A drilling rig with sensors

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of earth drilling or rock drilling equipment, and particularly discloses a drilling machine with sensors. The drilling machine comprises a drilling machine body, an air leg, drilling machine operation valves arranged at two ends of the drilling machine body and drill rod mounting heads, an air leg of the air leg is provided with a wind pressure / wind volume / wind temperature integrated sensor, the drill rod mounting heads are provided with annular mounting pieces, the annular mounting pieces are provided with a drill bit rotating speed sensor, a laser ranging sensor, an angle sensor and a vibration sensor, and the drilling machine operation valves are provided at the upper ends with display screens capable of displaying sensor data. The multiple sensor data are utilized to solve the problem that the automatic feedback device of the drilling machine in the prior art only feeds back pressure and cannot assist an operator in operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of drilling or rock drilling equipment, and specifically discloses a drilling rig with sensors. Background Technology

[0002] Mudstone jamming refers to the phenomenon where, during drilling, the drilling rig encounters soft plastic rock formations such as mudstone, causing an abnormally rapid drilling speed and resulting in the drill string seizing due to the inability to remove rock cuttings in time. Essentially, it's a chain reaction of "rapid drilling - cuttings blockage - stress overload." This problem is common in pneumatic / hydraulic drilling rigs and rotary drilling rigs, especially under complex geological conditions. The main reason is that traditional drilling rigs lack real-time geological adaptability adjustments. When suddenly encountering mudstone, the rig drills rapidly, and when the cuttings removal air pressure / hydraulic flow rate is mismatched with the drilling speed, inexperienced operators may fail to notice, misjudging the abnormal drilling speed and continuing to apply pressure, ultimately leading to drill rod bending, hydraulic system overload, and equipment damage.

[0003] To address the issue of operators being unable to promptly perceive the status of the drill bit inside the drilling rig, leading to equipment damage due to operator errors, most existing technologies involve adding sensors to the drilling rig. These sensors provide real-time feedback on the status of the drilling rig inside the borehole. For example, patent application number CN201920153310.5 discloses an automatic feedback device based on the drilling rig's propulsion pressure. This device sequentially installs a solenoid valve and a pressure sensor on the air leg between the drilling rig's operating valve and its working components. By utilizing the pressure feedback from the drill bit, it can promptly detect soft plastic rock formations such as mudstone, helping operators make timely adjustments.

[0004] While the aforementioned automatic feedback device for drilling rigs can provide early warnings to operators to some extent, it only detects pressure and is not accurate enough for soft plastic rock formations such as mudstone. Furthermore, it only provides pressure feedback and does not assist operators in understanding the specific conditions of the drilling rig's rotation speed and dust discharge. Operators still have to rely on experience, which may lead to misjudgments for inexperienced operators. In the current technology, the automatic feedback device for drilling rigs still cannot assist operators in their operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling rig with sensors to solve the problem mentioned above that the existing automatic feedback devices for drilling rigs only provide pressure feedback and cannot assist operators in performing operational techniques.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a drilling rig with sensors, comprising a drilling rig body and air legs, a drilling rig operating valve and a drill rod mounting head disposed at both ends on the drilling rig body, an integrated air pressure / air volume / air temperature sensor mounted on the air legs, an annular mounting component mounted on the drill rod mounting head, and a drill bit speed sensor, a laser rangefinder sensor, an angle sensor and a vibration sensor mounted on the annular mounting component; a display screen for displaying sensor data is mounted on the upper end of the drilling rig operating valve.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this implementation plan are as follows: Existing automatic feedback devices for drilling rigs only detect rock formation pressure and cannot display parameters such as drill bit speed, dust discharge volume, and air pressure. Therefore, they can only provide early warnings of sudden pressure changes to operators based on pressure variations, and are not accurate enough in determining whether the drill bit has encountered rock fissures / cavities or soft plastic rock formations such as mudstone. Operators still rely on experience, and inexperienced operators may still make misjudgments. This application expands the sensor suite to include a speed sensor, laser rangefinder, angle sensor, vibration sensor, and an integrated air pressure / volume / temperature sensor, all displayed on a screen above the operator's control valve. Operators can clearly see the drill bit speed, dust discharge status, air pressure / volume / temperature, etc., and can clearly determine whether the drilling rig is encountering rock fissures / cavities or soft plastic rock formations such as mudstone based on the drill bit speed, dust discharge status, and air pressure. Therefore, this application can assist inexperienced operators in identifying rock formations, thereby providing operational guidance.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular mounting component includes a clamp, a fixed mounting plate, and a figure-7 mounting plate, and the annular mounting component is fixedly mounted on the drill pipe mounting head by the clamp.

[0009] Furthermore, the drill bit speed sensor is mounted on a vibration damping mounting plate, and the laser rangefinder, angle sensor, and vibration sensor are mounted on a figure-7 mounting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the drill bit rotation speed sensor is used to monitor the rotation speed of the drill bit in real time, and calculates the rotation speed by detecting the magnetic marks on the drill rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder is used to emit a laser beam and receive reflected signals to measure the distance between the drill bit and the target surface of the borehole for calculating the borehole depth.

[0012] Furthermore, the angle sensor is used to detect the tilt angle of the drill rod relative to the horizontal plane to ensure the accuracy of the drilling direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration frequency and amplitude during the drilling process to identify abnormal vibrations.

[0014] Furthermore, a triaxial stabilizer is provided between the 7-shaped mounting plate and the fixed mounting plate to absorb vibrations and impacts generated during drilling. While adding sensors enables the rock drilling rig to perform auxiliary functions, the excessive amplitude and frequency of vibrations inherent in the rock drill itself cause damage to the internal sensors of the laser rangefinder and angle sensor, resulting in poor shock resistance and data exceeding the range of the vibration sensors. This leads to incomplete data acquisition. Therefore, this application incorporates a triaxial stabilizer to protect the sensors from damage, ensuring stable operation even under high-frequency vibrations of the drilling rig (typically 5-10g acceleration).

[0015] Attached image description.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular mounting component in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Drill rig body; 11. Drill rig operating valve; 2. Drill rod; 21. Drill rod mounting head; 3. Air leg; 4. Annular mounting component; 41. Clamp; 42. Fixed mounting plate; 421. Speed ​​sensor mounting hole; 43. 7-shaped mounting plate; 431. Laser rangefinder sensor mounting groove; 432. Angle sensor mounting groove; 433. Vibration sensor mounting hole; 51. Drill bit speed sensor; 52. Laser rangefinder sensor; 53. Angle sensor; 54. Vibration sensor; 6. Display screen.

[0018] Implementation, for example, attached Figure 1 As shown This embodiment details a drilling rig equipped with sensors, designed to improve drilling efficiency and safety by monitoring drilling parameters in real time. This drilling rig is suitable for fields such as mining and geological exploration, and technicians can manufacture and implement it based on this description. The core of this embodiment lies in the integrated installation of the sensor array and the data display mechanism, ensuring a compact structure, strong seismic resistance, and intuitive operation.

[0019] The overall structure and air leg layout of the drilling rig include the drilling rig body 1, the drilling rig operating valve 11, the drill rod mounting head 21, and the air leg 3. The drilling rig body 1 is a conventional drilling rig frame, providing support and power. The drilling rig operating valve 11 is located at the front end of the drilling rig body and is used to control the flow direction and pressure of the pneumatic fluid. The drill rod mounting head 21 is located at the end of the drilling rig body 1 and is used to install and drive the drill rod 2. The air leg connects the drilling rig operating valve and the drill rod mounting head, forming a closed loop to transmit high-pressure gas to drive the drill rod rotation and feed. In this embodiment, the air leg 3 uses high-strength steel pipe with a diameter ranging from 20-50mm to ensure pressure resistance and durability. The positional relationship of the drilling rig body 1, the drilling rig operating valve 11, and the drill rod mounting head 21 is a standard design; technicians can adjust the dimensions according to the specific model, but the core connection method remains consistent.

[0020] The air leg 3 is also equipped with an integrated air pressure / air volume / air temperature sensor (a multi-parameter sensor, such as an integrated pressure transmitter, flow meter and thermocouple) to monitor changes in air pressure, air volume and air temperature, and to assess the status of the drilling cooling and chip removal system.

[0021] A ring-shaped mounting component 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the drill pipe mounting head 21 near the drill rig body 1. Multiple sensors are mounted on the ring-shaped mounting component 4, including: A drill bit rotation speed sensor 51 (e.g., a Hall sensor or a magnetic encoder) is used to monitor the rotation speed of the drill bit in real time, calculating the rotation speed by detecting magnetic marks on the drill pipe.

[0022] The laser rangefinder 52 (such as a TOF laser sensor) emits a laser beam and receives the reflected signal to measure the distance between the drill bit and the target surface of the borehole (accuracy ±1mm) for calculating the borehole depth.

[0023] Angle sensor 53 (such as a MEMS tilt sensor) detects the tilt angle of the drill rod relative to the horizontal plane (range 0-90°, accuracy ±0.5°) to ensure the accuracy of the drilling direction.

[0024] Vibration sensor 54 (such as a piezoelectric accelerometer) monitors the vibration frequency and amplitude (range 0-1000 Hz) during drilling to identify abnormal vibrations (such as drill bit jamming).

[0025] These sensors are integrated into a sensor group on the ring-shaped mounting bracket 4. The sensors on the sensor group are connected via internal circuitry to aggregate data and transmit it to the display screen 6. The sensor group integration method includes, but is not limited to, sharing a power supply line (DC 12V power supply) and a signal output interface (such as an RS485 bus) to reduce wiring complexity and adapt to harsh operating conditions. The ring-shaped mounting bracket 4, as shown... Figure 3As shown, its structure is a metal bracket with a ring-shaped mounting, comprising three parts: a clamp 41, a mounting plate 42, and a L7 mounting plate 43. The mounting plate 42 has a speed sensor mounting hole 421 for mounting the drill bit speed sensor 51. The L7 mounting plate 43 has a laser rangefinder mounting groove 431 for mounting the laser rangefinder sensor 52, an angle sensor mounting groove 432 for mounting the angle sensor 53, and a vibration sensor mounting hole 433 for mounting the vibration sensor 54.

[0026] The sensor assembly is connected to the end of the drill pipe mounting head 21 near the drill rig body 1 via the annular mounting part 4, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown, it is located on the outer periphery near one end of the drill body 1. The inner diameter of the clamp 41 matches the outer diameter of the drill rod mounting head 21. It is fixed by tightening the clamp 41 or by welding it directly to the surface of the drill rod mounting head 21 after tightening the clamp. The bottom of the clamp 41 is integrated with the fixed mounting plate 42, which is a metal plate extending along the length of the clamp 41. When the clamp 41 is installed on the drill rod mounting head 21, the fixed mounting plate 42 is parallel to the drill rod 2, and the speed sensor 51 installed on the fixed mounting plate 42 is aligned with the drill rod 2. The 7-shaped mounting plate 43 has a 7-shaped plate structure, in which the long plate is connected to the side of the fixed mounting plate 42, forming a 90° angle. After installation, the laser beam of the laser ranging sensor 52 is parallel to the drill rod 2. The connection between the 7-shaped mounting plate and the fixed mounting plate 42 is fixed with self-locking bolts. This design facilitates disassembly and maintenance, and technicians can quickly replace individual sensors without affecting the overall structure.

[0027] A display screen 6 is installed at the top of the drilling rig's operating valve to display sensor data in real time. The display screen connects to the sensor group via a data cable (such as a shielded cable) or a wireless module (such as Wi-Fi / Bluetooth) to receive and process signals. The display interface is divided into multiple areas: the top displays the drill bit rotation speed and drilling depth (based on laser ranging calculation), the middle displays the angle and vibration waveform, and the bottom displays the real-time values ​​and trend curves of air pressure, air volume, and air temperature. The operator can adjust parameter thresholds (such as setting vibration alarm limits) via the touchscreen, and the data is simultaneously stored in the built-in memory (supporting SD card expansion) for subsequent analysis. The installation position of the display screen optimizes the operator's field of vision, ensuring that the operator can monitor all data without moving while the drilling rig is running.

[0028] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that a three-axis stabilizer (not shown in the figure) is provided between the figure-7 mounting plate 43 and the fixed mounting plate 42. The three-axis stabilizer is also called a three-axis gyro stabilization platform. One end of the three-axis stabilizer is fixed to the fixed mounting plate 42 with bolts, and the other end is fixed to the long plate of the figure-7 mounting plate 43. The three-axis stabilizer absorbs the vibration and impact generated during drilling (for example, reducing the peak acceleration by more than 50%), protecting the sensor from damage and ensuring that the sensor can still work stably under the high-frequency vibration of the drilling rig (typically 5-10g acceleration).

[0029] Specific implementation process In actual drilling operations, technicians can implement this embodiment: After starting the drilling rig, the air leg 3 drives the drill rod 2 to rotate, and the sensor group collects data in real time. For example, during the drilling stage, the laser rangefinder 52 monitors the drilling depth, and the system automatically alerts when the preset depth (e.g., 10m) is reached; the angle sensor 53 ensures the drill rod maintains a 30° inclination angle to avoid deviation; the vibration sensor 54 detects abnormal vibration (e.g., a sudden increase in frequency to 200Hz), triggers an alarm on the display screen, and the operator stops the machine to check for drill bit wear; the integrated air pressure / airflow / air temperature sensor monitors the ventilation system, and if the air temperature exceeds 50°C, it indicates insufficient cooling. Throughout the process, the display screen updates data once per second, providing intuitive feedback. The advantages of this embodiment include: sensor integration reduces space occupation, the 7-digit mounting plate improves reliability (reducing sensor failure rate by 30%), real-time data display optimizes decision-making efficiency, and it is suitable for high-risk scenarios such as deep hole drilling.

[0030] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A drilling rig with sensors, comprising a drilling rig body, air legs, and drilling rig operating valves and drill rod mounting heads disposed at both ends of the drilling rig body, characterized in that: The air leg is equipped with an integrated air pressure / air volume / air temperature sensor. The drill rod mounting head is equipped with an annular mounting component, on which a drill bit speed sensor, a laser rangefinder sensor, an angle sensor, and a vibration sensor are mounted. The upper end of the drilling rig operating valve is equipped with a display screen that can display sensor data.

2. The drilling rig with sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular mounting component includes a clamp, a fixed mounting plate, and a 7-shaped mounting plate. The annular mounting component is fixedly mounted on the drill pipe mounting head by the clamp.

3. The drilling rig with sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit speed sensor is mounted on a vibration damping mounting plate, and the laser rangefinder, angle sensor, and vibration sensor are mounted on a figure-7 mounting plate.

4. The drilling rig with sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit rotation speed sensor is used to monitor the rotation speed of the drill bit in real time and calculates the rotation speed by detecting the magnetic marks on the drill rod.

5. The drilling rig with sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder is used to emit a laser beam and receive reflected signals to measure the distance between the drill bit and the target surface of the borehole for calculating the borehole depth.

6. The drilling rig with sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle sensor is used to detect the tilt angle of the drill rod relative to the horizontal plane to ensure the accuracy of the drilling direction.

7. The drilling rig with sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration frequency and amplitude during the drilling process and identify abnormal vibrations.

8. The drilling rig with sensors according to claim 3, characterized in that: A triaxial stabilizer is provided between the 7-shaped mounting plate and the fixed mounting plate to absorb vibrations and impacts generated during drilling.

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