Steel cofferdam pedestrian passage

Abstract

The utility model relates to underwater pier construction technical field, concretely relates to a kind of steel cofferdam pedestrian passageway, including the surrounding purlin of several circles along the circumferential setting of steel cofferdam, the surrounding purlin uses double-spliced H-shaped steel, the flange plate of surrounding purlin is set up facing up, the surrounding purlin top flange plate is filled with light weight concrete and forms concrete running board, the outside of concrete running board is equipped with guardrail, the concrete running board of last layer is connected between construction trestle or cofferdam outer platform, between the concrete running board of different elevation adjacent two layers, between the concrete running board of lowermost layer and the bottom elevation position of bearing platform respectively through vertical connecting unit, and the vertical connecting unit is assembly zigzag steel ladder or vertical ladder with cage.The utility model utilizes the structure of steel cofferdam, surrounding purlin, forms pedestrian passageway by a kind of low cost, high stability and durable way, and can improve the integrity and construction safety of steel cofferdam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underwater bridge pier construction technology, and in particular to a steel cofferdam pedestrian passage. Background Technology

[0002] In deep-water foundation construction of bridges, steel cofferdams are widely used as temporary water-retaining structures. Personnel need to work inside and on top of the cofferdam, performing tasks such as inspection, measurement, equipment operation, and monitoring of the concrete sealing. However, the large water level difference between the inside and outside of the steel cofferdam, coupled with the humid environment, greatly increases the risk of serious accidents such as slips, falls from heights, and even drowning. Therefore, establishing safe and reliable pedestrian walkways is crucial. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to address the serious safety issues in existing technologies, such as slipping, falling from heights, or even falling into water, during construction within steel cofferdams, by providing a pedestrian walkway within a steel cofferdam to improve construction safety.

[0004] This utility model provides a pedestrian walkway for a steel cofferdam, comprising several walers arranged circumferentially along the steel cofferdam. The walers are made of double H-beams, with the flanges of the walers facing upwards. The top flanges of the walers are filled with lightweight concrete to form a concrete walkway. The outer side of the concrete walkway is equipped with a guardrail. The uppermost concrete walkway is connected to the construction trestle or the outer platform of the cofferdam, the two adjacent concrete walkways at different elevations are connected to each other, and the lowermost concrete walkway is connected to the bottom of the cofferdam by vertical connecting units. The vertical connecting units are prefabricated zigzag steel inclined ladders or vertical ladders with guardrails.

[0005] Preferably, a number of shear connectors are welded to the top flange plate of the waler.

[0006] Preferably, the top surface of the concrete walking slab is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-slip texture is a straight line, a wave shape, or a diamond pattern.

[0008] Preferably, the concrete running slab is provided with a plurality of expansion joints along the circumferential direction of the waler, and the expansion joints are filled with elastic sealing material.

[0009] Preferably, the guardrail includes guardrail posts and a grid frame. The bottom of the guardrail post is provided with a corner bracket. One end of the corner bracket is connected to the concrete walkway and the other end is connected to the outer web of the waler. The grid frame is connected between two adjacent guardrail posts.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the guardrail is provided with a kick plate.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the guardrail is provided with lighting lights at intervals.

[0012] Preferably, the present invention further includes a structural health monitoring module, an early warning module, a personnel monitoring module, and a central processing unit. The structural health monitoring module, the early warning module, and the video surveillance camera are all communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The central processing unit is used to receive and process data from each module and trigger an early warning when an anomaly occurs. The structural health monitoring module includes a tilt sensor and a vibration sensor. The early warning module includes an audible and visual alarm and an emergency lighting lamp. The personnel monitoring module includes a video surveillance camera.

[0013] Preferably, drainage grooves are provided on both sides of the concrete walkway.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a pedestrian walkway for a steel cofferdam. The walkway is constructed by pouring lightweight concrete onto the inner walers of the steel cofferdam and installing guardrails on the sides. Vertical connection units are installed between adjacent walkways, between the uppermost walkway and the construction trestle, and between the lowermost walkway and the bottom of the cofferdam. This facilitates movement of people across different walkways and reduces the risk of falls. The walers are made of double-section H-beams, and the top flange and side webs of the walers can be used as templates for pouring the concrete walkway, making construction convenient and quick. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steel cofferdam pedestrian passage in one of the embodiments; Figure 2 This is a front view of the guardrail; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of steel reinforcement support being erected in the irregular space between the steel cofferdam and the waler; Figure 4 This is a plan view of the steel cofferdam. Figure 5 This is a structural layout diagram of the vertical connection unit; Figure 6 This is a schematic plan view showing the vertical connection unit layout of the first layer of walers in a steel cofferdam. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical connection units of the second to fourth layers of walers in a steel cofferdam. Figure 8 This is a plan view of the vertical connection units of the steel cofferdam extending towards the bottom elevation of the pier cap.

[0016] Markings in the diagram: 1-Steel cofferdam; 11-Flange plate; 12-Outer web plate; 2-Wallet; 3-Concrete walking slab; 4-Guardrail; 41-Guard post; 42-Grid frame; 43-Corner frame; 5-Wedge bracket; 6-Vertical connection unit. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0019] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0020] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0021] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0022] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "equipped with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0023] Example like Figures 1-8 As shown, a pedestrian walkway for a steel cofferdam includes several walers 2 arranged circumferentially along the steel cofferdam 1. The walers 2 are made of double H-beams. The flange plates 11 of the walers 2 are arranged with their faces upward. The top flange plates 11 of the walers 2 are filled with lightweight concrete to form a concrete walking slab 3. The outer side of the concrete walking slab 3 is equipped with a guardrail 4. The uppermost concrete walking slab 3 is connected to the construction trestle or the outer platform of the cofferdam, the two adjacent concrete walking slabs 3 at different elevations are connected to each other by vertical connecting units 6. The vertical connecting unit 6 is a prefabricated zigzag steel inclined ladder or a vertical ladder with a guardrail.

[0024] This scheme establishes a pedestrian walkway by pouring lightweight concrete onto multiple layers of walers 2 on the inner side of the steel cofferdam 1 and installing guardrails 4 on the outer side. This facilitates personnel inspection and measurement work and reduces the risk of falls. The walers 2 utilize double-section H-beams, which have a large section modulus and moment of inertia, resulting in significantly better bending resistance than single beams. They can withstand substantial loads. The flanges 11 of the top H-beams and the side webs of the walers 2 can serve as formwork for the concrete walkway 3, making construction convenient, quick, and cost-effective. Vertical connection units 6 connect the top construction trestle (or outer platform) of the steel cofferdam 1 to the uppermost concrete walkway 3, the adjacent concrete walkways 3 on both sides of the walers 2, and the bottommost concrete walkway 3 to the bottom of the cofferdam. This facilitates movement for construction and inspection personnel, maintains good structural integrity, and promotes convenient construction operations. The walers 2 and concrete walkway 3 share the load, offering higher stability, durability, and safety compared to temporarily laying steel plates.

[0025] The vertical connecting unit 6 can be fixedly connected to pedestrian walkways on different floors via hinges or pin mechanisms at its upper and lower ends. The configuration of the vertical connecting unit 6 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, the steel cofferdam 1 has a rectangular overall plan. Several steel pipe piles are driven in sequence along the outer perimeter. The waler 2 is welded to the inner side of the steel pipe piles. The waler 2 is arranged in a ring. Triangular supports are provided at the four corners of the waler 2 on the ring side for reinforcement. Several wedge brackets 5 are provided at the bottom of the waler 2 for support. The wedge brackets 5 are welded and fixed to the steel pipe piles.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the concrete traveling slab 3 may only cover the plane area where the flange plate 11 of the waler 2 is located, or it may include irregularly shaped spaces between two adjacent steel pipe piles and the waler 2; during construction, if Figure 3 As shown, several short steel bars can be welded into the irregular space between two adjacent steel pipe piles and the waler 2, and thin wooden boards can be laid on the steel bars. During construction, the boards can be cast in place together with the waler 2 to form a concrete walking slab 3 of a certain height, which will seal the gap between two adjacent steel pipe piles and the waler 2 to prevent debris from falling or personnel from being accidentally injured.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of shear connectors are welded to the top flange plate 11 of the waler 2. The shear connectors can improve the shear strength between the cast-in-place concrete running slab 3 and the waler 2.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the shear connector may be a cylindrical head weld stud, a section of steel, or a perforated reinforcing bar, etc.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the top surface of the concrete walking slab 3 is provided with anti-slip texture to increase ground friction and reduce the risk of slipping for pedestrians.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the anti-slip texture is a straight line, a wave shape, or a diamond pattern.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the concrete walkway 3 is provided with a plurality of expansion joints along the circumferential direction of the waler 2. The expansion joints are filled with elastic sealing material to actively control the cracking phenomenon caused by temperature changes, shrinkage and structural deformation of the concrete, and to ensure the integrity, durability and safety of the pedestrian walkway concrete walkway 3.

[0033] In optional implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the guardrail 4 includes guardrail posts 41 and a grid frame 42. An angle bracket 43 is provided at the bottom of each guardrail post 41. One end of the angle bracket 43 is connected to the concrete walkway 3, for example, by bolting, plugging, or fixing one end of the angle bracket 43 to the concrete walkway 3. The other end of the angle bracket 43 is welded to the outer web plate 12 of the waler 2. The grid frame 42 is connected between two adjacent guardrail posts 41. The guardrail 4 has a solid foundation and is not easily deformed.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the guardrail 4 is provided with a kickboard to prevent tools, small equipment, materials, or other debris from falling from the edge of the pedestrian walkway, thereby avoiding injury to personnel and equipment below. The kickboard can be made of metal or high-strength plastic and its height is not less than 200mm.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the top of the guardrail 4 is provided with lighting lamps at intervals for illumination.

[0036] Furthermore, to monitor the structural safety of the steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway, this embodiment also includes a structural health monitoring module, an early warning module, a personnel monitoring module, and a central processing unit. The structural health monitoring module, early warning module, and video surveillance camera are all communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The central processing unit receives and processes data from each module and triggers an early warning when an anomaly occurs. The structural health monitoring module includes tilt sensors and vibration sensors; the early warning module includes an audible and visual alarm and emergency lighting; and the personnel monitoring module includes a video surveillance camera. The audible and visual alarm automatically activates when abnormal vibration or tilt angle is detected in the walkway.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, drainage grooves can be provided on both sides of the concrete walkway 3 for drainage, which helps to reduce water accumulation on the concrete walkway 3.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway, characterized in that, The structure includes several walers (2) arranged circumferentially along the steel cofferdam (1). The walers (2) are made of double H-beams. The flanges (11) of the walers (2) are arranged with their faces facing upwards. The top flanges (11) of the walers (2) are filled with lightweight concrete to form a concrete walkway (3). The outer side of the concrete walkway (3) is equipped with a guardrail (4). The uppermost concrete walkway (3) is connected to the construction trestle or the outer platform of the cofferdam, the two adjacent concrete walkways (3) at different elevations are connected to each other through vertical connecting units (6). The vertical connecting unit (6) is a prefabricated zigzag steel inclined ladder or a vertical ladder with a guardrail.

2. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several shear connectors are welded to the top flange plate (11) of the waler (2).

3. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the concrete walking slab (3) is pressed with anti-slip texture.

4. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anti-slip texture can be straight, wavy, or diamond-shaped.

5. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete running slab (3) is provided with several expansion joints along the circumferential direction of the waler (2), and the expansion joints are filled with elastic sealing material.

6. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guardrail (4) includes a guardrail post (41) and a grid frame (42). The bottom of the guardrail post (41) is provided with a corner frame (43). One end of the corner frame (43) is connected to the concrete walkway (3) and the other end is connected to the outer web plate (12) of the waler (2). The grid frame (42) is connected between two adjacent guardrail posts (41).

7. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the guardrail (4) is provided with a kick plate.

8. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the guardrail (4) is equipped with lighting lamps at intervals.

9. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes a structural health monitoring module, an early warning module, a personnel monitoring module, and a central processing unit. The structural health monitoring module, the early warning module, and the video surveillance camera are all communicatively connected to the central processing unit. The central processing unit is used to receive and process data from each module and trigger an early warning when there is an anomaly. The structural health monitoring module includes a tilt sensor and a vibration sensor. The early warning module includes an audible and visual alarm and an emergency lighting. The personnel monitoring module includes a video surveillance camera.

10. The steel cofferdam pedestrian walkway according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Drainage channels are also provided on both sides of the concrete walkway slab (3).

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