Natural gas exploitation intelligentized well site

Abstract

The utility model discloses a natural gas exploitation digitalization well site, including throttling heating separation metering sled assembly, flash evaporation separation sled assembly and remote terminal device, throttling heating separation metering sled assembly and flash evaporation separation sled assembly intercommunication, and the inlet of throttling heating separation metering sled assembly is connected with wellhead combination device sled assembly, and wellhead combination device sled assembly includes the pipeline communication with gas production wellhead, the pipeline is connected with throttling heating separation metering sled assembly, be equipped with the chip catcher on the pipeline, utilize the chip catcher to filter solid phase object that enters the pipe network, avoided solid phase object and plugged the pipeline or solid phase object with pipe network entered gas station's situation, reduced the frequency of equipment management and maintenance of the gas station of remote scattered well, and then caused the cost of remote scattered well natural gas exploitation to be further reduced, solved the solid phase object of current remote scattered well natural gas exploitation when easily entering the pipe network, caused the cost of remote scattered well natural gas exploitation to be greatly improved's technical problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of natural gas extraction well sites, and in particular to a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction. Background Technology

[0002] Natural gas wellhead products contain three phases: solid, liquid, and gas. The solid phase products mainly include sand and coal dust. If these solid phase products are not separated in situ at the well site and enter the pipeline network, the following problems may occur: ① As the pipeline's external pressure decreases, solid matter will settle at pipeline bends, rises, and falls, clogging the pipeline; ② Solid matter will enter the gas station with the pipeline network, damaging the gas station equipment and causing significant economic losses and safety hazards.

[0003] With the development of oil and gas fields, the number of remote, scattered wells is constantly being discovered and developed. Remote, scattered wells are characterized by being isolated wells located far from major oil fields or infrastructure, and typically producing relatively small outputs. Transportation to remote, scattered wells is inconvenient. During the extraction process, solids can easily enter the pipeline network. If solids clog the pipelines or enter the gas station via the pipeline, they can damage the station's equipment. The management and maintenance costs of gas station equipment for remote, scattered wells are extremely high, thus significantly increasing the cost of natural gas extraction from these wells. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, which solves the technical problem that solid matter easily enters the pipeline network during the extraction of natural gas from remote scattered wells, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A digital and intelligent well site for natural gas extraction includes a throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, a flash separation skid assembly, and a remote terminal device that can send real-time data to a control center via a wireless network. The throttling heating separation metering skid assembly and the flash separation skid assembly are connected. A wellhead assembly connecting to the gas wellhead is connected to the inlet of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. Each of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, the flash separation skid assembly, and the wellhead assembly is equipped with a PLC control system. The PLC control systems of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, the flash separation skid assembly, and the wellhead assembly are connected to the remote terminal device. The wellhead assembly includes a pipeline connecting to the gas wellhead. The pipeline is connected to the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, and a cuttings catcher is installed on the pipeline. This application installs a debris trap on the pipeline leading to the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The debris trap filters the solids entering the pipeline network, preventing solids from clogging the pipeline or entering the gas station with the pipeline network. This greatly reduces the frequency of equipment management and maintenance at gas stations in remote scattered wells, thereby further reducing the cost of natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells. It solves the existing technical problem that solids easily enter the pipeline network during natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells, which greatly increases the cost of natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells.

[0006] Among them, a remote terminal unit (RTU) can send real-time data to the control center via a wireless network. The RTU sends real-time data to the control center via the wireless network. The dispatch and control center monitors and controls the oil well site and implements unified dispatch and management.

[0007] Preferably, the debris catcher is a single-cylinder debris catcher. The advantages of a single-cylinder debris catcher mainly include the following: High-efficiency filtration: The single-cylinder debris catcher intercepts solid substances such as debris, rock cuttings, and perforation residue in the fluid through its built-in filter cartridge, ensuring that impurities in the fluid are effectively filtered, thereby preventing blockage of the surface process and excessive wear of the throttle valve, and extending the equipment's lifespan. Simple structure: The single-cylinder debris catcher consists of a body, filter cartridge, and corresponding valves and reducing flanges, etc., with a simple structure and convenient operation. During normal testing operations, the fluid mainly flows through the main pipeline channel; when solid substances are found in the wellbore, the flow path is simply changed to filter through the filter cartridge in the debris catcher. Convenient maintenance: When the debris catcher is nearly full of solid substances, it needs to be cleaned and flushed. The operating steps include closing the relevant valves, slowly depressurizing, flushing with a water pump until the outflowing liquid is clear, and then restarting the equipment. Wide range of applications: Single-cylinder chip catchers are widely used in various applications requiring solid and fluid separation, especially in oil and gas extraction, chemical industry, metallurgy and other fields. They can effectively prevent solid substances from entering subsequent processes and avoid equipment blockage and wear.

[0008] Preferably, the pipeline is equipped with a first throttle valve, which is connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid. The first throttle valve is designed to control the opening and closing of the pipeline, thereby controlling whether the produced material from the natural gas wellhead flows into the pipeline. Preferably, the first throttle valve is an electronically controlled valve, connected to the PLC control system. When the PLC control system detects that the pressure value exceeds a set threshold, it controls the first throttle valve to close.

[0009] Preferably, the pipeline is equipped with a surface safety valve and a high-pressure data head, which are connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid. The surface safety valve, debris catcher, high-pressure data head, and first throttle valve are sequentially arranged along the direction of the natural gas wellhead production flow. The surface safety valve is designed for rapid emergency closure in case of fire, abnormal pressure, or other emergencies. In emergency situations, it is used to quickly cut off the wellhead production of natural gas, preventing leakage and protecting downstream equipment. The surface safety valve is connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid, allowing for remote shutdown via the PLC control system and control center. The surface safety valve and the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid have emergency shutdown and wellhead pressure abnormality shutdown functions, enabling emergency shutdown of the natural gas wellhead production. The high-pressure data head is used to collect pressure values ​​within the pipeline and transmit these values ​​to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid.

[0010] The system is configured with a surface safety valve, a debris catcher, a high-pressure data head, and a first throttle valve sequentially along the direction of the gas production flow from the wellhead. This arrangement ensures that the gas production material first passes through the surface safety valve, debris catcher, high-pressure data head, and first throttle valve. This configuration guarantees that the surface safety valve can quickly shut off the gas production material from the wellhead in an emergency, thus preventing leakage and protecting downstream equipment. Furthermore, it ensures that the debris catcher filters the gas production material from the wellhead as early as possible.

[0011] Preferably, a first pressure transmitter and a first temperature transmitter are provided at both the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. The first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline inlet are located at the inlet of the surface safety valve, and the first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline outlet are located at the outlet of the first throttle valve. The first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly. Specifically, a first pressure transmitter and a first temperature transmitter are installed at the inlet of the wellhead assembly skid and upstream of the surface safety valve, and another set of first pressure transmitters and first temperature transmitters are installed at the outlet of the wellhead assembly skid. The first pressure transmitter and first temperature transmitter upstream of the surface safety valve mainly detect the pressure and temperature of the water-bearing natural gas coming out of the wellhead, while the first pressure transmitter and first temperature transmitter at the outlet of the wellhead assembly skid mainly detect the pressure and temperature of the natural gas inside the wellhead assembly skid. When the pressure exceeds the set value, a signal is transmitted to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid, which then issues a signal command to close the surface safety valve. The first pressure transmitter at the outlet of the wellhead assembly skid mainly detects the natural gas pressure inside the wellhead assembly skid. When the pressure is lower than the set value, it may indicate a leak in the downstream pipeline, and a signal is transmitted to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid, which then issues a signal command to close the surface safety valve.

[0012] Preferably, the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly includes a water jacket furnace, which is connected to a pipeline, and a separator is connected to the outlet of the water jacket furnace. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly is connected to both the water jacket furnace and the separator. The water jacket furnace has an automatic heating temperature control function. The water jacket furnace is connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, and has comprehensive safety protection functions, including interlocking control functions for temperature, flame, and gas supply. The water jacket furnace has complete data interfaces for each instrument, and parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flame status can be viewed through the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The water jacket furnace is used to heat and reduce the viscosity of the products produced at the wellhead of the natural gas extraction well. The separator is connected to the water jacket furnace through corresponding pipelines. The separator in this application is for the preliminary separation of oil, gas, and water.

[0013] Preferably, the water jacket furnace is equipped with a burner, and a second pressure transmitter and a second temperature transmitter are installed at both the inlet and outlet of the inner coil of the water jacket furnace; a level transmitter is installed on the water jacket furnace; the second pressure transmitter, the second temperature transmitter, the level transmitter, and the burner are all connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The instruments such as the second pressure transmitter, the second temperature transmitter, and the level transmitter on the water jacket furnace are all interlocked with the burner. That is, when the burner starts, it burns at high flame. When the temperature at the coil outlet reaches the set value, the second temperature transmitter at the coil outlet sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, which then interlocks and controls the burner to switch to low flame or stop operating. When the liquid level in the water jacket furnace is low, the level transmitter sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, which then interlocks and controls the burner to stop operating. The burner in the water jacket furnace of this application is a natural gas burner, which allows the burner to use metered natural gas separated by a separator as fuel.

[0014] The water jacket furnace has a sealed operating room at the furnace head. The burner is a fully automatic burner, and all components used for ignition and combustion are placed in the operating room. A combustible gas alarm and an explosion-proof fan are installed in the operating room. When there is a gas leak in the operating room, the combustible gas alarm transmits the data to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly controls the burner to stop working. At the same time, the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly interlocks and starts the explosion-proof fan to force air replacement in the operating room to ensure the safe operation of the burner.

[0015] Preferably, the separator is equipped with a third pressure transmitter and a first remote level gauge capable of detecting high and low liquid levels. The separator is equipped with two sewage discharge pipelines, one of which is a manual discharge pipeline and the other is an automatic discharge pipeline. The automatic discharge pipeline is equipped with a first electric regulating valve. The first remote level gauge, the third pressure transmitter, and the first electric regulating valve are respectively connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The separator is designed to achieve gas-liquid separation. Based on the liquid level stored within the separator, the opening and closing of the first electric regulating valve on the sewage pipeline is controlled. The manual drain pipeline is manually opened and closed, allowing sewage to be discharged externally. The first remote level gauge is equipped with a high-level alarm (LIT) and a low-level control (LLS). Under normal circumstances, the manual drain pipeline is open, and sewage is discharged through it. When the liquid level exceeds the set height, data is transmitted to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly controls the first electric regulating valve on the automatic drain pipeline to open and discharge liquid. At this time, both sewage discharge pipelines on the separator are open for sewage discharge. When the liquid level exceeds the normal set value, the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly controls the first electric regulating valve on the automatic drain pipeline to close and discharge liquid. In this case, only the manual drain pipeline is used to discharge sewage.

[0016] Both the water jacket furnace and the separator are connected to safety valve venting lines. These lines ensure timely pressure release in case of overpressure, preventing damage due to excessive pressure and guaranteeing the safety performance and service life of the furnace and separator. Connections between the water jacket furnace and the separator can be made using existing methods. When the discharge capacity of the safety valve venting line on the water jacket furnace is insufficient to meet discharge requirements, and the pressure inside the furnace becomes excessively high, the second pressure transmitter on the furnace sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating and separation metering skid assembly. The PLC control system of the throttling heating and separation metering skid assembly then transmits a signal to the remote terminal device, which in turn controls the ground safety valve to close, ensuring the safe operation of the water jacket furnace. When the discharge capacity of the safety valve venting pipeline on the separator fails to meet the discharge requirements and the pressure inside the separator is too high, the third pressure transmitter on the separator sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly transmits a signal to the remote terminal device, which then controls the ground safety valve to close to ensure the safe operation of the separator.

[0017] Flow meters are installed on the wastewater and natural gas pipelines of the separator to record the instantaneous and cumulative flow rates of the produced and exported natural gas and wastewater. Preferably, the natural gas pipeline of the separator is equipped with a self-regulating pressure regulating valve. After the natural gas is depressurized by the self-regulating pressure regulating valve, the depressurized natural gas is delivered as fuel gas to the burner in the heating furnace for combustion.

[0018] Preferably, the flash separation skid assembly includes a flash evaporator connected to a storage tank. The flash evaporator is connected to the outlet of the separator and to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly. The main function of the flash evaporator is to receive the wastewater separated in the separator and further separate condensate oil. Wastewater from the separator enters the flash evaporator for flash separation. After processing by the internal devices of the flash evaporator, condensate oil and wastewater are separated. The PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly controls the settling separation operation of the flash evaporator to ensure normal settling separation operation.

[0019] Preferably, the flash evaporator is equipped with a self-regulating pressure regulating valve at its inlet. The mixing chamber and condensate oil chamber of the flash evaporator are respectively equipped with a second remote level gauge and a third remote level gauge capable of detecting high and low liquid levels. A second electric regulating valve is installed on the pipeline between the condensate oil chamber and the storage tank. A wastewater discharge pipeline is installed on the mixing chamber, and a third electric regulating valve is installed on the wastewater discharge pipeline. The self-regulating pressure regulating valve, the second remote level gauge, the third remote level gauge, the second electric regulating valve, and the third electric regulating valve are all connected to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly. Wastewater from the separator enters the flash evaporator and undergoes oil-water separation after processing by the internal devices. Natural gas contained in the wastewater continuously accumulates, and when it reaches a set pressure value, it is discharged through the natural gas pipeline under the action of a self-regulating pressure regulating valve (adjusted before the valve to ensure pressure within the flash evaporator), maintaining a stable pressure balance within the flash evaporator. After settling, the wastewater in the flash evaporator separates again, with condensate entering the condensate chamber and the secondary separated wastewater located in the mixing chamber. A second and third remote level gauge are installed in the mixing and condensate chambers, respectively. Both gauges are equipped with normal and high level alarms. When the flash evaporator level reaches the normal setpoint, the second and third remote level gauges transmit signals to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly, controlling the opening of the second and third electric regulating valves to facilitate the external discharge of the secondary separated wastewater and condensate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This application installs a chip catcher on the pipeline entering the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The chip catcher filters the solids entering the pipeline network, preventing solids from clogging the pipeline or entering the gas station with the pipeline network. This greatly reduces the number of equipment management and maintenance operations at gas stations in remote scattered wells, thereby further reducing the cost of natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells.

[0021] 2. This application equips each of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, the flash separation skid assembly, and the wellhead combination device skid assembly with a PLC control system. The PLC control systems of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, the flash separation skid assembly, and the wellhead combination device skid assembly are connected to remote terminal devices. The dispatch control center monitors and controls the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly, the flash separation skid assembly, and the wellhead combination device skid assembly at the gas production well site, and implements unified dispatch management.

[0022] 3. Both the water jacket furnace and the separator in this application are connected to safety valve venting lines. The safety valve venting lines are designed to ensure that the water jacket furnace and the separator can release pressure in a timely manner under overpressure conditions, preventing damage to the water jacket furnace and the separator due to excessive pressure, and ensuring the safety performance and service life of the water jacket furnace and the separator. Furthermore, the safety valve venting lines are connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly transmits signals to the remote terminal device, which in turn controls the ground safety valve to close, effectively ensuring the safe operation of the water jacket furnace and the separator. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the skid assembly and the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly device of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly and the PLC control system of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the flash separation skid assembly and the PLC control system of this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram, 1 is the chip catcher, 2 is the high-pressure data head, 3 is the first throttle valve, 5 is the surface safety valve, 6 is the water jacket furnace, 7 is the separator, 8 is the flash evaporator, 9 is the storage tank, 10 is the gas wellhead, 11 is the throttle heating separation metering skid assembly, 12 is the flash separation skid assembly, and 13 is the wellhead assembly skid assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Example 1: A digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11, a flash separation skid assembly 12, and a remote terminal device that can send real-time data to the control center via a wireless network. The throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 and the flash separation skid assembly 12 are connected. The inlet of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 is connected to a wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 that is connected to the gas wellhead 10. Each of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11, the flash separation skid assembly 12, and the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 is equipped with a PLC control system. The PLC control systems of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11, the flash separation skid assembly 12, and the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 are connected to the remote terminal device. The wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 includes a pipe that is connected to the gas wellhead 10. The pipe is connected to the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11, and a debris catcher 1 is provided on the pipe. This application installs a chip catcher 1 on the pipeline entering the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The chip catcher 1 filters the solids entering the pipeline network, preventing solids from clogging the pipeline or entering the gas station with the pipeline network. This greatly reduces the number of equipment management and maintenance operations at gas stations in remote scattered wells, thereby further reducing the cost of natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells. It solves the existing technical problem that solids easily enter the pipeline network during natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells, which greatly increases the cost of natural gas extraction from remote scattered wells.

[0031] The PLC control system can be an S7-1500 series PLC. The remote terminal unit (RTU) is a device that can send real-time data to the control center via a wireless network. The dispatch control center monitors and controls the oil well site, implementing unified dispatch management. The remote terminal unit in this application can be a 4G telemetry terminal unit (RTU) SCS502-LT.

[0032] Example 2, based on Example 1, describes a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the chip catcher 1 is a single-cylinder chip catcher. The advantages of a single-cylinder chip catcher mainly include the following: High-efficiency filtration: The single-cylinder chip catcher intercepts solid substances such as debris, rock cuttings, and perforation residue in the fluid through its built-in filter cartridge, ensuring that impurities in the fluid are effectively filtered, thereby preventing blockage of the surface process and excessive wear of the throttle valve, extending the equipment's lifespan. Simple structure: The single-cylinder chip catcher consists of a body, filter cartridge, and corresponding valves and reducing flanges, etc., with a simple structure and convenient operation. During normal testing operations, the fluid mainly flows through the main pipeline channel; when solid substances are found in the wellbore, the flow path is simply changed to filter through the filter cartridge in chip catcher 1. Convenient maintenance: When the chip catcher 1 is nearly full of solid substances, it needs to be cleaned and flushed. The operating steps include closing the relevant valves, slowly depressurizing, flushing with a water pump until the outflowing liquid is clear, and then restarting the equipment. Wide range of applications: Single-cylinder chip catchers are widely used in various applications requiring solid and fluid separation, especially in oil and gas extraction, chemical industry, metallurgy and other fields. They can effectively prevent solid substances from entering subsequent processes and avoid equipment blockage and wear.

[0033] Example 3, based on Example 2, describes a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a first throttle valve 3 is installed on the pipeline, and the first throttle valve 3 is connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid 13. The first throttle valve 3 is set up to control the opening and closing of the pipeline, thereby controlling whether the produced material from the natural gas wellhead flows into the pipeline. Preferably, the first throttle valve 3 is an electronically controlled valve. The first throttle valve 3 is connected to the PLC control system. When the PLC control system analyzes that the pressure value exceeds the set threshold, the PLC control system controls the first throttle valve 3 to close.

[0034] Example 4, based on Example 3, a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pipeline is equipped with a surface safety valve 5 and a high-pressure data head 2, which are connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13. The surface safety valve 5, the chip catcher 1, the high-pressure data head 2, and the first throttle valve 3 are sequentially arranged along the direction of the natural gas wellhead production flow. The surface safety valve 5 is designed for emergency and rapid closure in case of fire, abnormal pressure, or other emergencies. In emergency situations, it is used to quickly cut off the wellhead production of the natural gas well, preventing leakage and protecting downstream equipment. The surface safety valve 5 is connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13, allowing for remote shutdown of the surface safety valve 5 via the PLC control system and the control center. The surface safety valve 5 and the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 have emergency shutdown and wellhead pressure abnormality shutdown functions, enabling emergency shutdown of the natural gas wellhead production. The high-pressure data head 2 is set up to collect the pressure value inside the pipeline and transmit the pressure value collected by the high-pressure data head 2 to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid component 13. The high-pressure data head 2 can be a PT-8020 high-pressure data head.

[0035] The wellhead production material is arranged in sequence along the direction of the flow from the wellhead, consisting of a surface safety valve 5, a debris catcher 1, a high-pressure data head 2, and a first throttle valve 3. This arrangement ensures that the wellhead production material first passes through the surface safety valve 5, the debris catcher 1, the high-pressure data head 2, and the first throttle valve 3. This configuration guarantees that the surface safety valve 5 can quickly cut off the wellhead production material in an emergency, thus preventing leakage and protecting downstream equipment. Furthermore, it ensures that the wellhead production material is filtered by the debris catcher 1 as early as possible.

[0036] Example 5, based on Example 4, a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a first pressure transmitter and a first temperature transmitter are installed at both the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. The first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline inlet are located at the inlet of the surface safety valve 5, and the first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline outlet are located at the outlet of the first throttle valve 3. Both the first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline inlet and outlet are connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13. Specifically, one set of first pressure transmitters and first temperature transmitters is installed at the inlet of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 and at the front end of the surface safety valve 5, and another set of first pressure transmitters and first temperature transmitters is installed at the outlet of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13. The first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the front end of the surface safety valve mainly detect the pressure and temperature of the water-bearing natural gas coming out of the wellhead, while the first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the outlet of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 mainly detect the pressure and temperature of the natural gas inside the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13. When the pressure exceeds a set value... At this time, the signal is transmitted to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13, which issues a signal command to close the surface safety valve 5. The first pressure transmitter at the outlet of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13 mainly detects the natural gas pressure inside the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13. When the pressure is lower than the set value, it may indicate a leak in the downstream pipeline section. The signal is transmitted to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid assembly 13, which issues a signal command to close the surface safety valve 5. The first pressure transmitter can be a KZ-201-M pressure transmitter, and the first temperature transmitter can be a PCT401 temperature transmitter.

[0037] Example 6, based on any one of Examples 1 to 5, a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 includes a water jacket furnace 6, which is connected to a pipeline. A separator 7 is connected to the outlet of the water jacket furnace 6. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 is connected to both the water jacket furnace 6 and the separator 7. The water jacket furnace 6 has an automatic heating temperature control function. The water jacket furnace 6 is connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The water jacket furnace 6 has comprehensive safety protection functions and interlocking control functions for temperature, flame, and gas supply. The water jacket furnace has complete data interfaces for each instrument, and parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flame status can be viewed through the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The water jacket furnace 6 is used to heat and reduce the viscosity of the wellhead products from natural gas extraction wells. The separator 7 is connected to the water jacket furnace 6 via corresponding pipelines. The separator 7 in this application is for the preliminary separation of oil, gas, and water.

[0038] Example 7, based on Example 6, a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the water jacket furnace 6 is equipped with a burner. A second pressure transmitter and a second temperature transmitter are installed at both the inlet and outlet of the inner coil of the water jacket furnace 6. A level transmitter is also installed on the water jacket furnace 6. The second pressure transmitter, second temperature transmitter, level transmitter, and burner are all connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The second pressure transmitter, second temperature transmitter, and level transmitter on the water jacket furnace 6 are all interlocked with the burner. That is, when the burner starts, it burns at high flame. When the temperature at the coil outlet reaches the set value, the second temperature transmitter at the coil outlet sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 then interlocks and controls the burner to switch to low flame or stop operation. When the liquid level in the water jacket furnace 6 is low, the level transmitter sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 then interlocks and controls the burner to stop operation. The burner in the water jacket furnace 6 of this application is a natural gas burner, which allows the burner to use the metered natural gas separated by the separator 7 as fuel.

[0039] The water-jacketed furnace 6 has a sealed operating room at its burner head. The burner is a fully automatic burner, and all components used for ignition and combustion are housed within this operating room. A combustible gas alarm and an explosion-proof fan are installed in the operating room. When a gas leak occurs, the combustible gas alarm transmits data to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 then controls the burner to stop operating. Simultaneously, the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 interlocks to start the explosion-proof fan, forcibly replacing the air in the operating room to ensure the burner's safe operation. The second pressure transmitter can be a KZ-201-M pressure transmitter, and the second temperature transmitter can be a PCT401 temperature transmitter.

[0040] Example 8, based on Example 7, a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the separator 7 is equipped with a third pressure transmitter and a first remote level gauge capable of detecting high and low liquid levels. The separator 7 is equipped with two sewage discharge pipelines, one of which is a manual sewage discharge pipeline and the other is an automatic sewage discharge pipeline. The automatic sewage discharge pipeline is equipped with a first electric regulating valve. The first remote level gauge, the third pressure transmitter, and the first electric regulating valve are respectively connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The separator 7 is designed to achieve gas-liquid separation. Based on the liquid level stored in the separator 7, the opening and closing of the first electric regulating valve on the sewage pipeline is controlled. The manual drain pipeline is manually opened and closed, and sewage is discharged externally through the manual drain pipeline. The first remote level gauge is equipped with a high level alarm (LIT) and a low level control (LLS). Under normal circumstances, the manual drain pipeline is open, and sewage is discharged externally through the manual drain pipeline. When the liquid level exceeds the set height, the data is transmitted to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 controls the first electric regulating valve on the automatic drain pipeline to open and discharge liquid. At this time, both sewage discharge pipelines on the separator 7 are open to discharge sewage. When the liquid level exceeds the normal set value, the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 controls the first electric regulating valve on the automatic drain pipeline to close and discharge liquid. At this time, sewage is discharged only through the manual drain pipeline. The third pressure transmitter can be a pressure transmitter of model KZ-201-M. The first remote level gauge can be a remote level gauge of model UHZ50C.

[0041] Both the water jacket furnace 6 and the separator 7 are connected to safety valve venting lines. These lines ensure timely pressure release in case of overpressure, preventing damage and guaranteeing their safety and lifespan. Connections between the water jacket furnace 6 and the separator 7 can be made using existing methods. When the discharge capacity of the safety valve venting line on the water jacket furnace 6 is insufficient to meet discharge requirements, or when the pressure inside the water jacket furnace 6 is excessively high, the second pressure transmitter on the water jacket furnace 6 sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 then transmits a signal to the remote terminal device, which in turn controls the ground safety valve 5 to close, ensuring the safe operation of the water jacket furnace 6. When the discharge capacity of the safety valve venting pipeline on separator 7 fails to meet the discharge requirements and the pressure inside separator 7 is too high, the third pressure transmitter on separator 7 sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 transmits a signal to the remote terminal device, which then controls the ground safety valve 5 to close, so as to ensure the safe operation of separator 7.

[0042] Flow meters are installed on the sewage pipeline and natural gas pipeline of separator 7 to record the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate of produced and exported natural gas and sewage. Preferably, the natural gas pipeline of separator 7 is equipped with a self-regulating pressure regulating valve. After the natural gas is depressurized by the self-regulating pressure regulating valve, the depressurized natural gas is delivered as fuel gas to the burner in the heating furnace 6 for combustion.

[0043] Example 9, based on Example 8, a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the flash separation skid assembly includes a flash evaporator 8 connected to a storage tank 9. The flash evaporator 8 is connected to the outlet of the separator 7 and to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly 12. The main function of the flash evaporator 8 is to receive the wastewater separated in the separator 7 and further separate condensate oil. Wastewater from the separator 7 enters the flash evaporator 8 for flash separation. After processing by the internal devices of the flash evaporator 8, condensate oil and wastewater are separated. The PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly 12 controls the settling separation operation of the flash evaporator 8 to ensure normal settling separation operation.

[0044] Example 10, based on Example 9, describes a digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, a self-regulating pressure regulating valve is provided at the inlet of the flash evaporator 8. The mixing chamber and condensate oil chamber of the flash evaporator 8 are respectively equipped with a second remote level gauge and a third remote level gauge capable of detecting high and low liquid levels. A second electric regulating valve is provided on the pipeline between the condensate oil chamber and the storage tank 9. A sewage discharge pipeline is provided on the mixing chamber, and a third electric regulating valve is provided on the sewage discharge pipeline. The self-regulating pressure regulating valve, the second remote level gauge, the third remote level gauge, the second electric regulating valve, and the third electric regulating valve are all connected to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly 12. Wastewater from separator 7 enters flash evaporator 8 and undergoes oil-water separation after processing by the internal devices. Natural gas contained in the wastewater continuously accumulates; when the set pressure value is reached, it is discharged through the natural gas pipeline under the action of a self-regulating pressure regulating valve (adjusted before the valve to ensure pressure within the flash evaporator), maintaining a stable pressure balance within flash evaporator 8. After settling, the wastewater in flash evaporator 8 is separated again; the separated condensate oil enters the condensate oil chamber within flash evaporator 8, while the secondary separated wastewater remains in the flash evaporator. The mixing chamber of flash evaporator 8 is equipped with a second remote level gauge and a third remote level gauge, respectively. Both the second and third remote level gauges are equipped with normal and high level alarms. When the liquid level in flash evaporator 8 reaches the normal level setpoint, the second and third remote level gauges transmit signals to the PLC control system of flash separation skid assembly 12, respectively controlling the opening of the second and third electric regulating valves to facilitate the secondary separation and output of wastewater and condensate oil. Alternatively, the second and third remote level gauges can be UHZ50C model remote level gauges.

[0045] In Example 10, the natural gas wellhead product flows out of the wellhead 10 and enters the pipeline, passing sequentially through the surface safety valve 5, the chip catcher 1, the high-pressure data head 2, and the first throttle valve 3. After being filtered by the chip catcher 1, the high-pressure data head 2 transmits the collected natural gas wellhead product data to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid 13. The PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid 13 controls the first throttle valve 3 to open, and the filtered natural gas wellhead product flows into the water jacket furnace 6 for heating. After heating and viscosity reduction, the natural gas wellhead product flows into the separator 7 for preliminary separation of oil, gas, and water. Then, the preliminarily separated oil flows into the flash evaporator 8, where the preliminarily separated oil is further separated. The oil condensed from the flash evaporator 8 enters the storage tank 9 through the oil outlet, and the wastewater separated by the flash evaporator 8 is discharged through the drain outlet. When the filtered natural gas wellhead produce flows into the water jacket furnace 6 for heating, the burner inside the water jacket furnace 6 starts and burns at a high flame. When the temperature at the outlet of the upper coil of the water jacket furnace 6 reaches the set value, the second temperature transmitter at the coil outlet sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 then interlocks and controls the burner to switch to low flame or stop running. When the liquid level in the water jacket furnace 6 is low, the liquid level transmitter sends a signal to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 then interlocks and controls the burner to stop running. The gas wellhead product, heated and viscous-reduced by the water jacket furnace 6, flows into the separator 7. The separator 7 separates the heated and viscous-reduced gas wellhead product to achieve gas-liquid separation. The wastewater separated by the separator 7 is discharged through a manual drain pipe. When the liquid level exceeds the set height, the data is transmitted to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11. The PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 controls the first electric regulating valve on the automatic drain pipe to open and discharge liquid. At this time, both wastewater discharge pipes on the separator 7 are open to discharge wastewater. When the liquid level exceeds the normal set value, the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly 11 controls the first electric regulating valve on the automatic drain pipe to close and discharge liquid. At this time, only the manual drain pipe is used to discharge wastewater. The separator 7 is connected to the natural gas storage tank through the natural gas export pipeline, and the natural gas separated by the separator 7 provides fuel for the burner of the water jacket furnace 6. Wastewater discharged from separator 7 enters flash evaporator 8 through the drain pipe. After being processed by the internal device of flash evaporator 8, oil and water are separated. Wastewater in flash evaporator 8 is separated again after settling. The separated condensate oil enters the condensate oil chamber in flash evaporator 8. Wastewater separated in the second stage stays in the mixing chamber of flash evaporator 8. When the liquid level in flash evaporator 8 reaches the normal liquid level set value, the second and third remote liquid level gauges respectively transmit signals to the PLC control system of flash separation skid assembly 12, which respectively control the second and third electric regulating valves to open, so as to realize the discharge of wastewater and condensate oil separated in the second stage.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A digitalized well site for natural gas extraction, characterized in that, The system includes a throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11), a flash separation skid assembly (12), and a remote terminal device that can send real-time data to the control center via a wireless network. The throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11) and the flash separation skid assembly (12) are connected. The inlet of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11) is connected to a wellhead assembly skid assembly (13) that is connected to the gas wellhead (10). Each of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11), the flash separation skid assembly (12), and the wellhead assembly skid assembly (13) is equipped with a PLC control system. The PLC control systems of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11), the flash separation skid assembly (12), and the wellhead assembly skid assembly (13) are connected to the remote terminal device. The wellhead assembly skid assembly (13) includes a pipeline that is connected to the gas wellhead (10). The pipeline is connected to the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11), and a debris catcher (1) is provided on the pipeline.

2. The intelligent well site for natural gas extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip catcher (1) is a single-cylinder chip catcher.

3. The intelligent well site for natural gas extraction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline is equipped with a first throttle valve (3), which is connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid (13).

4. The intelligent natural gas extraction well site according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pipeline is equipped with a ground safety valve (5) and a high-pressure data head (2). The ground safety valve (5) and the high-pressure data head (2) are respectively connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid (13). The ground safety valve (5), the chip catcher (1), the high-pressure data head (2) and the first throttle valve (3) are arranged in sequence along the direction of the natural gas wellhead output flow.

5. The intelligent natural gas extraction well site according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pipeline is equipped with a first pressure transmitter and a first temperature transmitter at both the inlet and outlet. The first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline inlet are located at the inlet of the surface safety valve (5), and the first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline outlet are located at the outlet of the first throttle valve (3). The first pressure transmitter and the first temperature transmitter at the pipeline inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the PLC control system of the wellhead assembly skid (13).

6. The intelligent well site for natural gas extraction according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11) includes a water jacket furnace (6), which is connected to a pipeline, and a separator (7) is connected to the outlet of the water jacket furnace (6); the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11) is connected to the water jacket furnace (6) and the separator (7) respectively.

7. The intelligent natural gas extraction well site according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water jacket furnace (6) is equipped with a burner. The inlet and outlet of the inner coil of the water jacket furnace (6) are equipped with a second pressure transmitter and a second temperature transmitter. The water jacket furnace (6) is equipped with a level transmitter. The second pressure transmitter, the second temperature transmitter, the level transmitter and the burner are all connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11).

8. The intelligent natural gas extraction well site according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separator (7) is equipped with a first remote level gauge capable of detecting high and low liquid levels. The separator (7) is equipped with two sewage discharge pipelines, one of which is a manual sewage discharge pipeline and the other is an automatic sewage discharge pipeline. The automatic sewage discharge pipeline is equipped with a first electric regulating valve. The first remote level gauge and the first electric regulating valve are respectively connected to the PLC control system of the throttling heating separation metering skid assembly (11).

9. The intelligent well site for natural gas extraction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flash separation skid assembly includes a flash evaporator (8) connected to a storage tank (9), the flash evaporator (8) being connected to the outlet of the separator (7), and the flash evaporator (8) being connected to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly (12).

10. The intelligent well site for natural gas extraction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The flash evaporator (8) is equipped with a self-regulating pressure regulating valve at its inlet. The mixing chamber and condensate oil chamber of the flash evaporator (8) are respectively equipped with a second remote level gauge and a third remote level gauge capable of detecting high and low liquid levels. A second electric regulating valve is provided on the pipeline between the condensate oil chamber and the storage tank (9). A sewage outflow pipeline is provided on the mixing chamber. A third electric regulating valve is provided on the sewage outflow pipeline. The self-regulating pressure regulating valve, the second remote level gauge, the third remote level gauge, the second electric regulating valve, and the third electric regulating valve are all connected to the PLC control system of the flash separation skid assembly (12).

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