Modified phosphogypsum exterior wall construction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of phosphogypsum building components, and particularly discloses a modified phosphogypsum outer wall structure. The modified phosphogypsum outer wall structure comprises a gypsum core wall, the surface of the gypsum core wall is provided with a waterproof wall skin, the lower end of the gypsum core wall is provided with a wall cushion formed by concrete solid bricks and waterproof mortar masonry, the wall cushion and the gypsum core wall are provided with a mortar layer used for connection, and the waterproof wall skin covers the gypsum core wall and reaches the lowermost end of the wall cushion connected with the ground. The modified phosphogypsum outer wall structure solves the technical problems that the waterproof work of the phosphogypsum wall body in the prior art only protects the splashed water on the surface of the wall body and the moisture in the air, and once the wall corner position is in water, the wall body will still be rotten, mildew and the surface will be powdery due to the hygroscopicity and water absorption of the phosphogypsum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of phosphogypsum building components, and specifically discloses a modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure. Background Technology

[0002] With agricultural development and the continuous expansion of market demand for fertilizers, the phosphate fertilizer industry has entered a period of rapid development. However, this development has also brought significant environmental pollution problems. The wet-process phosphoric acid production of phosphate fertilizer produces a large amount of phosphogypsum—an industrial waste primarily composed of calcium sulfate. Typically, approximately 4.5 tons of phosphogypsum are produced as a byproduct for every ton of P2O5 produced. For a long time, domestic phosphate fertilizer companies, especially those in phosphorus-rich areas such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei, and Sichuan, have generally used slag dumps to dispose of phosphogypsum. This not only occupies a large amount of land, but also, due to long-term immersion in rainwater, soluble P2O5, fluorides, and other harmful substances in the phosphogypsum migrate with the leachate, causing serious pollution to the soil, water bodies, and even the atmosphere of surrounding and downstream areas.

[0003] To address the issue of phosphogypsum disposal, existing technologies utilize it in building components, such as using waste phosphogypsum to make wall panels for housing construction, thus making full use of the waste phosphogypsum. Due to the large volume of wall materials, phosphogypsum wall materials are one of the main ways to achieve large-scale disposal of phosphogypsum. However, phosphogypsum wall materials are limited by their strong hygroscopic and water-absorbing properties, resulting in limited application in practical applications, primarily limited to relatively dry partition walls in building construction, thus limiting disposal. To address the limitation of phosphogypsum application in walls, existing technologies mostly employ waterproof mortar to protect phosphogypsum walls. For example, patent publication number CN220469188U discloses a phosphogypsum composite exterior wall structure, which features a waterproof mortar protective component on the outside of a gypsum core wall made of phosphogypsum, using this component to provide waterproof protection for the phosphogypsum wall.

[0004] While the aforementioned patented technology can also waterproof phosphogypsum walls, overcoming some of the limitations of phosphogypsum wall material's hygroscopicity and water absorption, its waterproof layer is only externally attached to the wall surface. It only protects against splashes of water and moisture in the air. If the corners of the wall are submerged in water, the hygroscopic and water-absorbing properties of phosphogypsum will still cause the wall to rot, mold, and peel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure to solve the technical problems mentioned above. The existing technology for waterproofing phosphogypsum walls only protects against splashes of water and moisture in the air on the wall surface. However, once the corners of the wall are soaked in water, the hygroscopic and water-absorbing properties of phosphogypsum will still cause the wall to "rot at the base," become moldy, and peel off the surface.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure, including a gypsum core wall, the surface of the gypsum core wall is provided with a waterproof wall skin, the lower end of the gypsum core wall is provided with a wall pad made of solid concrete bricks and waterproof mortar, the wall pad and the gypsum core wall are provided with a mortar layer for connection, and the waterproof wall skin covers from the outside of the gypsum core wall to the lowest point where the wall pad connects with the ground.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this implementation plan are as follows: Phosphogypsum wall materials are limited by their strong hygroscopic and water-absorbing properties, restricting their practical application to relatively dry partition walls in building construction, thus limiting their usability. Current technologies, in an effort to overcome these limitations, often involve applying a waterproof mortar layer to the surface of the phosphogypsum wall. However, this waterproof layer is merely an external layer, offering protection against surface splashes and airborne moisture. If the base of the wall is submerged in water, the hygroscopic and water-absorbing properties of phosphogypsum will still lead to root rot, mold, and surface powdering. This makes it unsuitable for use in buildings exposed to water (such as toilets, kitchens, and bathrooms). Furthermore, when used on exterior walls, rainwater flowing down the surface and reaching the base, where floor slabs provide cover, can cause waterlogging at the corners. Therefore, its application scenarios are limited. The wall pad at the bottom of this application prevents the phosphogypsum block wall from developing rotten roots, mold, and surface powdering due to water seepage at the bottom. The mortar layer connecting the wall pad and the gypsum core wall avoids exposure at the bottom of the gypsum core wall, and the waterproof wall covering extends from the outside of the gypsum core wall to the bottom of the wall pad where it meets the ground, preventing rainwater from seeping in through the wall pad and gypsum core layer. The wall pad, gypsum core layer, and waterproof wall covering, together with solid concrete bricks, modified phosphogypsum blocks, and waterproof plaster mortar, form a rigid self-waterproofing system. The addition of a water-soluble film-forming, dense waterproofing agent further enhances the overall waterproof performance of the phosphogypsum wall. This wall is lightweight, has good fire resistance, and excellent temperature and humidity regulation properties, enriching the utilization methods of phosphogypsum walls, expanding application scenarios, and maximizing the utilization of phosphogypsum. Statistics show that phosphogypsum blocks can be used in building exterior walls, toilets, kitchens, bathrooms, and other locations where they may come into contact with water. This can increase the amount of phosphogypsum that can be disposed of by 2 times, and the use of the same material for the interior partition walls and exterior walls also facilitates construction organization and improves construction efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, the gypsum core wall is constructed from phosphogypsum blocks.

[0009] Furthermore, the phosphogypsum block has a socket structure on its surface along the vertical direction of the gypsum core wall, and both ends of the block have protruding tenons and recessed tenons along the horizontal direction of the gypsum core wall.

[0010] Furthermore, a galvanized tie plate is provided every two phosphogypsum blocks in the gypsum core wall.

[0011] Furthermore, the tie plate has an L-shaped structure, and both ends of the tie plate are provided with round holes for anchoring with the concrete structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the waterproof wall covering is provided with wall paint, waterproof coating, plaster layer and interface layer in sequence from the outer side facing the air to the inner side in contact with the gypsum core wall. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of the present invention for removing waterproof wall coverings. Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the present invention. Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the waterproof wall covering of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the phosphogypsum block of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: wall pad 1, mortar layer 2, gypsum core wall 3, phosphogypsum block 301, first socket block 3011, raised frame notch 30111, second socket block 3012, tenon 3013, mortise 3014, first socket groove 3015, groove edge notch 30151, second socket groove 3016, tie plate 4, door and window opening 5, waterproof wall plaster 6, wall paint 601, waterproof coating 602, plaster layer 603, interface layer 604.

[0015] Implementation, for example, attached Figure 1-4 The diagram shows a modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure, comprising a gypsum core wall 3, with a wall pad 1 at the lower end of the gypsum core wall 3. The wall pad 1 is constructed of solid concrete bricks and waterproof mortar. The solid concrete bricks possess good strength and durability, capable of bearing the weight of the wall and providing stable support. The waterproof mortar further enhances the waterproof performance of the wall pad, preventing ground moisture from penetrating into the wall. A mortar bedding layer 2 is provided between the wall pad 1 and the gypsum core wall 3. The mortar bedding layer uses suitable cement mortar, serving as a connection and buffer to ensure a tight bond between the wall pad 1 and the gypsum core wall 3.

[0016] The gypsum core wall 3 is constructed from phosphogypsum blocks 301. Phosphogypsum is a waste product generated in industrial production. Making it into blocks for wall construction not only realizes the resource utilization of waste but also reduces construction costs.

[0017] The phosphogypsum block 301 has a socket structure on its surface along the vertical direction of the gypsum core wall 3. The socket structure includes a first socket block 3011 and a second socket block 3012 protruding upwards on the surface of the phosphogypsum block 301, and a first socket groove 3015 and a second socket groove 3016 on the bottom surface of the phosphogypsum block 301; the protrusion height of the first socket block 3011 is higher than that of the second socket block 3012. During the construction of the phosphogypsum block 301, in the vertical direction, the first socket block 3011 and the second socket block 3012 on the upper surface of the block can be inserted into the first socket groove 3015 and the second socket groove 3016 on the bottom surface of the block to form an interlocking structure. After interlocking, the upper and lower surfaces of the two layers of blocks are fitted together. The interlocking structure can cooperate with each other, enhancing the integrity and stability of the wall and preventing displacement and cracks in the vertical direction. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the upward-facing protrusion of the first socket block 3011 is not a central protrusion, but rather a raised frame with raised sides. A notch 30111 is provided on the side wall of the raised frame; correspondingly, a notch 30151 is provided on the first socket groove 3015. When the upper and lower layers of phosphogypsum blocks 301 are inserted during construction, the notch 30111 and the notch 30151 align perfectly to form a channel for mortar to flow into the central cavity of the raised frame. This results in higher connection stability of the socket structure. Tenons 3013 and mortises 3014 are provided at both ends along the horizontal construction direction of the gypsum core wall. During construction, the tenons 3013 and mortises 3014 of adjacent blocks engage with each other, further improving the horizontal connection strength of the wall and enhancing its shear resistance.

[0018] In the gypsum core wall, a galvanized tie plate 4 is installed every two phosphogypsum blocks. The tie plate 4 has an L-shaped structure, with round holes at both ends for anchoring to the concrete structure. Through these tie plates 4, the gypsum core wall 3 can be firmly connected to the surrounding concrete structure (such as columns, beams, etc.), improving the seismic performance and overall stability of the wall. In actual construction, the round holes of the tie plate 4 are connected to the reserved steel bars or embedded bolts in the concrete structure, and fixed using the cement used for masonry.

[0019] The waterproof wall covering 6 is provided with wall paint 601, waterproof coating 602, plaster layer 603 and interface layer 604 sequentially from the outer side facing the air to the inner side in contact with the gypsum core wall.

[0020] Wall paint 601 serves both decorative and protective purposes. Choosing a wall paint with good weather resistance, water resistance, and stain resistance can make the exterior wall surface beautiful and clean, while preventing external environmental erosion of the wall.

[0021] Waterproof coating 602 is a key component of waterproof wall coverings, effectively preventing moisture penetration. Using high-quality waterproof paint ensures the coating's thickness and uniformity for optimal waterproofing.

[0022] The 603 plaster layer serves to smooth the wall surface and enhance the adhesion of the waterproof coating. Use suitable plastering materials, such as cement mortar or mixed mortar, during application to ensure the smoothness and density of the plaster layer.

[0023] Interface layer 604 is used to enhance the adhesion between plaster layer 603 and gypsum core wall 3. Before construction, an interface agent is applied to the surface of gypsum core wall to enable the plaster layer to better bond with the gypsum core wall and prevent the plaster layer from becoming hollow or falling off.

[0024] Construction process: Construction of Wall Pad 1: First, prepare the base layer on the ground according to the design requirements, ensuring the ground is flat and clean. Then, construct Wall Pad 1 using solid concrete bricks and waterproof mortar according to the masonry process, controlling the height and levelness of Wall Pad 1. During the masonry process, allow for the thickness of the mortar bedding layer 2.

[0025] Construction of the gypsum core wall 3: After the wall pad 1 is completed, the gypsum core wall is built on the wall pad 1; phosphogypsum blocks 301 are then laid on the mortar layer 2 of the wall pad 1. During construction, attention should be paid to the joint structure of the blocks and the fit between the tenon 3013 and the mortise 3014 to ensure the verticality and horizontality of the wall. A tie plate 4 is installed every two blocks and anchored to the surrounding concrete structure. For the reserved door and window openings 5, the round holes at both ends of the tie plate need to be anchored to the concrete structure such as columns and beams.

[0026] Waterproof wall cladding 6 construction: After the gypsum core wall is completed and cured for a period of time, the waterproof wall cladding 6 is constructed. First, a bonding agent is applied to the surface of the gypsum core wall 3, followed by the application of plaster layer 603. After the plaster layer dries, the waterproof coating 602 is applied, and finally, the wall paint 601 is applied. It is important to note that the waterproof wall cladding 6 construction must extend from the outside of the gypsum core wall 3 to the bottom of the junction between the wall pad 1 and the ground. Ensure that the junction between the gypsum core wall 3 and the wall pad 1 is covered.

[0027] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure, comprising a gypsum core wall, wherein the surface of the gypsum core wall is provided with a waterproof wall covering, characterized in that: The lower end of the gypsum core wall is provided with a wall pad made of solid concrete bricks and waterproof mortar. The wall pad and the gypsum core wall are provided with a mortar layer for connection. The waterproof wall covering extends from the outside of the gypsum core wall to the lowest point where the wall pad connects to the ground.

2. The modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gypsum core wall is constructed from phosphogypsum blocks.

3. The modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phosphogypsum blocks have a socket structure on the surface of the gypsum core wall along the vertical direction, and the two ends along the horizontal direction of the gypsum core wall are provided with tenons and mortises.

4. The modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The socket structure includes a socket block disposed on the surface of the phosphogypsum block and a socket groove disposed at the bottom of the phosphogypsum block; the socket block is a raised frame with four raised walls, the raised frame has a raised frame notch, and the socket groove has a groove edge notch that forms a mortar inflow channel with the raised frame notch when the socket is completed.

5. The modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A galvanized tie plate is installed every two phosphogypsum blocks in the gypsum core wall.

6. The modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tie plate has an L-shaped structure, and both ends of the tie plate are provided with round holes for anchoring with the concrete structure.

7. The modified phosphogypsum exterior wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof wall covering consists of a wall paint layer, a waterproof coating layer, a plaster layer, and an interface layer, arranged sequentially from the outer side facing the air to the inner side in contact with the gypsum core wall.

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