A crankshaft structure of an engine which can be forcibly lubricated

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engine crank lubrication, specifically related to a can forced lubrication engine crank structure, the device includes: oil pump, set up in the outside of crank shaft, and the outer wall of crank shaft is set with bearing bush, bearing cap, set up in the outer wall of oil pump, and the inside of bearing cap is provided with oil storage mechanism, wherein the output of oil pump is connected with annular oil chamber in oil storage mechanism to pump oil to annular oil chamber, lubricating mechanism, set up in the inside of crank shaft and is connected with annular oil chamber, wherein the lubricating mechanism is suitable for pumping the oil in annular oil chamber to the between crank shaft and bearing bush in the process of rotating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of engine crankshaft lubrication technology, specifically relating to a structure for forced lubrication of engine crankshaft. Background Technology

[0002] Single-cylinder engines, as a simple and inexpensive power unit, are widely used in generators, water pumps, agricultural machinery, and small general-purpose equipment. The crankshaft, as the core moving component of the engine, directly determines the engine's reliability, efficiency, and service life through the lubrication between it and the bearings. During engine operation, the crankshaft rotates at high speed, and the bearings, as supporting components, bear enormous alternating loads. Therefore, forming a stable and continuous lubricating oil film between the crankshaft and the bearings is crucial. This effectively avoids dry friction between the two, preventing abnormal wear and erosion.

[0003] Currently, many single-cylinder engines on the market use an intermittent splash lubrication method to lubricate the crankshaft bearings. Specifically, this technology involves creating specific oil passages or holes inside the crankshaft. When the engine is running, an oil pump system injects oil into these holes on the crankshaft at regular intervals or at a constant pressure. Because the crankshaft is rotating at high speed, when the oil hole aligns with the pump inlet, oil is injected into the hole. Subsequently, under the centrifugal force of the continuing crankshaft rotation, the oil is flung out of the hole and splashes onto the inner surface of the bearing, thus lubricating the friction pair.

[0004] However, the existing lubrication methods described above have significant drawbacks. Their lubrication behavior is periodic and intermittent, with oil injection only occurring at a specific angle when the crankshaft rotates to the appropriate position, i.e., when the oil hole aligns with the pump port. This fails to provide a continuous and uninterrupted oil supply to the bearings, making it difficult to form a uniform and sufficiently load-bearing lubricating film between the bearings and the crankshaft under high-speed, high-load conditions. This unstable lubrication state easily leads to poor lubrication, and over time, can cause abnormal bearing wear, excessively high temperatures, and even severe "bearing seizure" or "locking up," resulting in major engine malfunctions and severely impacting engine performance and lifespan.

[0005] Therefore, a forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure is designed to solve the problem that in the existing technology, when the crankshaft is under high speed and high load conditions, the intermittent oil supply between the crankshaft and the bearing is insufficient to meet the lubrication needs of the two, which will lead to abnormal wear and excessive temperature of the bearing under long-term operation, and eventually cause "bearing seizure" or "locking up".

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute prior art information. Utility Model Content

[0007] This disclosure provides at least one forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure.

[0008] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a crankshaft structure capable of forced lubrication of an engine, comprising: An oil pump is located on the outside of the crankshaft, and a bearing shell is fitted on the outer wall of the crankshaft; A bearing cover is fitted onto the outer wall of the oil pump, and an oil reservoir is provided inside the bearing cover; wherein... The output end of the oil pump is connected to the annular oil chamber in the oil storage mechanism to pump oil into the annular oil chamber. The lubrication mechanism is located inside the crankshaft and connected to the annular oil chamber; wherein The lubrication mechanism is adapted to pump oil from the annular oil chamber to the space between the crankshaft and the bearing during crankshaft rotation.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the output end of the oil pump is connected to an oil pipe, and an adapter is provided on the oil pipe; One end of the adapter is inserted into an adapter tube, and one end of the adapter tube is provided with a ball joint; wherein The ball joint is connected to the bearing cap to pump oil into the interior of the bearing cap.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the bearing cover has an oil inlet channel inside, and a pipe connection bolt is provided on the outer wall of the bearing cover; wherein The outer wall of the pipe fitting bolt has a through hole; and The pipe bolt passes through the spherical joint and is connected to the oil inlet channel.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the oil storage mechanism includes: A transition bearing bush is disposed between the inner wall of the bearing cap and the crankshaft; wherein A connecting channel is provided on the outer wall of the bearing bush, and the top end of the connecting channel communicates with the bottom end of the oil inlet channel; and The inner wall of the bearing bush has an annular channel, which forms an annular oil cavity after the bearing bush is fitted onto the outer wall of the crankshaft.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the crankshaft has an inclined and interconnected first oil passage and a second oil passage inside; wherein The top end of the first oil passage is connected to the annular oil cavity.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the lubrication mechanism includes: A lubricating oil chamber is formed inside the crankshaft, and a pumping oil passage is provided at the top of the lubricating oil chamber; wherein The top of the oil pump channel abuts against the inner wall of the bearing bush.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the lubricating oil cavity is in communication with the second oil passage.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, a bearing is disposed between the bearing cap and the crankshaft; wherein The bottom end of the second oil passage penetrates the outer wall of the crankshaft and abuts against the inner wall of the bearing.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the engine crankshaft lubrication device further includes: An oil seal is disposed on the outer wall of the crankshaft and located on one side of the transition bearing.

[0017] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that, by directly setting the lubrication mechanism inside the crankshaft and using the bearing cover as a transfer point, during normal engine operation, the oil pump pumps oil toward the annular oil chamber inside the bearing cover. As the crankshaft rotates continuously, the oil in the annular oil chamber continuously enters the lubrication mechanism inside the crankshaft, and is finally guided by the lubrication mechanism to lubricate the outer wall of the crankshaft and the inner wall of the bearing bush.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 An overall perspective view provided for an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] In the picture: 1. Crankshaft; 10. Oil pump; 12. Oil pipe; 13. Adapter; 14. Adapter tube; 140. Ball joint; 15. First oil passage; 16. Second oil passage; 17. Bearing; 2. Bearing cap; 20. Pipe connection bolt; 200. Through hole; 21. Oil inlet channel; 22. Oil seal; 3. Oil storage mechanism; 30. Connecting channel; 31. Annular oil cavity; 32. Bearing shell 4. Lubrication mechanism; 40. Lubricating oil chamber; 41. Pump oil passage; 5. Bearing bushes. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0024] In this document, when it is mentioned that a first component is located on a second component, this can mean that the first component can be directly formed on the second component, or that a third component can be inserted between the first and second components. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the thickness of the components may be exaggerated or reduced for the purpose of effectively describing the technical content.

[0025] In this document, when an element or layer is referred to as “located,” “joined to,” “connected to,” “attached to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly located, joined, connected, attached to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on another element or layer,” “directly joined to,” “directly connected to,” “directly attached to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0026] In this document, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as “at least one of…” modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than individual elements in the list. For example, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.

[0027] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific exemplary configurations only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular articles “a,” “an,” and “the” may also be intended to include plural forms unless otherwise clearly stated herein. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as such. Additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0028] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” etc., generally refer to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase can be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in more than one embodiment of this disclosure, such that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., are used to “serve as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. Rather, the use of the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., is intended to present concepts in a specific manner.

[0029] Research has revealed that current lubrication technology for the bearing bush and crankshaft is cyclical and intermittent. Oil is only injected at a specific angle when the crankshaft rotates to the appropriate position, i.e., when the oil hole aligns with the oil pump port. This fails to provide a continuous and uninterrupted oil supply to the bearing bush, making it difficult to form a uniform and sufficiently load-bearing lubricating film between the bearing bush and crankshaft under high-speed, high-load conditions. This unstable lubrication state easily leads to poor lubrication, which, over time, can cause abnormal bearing wear, excessive temperature, and even severe "bearing seizure" or "locking up," resulting in major engine malfunctions and severely impacting engine performance and lifespan.

[0030] Based on the above research, this disclosure provides a crankshaft structure for forced lubrication of an engine. By directly setting the lubrication mechanism and the oil reservoir mechanism inside the crankshaft, and using a stationary bearing cover as an intermediary, during normal engine operation, the oil pump pumps oil toward the annular oil chamber inside the bearing cover. As the crankshaft rotates continuously, the oil in the annular oil chamber continuously enters the lubrication mechanism inside the crankshaft, and is finally guided by the lubrication mechanism between the outer wall of the crankshaft and the inner wall of the bearing bush to lubricate them.

[0031] The shortcomings of the above solutions are the result of the inventor's practical experience and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed in this disclosure should be considered as the inventor's contribution to this disclosure.

[0032] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0033] The following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes some embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the single-cylinder engine starts, the oil pump 10 starts working simultaneously. As the power source of the system, the oil pump 10 is responsible for pressurizing the lubricating oil and pumping it into the oil pipe 12. The pressurized lubricating oil first enters the oil pipe 12, which is connected to the output end of the oil pump 10. The oil pipe 12, as a rigid or flexible conduit, must possess high-temperature and pressure resistance characteristics to withstand the vibration and thermal loads in the engine environment. An adapter 13 is provided on the oil pipe 12. This adapter 13 serves as a connection and direction switch, allowing the oil flow direction to change to adapt to the spatial layout. One end of the adapter 13 is connected to the adapter pipe 14 via a plug-in connection. This plug-in design facilitates installation and maintenance while ensuring a tight seal to prevent oil leakage. The other end of the adapter pipe 14 is provided with a ball joint 140. The pipe connection bolt 20 passes through the ball joint 140 and is fixedly connected to the bearing cap 2. Lubricating oil flows in from inside the ball joint 140, passes through the through hole 200 opened on the outer wall of the pipe connection bolt 20, and then enters the oil inlet channel 21 opened inside the bearing cap 2, which communicates with the bottom end of the pipe connection bolt 20. The bearing cover 2 is equipped with an oil storage mechanism 3, the core of which is an annular oil cavity 31. The formation of the annular oil cavity 31 depends on the design of the transition bearing shell 32. The transition bearing shell 32 is fitted between the outer wall of the crankshaft 1 and the bearing cover 2. A connecting channel 30 is opened on the outer wall of the transition bearing shell 32. The top end of the channel is connected to the bottom end of the oil inlet channel 21, ensuring that the engine oil can flow smoothly from the bearing cover 2 into the transition bearing shell 32. At the same time, an annular channel is machined on the inner wall of the transition bearing shell 32. When the transition bearing shell 32 is fitted onto the outer wall of the crankshaft 1, the annular channel combines with the outer surface of the crankshaft 1 to form the annular oil cavity 31. The annular oil cavity 31 serves as a temporary oil storage space, capable of storing a certain amount of engine oil and providing a continuous oil source when the crankshaft rotates.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, after the engine oil enters the transition bearing 32, it first fills the connecting channel 30 and then flows into the annular oil chamber 31. Since the annular oil chamber 31 surrounds the crankshaft 1, the sealing of the annular oil chamber 31 is ensured by the precise fit between the transition bearing 32 and the crankshaft 1. If necessary, a sealing ring can be added to prevent leakage. The crankshaft 1 is provided with a first oil passage 15 and a second oil passage 16. The top end of the first oil passage 15 is connected to the annular oil chamber 31. Therefore, as the crankshaft 1 rotates, the oil in the annular oil chamber 31 continuously enters the first oil passage 15 under the action of centrifugal force and pressure difference. The first oil passage 15 and the second oil passage 16 are inclined and connected to each other. This V-shaped or inclined layout optimizes the oil flow path and reduces the flow dead zone. After the engine oil enters the second oil passage 16, the distribution process is divided into two paths to achieve multi-target lubrication. One portion of the oil flows out from the bottom of the second oil passage 16 and directly reaches the inner wall of the bearing 17, located between the bearing cap 2 and the crankshaft 1. The continuous supply of oil forms a lubricating film between the inner wall of the bearing 17 and the outer wall of the crankshaft 1, effectively reducing the coefficient of friction and lowering wear and temperature rise. The other portion of the oil flows from the top of the second oil passage 16 to the interior of the lubrication chamber 40, which is located inside the crankshaft 1, serving as the final lubrication stage. The oil storage point of the section; the oil pumping channel 41 is opened at the top of the lubricating oil chamber 40, and its outlet abuts against the inner wall of the bearing 5. The bearing 5 is fixed to the outer wall of the crankshaft 1. As the crankshaft 1 rotates continuously, the oil in the lubricating oil chamber 40 is pumped under the action of centrifugal force. Specifically, when the crankshaft 1 rotates, the centrifugal force pushes the oil in the lubricating oil chamber 40 towards the inlet of the oil pumping channel 41. After the oil flows out from the oil pumping channel 41, it directly reaches the space between the outer wall of the crankshaft 1 and the inner wall of the bearing 5, forming a uniform and continuous lubricating oil film to prevent dry friction and local overheating.

[0036] In summary, this continuous lubrication mechanism stands in stark contrast to the intermittent splash lubrication in existing technologies. In intermittent systems, lubrication only occurs at a specific angle of the crankshaft, and the oil film is prone to breakage. However, this device achieves full-cycle lubrication through the cooperation of the annular oil chamber 31 and the internal oil passage of the crankshaft 1. Whether in start-up, low-speed, or high-speed conditions, the engine oil can be stably supplied, significantly reducing the wear risk of the bearing 5.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence unless expressly indicated herein. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed above may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment.

[0039] Spatially relative terms, such as “inside,” “outside,” “below,” “below,” “down,” “above,” “up,” etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature illustrated in the figures. In addition to the orientations depicted in the figures, spatially relative terms may be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” other elements or features would be oriented as “above” other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0040] In the above discussion, unless otherwise stated, when used to describe numerical values, the terms “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc., indicate a change of + / - 10% in that value.

[0041] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A crankshaft structure for forced lubrication of an engine, characterized in that, include: An oil pump (10) is located on the outside of the crankshaft (1), and a bearing (5) is sleeved on the outer wall of the crankshaft (1). A bearing cover (2) is fitted onto the outer wall of the oil pump (10), and an oil storage mechanism (3) is provided inside the bearing cover (2); wherein The output end of the oil pump (10) is connected to the annular oil chamber (31) in the oil storage mechanism (3) to pump oil into the annular oil chamber (31); The lubrication mechanism (4) is located inside the crankshaft (1) and connected to the annular oil chamber (31); wherein The lubrication mechanism (4) is adapted to pump oil from the annular oil chamber (31) to the space between the crankshaft (1) and the bearing (5) during crankshaft (1) rotation.

2. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the oil pump (10) is connected to an oil pipe (12), and an adapter (13) is provided on the oil pipe (12). One end of the adapter (13) is connected to an adapter tube (14), and one end of the adapter tube (14) is provided with a ball joint (140); wherein The ball joint (140) is connected to the bearing cap (2) to pump oil into the interior of the bearing cap (2).

3. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bearing cover (2) has an oil inlet channel (21) inside, and a pipe connection bolt (20) is provided on the outer wall of the bearing cover (2); wherein A through hole (200) is provided on the outer wall of the pipe bolt (20); and The pipe bolt (20) passes through the ball joint (140) and is connected to the oil inlet channel (21).

4. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The oil storage mechanism (3) includes: A transition bearing bush (32) is disposed between the inner wall of the bearing cap (2) and the crankshaft (1); wherein A connecting channel (30) is provided on the outer wall of the transition bearing (32), and the top end of the connecting channel (30) is connected to the bottom end of the oil inlet channel (21); and The inner wall of the transition bearing (32) has an annular channel, which forms an annular oil cavity (31) after the transition bearing (32) is fitted onto the outer wall of the crankshaft (1).

5. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The crankshaft (1) has an inclined and interconnected first oil passage (15) and second oil passage (16) inside; wherein The top end of the first oil passage (15) is connected to the annular oil cavity (31).

6. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The lubrication mechanism (4) includes: A lubricating oil chamber (40) is formed inside the crankshaft (1), and a pumping oil passage (41) is formed at the top of the lubricating oil chamber (40); wherein The top of the oil pump channel (41) abuts against the inner wall of the bearing (5).

7. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The lubricating oil cavity (40) is connected to the second oil passage (16).

8. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A bearing (17) is provided between the bearing cover (2) and the crankshaft (1); wherein The bottom end of the second oil passage (16) penetrates the outer wall of the crankshaft (1) and abuts against the inner wall of the bearing (17).

9. The forced lubrication engine crankshaft structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes An oil seal (22) is disposed on the outer wall of the crankshaft (1) and located on one side of the transition bearing (32).

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