stability of the retaining wall.

[0022] 7. Hollow-structured tie bars are used and extended at an incline to connect to the pre-set drainage ditch inside the horizontal section of the L-shaped retaining wall. In addition to achieving the above-mentioned stability effect in conjunction with the retaining wall and auxiliary anchor bars, the tie bars can also use their hollow structure to construct an efficient drainage channel. Water accumulated inside the ecological soil layer due to rainfall and infiltration can enter the tie bars through the seepage holes (smaller than the particle size of the ecological soil) and then flow along the inclined tie bars to the drainage ditch of the horizontal section of the retaining wall, and finally be discharged from the drainage ditch. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0029] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. slope, 2. concrete retaining wall, 3. main anchor bar, 4. ecological soil layer, 5. ecological bag, 6. limiting wall, 7. anti-slip key, 8. auxiliary anchor bar, 9. tie bar. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, an ecological composite retaining wall includes an L-shaped concrete retaining wall 2. The vertical section of the concrete retaining wall 2 is anchored to the slope 1 by anchor bars, including main anchor bars 3, which horizontally connect the vertical section of the concrete retaining wall 2 and the slope 1. An ecological soil layer 4 is provided in the area enclosed by the vertical and horizontal sections of the concrete retaining wall 2. The ecological soil layer 4 is constructed by piling up ecological soil and covers the top of the concrete retaining wall 2 to prevent the concrete retaining wall 2 from being exposed. Ecological bags 5 are laid on the surface of the ecological soil layer 4. In this embodiment, two layers of ecological bags 5 are laid and alternately arranged. The two layers of ecological bags 5 are connected and fixed by ecological bag connectors. The ecological bags 5 in the same layer are connected by geogrids. Planting openings are reserved between the ecological bags 5 at the top of the ecological soil layer 4 for planting trees.

[0031] In practical application, the concrete retaining wall 2 is anchored to the slope 1 using main anchor bars 3. Ecological soil is piled up within the enclosed area of ​​the vertical and horizontal sections of the concrete retaining wall 2, covering the top of the retaining wall 2. Then, two layers of ecological bags 5 are laid on the surface of the ecological soil layer 4, arranged in an alternating pattern, with the upper ecological bag 5 aligning with the gaps in the lower ecological bag 5. Ecological bags 5 within the same layer are connected by geogrids, and the upper and lower layers are fixed together using dedicated ecological bag 5 connectors. When laying the two layers of ecological bags 5, multiple planting openings need to be reserved at intervals on the top of the ecological soil layer 4. After the ecological bags 5 are laid, trees are planted at these planting openings.

[0032] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a limiting wall 6 is integrally cast at the top of the free end of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall 2, an ecological soil layer 4 is piled inside the limiting wall 6, and an ecological bag 5 is also laid on the surface of the limiting wall 6. The ecological bags 5 on the limiting wall 6 are connected to the ecological bags 5 on the ecological soil layer 4.

[0033] In this embodiment, a limiting wall 6 is used to restrict the ecological soil layer 4 on the front side. The limiting wall 6 and the L-shaped concrete retaining wall 2 form a semi-enclosed structure, which can surround the ecological soil layer 4 and prevent it from shifting.

[0034] Example 3 like Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the surface of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall 2 is processed with anti-slip keys 7, and the bottom of the concrete retaining wall 2 is also processed with anti-slip keys 7.

[0035] In this embodiment, anti-slip keys 7 are machined on both the surface and bottom of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall 2. The anti-slip keys 7 on the surface of the horizontal section can increase the friction and interlocking force with the ecological soil layer 4, further preventing the ecological soil layer 4 from shifting and improving the stability of the ecological soil layer 4. The anti-slip keys 7 at the bottom of the concrete retaining wall 2 can increase the friction with the foundation, thereby improving the positional stability of the concrete retaining wall 2.

[0036] Example 4 like Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the anchor bar also includes an inclined auxiliary anchor bar 8. The end of the auxiliary anchor bar 8 connected to the concrete retaining wall 2 is higher than the end that extends into the slope 1, that is, the auxiliary anchor bar 8 is inserted into the slope 1 at an inclined downward.

[0037] In this embodiment, the concrete retaining wall 2 is anchored together by the horizontally set main anchor bar 3 and the inclined auxiliary anchor bar 8, which can further improve the stability of the concrete retaining wall 2.

[0038] Example 5 like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the auxiliary anchor bar 8 is connected to the tie bar 9, the tie bar 9 is set in the ecological soil layer 4, and the tie bar 9 is staggered from the planting opening.

[0039] In this embodiment, a tie bar 9 is provided on the auxiliary anchor bar 8, and the tie bar 9 is located inside the ecological soil layer 4. The tie bar 9 can strengthen the traction between the tie bar 9 and the soil particles of the ecological soil layer 4, and further prevent the ecological soil layer 4 from shifting.

[0040] Example 6 like Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 5 is that the tie bar 9 is a hollow tie bar, the tie bar 9 is set at an angle downwards, a drainage ditch is opened in the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall 2, the bottom end of the tie bar 9 is connected to the drainage ditch, and a seepage hole is opened on the side wall of the tie bar 9, the diameter of the seepage hole is smaller than the particle size of the ecological soil.

[0041] In this embodiment, the tie bar 9 is inclined downwards. The inclined tie bar 9, the inclined auxiliary anchor bar 8, and the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall 2 form a triangular structure, which can further improve the stability of the entire retaining wall structure. In addition, hollow tie bars 9 are used, and the tie bars 9 are connected to the drainage ditch in the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall 2. The hollow tie bars 9 can form a drainage channel inside the ecological soil layer 4, which can smoothly guide infiltrated water and rainwater to the drainage ditch for discharge.

[0042] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An ecological composite retaining wall, characterized in that: It includes an L-shaped concrete retaining wall on the side, which is anchored to the slope by anchor bars. An ecological soil layer is set between the vertical and horizontal sections of the concrete retaining wall. The top of the ecological soil layer covers the top of the concrete retaining wall. Ecological bags are set on the surface of the ecological soil layer and are connected by geogrid. Planting openings are reserved between the ecological bags at the top of the ecological soil layer for planting trees.

2. The ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bars include the main anchor bars, which are horizontally connected to the concrete retaining wall and the slope.

3. The ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two layers of ecological bags are set on the ecological soil layer, and the two layers of ecological bags are set alternately. The two layers of ecological bags are connected and fixed by ecological bag connecting buckles.

4. The ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting wall is installed at the top of the free end of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall, and an ecological soil layer is placed inside the limiting wall.

5. An ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: Ecological bags are also laid on the surface of the limiting low wall, and the ecological bags on the limiting low wall are connected to the ecological bags on the ecological soil layer.

6. The ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall is equipped with anti-slip keys.

7. An ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: Anti-slip keys are also installed at the bottom of the concrete retaining wall.

8. An ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor bars also include inclined auxiliary anchor bars, with one end of the auxiliary anchor bar connected to the concrete retaining wall higher than the end extending into the slope.

9. An ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: The auxiliary anchor bar is connected with a tie bar, which is placed inside the ecological soil layer and is staggered from the planting opening.

10. An ecological composite retaining wall according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tie rod is hollow and is installed at an angle downwards. A drainage ditch is provided in the horizontal section of the concrete retaining wall, and the bottom end of the tie rod is connected to the drainage ditch. Water seepage holes are provided on the side wall of the tie rod.

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