Soundproofing and sound-absorbing decorative structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522658809.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-16
AI Technical Summary
然而，当前建筑普遍面临两大声学问题：一是部分墙体(如老房、单墙)自身隔音性能薄弱，导致声音易穿透；二是砖混、玻璃、大理石等光滑硬质表面的大量使用，使得室内平均吸声系数极低(例如白抹灰墙面仅约0.05)，声波经墙面、地面、顶面多次反射叠加形成混响噪声，严重影响人们的听觉体验
[0015]一方面，本实用新型提供的隔音吸声装饰结构通过阻尼减震层和隔音板层的复合设计，实现了对噪声的协同治理。阻尼减震层能有效抑制并耗散声波的振动传递，隔音板层则凭借其高面密度与密实结构，高效阻隔空气声的透射传播，二者结合，从传播路径上显著提升了墙体整体的隔声量。与此同时，在隔音板外侧粘结的吸声棉层将声能通过摩擦转化为热能加以耗散，这一设计能大幅降低室内声波的反射强度，缩短混响时间，有效消除回声与嘈杂感，从而提升语音清晰度与听觉舒适度。
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Figure CN224918632U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure. Background Technology
[0002] As people's requirements for indoor acoustic environment quality increase, the application of sound insulation and noise reduction materials in various buildings is becoming increasingly widespread. However, current buildings generally face two major acoustic problems: First, some walls (such as those in old houses or single walls) have weak sound insulation performance, making it easy for sound to penetrate; second, the extensive use of smooth and hard surfaces such as brick, glass, and marble results in extremely low average sound absorption coefficients indoors (for example, only about 0.05 for white plastered walls). Sound waves are reflected and superimposed multiple times by the walls, floors, and ceilings, forming reverberant noise that seriously affects people's auditory experience.
[0003] To address these issues, the market primarily utilizes porous materials such as sound-absorbing cotton, polyester fiber, perforated gypsum board, mineral wool board, and wood wool board. While these materials effectively absorb and reduce the back-and-forth reflections from indoor sound sources, their effectiveness in isolating transmitted and vibrating sound waves is limited. Furthermore, they suffer from systemic drawbacks related to fire resistance, moisture resistance, deformation, and aesthetics. Existing technological solutions often focus on single sound absorption or insulation functions, resulting in materials prone to moisture deformation, complex structures, or large space requirements, making it difficult to balance long-term performance with aesthetic appeal. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure that not only has excellent sound insulation and noise reduction performance, but also takes into account moisture resistance, fire resistance, heat insulation and good decorative effect.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:
[0006] This application provides a sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure, comprising a damping and vibration reduction layer, a sound insulation board layer, a sound-absorbing cotton layer, and a sound-permeable decorative layer arranged sequentially from the mounting substrate outwards; the damping and vibration reduction layer is bonded to the mounting substrate, the sound insulation board layer is fixedly connected to the damping and vibration reduction layer by anchors, the rod of the anchors passes through the mounting substrate, the damping and vibration reduction layer, and the sound insulation board layer, the head of the anchors is disposed within the sound-absorbing cotton layer, the sound-absorbing cotton layer is bonded to the sound insulation board layer, and the sound-permeable decorative layer is bonded to the sound-absorbing cotton layer; the damping and vibration reduction layer is made of a polymer damping material, the sound insulation board layer is an inorganic non-metallic sheet, the sound-absorbing cotton layer is made of an inorganic fiber material, the sound insulation board layer and the sound-absorbing cotton layer are inorganic materials with moisture-proof and fire-resistant properties, and the sound-permeable decorative layer is made of a material with sound transmission and decorative functions.
[0007] Preferably, a keel layer is provided between the mounting base and the damping layer, between the damping layer and the sound insulation board layer, and / or between the sound insulation board layer and the sound-absorbing cotton layer.
[0008] Preferably, the damping layer is made of one or more of rubber, polyurethane, and epoxy resin.
[0009] Preferably, the inorganic non-metallic board is selected from one or more of fiber-reinforced cement board, magnesium oxide board, and calcium silicate board.
[0010] Preferably, the sound-absorbing cotton layer is made of glass fiber cotton and / or rock wool material.
[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the sound-absorbing cotton layer is 20mm to 80mm.
[0012] Preferably, the sound-permeable finishing layer is a sound-permeable non-woven fabric and / or a sound-permeable coating.
[0013] Preferably, the sound insulation board layer or sound-absorbing cotton layer is made up of multiple pieces spliced together, and the seams are filled with sealant.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0015] On the one hand, the sound-absorbing and sound-insulating decorative structure provided by this utility model achieves synergistic noise control through the composite design of a damping and vibration-damping layer and a sound-insulating panel layer. The damping and vibration-damping layer can effectively suppress and dissipate the vibration transmission of sound waves, while the sound-insulating panel layer, with its high surface density and dense structure, effectively blocks the transmission of airborne sound. The combination of the two significantly improves the overall sound insulation of the wall from the propagation path. At the same time, the sound-absorbing cotton layer bonded to the outside of the sound-insulating panel dissipates sound energy by converting it into heat energy through friction. This design can significantly reduce the reflection intensity of indoor sound waves, shorten the reverberation time, effectively eliminate echoes and noise, thereby improving speech clarity and auditory comfort.
[0016] On the other hand, this invention uses fire-resistant and moisture-proof inorganic materials to construct the core functional layer. This gives the entire structural system not only excellent sound insulation and absorption performance, but also good moisture resistance and fire resistance, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional porous sound-absorbing materials that are prone to moisture absorption, deformation, and low fire resistance, thus extending their service life. Furthermore, the multi-layered composite structure formed by the damping and vibration-damping layer, sound insulation board layer, and sound-absorbing cotton layer provides excellent overall thermal insulation performance.
[0017] Finally, the use of the acoustically transparent finish layer gives the overall structure a very good decorative effect, making it particularly suitable for occasions with extremely high decorative requirements for acoustic performance. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.
[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is an overall structural schematic of the sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure provided in the embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 2 The diagram shown is an installation schematic of the sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure provided in the embodiment of this application;
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0022] 1-Installation substrate, 2-Damping and vibration damping layer, 3-Sound insulation board layer, 4-Sound absorbing cotton layer, 5-Sound-permeable finishing layer, 6-Anchoring components. Detailed Implementation
[0023] Various exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application.
[0024] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.
[0025] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.
[0026] In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
[0027] Various modifications and variations can be made to this application without departing from its spirit or scope, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, this application is intended to cover modifications and variations falling within the scope of the corresponding claims (the claimed technical solutions) and their equivalents. It should be noted that the embodiments provided in this application can be combined with each other without contradiction.
[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.
[0029] Please refer to Figure 1This application provides a sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure, including a damping and vibration reduction layer 2, a sound insulation board layer 3, a sound-absorbing cotton layer 4, and a sound-permeable decorative layer 5 arranged sequentially from the mounting base 1 outwards; the damping and vibration reduction layer 2 is bonded to the mounting base 1, the sound insulation board layer 3 is fixedly connected to the damping and vibration reduction layer 2 by nail anchors 6, the rod of the nail anchors 6 passes through the mounting base 1, the damping and vibration reduction layer 2, and the sound insulation board layer 3, the head of the nail anchors 6 is disposed in the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4, the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 is bonded to the sound insulation board layer 3, and the sound-permeable decorative layer 5 is bonded to the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4; the damping and vibration reduction layer 2 is made of a polymer damping material, the sound insulation board layer 3 is an inorganic non-metallic board, the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 is made of an inorganic fiber material, the sound insulation board layer 3 and the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 are inorganic materials with moisture-proof and fire-resistant properties, and the sound-permeable decorative layer 5 is made of a material with sound transmission and decorative function.
[0030] In this embodiment, the mounting base 1 is the existing wall of the building, including but not limited to brick walls, concrete walls, or light steel keel partition walls. Before construction, the mounting base 1 needs to be cleaned to ensure that the surface of the original wall is flat, free of oil stains and loose materials, so as to ensure the firm adhesion and stable performance of the subsequent layers of materials. The damping and vibration reduction layer 2 is made of high-polymer damping material. This layer absorbs the mechanical energy of the wall vibration caused by sound waves and converts it into a small amount of heat energy through the viscoelasticity and high internal resistance characteristics of the material itself. This weakens or even blocks the vibration transmission from the propagation path, reduces solid-borne sound transmission, and has a particularly outstanding effect on suppressing low- and medium-frequency vibrations (such as footsteps and equipment resonance). This layer and the sound insulation board layer 3 on the back together constitute a "damping-mass" composite sound insulation system. The damping and vibration reduction layer 2 is responsible for weakening the vibration transmission, while the sound insulation board layer 3 further blocks the transmission of airborne sound. The two form a double blockage in the sound propagation path, thereby improving the weighted sound insulation (Rw) and impact sound insulation (Ln,w) of the wall as a whole. The sound insulation layer 3 is made of inorganic non-metallic board. These materials have high density and a compact structure, which can effectively reflect and dissipate most of the airborne sound wave energy that attempts to penetrate. This layer is mechanically connected to the damping and vibration reduction layer 2 and the mounting base 1 through anchors 6 (such as self-tapping screws and expansion bolts). The rod of the anchor 6 passes through the sound insulation layer 3 and the damping and vibration reduction layer 2 in sequence and is anchored into the mounting base 1 to ensure the firmness and safety of the entire decorative structure. Its head is embedded in the subsequently laid sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 and does not come into direct contact with any rigid objects on the outside. Instead, it is wrapped and isolated by soft, porous, and elastic sound-absorbing cotton. This design blocks the acoustic path of vibration energy to continue to propagate and radiate through the anchors 6, thereby eliminating the "sound bridge" effect to the greatest extent while ensuring installation safety and achieving the optimization of sound insulation performance. The sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 is made of inorganic fiber material. When sound waves enter the material, the sound energy is converted into heat energy through air friction and fiber vibration, achieving efficient absorption of mid-to-high frequency airborne sound, significantly reducing indoor reverberation time and improving speech intelligibility. The sound-permeable decorative layer 5 is located on the outside of the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4. This layer has excellent sound wave transmission performance, allowing sound waves to enter the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 without obstruction. Its surface can be decorated with various colors and textures, achieving a unity of acoustic function and aesthetic effect. During construction, 1-3 coats of sound-permeable paint can be applied according to design requirements, or custom-patterned sound-permeable non-woven fabric can be pasted to form a complete, smooth, and beautiful decorative surface. All main materials are inorganic or high-polymer stable materials, possessing good moisture resistance, fire resistance, and deformation resistance, making them suitable for various environments.
[0031] Furthermore, a keel layer is provided between the mounting base 1 and the damping and vibration damping layer 2, between the damping and vibration damping layer 2 and the sound insulation board layer 3, and / or between the sound insulation board layer 3 and the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4. The air layer naturally formed by the pores in the keel layer can act as a Helmholtz resonator in the low-frequency range of sound waves, thereby increasing the sound insulation and noise reduction capability of the entire system.
[0032] Furthermore, the damping layer 2 is made of one or more of rubber, polyurethane, and epoxy resin. These materials have excellent moisture-proof, corrosion-resistant, and anti-aging properties, ensuring long-term stable damping performance and preventing failure due to environmental changes, thereby ensuring the longevity of the entire sound insulation system.
[0033] Furthermore, the inorganic non-metallic boards are selected from one or more of fiber-reinforced cement boards, magnesium oxide boards, and calcium silicate boards. These materials possess high surface density, thus providing excellent airborne sound insulation performance; and they all have non-combustible, moisture-proof, and stable chemical properties, making up for the defects of traditional sound insulation boards that are prone to moisture deformation, leading to surface cracking, structural loosening, and decreased sound insulation performance, while greatly improving the fire safety level of the building itself.
[0034] Furthermore, the sound-absorbing layer 4 is made of glass fiber wool and / or rock wool. These materials consist of countless fine, interwoven inorganic fibers, forming a large number of interconnected micropores and voids. When sound waves enter, the air vibrates in these micropores, generating intense friction with the fibers, thereby efficiently converting sound energy into heat energy, achieving high-efficiency sound absorption over a wide frequency range (especially mid-to-high frequencies). Both are Class A non-combustible materials, ensuring building safety and meeting fire safety regulations. Rock wool and glass fiber wool have a water repellency rate of over 99%, and even in high-humidity environments, their physical structure and sound absorption performance will not undergo permanent attenuation or deformation due to moisture.
[0035] Furthermore, the thickness of the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 is 20mm to 80mm. This thickness range is an optimized choice that combines performance and space utilization, effectively reducing indoor reverberation time and improving speech intelligibility.
[0036] Furthermore, the sound-permeable finishing layer 5 is composed of sound-permeable non-woven fabric and / or sound-permeable coating. The sound-permeable non-woven fabric is made of interwoven fibers with a large and uniform porosity, allowing sound waves to pass through almost unimpeded. The sound-permeable coating forms a paint film with a microporous structure, similarly allowing sound waves to penetrate and reach the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 behind it. The characteristics of both perfectly protect the sound absorption coefficient of the inner sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 from being weakened by the finishing layer, allowing its sound absorption performance to be 100% utilized. Moreover, its flexible nature allows it to fit tightly with the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4, preventing unnecessary sound radiation due to its own vibration, ensuring the purity of the system's sound insulation performance, and avoiding a rigid connection with the base layer, thus preventing the formation of sound bridges. In addition, both the sound-permeable non-woven fabric and the sound-permeable coating have a wide range of colors and textures to choose from, enabling integrated decoration of walls and ceilings with a soft and sophisticated visual effect.
[0037] Furthermore, the sound insulation layer 3 or the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 is made up of multiple pieces spliced together, and the seams are filled with sealant, which effectively blocks the path of sound waves directly propagating through the gaps.
[0038] Installation Method 1
[0039] Before construction, the surface of the original building wall (such as brick wall, concrete wall, etc.) used as the installation base 1 is cleaned to ensure that it is flat, solid, free of oil stains and loose materials. The damping and vibration reduction layer 2 is directly and fully attached to the surface of the installation base 1 using a special adhesive. The sound insulation board layer 3 is laid on the surface of the damping and vibration reduction layer 2, and then mechanically fixed using nail anchors 6 (such as self-tapping screws, expansion bolts, etc.). During fixing, the rod of the nail anchor 6 is vertically passed through the sound insulation board layer 3 and the damping and vibration reduction layer 2 in sequence, and finally anchored in the installation base 1. A sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 of predetermined thickness is taken and fully attached to the outer surface of the sound insulation board layer 3 using a special adhesive. Finally, the sound-permeable decorative layer 5 is applied to the outer surface of the sound-absorbing cotton layer 4 using a corresponding bonding process. If sound-permeable non-woven fabric is used, it should be applied flat as a whole. If sound-permeable coating is used, it can be applied by roller coating or spraying in 1 to 3 coats until a continuous, uniform and decorative surface is formed. The joints between adjacent damping and shock-absorbing layers 2, sound insulation layers 3, or sound-absorbing cotton layers 4 are fully sealed with sealant.
[0040] Installation Method 2
[0041] refer to Figure 2 The damping and vibration reduction layer 2, sound insulation board layer 3, sound-absorbing cotton layer 4, and sound-permeable decorative layer 5 are prefabricated in the factory using bonding and mechanical composite processes to form a similar structure. Anchors 6 are pre-installed on the sound insulation board layer 3, allowing the entire composite panel to be directly anchored to the mounting base 1 during on-site installation. The joints between adjacent composite panels are also fully sealed with sealant. Finally, one or more layers of sound-permeable decorative layer 5 are applied to the outer surface to provide the best decorative effect. This method, by prefabricating the core functional layers in the factory, significantly reduces on-site wet work and multi-layer alternating construction procedures, significantly improving installation efficiency and construction consistency. Furthermore, due to standardized factory production, the product quality is very stable, and the overall coating effect is better.
[0042] While specific embodiments of this application have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A sound-insulating and sound-absorbing decorative structure, characterized in that, The system comprises, sequentially arranged from the mounting base (1) outwards, a damping and vibration-damping layer (2), a sound insulation board layer (3), a sound-absorbing cotton layer (4), and a sound-permeable decorative layer (5); the damping and vibration-damping layer (2) is bonded to the mounting base (1), the sound insulation board layer (3) is fixedly connected to the damping and vibration-damping layer (2) by a nail anchor (6), the rod of the nail anchor (6) passes through the mounting base (1), the damping and vibration-damping layer (2), and the sound insulation board layer (3), the head of the nail anchor (6) is located in the sound-absorbing cotton layer (4), the sound-absorbing cotton layer (4) is bonded to the sound insulation board layer (3), and the sound-permeable decorative layer (5) is bonded to the sound-absorbing cotton layer (4); The damping and shock absorption layer (2) is made of polymer damping material, the sound insulation board layer (3) is an inorganic non-metallic board with moisture-proof and fire-resistant properties, the sound-absorbing cotton layer (4) is made of inorganic fiber material with moisture-proof and fire-resistant properties, and the sound-permeable decorative layer (5) is made of a material with sound-permeable and decorative functions.
2. The sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A keel layer is provided between the mounting base (1) and the damping and shock absorption layer (2), between the damping and shock absorption layer (2) and the sound insulation board layer (3), and / or between the sound insulation board layer (3) and the sound-absorbing cotton layer (4).
3. The sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping and shock-absorbing layer (2) is made of one or more of rubber, polyurethane, and epoxy resin.
4. The sound insulation and sound absorption decorative structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic non-metallic board is selected from one or more of fiber-reinforced cement board, magnesium oxide board, and calcium silicate board.
5. The sound-insulating and sound-absorbing decorative structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound-absorbing cotton layer (4) is made of glass fiber cotton and / or rock wool.
6. The sound-insulating and sound-absorbing decorative structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the sound-absorbing cotton layer (4) is 20mm to 80mm.
7. The sound-insulating and sound-absorbing decorative structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound-permeable finishing layer (5) is a sound-permeable non-woven fabric and / or a sound-permeable coating.
8. The sound-insulating and sound-absorbing decorative structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound insulation board layer (3) or sound-absorbing cotton layer (4) is made up of multiple pieces spliced together, and the seams are filled with sealant.