A mouthpiece model

Abstract

The utility model relates to tunnel construction equipment technical field, aims at solving the concrete pouring difficulty of the mouth spare part in prior art, the inconvenience of formwork stripping and moulding, low operation efficiency, low product quality, the problem of depending on manual operation and high labor intensity, provides a mouth spare part model, it includes inner mould, outer mould, bottom die and hydraulic system, and the ground walking mechanism is all had in the bottom of inner mould and outer mould, the outer mould has first big straight section, first short straight section, second short straight section and first circular arc section, the inner mould has second big straight section, third short straight section rotating block, fourth short straight section rotating block, first small arc section rotating block, second small arc section rotating block and first arc section, and the bottom die lower part is provided with the hydraulic running track of adapting with ground walking mechanism, the utility model has the beneficial effect that can successfully complete concrete pouring, is convenient for formwork stripping and moulding, improves operation efficiency, improves product quality, reduces manual work and reduces labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment technology, and more specifically, to a model of a tunnel entrance component. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of urban rail transit and underground engineering construction, shield tunneling has become the mainstream technology for tunnel excavation due to its advantages such as high construction efficiency and minimal impact on the surrounding environment. The cross-section of shield tunnels is mostly circular, mainly because a circular cross-section can more rationally distribute the ground pressure, and the structural stress stability is significantly better than other shapes, which can effectively improve the overall load-bearing capacity and service life of the tunnel. In the subsequent supporting construction of circular shield tunnels, in order to meet the requirements of road paving, the bottom of the circular tunnel needs to be treated as a planar structure. If the planar structure is formed by filling it with concrete, on the one hand, it will consume a large amount of concrete materials, significantly increasing the project cost; on the other hand, it will significantly increase the overall self-weight of the tunnel, which may have an adverse effect on the bearing capacity of the tunnel foundation and the stability of the surrounding strata, which does not meet the requirements of economic efficiency and safety in engineering construction.

[0003] Based on this, the tunnel lining component, a key prefabricated component adapted to circular shield tunnels, has emerged. The bottom surface of the tunnel lining component is designed as an arc-shaped structure that fits snugly against the inner wall of the circular tunnel, allowing it to adhere tightly to the tunnel bottom. The top surface is flat, enabling it to directly serve as a core component of the tunnel surface. Simultaneously, the tunnel lining component features a hollow passage in the middle, which can not only accommodate municipal facilities such as cables and water supply / drainage pipes, realizing multi-functional utilization of tunnel space, but also significantly reduce concrete usage, lower component weight, and engineering costs. Therefore, its application is becoming increasingly widespread in underground engineering projects such as urban subway tunnels and integrated utility tunnels in my country. However, the current prefabrication production of tunnel lining components... The current method still relies on traditional large molds, which have obvious structural design flaws: the outer mold is generally made up of four independent templates, and although the inner mold has the function of inward tightening demolding, both the outer and inner molds need to be lifted off as a whole by large hoists after the concrete is poured. This operation method not only requires a lot of manpower to coordinate the positioning of the hoisting equipment, but also involves complicated procedures, is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and seriously restricts the production efficiency of the components. More importantly, during the lifting process, the template is prone to shaking and collision due to problems such as shift in the center of gravity and instability of the lifting points, and there is even a safety hazard of the template falling, which threatens the safety of personnel and the integrity of equipment on the construction site.

[0004] With the acceleration of urbanization in my country, the demand for tunnel entrance components in urban underground engineering continues to grow. The inefficiency and high risk of traditional molds are becoming increasingly prominent. There is an urgent need to design a special model that is suitable for the prefabrication of tunnel entrance components in urban subway tunnels and can balance production efficiency and construction safety to meet the actual needs of engineering construction. Its application prospects are very broad. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a model for a joint component to solve the problems of difficult concrete pouring, inconvenient formwork removal and detachment, low work efficiency, low product quality, reliance on manual operation and high labor intensity in the prior art.

[0006] The embodiments of this utility model are implemented as follows: This utility model provides a mold for a slotted part, which includes an inner mold, an outer mold, a bottom mold and a hydraulic system. The bottom of the inner mold and the outer mold are both connected to a ground walking mechanism via flanges. The aforementioned outer mold adopts a side-wrapped bottom combination method. The aforementioned outer mold has a first large straight section, a first short straight section, a second short straight section, and a first arc section. In the mold-closed state, the aforementioned outer mold forms a U-shaped structure. The outer sides of the aforementioned first large straight section, the aforementioned first short straight section, the aforementioned second short straight section, and the aforementioned first arc section are all connected to external telescopic hydraulic cylinders, and the hydraulic system is connected to the external telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The aforementioned inner mold has a second large straight section, a third short straight section rotating block, a fourth short straight section rotating block, a first small arc section rotating block, a second small arc section rotating block, and a first arc section. The interior of the aforementioned inner mold has an internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder that drives the aforementioned second large straight section, the aforementioned third short straight section rotating block, the aforementioned fourth short straight section rotating block, the aforementioned first small arc section rotating block, the aforementioned second small arc section rotating block, and the aforementioned first arc section to swing or move. The hydraulic system is connected to the internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The lower part of the aforementioned bottom mold is equipped with a hydraulic running track adapted to the aforementioned ground walking mechanism.

[0007] In use, the aforementioned ground walking mechanism is installed onto the bottom of the aforementioned inner mold and the aforementioned outer mold respectively; wherein the aforementioned outer mold is composed of the aforementioned first large straight section, the aforementioned first short straight section, the aforementioned second short straight section, and the aforementioned first arc section; the aforementioned inner mold is assembled from the aforementioned second large straight section, the aforementioned third short straight section rotating block, the aforementioned fourth short straight section rotating block, the aforementioned first small arc section rotating block, the aforementioned second small arc section rotating block, and the aforementioned first arc section. When installing the aforementioned ground walking mechanism, it is necessary to ensure that it is precisely adapted to the aforementioned hydraulic running track; then the hydraulic system is started, and the aforementioned second large straight section, the aforementioned third short straight section rotating block, the aforementioned fourth short straight section rotating block, the aforementioned first small arc section rotating block, the aforementioned second small arc section rotating block, and the aforementioned first arc section are unfolded through the internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder, so as to facilitate the enclosure of the aforementioned inner mold. The above-mentioned ground walking mechanism drives the inner mold to move along the above-mentioned hydraulic walking track to the preset position of the bottom mold. After the inner mold is positioned, the steel cage is hoisted into the space enclosed by the inner mold and the bottom mold. Then, the outer mold is driven by the external telescopic hydraulic cylinder to move along the above-mentioned hydraulic walking track towards the inner mold, so that the outer mold, the inner mold, and the bottom mold gradually fit together. After the outer mold and the inner mold are in place, the inner mold and the outer mold are fastened together, and then the concrete pouring operation can be carried out. After the pouring is completed and the concrete reaches the demolding strength, the hydraulic system is restarted, and the above-mentioned ground walking mechanism drives the outer mold and the inner mold to move along the above-mentioned hydraulic walking track away from the finished product to achieve demolding. Finally, the finished product is hoisted away from the site, completing the single-piece prefabrication operation.

[0008] The sprue model disclosed in this embodiment adopts the coordinated design of the aforementioned inner mold, outer mold, and bottom mold, combined with the aforementioned ground walking mechanism and hydraulic running track. Through the hydraulic system drive, the inner mold and outer mold can be accurately moved and detached, without relying on lifting equipment to remove the template. This effectively avoids the labor-intensive and time-consuming process and safety risks associated with traditional mold detachment. As a result, the sprue model has the beneficial effects of smoothly completing concrete pouring, facilitating template detachment, improving work efficiency, improving product quality, reducing labor, and lowering labor intensity.

[0009] Optionally, the top of the first short straight segment, the second short straight segment, and the first arc segment are all connected to a pouring platform, and the outer edge of the pouring platform is vertically connected to a guardrail.

[0010] With this configuration, the aforementioned pouring platform provides workers with a stable and fully covered operating space for concrete pouring operations, avoiding the safety risks of workers operating in unsupported areas. At the same time, the guardrails vertically connected to the outer edge of the pouring platform can effectively prevent workers from accidentally falling during operations, further improving construction safety. Moreover, this structural design is highly compatible with the overall outer formwork, eliminating the need for additional temporary operating scaffolds, reducing construction preparation time, indirectly improving the efficiency of prefabrication of components, and ensuring the unity of safety and efficiency in the operation process.

[0011] Optionally: The top of the first straight section is connected to an operating platform, the two ends of the operating platform are connected to ladders, and the two sides of the ladders are vertically fixedly connected to handrails.

[0012] This configuration, by connecting the operating platform to the top of the first large straight section, provides a stable operating platform for workers to carry out operations such as mold closing inspection of the component model and adjustment of embedded parts, avoiding the safety hazards of workers relying on temporary supports. At the same time, the ladders connected to both ends of the operating platform, together with the handrails fixed vertically on both sides, not only provide workers with a convenient passage to and from the operating platform, but also provide protection through the handrails to prevent workers from accidentally slipping during climbing. The overall structure is highly compatible with the main body of the model, eliminating the need for additional auxiliary facilities, reducing construction preparation procedures, and indirectly ensuring the efficiency and quality of component prefabrication while improving operational safety and convenience.

[0013] Optionally, the structure of the first long straight segment, the first short straight segment, the second short straight segment and the first arc segment is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower, and the middle layer is provided with an adjustment block for adjusting the height of the model.

[0014] This design allows for flexible adjustment of the overall model height by adding, removing, or replacing adjustment blocks, eliminating the need to create separate sets of templates for different height specifications of the fittings. This achieves "one model for multiple uses" and significantly reduces the cost of template production and replacement. At the same time, the layered structure and adjustment block design are compatible with the model's original assembly logic, making adjustment simple and convenient without requiring modifications to the main structure of the model. This reduces the construction preparation time when switching specifications, indirectly improving the efficiency of fitting prefabrication and balancing economy and practicality.

[0015] Optionally, the ground walking mechanism includes traveling wheels installed at the bottom of the inner mold, the bottom of the outer mold, and the bottom of the ladder. The traveling wheels are slidably engaged with the hydraulic traveling track at the bottom of the bottom mold, and the ground walking mechanism is connected to the hydraulic system for transmission.

[0016] This configuration, using a hydraulic system to drive the traveling wheels along the track, enables the inner and outer molds to be detached and joined without relying on lifting equipment to remove the formwork. This avoids potential safety accidents during the lifting process, reduces construction safety risks, and replaces the traditional method of manually pushing the formwork, reducing manual operation and labor intensity. At the same time, the way the traveling wheels slide along the track ensures the stability and accuracy of the formwork movement during the detachment and joining process, preventing formwork misalignment from affecting the prefabrication dimensions of the components. This improves the safety and convenience of the detachment and joining operation while ensuring the production quality and operational efficiency of the components.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a quick positioning fixture, which has a positioning bolt for positioning the pre-embedded steel sleeve, a bending mandrel for positioning the pre-embedded bent sleeve of the hand hole, and a through hole and observation hole opened at a specified position on the model.

[0018] This configuration enables precise positioning of key embedded parts in the prefabrication of opening components, effectively meeting the dimensional deviation requirements of 0mm to +5mm in length, ±5mm in width and height, and ±5mm in diagonal difference, thus ensuring overall product quality. Simultaneously, the through holes and observation holes facilitate on-site operation and positioning verification by workers, allowing confirmation of embedded part positions without disassembling the model. This reduces manual adjustment procedures and operational difficulty, improving the efficiency and accuracy of embedded part positioning while lowering rework costs due to positioning deviations, thus contributing to high-quality prefabrication of opening components.

[0019] Optionally, the outer mold is further provided with an attached vibrator, which is installed at the lower, middle and upper parts of the outer mold respectively, and the attached vibrator at the bottom of the outer mold is the priority start unit.

[0020] This setup allows for targeted auxiliary vibration during the layered concrete pouring process, prioritizing the vibration of the lower concrete of the joint component. This effectively removes air bubbles from the concrete, preventing quality issues such as insufficient component density and honeycomb-like surface defects caused by residual air bubbles, thus ensuring the strength and appearance quality of the joint component. Simultaneously, the layered vibrators can be flexibly started and stopped in accordance with the pouring progress, eliminating the need for manual hand-held vibration equipment operation. This reduces manual labor intensity and blind spots, improving concrete pouring quality while further ensuring the efficiency and pass rate of joint component prefabrication.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes an upper pull rod and a lower pull rod, wherein the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are respectively spaced apart along the height direction of the inner mold and the outer mold, and the two ends of the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are respectively detachably connected to the inner mold and the outer mold.

[0022] This design ensures a stable longitudinal clamping effect on the inner and outer molds after the model is closed, effectively preventing deformation and displacement of the template due to lateral pressure during concrete pouring and guaranteeing the dimensional accuracy of the prefabricated components. Simultaneously, the detachable connection allows for quick removal of the upper and lower tie rods during demolding without damaging the template structure. This reduces operational difficulty and labor time, protects the template, extends its service life, and balances the production quality of the components with the economic efficiency of the model, thus facilitating the efficient completion of the prefabrication of the components.

[0023] Optionally, an adjustable base is provided below the bottom mold, and the base is provided with adjusting bolts for leveling the bottom mold and the hydraulic travel track during the mold erection stage.

[0024] This configuration allows for convenient leveling of the bottom mold and hydraulic travel rails during the formwork erection stage. It effectively prevents the inner and outer molds from shifting or the mold closing dimensions from being inaccurate due to tilting of the bottom mold or rails, ensuring that the prefabricated dimensions of the components meet the deviation requirements. At the same time, it eliminates the need for complex external leveling equipment, making the leveling operation simple and efficient, reducing formwork preparation time and indirectly improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the adjustable base can adapt to the flatness of different construction sites, enhancing the applicability of the model under different working conditions and laying the foundation for high-quality prefabrication of the components.

[0025] Optionally: The above-mentioned operating platform includes a walkway plate disposed on the outside of the outer mold. The walkway plate is fixedly connected to the outer mold via a bracket. The height of the walkway plate is adapted to the height of the casting platform. The walkway plate is provided with a guardrail.

[0026] This design provides workers with a continuous operating space that matches the height of the pouring area, avoiding the safety hazards of workers switching between working surfaces at different heights. At the same time, the guardrails on the walkway can effectively prevent workers from falling accidentally during operation, improving construction safety. Furthermore, the structure is integrated with the outer mold, eliminating the need for additional temporary work platforms and reducing construction preparation procedures. While ensuring operational safety and convenience, it indirectly improves the efficiency of prefabrication of the joint components, helping to complete the prefabrication of the joint components with high quality.

[0027] Optionally: The above-mentioned rapid casting fixture also has a triangular prism-shaped cover plate, which is placed on the top of the inner mold, and the triangular prism-shaped cover plate is provided with four inclined surfaces for guiding concrete. The outer edge dimension of the aforementioned triangular prism-shaped cover plate is larger than the top outer edge dimension of the aforementioned inner mold, and the inclination angle of the four aforementioned inclined surfaces of the aforementioned triangular prism-shaped cover plate is 30° to 45°.

[0028] This design not only allows for precise guidance of concrete into the top pouring port of the model via the aforementioned inclined surface, solving the problems of difficult material discharge and easy leakage in traditional hoppers, thus avoiding concrete waste and environmental pollution, but also ensures smooth and efficient concrete discharge through the appropriate outer edge size and tilt angle, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments to the hopper position. At the same time, the cover plate has a simple structure and is easy to clean, reducing subsequent maintenance operations. While improving the efficiency of concrete pouring for the opening components, it also ensures the convenience and economy of the pouring operation, helping to promote the efficient advancement of the opening component prefabrication industry.

[0029] Optionally: The above-mentioned triangular prism-style cover plate is provided with several evenly distributed lifting lugs.

[0030] This design allows for convenient hoisting, installation, and disassembly of the triangular prism-shaped cover plate using lifting equipment, eliminating the need for manual handling, reducing labor intensity, and preventing damage during transport. Furthermore, the evenly distributed lifting lugs ensure balanced force during hoisting, preventing concrete spillage or misalignment due to tilting, and ensuring the cover plate is precisely positioned on top of the inner mold to efficiently guide concrete pouring. This balances operational convenience with pouring stability, indirectly improving the efficiency and quality of prefabrication of the components.

[0031] Optionally, the top of the ladder is flush with the pouring platform, and the bottom of the ladder is connected to the ground walking mechanism.

[0032] This design, by aligning the top of the ladder with the pouring platform, allows workers to smoothly transition from the ladder to the platform, avoiding inconvenience or tripping risks caused by height differences, thus improving operational convenience and safety. Simultaneously, the ladder's bottom connects to the ground-based walking mechanism, enabling it to move synchronously with the inner and outer molds. This eliminates the need to readjust the ladder's position after the formwork has moved, reducing construction adjustment procedures and eliminating the need for additional independent ladders, lowering auxiliary facility costs. While ensuring convenient and safe access for workers to and from the pouring platform, this design indirectly improves the efficiency of prefabrication of components and aligns with the overall model operation process.

[0033] Optionally: The lower part of the casting platform corresponding to the first straight section and the first arc section is provided with a support column. One end of the support column is connected to the lower part of the casting platform through a flange, and the other end of the support column is connected to the ground walking mechanism in the corresponding hydraulic running track through a flange.

[0034] This configuration provides stable vertical support for the pouring platform, preventing safety hazards caused by platform deformation during worker operations. It also ensures a secure connection between the support columns, the pouring platform, and the ground-based walking mechanism via flanges, guaranteeing the reliability of the support structure. Furthermore, the linkage between the support columns and the ground-based walking mechanism allows the external formwork to move along the hydraulic track via the ground-based walking mechanism, eliminating the need to disassemble and reassemble the support structure after the formwork has moved. This reduces construction adjustment procedures, improves the safety and stability of the pouring operation, indirectly ensures the efficiency of prefabrication of components, and adapts to the overall model operation process.

[0035] Optionally, the outer sides of the first short straight section and the second short straight section are provided with columns, the bottom ends of the columns are connected to the corresponding ground walking mechanism, and the side flanges of the columns are connected to the outer wall of the first short straight section or the second short straight section.

[0036] This configuration provides stable lateral support for the first and second short straight sections, preventing deformation or displacement due to lateral pressure during concrete pouring and ensuring accurate prefabrication dimensions of the opening components. Furthermore, flange connections allow for secure assembly of the columns with either the first or second short straight section. The columns move synchronously with the short straight sections along with the ground-based walking mechanism, eliminating the need for separate disassembly and reassembly of the support structure before and after formwork movement, thus reducing construction steps. In addition, this support method eliminates the need for additional temporary supports, reducing manual operation and auxiliary costs. While improving the stability and ease of operation of the outer formwork structure, it indirectly ensures the efficiency and quality of the prefabrication of the opening components.

[0037] In summary, the opening component model disclosed in this utility model has the beneficial effects of enabling smooth concrete pouring, facilitating formwork removal and unloading, improving work efficiency, improving product quality, reducing labor, and lowering labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a top view of a slotted component model in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a front view of a slot component model in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3This is a side view of a slotted component model in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the inner mold in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the operating platform in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of the operating platform in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the triangular prism-style cover plate in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0040] Icons: 1-Inner mold, 2-Outer mold, 3-Bottom mold, 4-Ground walking mechanism, 5-First large straight section, 6-First short straight section, 7-Second short straight section, 8-First arc section, 9-Second large straight section, 10-Third short straight section rotating block, 11-Fourth short straight section rotating block, 12-First small arc section rotating block, 13-Second small arc section rotating block, 14-First arc section, 15-Hydraulic traveling track, 16-Pouring platform Platform, 17-Guardrail, 18-Operating platform, 19-Ladder, 20-Handrail, 21-Walking wheel, 22-Quick positioning fixture, 23-Handhole, 24-Bent mandrel, 25-Upper pull rod, 26-Lower pull rod, 27-Base, 28-Walkway plate, 29-Guardrail, 30-Triangular prism style cover plate, 31-Sloping surface, 32-Lifting lug, 33-Support column, 34-Column, 35-Internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7This embodiment proposes a molded part model, including an inner mold 1, an outer mold 2, a bottom mold 3, and a hydraulic system (not shown in the figure). The bottom flanges of both the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 are connected to a ground walking mechanism 4. The outer mold 2 adopts a side-wrapped bottom combination method. The outer mold 2 has a first large straight section 5, a first short straight section 6, a second short straight section 7 and a first arc section 8. In the mold closing state, the outer mold 2 forms a U-shaped structure. The outer sides of the first large straight section 5, the first short straight section 6, the second short straight section 7 and the first arc section 8 are all connected to external telescopic hydraulic cylinders (not shown in the figure). The hydraulic system is connected to the external telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The inner mold 1 has a second large straight section 9, a third short straight section rotating block 10, a fourth short straight section rotating block 11, a first small arc section rotating block 12, a second small arc section rotating block 13 and a first arc section 14. The inner mold has an internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder 35 that drives the second large straight section 9, the third short straight section rotating block 10, the fourth short straight section rotating block 11, the first small arc section rotating block 12, the second small arc section rotating block 13 and the first arc section 14 to swing or move. The hydraulic system is connected to the internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder 35. The bottom mold 3 is equipped with a hydraulic running track 15 that is compatible with the ground walking mechanism 4.

[0044] In use, the ground walking mechanism 4 is installed at the bottom of the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 respectively. The outer mold 2 is composed of the first large straight section 5, the first short straight section 6, the second short straight section 7, and the first arc section 8. The inner mold 1 is assembled from the second large straight section 9, the third short straight section rotating block 10, the fourth short straight section rotating block 11, the first small arc section rotating block 12, the second small arc section rotating block 13, and the first arc section 14. When installing the ground walking mechanism 4, it is necessary to ensure that it is precisely matched with the hydraulic running track 15. Then, the hydraulic system is started, and the second large straight section 9, the third short straight section rotating block 10, the fourth short straight section rotating block 11, the first small arc section rotating block 12, the second small arc section rotating block 13, and the first arc section 14 are unfolded through the internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder to facilitate enclosure. The inner mold 1 is formed by the ground walking mechanism 4 driving the inner mold 1 to move along the hydraulic walking track 15 to the preset position of the bottom mold 3. After the inner mold 1 is positioned, the steel cage is hoisted into the space enclosed by the inner mold 1 and the bottom mold 3. Then, the outer mold 2 is driven by the external telescopic hydraulic cylinder to move along the hydraulic walking track 15 towards the inner mold 1, so that the outer mold 2 gradually fits with the inner mold 1 and the bottom mold 3. After the outer mold 2 and the inner mold 1 are in place, the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 are fastened, and then the concrete pouring operation can be carried out. After the pouring is completed and the concrete reaches the demolding strength, the hydraulic system is restarted, and the ground walking mechanism 4 drives the outer mold 2 and the inner mold 1 to move along the hydraulic walking track 15 away from the finished product to achieve demolding. Finally, the finished product is hoisted away from the site, completing the single-piece prefabrication operation.

[0045] The disclosed embodiment of the joint component model adopts a collaborative design of inner mold 1, outer mold 2 and bottom mold 3, combined with ground walking mechanism 4 and hydraulic running track 15. The hydraulic system drives the precise movement and demolding of inner mold 1 and outer mold 2 without relying on lifting equipment to remove the template. This effectively avoids the labor-intensive and time-consuming process and safety risks of traditional mold demolding. As a result, the joint component model has the beneficial effects of smoothly completing concrete pouring, facilitating template demolding, improving work efficiency, improving product quality, reducing labor and labor intensity.

[0046] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The top of the first short straight section 6, the second short straight section 7, and the first arc section 8 are all connected to a pouring platform 16. The outer edge of the pouring platform 16 is vertically connected to a guardrail 17. The pouring platform 16 can provide workers with a stable and fully covered operating space for concrete pouring operations, avoiding the safety risks of workers working in unsupported areas. At the same time, the guardrail 17 vertically connected to the outer edge of the pouring platform 16 can effectively prevent workers from accidentally falling during the operation, further improving construction safety. Moreover, this structural design has strong overall compatibility with the outer mold 2, eliminating the need to build an additional temporary operating frame, reducing construction preparation time, indirectly improving the efficiency of prefabrication of the components, and ensuring the unity of safety and efficiency in the operation process.

[0047] The top of the first straight section 5 is connected to an operating platform 18, and both ends of the operating platform 18 are connected to ladders 19. Both sides of the ladders 19 are vertically fixed with handrails 20. By connecting the operating platform 18 to the top of the first straight section 5, a stable operating platform is provided for workers to carry out operations such as mold closing inspection of the mortise component model and adjustment of embedded parts, avoiding the safety hazards of workers relying on temporary supports. At the same time, the ladders 19 connected to both ends of the operating platform 18, together with the vertically fixed handrails 20 on both sides, not only provide a convenient passage for workers to go up and down the operating platform 18, but also provide protection through the handrails 20 to prevent workers from accidentally slipping during climbing. The overall structure is highly compatible with the main body of the model, and no additional auxiliary facilities are required, reducing construction preparation procedures. While improving the safety and convenience of operation, it indirectly ensures the efficiency and quality of mortise component prefabrication.

[0048] The structure of the first large straight section 5, the first short straight section 6, the second short straight section 7, and the first arc section 8 is divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower. The middle layer is equipped with adjustment blocks (not shown in the figure) for adjusting the height of the model. This allows for flexible adjustment of the overall height of the model by adding, removing, or replacing the adjustment blocks, eliminating the need to make separate sets of templates for different height specifications of the opening components. This achieves "one model for multiple uses" and significantly reduces the cost of template production and replacement. At the same time, the layered structure and the design of the adjustment blocks are compatible with the original assembly logic of the model, making the adjustment operation simple and convenient without modifying the main structure of the model. This not only meets the prefabrication requirements of two specifications of opening components, 1490mm and 1990mm, but also reduces the construction preparation time when switching specifications, indirectly improving the efficiency of opening component prefabrication and balancing economy and practicality.

[0049] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The ground walking mechanism 4 includes traveling wheels 21 installed at the bottom of the inner mold 1, the outer mold 2, and the bottom of the ladder 19. The traveling wheels 21 are slidably engaged with the hydraulic traveling track 15 at the bottom of the bottom mold 3, and the ground walking mechanism 4 is connected to the hydraulic system. The traveling wheels 21 are driven by the hydraulic system to move along the track to realize the demolding of the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2. There is no need to rely on lifting equipment to lift the template, which avoids the safety accidents that may occur during the lifting process, reduces the construction safety risk, and replaces the traditional method of manually pushing the template, reducing manual operation and labor intensity. At the same time, the way the traveling wheels 21 slide along the track can ensure the stability and accuracy of the template movement during the demolding process, and avoid the template offset affecting the prefabrication size of the opening component. While improving the safety and convenience of the demolding operation, it also ensures the production quality and operation efficiency of the opening component.

[0050] It also includes a quick positioning fixture 22, which has a positioning bolt (not shown in the figure) for positioning the pre-embedded steel sleeve, a bent mandrel 24 for positioning the pre-embedded bent sleeve in the hand hole 23, and through holes (not shown in the figure) and observation holes (not shown in the figure) opened at designated positions on the model. This enables precise positioning of key pre-embedded parts in the prefabrication of the opening component, effectively meeting the dimensional deviation requirements of 0mm to +5mm in the length direction, ±5mm in width and height, and ±5mm in diagonal difference of the opening component, ensuring the overall quality of the product. At the same time, the through holes and observation holes facilitate on-site operation and positioning verification by workers, allowing the position of the pre-embedded parts to be confirmed without disassembling the model, reducing manual adjustment procedures and operational difficulty, improving the positioning efficiency and accuracy of the pre-embedded parts, reducing rework costs caused by positioning deviations, and contributing to the high-quality prefabrication of the opening component.

[0051] The outer mold 2 is also equipped with attached vibrators (not shown in the figure). The attached vibrators are installed at the bottom, middle and top of the outer mold 2, and the attached vibrator at the bottom of the outer mold 2 is the priority start unit. This allows for targeted auxiliary vibration during the layered concrete pouring process, prioritizing the vibration effect of the concrete at the bottom of the joint, effectively removing air bubbles inside the concrete, and avoiding quality problems such as insufficient density of the component and honeycomb surface caused by residual air bubbles. This ensures the strength and appearance quality of the joint product. At the same time, the layered vibrators can be flexibly started and stopped in accordance with the pouring progress, eliminating the need for manual hand-held vibration equipment operation, reducing the intensity of manual operation and vibration blind spots. While improving the quality of concrete pouring, this further ensures the efficiency of joint prefabrication and the qualification rate of finished products.

[0052] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 It also includes upper tie rods 25 and lower tie rods 26, which are spaced apart along the height direction of the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2, respectively. The two ends of the upper tie rods 25 and lower tie rods 26 are detachably connected to the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2, respectively. This can form a stable longitudinal fastening effect on the inner mold and the outer mold 2 after the model is closed, effectively preventing the deformation and displacement of the template caused by lateral pressure during concrete pouring, and ensuring the accuracy of the prefabricated dimensions of the opening component. At the same time, the detachable connection method makes it easy to quickly remove the upper tie rods 25 and lower tie rods 26 when demolding without damaging the template structure. This reduces the difficulty of operation and labor time, and protects the template to extend its service life. It takes into account the production quality of the opening component and the economic use of the model, and helps to complete the prefabrication of the opening component efficiently.

[0053] An adjustable base 27 is provided below the bottom mold 3. The base 27 is equipped with adjusting bolts (not shown in the figure) for leveling the bottom mold 3 and the hydraulic running track 15 during the mold erection stage. This allows for convenient leveling of the bottom mold 3 and the hydraulic running track 15 during the mold erection stage, effectively avoiding the problems of the inner mold 1 and outer mold 2 moving off course and inaccurate mold closing dimensions caused by the tilt of the bottom mold 3 or the track, ensuring that the prefabricated dimensions of the opening components meet the deviation requirements. At the same time, there is no need to rely on complex external leveling equipment, the leveling operation is simple and efficient, reducing the preparation time for mold erection and indirectly improving the work efficiency. Moreover, the adjustable base 27 can adapt to the flatness of different construction sites, enhancing the applicability of the model under different working conditions and laying the foundation for high-quality prefabrication of the opening components.

[0054] The operating platform 18 includes a walkway 28 set on the outside of the outer mold 2. The walkway 28 is fixedly connected to the outer mold 2 by a bracket. The height of the walkway 28 is adapted to the height of the pouring platform 16. The walkway 28 is equipped with a guardrail 29, which can provide workers with a continuous operating space that matches the height of the pouring operation area, avoiding the safety hazards of workers switching between different working surfaces. At the same time, the guardrail 29 on the walkway 28 can effectively prevent workers from falling accidentally during operation, improving construction safety. Moreover, this structure is integrated with the outer mold 2, eliminating the need to build an additional temporary operating platform, reducing construction preparation procedures. While ensuring operational safety and convenience, it indirectly improves the efficiency of prefabrication of the joint components, helping to complete the prefabrication of the joint components with high quality.

[0055] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The rapid casting fixture also features a triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30, which is placed on top of the inner mold. The cover plate 30 has four inclined surfaces 31 for guiding concrete. The outer edge dimension of the cover plate 30 is larger than the top outer edge dimension of the inner mold 1. The inclination angles of the four inclined surfaces 31 of the cover plate 30 are 30° to 45°. This allows for precise guidance of concrete into the top pouring port of the mold, solving the problems of difficult material discharge and easy leakage in traditional hoppers, avoiding concrete waste and environmental pollution. Furthermore, the appropriate outer edge dimension and inclination angle ensure smooth and efficient concrete discharge, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments to the hopper position. Simultaneously, the cover plate has a simple structure, is easy to clean, and reduces subsequent maintenance operations. While improving the efficiency of concrete pouring for the opening components, it also ensures the convenience and economy of the pouring operation, facilitating the efficient advancement of the prefabrication of the opening components.

[0056] The triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30 is provided with several evenly distributed lifting lugs 32. On the one hand, it can be conveniently hoisted, installed and disassembled with the help of lifting equipment, eliminating the need for manual handling, reducing the labor intensity of workers, and avoiding damage to the triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30 during handling. On the other hand, the evenly distributed lifting lugs 32 can ensure the force balance of the triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30 during hoisting, preventing the triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30 from tilting and causing concrete spillage or misalignment, ensuring that the triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30 is accurately placed on the top of the inner mold 1 to efficiently guide the concrete pouring, taking into account both the convenience of operation and the stability of pouring, and indirectly improving the efficiency and quality of prefabrication of the opening component.

[0057] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The top of the ladder 19 is flush with the pouring platform 16, and the bottom of the ladder 19 is connected to the ground walking mechanism 4. By making the top of the ladder 19 flush with the pouring platform 16, workers can smoothly transition from the ladder 19 to the pouring platform 16, avoiding inconvenience or tripping risks caused by height differences when going up and down the platform, thus improving the convenience and safety of operation. At the same time, the bottom of the ladder 19 is connected to the ground walking mechanism 4, which allows the ladder 19 to move synchronously with the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2. There is no need to readjust the position of the ladder 19 after the template moves, reducing the construction adjustment process and eliminating the need to build an additional independent ladder 19, thus reducing the cost of auxiliary facilities. While ensuring the convenience and safety of workers going up and down the pouring platform 16, it indirectly improves the efficiency of the prefabrication of the opening components and adapts to the overall model operation process.

[0058] Support columns 33 are provided at the lower part of the pouring platform 16 corresponding to the first straight section 5 and the first arc section 8. One end of the support column 33 is connected to the lower part of the pouring platform 16 through a flange, and the other end of the support column 33 is connected to the ground walking mechanism 4 inside the corresponding hydraulic walking track 15 through a flange. This provides stable vertical support for the pouring platform 16, avoiding safety hazards caused by platform deformation during work. It also enables a firm connection between the support column 33 and the pouring platform 16 and the ground walking mechanism 4 through the flange, ensuring the reliability of the support structure. At the same time, the support column 33 is linked with the ground walking mechanism 4 and can move along the hydraulic walking track 15 with the outer mold 2 through the ground walking mechanism 4. There is no need to disassemble and reassemble the support structure after the template moves, reducing construction adjustment procedures. While improving the safety and stability of the pouring operation, it indirectly ensures the efficiency of the prefabrication of the components and adapts to the overall model operation process.

[0059] Both the first short straight section 6 and the second short straight section 7 are equipped with columns 34 on their outer sides. The bottom ends of the columns 34 are connected to the corresponding ground walking mechanism 4. The side flanges of the columns 34 are connected to the outer walls of the first short straight section 6 or the second short straight section 7. This provides stable lateral support for the first short straight section 6 and the second short straight section 7, preventing the short straight sections from deforming or displacing due to lateral pressure during concrete pouring, thus ensuring the accuracy of the prefabrication dimensions of the opening components. At the same time, the flange connection enables the columns 34 to be firmly assembled with the first short straight section 6 or the second short straight section 7. Meanwhile, the columns 34 move synchronously with the short straight sections along with the ground walking mechanism 4, eliminating the need to disassemble and assemble the support structure separately before and after the formwork moves, reducing construction procedures. In addition, this support method eliminates the need to build additional temporary supports, reducing manual operation and auxiliary costs. While improving the structural stability and operational convenience of the outer formwork 2, it indirectly ensures the efficiency of the opening component prefabrication operation and the quality of the finished product.

[0060] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4, Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in this embodiment, after the mold is closed, the thickness of the orifice member on one side of the first large straight section 5 is 300mm, and the thickness of the orifice members on the remaining sides is 250mm. The model of this design can be combined into two products with heights of 1490mm and 1990mm, which meets the prefabrication requirements of orifice member products of different specifications and models.

[0061] referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in this embodiment, the rapid positioning tool 22 for the orifice member is developed because in the fabrication of precast reinforced concrete members, the accuracy of installation and positioning of embedded parts directly affects the overall quality standard of the product. According to the appearance quality requirements of the orifice member product, the allowable deviation range in the length direction (longitudinal direction) is 0 to +5mm, the allowable deviation range for width and height is ±5mm, and the allowable deviation range for the difference between diagonals is ±5mm. To ensure that the orifice member mold meets the allowable deviation range for the fabrication of precast orifice member components, on the one hand, the overall dimension of the closed mold is controlled by reducing the movement offset error of the rollers in the guide rails, and on the other hand, design and research are carried out on the dimension control methods for embedded steel sleeves, embedded grouting sleeves, hand holes 23 and key positions. For the design of embedded parts such as embedded steel sleeves of the orifice member and embedded bent sleeves in the hand holes 23, different positioning bolts, bent core rods 24 and the like are adopted, and through the arrangement of through holes or observation holes at the designated positions of the mold, the on-site operation of workers is facilitated, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the embedded parts is realized.

[0062] referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in this embodiment, the rapid grouting tool for the orifice member is developed because when concrete is poured into the orifice member mold, the top pouring opening is in a "hui" shape with a maximum width of only 300mm, so that the hopper is extremely difficult to feed and prone to material leakage when transferred to the pouring opening by a gantry crane, resulting in waste and environmental pollution. Therefore, a triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30 feeding tool is researched and designed, which can cover the four pouring openings on the top of the orifice member mold at the same time. When blanking, the hopper pours concrete onto the four inclined surfaces 31 of the cover plate, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid grouting of the orifice member. The cover plate feeding tool is not only easy to operate and clean, but also can realize the rapid pouring of concrete, effectively improving the overall construction progress of the orifice member.

[0063] referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, the steel structure model of the mouth piece is suitable for casting of various types and specifications of mouth piece products, which greatly reduces the production cost. The outer mold 2 is equipped with a casting platform 16, which can form a U-shaped structure when the mold is closed. At the same time, the two ends of the large straight section are equipped with stairs leading to the casting platform 16, which facilitates the casting operation of workers and improves production efficiency.

[0064] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, an innovative hydraulic travel and mold-opening precision positioning device for the inner and outer molds 2 is designed. The hydraulic system of the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 is equipped with a traveling mechanism at the bottom of the model, which can realize the hydraulic travel and mold-opening action of the inner and outer molds 2. In combination with the structural method and installation dimensions of the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 of the opening part, in order to ensure that the template position of the inner and outer molds 2 is accurate after each travel, multiple devices for automatic positioning between the templates are designed to ensure that the overall size is correct after the templates are closed, improve product production efficiency, reduce safety hazards, and meet product size requirements.

[0065] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The specific usage principle of the component model in this embodiment is as follows: First, the bottom mold 3 is leveled using the adjusting bolts (not shown in the figure) below it to ensure that the hydraulic running track 15 on the top of the bottom mold 3 is horizontal. Then, the ground walking mechanism 4 is installed at the bottom of the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 respectively. The outer mold 2 is composed of the first large straight section 5, the first short straight section 6, the second short straight section 7, and the first arc section 8. The inner mold 1 is assembled from the second large straight section 9, the third short straight section rotating block 10, the fourth short straight section rotating block 11, the first small arc section rotating block 12, the second small arc section rotating block 13, and the first arc section 14. When installing the ground walking mechanism 4, it is necessary to ensure that its running wheels 21 are precisely matched with the hydraulic running track 15. Then, the hydraulic system is started, and the inner mold 1 is driven to unfold and move along the hydraulic running track 15 through the internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the ground walking mechanism 4. After the inner mold 1 is positioned at the preset position of the bottom mold 3, the steel cage is hoisted into the space enclosed by the inner mold 1 and the bottom mold 3. Then, the outer mold 2 is driven to move towards the inner mold 1 along the hydraulic travel track 15 by the external telescopic hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure), so that the outer mold 2 gradually fits into the inner mold 1 and the bottom mold 3. After the outer mold 2 and the inner mold 1 are in place, the inner mold 1 and the outer mold 2 are fastened by the upper pull rod 25 and the lower pull rod 26. Then, the concrete pouring operation can be carried out with the help of the triangular prism-shaped cover plate 30. After the pouring is completed and the concrete reaches the demolding strength, the upper pull rod 25 and the lower pull rod 26 are disassembled, and the hydraulic system is restarted. The outer mold 2 and the inner mold 1 are driven to move away from the finished product along the hydraulic travel track 15 by the ground walking mechanism 4 to achieve demolding. Finally, the finished product is hoisted away from the site to complete the single-piece prefabrication operation.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A type of component model, characterized in that: It includes an inner mold (1), an outer mold (2), a bottom mold (3) and a hydraulic system. The bottom of the inner mold (1) and the outer mold (2) are both connected to a ground walking mechanism (4) by flanges. The outer mold (2) adopts a side-wrapped bottom combination method. The outer mold (2) has a first large straight section (5), a first short straight section (6), a second short straight section (7) and a first arc section (8). In the mold closing state, the outer mold (2) forms a U-shaped structure. The outer sides of the first large straight section (5), the first short straight section (6), the second short straight section (7) and the first arc section (8) are all connected to external telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic system is connected to the external telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The inner mold (1) has a second large straight section (9), a third short straight section rotating block (10), a fourth short straight section rotating block (11), a first small arc section rotating block (12), a second small arc section rotating block (13), and a first arc section (14). The inner mold (1) has an internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder (35) that drives the second large straight section (9), the third short straight section rotating block (10), the fourth short straight section rotating block (11), the first small arc section rotating block (12), the second small arc section rotating block (13), and the first arc section (14) to swing or move. The hydraulic system is connected to the internal telescopic hydraulic cylinder (35). The bottom mold (3) is provided with a hydraulic running track (15) adapted to the ground walking mechanism (4).

2. The part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top ends of the first short straight section (6), the second short straight section (7) and the first arc section (8) are all connected to a pouring platform (16), and the outer edge of the pouring platform (16) is vertically connected to a guardrail (17).

3. A part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the first large straight section (5) is connected to an operating platform (18), and the two ends of the operating platform (18) are connected to ladders (19). Both sides of the ladders (19) are vertically fixed with handrails (20).

4. A part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the first large straight segment (5), the first short straight segment (6), the second short straight segment (7) and the first arc segment (8) is divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower, and the middle layer is provided with an adjustment block for adjusting the height of the model.

5. A slotted component model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground walking mechanism (4) includes walking wheels (21) installed at the bottom of the inner mold (1), the outer mold (2) and the bottom of the ladder (19). The walking wheels (21) are slidably engaged with the hydraulic walking track (15) at the bottom of the bottom mold (3), and the ground walking mechanism (4) is connected to the hydraulic system for transmission.

6. A part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a quick positioning fixture (22), which has a positioning bolt for positioning the pre-embedded steel sleeve, a bending mandrel (24) for positioning the pre-embedded bent sleeve of the hand hole (23), and a through hole and observation hole opened at a specified position on the model.

7. A part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer mold (2) is also provided with an attached vibrator, which is installed at the lower, middle and upper parts of the outer mold (2), and the attached vibrator at the bottom of the outer mold (2) is the priority start unit.

8. A part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an upper pull rod (25) and a lower pull rod (26), the upper pull rod (25) and the lower pull rod (26) are respectively spaced apart along the height direction of the inner mold (1) and the outer mold (2), and the two ends of the upper pull rod (25) and the lower pull rod (26) are respectively detachably connected to the inner mold (1) and the outer mold (2).

9. A part model according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable base (27) is provided below the bottom mold (3), and the base (27) is provided with adjusting bolts for leveling the bottom mold (3) and the hydraulic running track (15) during the mold erection stage.

10. A slotted component model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating platform (18) includes a walkway (28) disposed on the outside of the outer mold (2). The walkway (28) is fixedly connected to the outer mold (2) by a bracket, and a guardrail (29) is provided on the walkway (28).

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