A steam turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations

Abstract

The application discloses a steam turbine generator base suitable for hard rock stratum, which comprises a top plate, an intermediate platform, a supporting column and a vibration isolator, a steam turbine generator set is arranged on the top plate, the lower end of the supporting column is embedded in a rock foundation, the upper end of the supporting column is directly connected with the top plate through a connecting structure, and the vibration isolator is arranged above the top plate and connected with the bottom of the steam turbine generator set. The base of the application cancels the reinforced concrete raft foundation, directly embeds the supporting column into the bedrock, namely, takes the rock as the natural foundation of the steam turbine generator base, can significantly shorten the construction period and reduce the engineering cost under the premise of guaranteeing the stable operation of equipment and the safety of the structure, and effectively isolates the vibration near the source of the vibration by changing the arrangement position of the vibration isolator, and improves the vibration isolation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of steam turbine generator base technology, and in particular to a steam turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, for engineering geological conditions with shallow bearing strata, regardless of whether the bearing strata are rock, gravelly soil, sandy soil, silty soil, or cohesive soil, reinforced concrete raft foundations are used for turbine generator bases. However, when the bearing strata in the plant area are shallow and bedrock, using reinforced concrete raft foundations for turbine generator bases has the following disadvantages: 1) Long construction period: The construction of reinforced concrete raft foundations requires excavation of the foundation pit, pouring of the foundation layer, binding of reinforcing bars, erection of formwork, pouring of concrete, and curing, resulting in a long construction period of at least three months; 2) Difficulty in ensuring construction quality: Reinforced concrete raft foundations are generally about 50m long and 15m wide, with rigid foundation slabs generally exceeding 3m in thickness, and vibration isolation foundation slabs generally between 2.5m and 3m thick. These are all large-volume concrete structures, and the heat of hydration during pouring is a significant issue, easily leading to cracks and making it difficult to guarantee construction quality; 3) High project cost: Reinforced concrete raft foundations have a large volume, requiring 1900-2400m³ of concrete. 3 The amount of concrete used is approximately 200 to 300 tons, and the amount of steel reinforcement is approximately 200 to 300 tons. In addition, there are labor costs, formwork and other material costs. Taking all factors into account, the cost of a raft foundation is as high as 3.5 to 4.5 million yuan.

[0003] Furthermore, traditional turbine generator bases typically place vibration isolators (such as spring isolators) at the top of the support columns, between the roof and the support columns. This arrangement means that the entire weight of the roof and the equipment on it is supported by the isolators, and vibration energy is transmitted through the roof to the isolators below. The isolators must withstand extremely high loads, resulting in stringent selection requirements and high costs. Simultaneously, this arrangement leads to a long vibration transmission path (equipment → roof → isolator), failing to effectively isolate vibrations near the source and unavoidably impacting the roof's vibration. Therefore, there is room for further improvement in vibration isolation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to develop a turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations that can significantly shorten the construction period and reduce the project cost while ensuring stable equipment operation and structural safety. At the same time, by changing the position of the vibration isolator, vibration can be effectively isolated near the vibration source, thereby improving vibration isolation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations, which can significantly shorten the construction period and reduce the project cost while ensuring stable operation of the equipment and structural safety. At the same time, by changing the position of the vibration isolator, the vibration is effectively isolated near its source, thereby improving the vibration isolation efficiency.

[0006] This application provides a steam turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations. The steam turbine generator base includes a top plate, an intermediate platform, a support column, a rock foundation, and a vibration isolator. A steam turbine generator set is installed on the top plate. The lower end of the support column is embedded in the rock foundation, and the upper end of the support column is directly connected to the top plate through a connecting structure. The vibration isolator is located above the top plate at the connection point with the steam turbine generator set base.

[0007] In another preferred embodiment, the support column is embedded in the rock foundation to a depth of 0.5m-1.5m.

[0008] In another preferred embodiment, the distance between the upper surface of the rock foundation and the top plate is 15m-20m.

[0009] In another preferred embodiment, the bearing layer of the rock foundation is hard rock, and the lower end of the support column is embedded in the hard rock. The hard rock includes, but is not limited to, the following bedrocks with high bearing capacity, good integrity and shallow burial depth: unweathered or slightly weathered granite, basalt, quartzite, diorite, andesite, and diabase.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, the intermediate platform is connected to the support column.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the vibration isolator includes a rubber vibration isolator, which is a compression type rubber vibration isolator, a shear type rubber vibration isolator, or a compression-shear type rubber vibration isolator.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, the support column is a steel-concrete composite support column, which includes an outer steel pipe and concrete filled in the outer steel pipe.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, the outer steel pipe is a seamless steel pipe or a welded steel pipe.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the connection structure includes a plurality of vertically arranged and pre-embedded vertical connecting steel bars in the concrete at the top of the steel-concrete composite support column, the vertical connecting steel bars extending upward and anchored in the top slab.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the vertical connecting steel bars are welded to the inner wall of the outer steel pipe of the steel-concrete composite support column and are evenly arranged circumferentially around its perimeter, and the height of the vertical connecting steel bars in the concrete is 1.0m-1.5m.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the connection structure further includes a transversely arranged circumferential connecting steel bar, which surrounds the vertical connecting steel bar for fastening the vertical connecting steel bar.

[0017] It should be understood that, within the scope of this utility model, the above-described technical features of this utility model and the technical features specifically described below (such as in the embodiments) can be combined with each other to form new or preferred technical solutions. Due to space limitations, they will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely some implementation examples of this utility model, and those skilled in the art can obtain other implementation examples based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a side view of a steam turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations according to this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the top plate of the steam turbine generator base on a rock foundation;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a detailed drawing of the steel-concrete composite support column of a steel-concrete composite steam turbine generator base according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a detailed drawing of the connection node between the steel-concrete composite support column and the top slab according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 EE cross-section;

[0024] Figure 6 This is an engineering geological profile based on one embodiment.

[0025] In each of the attached figures, the markings are as follows:

[0026] 1-Top Plate

[0027] 2-Intermediate Platform

[0028] 3-Support column

[0029] 4-Rock Foundation

[0030] 5-Rubber Vibration Isolator

[0031] 6-Static Level

[0032] 7-holes

[0033] 8-Internal Concrete

[0034] 9-External steel pipe

[0035] 10-Vertical connecting reinforcement bars Detailed Implementation

[0036] Through extensive and in-depth research, the inventors have developed for the first time a turbine generator base adapted to hard rock strata. This application addresses engineering geological conditions where the bearing layer is shallow and bedrock. By eliminating the reinforced concrete raft foundation, the supporting columns are directly embedded in the bedrock, using the rock as the natural foundation of the turbine generator base. This significantly shortens the construction period and reduces project costs while ensuring stable equipment operation and structural safety. At the same time, by changing the position of the vibration isolators, effective isolation is achieved near the vibration source, improving vibration isolation efficiency.

[0037] In the following description, many technical details are presented to help the reader better understand this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0038] the term

[0039] Steam turbine generator base: The frame structure that supports the steam turbine and generator.

[0040] As used herein, the terms “top platform” and “top plate” are used interchangeably.

[0041] As used herein, the terms “rock foundation” and “bedrock” are used interchangeably.

[0042] In this invention, all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0043] This application has at least one of the following advantages:

[0044] (a) The turbine generator base of this application eliminates the need for a raft foundation, which significantly shortens the construction period compared to the time required for the construction of a traditional reinforced concrete raft foundation.

[0045] Alternatively, (b) traditional reinforced concrete raft foundations require 1900–2400 m 3The amount of concrete is approximately 200-300 tons, and the amount of steel reinforcement is approximately 200-300 tons. The turbine generator base of this application can significantly reduce the project cost by eliminating the raft foundation. In addition, it also indirectly reduces labor costs and equipment rental costs by shortening the construction period. Optionally, it significantly reduces the amount of building materials used, reduces carbon emissions from construction, mitigates environmental pollution, and is conducive to the promotion of green construction concepts.

[0046] Optionally, (c) the base of this application has outstanding dynamic performance. By optimizing the arrangement of the vibration isolators, the vibration of the equipment is isolated from the top of the base plate. Compared with the traditional vibration isolator arrangement (that is, the vibration isolators are arranged on the top of the support column), the vibration generated by the operation of the equipment can be blocked outside the top plate, that is, the top plate will not be disturbed by the vibration of the equipment, thereby improving the service life of the base and the equipment. Optionally, the rubber vibration isolator has a large internal damping, which can effectively dissipate the energy of the equipment vibration. It has a good isolation effect on high frequency vibration, which is conducive to improving the structural service life and comfort of the base. Moreover, it does not need to be used with a damper, and the cost is low.

[0047] Optionally, (d) the base of this application adopts a steel-concrete composite support column, which has good stability and strong bearing capacity. Through the restraint of the core concrete by the steel pipe, the concrete is in a triaxial compression state, which significantly improves the compressive strength of the concrete. At the same time, the presence of concrete can prevent the buckling of the steel pipe and improve its stability.

[0048] Optionally, (e) the base of this application adopts steel pipe concrete support columns, which is convenient to construct and has a short construction period. Steel pipe concrete columns do not require formwork, steel bar binding and other procedures, and steel pipes can be directly used as pipe support points without the need for pre-embedded steel plates, which simplifies the construction process, shortens the on-site construction time and improves the utilization rate of materials.

[0049] Optionally, (f) traditional reinforced concrete raft foundations are large-volume concrete, and the heat of hydration is a serious problem during the pouring process, which can easily cause cracks and make it difficult to ensure construction quality; the foundation of this application can significantly improve the quality of the project by eliminating the raft foundation and using a rock foundation.

[0050] Optionally, (g) since the cross-sectional dimensions of the support columns of the turbine generator base are generally large, usually between 1.5m and 1.8m, even if the bedrock is buried at a slightly deeper depth, it can generally meet the requirement in the specification that "the ratio of the height of the support column to the short side dimension of the column should not be greater than 14", and has high applicability.

[0051] Alternatively, (h) since the turbine and generator have a large mass, the vertical force plays a dominant role in the design of the foundation, while the horizontal force is relatively small and there is no uplift force. This allows full use of the high bearing capacity of hard bedrock and other bedrock, and there is no need to take complicated anti-uplift measures, making construction convenient.

[0052] Optionally, (i) settlement of the base can affect the alignment accuracy of the turbine and the generator, thereby affecting the normal operation of the equipment. The base of this application can monitor the settlement data of the base in real time by installing a static level. When the settlement exceeds the limit, a warning message is issued in time, which effectively makes up for the lag of the traditional manual inspection method.

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these are merely examples provided to the reader of possible implementations of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0054] This application provides a turbine generator base adapted to hard rock strata. For geological conditions where the bearing stratum is hard rock, with high bearing capacity, good integrity, and shallow burial depth, this utility model eliminates the reinforced concrete raft foundation in traditional base designs. The support columns of the base are directly embedded in the bedrock, using the rock as the natural foundation of the turbine generator base. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 By adjusting the depth at which the support column 3 is embedded in the bedrock, the support column and the bedrock can be well connected and form a whole. The cross-sectional dimensions of the support column 3 and the thickness of the steel pipe can be adjusted to make it have reliable load-bearing capacity.

[0055] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The turbine generator base includes a top plate 1, an intermediate platform 2, support columns 3, a rock foundation 4, and vibration isolators 5. A turbine generator set is mounted on the top plate 1. The lower ends of the support columns 3 are embedded in the rock foundation 4, and the upper ends of the support columns 3 are directly connected to the top plate 1 via a connecting structure. The vibration isolators 5 are located above the top plate 1 at the connection point with the turbine generator set base. Preferably, the intermediate platform 2 is connected to four support columns 3.

[0056] Preferably, the bearing layer of the rock foundation 4 is hard rock, and the support column 3 is inserted into the hard rock, so that the hard rock serves as the bottom foundation bearing layer of the turbine generator base. The hard rock includes, but is not limited to, the following bedrock with high bearing capacity, good integrity and shallow burial depth: unweathered or slightly weathered granite, basalt, quartzite, diorite, andesite, and diabase.

[0057] The support column 3 is directly embedded into the bedrock (or rock foundation 4) to a certain depth, ensuring a reliable connection between the two. Since the turbine and generator have significant masses, there is no pull-out force at the base of the support column 3. Therefore, the connection between the support column 3 and the rock foundation 4 in this application does not require pull-out resistance measures. In one embodiment, the support column 3 is embedded into the rock foundation 4 to a depth of 0.5m-1.5m, thus ensuring a reliable connection between the support column 3 and the rock foundation 4. The distance between the upper surface of the rock foundation 4 and the top plate 1 is 15m-20m.

[0058] In one embodiment, a typical geological profile of the area where the turbine generator base is located in a large power plant construction project is shown below. Figure 6 As shown in borehole No. 59, soil layer ① is silty clay, soil layer ②1 is strongly weathered granite, soil layer ②2 is moderately weathered granite, and soil layer ②3 is slightly weathered granite. According to the survey report, the standard value of the saturated uniaxial compressive strength of slightly weathered granite layer ②3 is 93 MPa, and its bearing capacity characteristic value is 7000 kPa. It belongs to hard rock with good integrity, therefore it is proposed to use it as the foundation bearing layer for the steam turbine generator base. The geological profile shows that at borehole No. 59, the plant level elevation (i.e....) Figure 6 The area 1.65m below the left side (45.86m) consists entirely of slightly weathered granite (No. ②3), with a very shallow bearing layer, making it suitable for the rock foundation scheme of this utility model. The plant level elevation refers to the elevation of the outdoor ground surface of the plant area after its completion. During construction, soil layers higher than the plant level elevation will be manually removed.

[0059] Calculations show that if a traditional reinforced concrete raft foundation is used, with a concrete strength grade of C40, a length of 50.5m, a width of 15.2m, and a thickness of 3.0m, the required concrete volume is 2302.8m. 3 Based on engineering experience, the steel reinforcement content is 120 kg / m. 3 An estimate is approximately 276.3 tons. Taking all factors into consideration, the cost of the reinforced concrete raft foundation is calculated to be approximately 4.2 million yuan. For the traditional construction method, the time for pouring the foundation layer and curing is approximately 30 days, the time for tying the raft foundation reinforcement, formwork erection, concrete pouring and curing, and formwork removal is approximately 55 days, and in addition, excavation and filling processes take approximately 20 days. Therefore, the traditional method takes approximately 105 days. If the rock foundation scheme of this utility model is adopted, the engineering cost of the reinforced concrete raft foundation can be saved, significantly reducing the construction period caused by the construction of the raft foundation. Therefore, the rock foundation scheme has significant advantages in this project.

[0060] This embodiment incorporates vibration isolation design to further optimize vibration control. The position of the vibration isolator is changed; a rubber vibration isolator is installed between the top plate 1 and the turbine generator set base (see...). Figure 2This effectively isolates the vibrations generated by the turbine and generator during operation. Preferably, the rubber vibration isolator is a compression type, a shear type, or a compression-shear type. By changing the position of the rubber vibration isolator, it is installed on the top surface of the top plate 1, isolating the vibration, thus significantly reducing the thickness of the top plate 1. For example, the thickness of the top plate 1 of a traditional non-vibration-isolated base or a spring vibration-isolated base is generally 2.5m-3.0m, while the thickness of the top plate in this application is 1.5m-2.0m, thereby reducing the amount of reinforced concrete used.

[0061] Preferably, by installing a static level on each support column 3, the settlement data is automatically collected and stored using the built-in acquisition box of the level, and then transmitted wirelessly to a background computer to achieve real-time monitoring of the foundation settlement data. Optionally, the foundation settlement data is transmitted to the receiving equipment in the power plant's central control room via wired or wireless transmission, and a warning message is issued in a timely manner when the settlement exceeds the limit.

[0062] In one embodiment, the intermediate platform and top slab 1 of the steam turbine generator can be cast on-site or prefabricated in a factory. The support columns can be steel-concrete composite support columns, see [reference needed]. Figure 4 The steel-concrete composite support column 3 is mainly composed of two parts: an outer steel pipe 9 and concrete 8 filled inside the steel pipe 9. By selecting different types of steel pipes and concrete, it can be made to have load-bearing capacity. By adjusting the wall thickness and size of the steel pipe, the rigidity and dynamic performance of the support column can be changed to meet the normal operation requirements of the equipment. The steel-concrete composite support column 3 is reliably connected with the top plate 1 and the rock foundation 4 to form a whole and work together.

[0063] Preferably, the outer steel pipe 9 can be a seamless steel pipe or a welded steel pipe. Preferably, the outer steel pipe 9 has a circular, square, or rectangular cross-sectional shape. The concrete filled in the steel pipe is generally ordinary concrete or high-strength concrete. A small number of reinforcing bars can be locally installed inside the steel pipe according to actual needs to improve the performance of the supporting column.

[0064] The steel pipes of the concrete-filled steel pipe support column can also serve as support points for pipelines and other facilities, saving a significant amount of angle steel and anchor bars compared to traditional support columns.

[0065] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The diagram shows the connection node between the steel-concrete composite support column 3 and the top slab 1. By reserving radial reinforcing bars at the top of the steel-concrete composite support column 3, it is reliably connected to the top slab 1. Specifically, the steel-concrete composite support column 3 is directly connected to the top slab 1 through a first connection structure: the first connection structure includes multiple vertical connecting reinforcing bars 10, which are embedded in the top concrete of the support column 3 and extend upward to anchor to the top slab 1.

[0066] Preferably, the vertical connecting steel bars 10 are welded to the inner wall of the outer steel pipe of the steel-concrete composite support column 3 and are evenly arranged around its perimeter. The length of the vertical connecting steel bars 10 in the concrete 8 is 1.0m-1.5m, that is, the anchorage length in the concrete is 1.0m-1.5m. Preferably, there are 8 vertical connecting steel bars 10, which are arranged at equal intervals.

[0067] Preferably, the first connecting structure further includes a transversely arranged circumferential connecting steel bar, which surrounds the vertical connecting steel bar 10 for fastening the vertical connecting steel bar 10. More preferably, the steel bars are evenly spaced in the vertical direction, and the number of steel bars is 4.

[0068] By changing the position of the vibration isolator and using a steel-concrete composite support column 3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel-concrete composite support column is 1.5m-1.8m. After the vibration isolator is installed, since very little vibration is transmitted to the support column 3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steel-concrete composite support column is controlled by strength, not vibration (i.e., it is not necessary to use a large-section support column to resist vibration). Since the outer wall of the steel tube in the steel-concrete composite column can withstand high tensile stress, a large amount of steel reinforcement can be saved compared to traditional reinforced concrete columns.

[0069] It should be noted that in this patent application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. In this patent application, if it refers to performing an action according to an element, it means performing the action at least according to that element, including two cases: performing the action only according to that element, and performing the action according to that element and other elements. Expressions such as "multiple," "repeatedly," and "various" include two, two times, two kinds, and more than two, more than two times, and more than two kinds.

[0070] All documents mentioned in this application are considered to be incorporated in their entirety into the disclosure of this application so that they can serve as a basis for modifications if necessary. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the foregoing disclosure of this application, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to this application, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A turbine generator base adapted to hard rock formations, characterized in that, The turbine generator base includes a top plate (1), an intermediate platform (2), a support column (3), a rock foundation (4), and a vibration isolator (5). A turbine generator set is installed on the top plate (1). The lower end of the support column (3) is embedded in the rock foundation (4). The upper end of the support column (3) is directly connected to the top plate (1) through a connecting structure. The vibration isolator (5) is located above the top plate (1) at the connection point with the turbine generator set base.

2. The turbine generator base as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support column (3) is embedded in the rock foundation (4) to a depth of 0.5m-1.5m.

3. The turbine generator base as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing layer of the rock foundation (4) is hard rock, and the lower end of the support column (3) is embedded in the hard rock. The hard rock includes, but is not limited to, the following bedrock with high bearing capacity, good integrity and shallow burial depth: unweathered or slightly weathered granite, basalt, quartzite, diorite, andesite, and diabase.

4. The turbine generator base as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration isolator includes a rubber vibration isolator, which is a compression type rubber vibration isolator, a shear type rubber vibration isolator, or a compression-shear type rubber vibration isolator.

5. The turbine generator base as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate platform is connected to the support column.

6. The turbine generator base as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support column (3) is a steel-concrete composite support column, which includes an outer steel pipe and concrete filled in the outer steel pipe.

7. The turbine generator base as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The external steel pipe is a seamless steel pipe or a welded steel pipe.

8. The turbine generator base as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The connection structure includes multiple vertical connecting steel bars (10) that are vertically arranged and embedded in the concrete at the top of the steel pipe concrete support column. The vertical connecting steel bars extend upward and are anchored in the top plate (1).

9. The turbine generator base as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The vertical connecting steel bars (10) are welded to the inner wall of the outer steel pipe of the steel-concrete composite support column and are evenly arranged around its perimeter. The height of the vertical connecting steel bars in the concrete is 1.0m-1.5m.

10. The turbine generator base as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The connection structure also includes a transversely arranged circumferential connecting steel bar, which surrounds the vertical connecting steel bar (10) for fastening the vertical connecting steel bar (10).

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