Multi-cylinder engine cylinder gasket

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engine sealing component, multi -cylinder engine cylinder gasket, including cylinder gasket body and self -adaptation sealing unit, assemble, will cylinder gasket through positioning pin and engine cylinder body accurate alignment, arc elastic metal sheet is subjected to cylinder cover pressure and produces trace deformation, high temperature resistance elastic filling layer is pressed simultaneously, and forms initial sealing with sealing surface. When the engine works, the trace deformation of the beam area caused by the difference of each cylinder working condition will be responded instantly by the elastic characteristic of the arc elastic metal sheet, and the gap filling of the high temperature resistance elastic filling layer forms double sealing compensation; the embedded reset spring is compressed and rebounds synchronously, and the elastic response ability is enhanced. At the same time, the self -repairing silicon rubber base filling layer can repair local small damage independently, maintain sealing integrity, and the lower sealing layer, the intermediate support layer and the upper sealing layer of multilayer composite cooperate with the cylinder port sealing rib, guarantee the sealing reliability of cylinder hole, cooling liquid hole and oil hole, and adapt to long -term complex working condition of engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of engine sealing components, specifically the cylinder head gasket for multi-cylinder engines. Background Technology

[0002] The cylinder head gasket for multi-cylinder engines is a core sealing component installed between the engine block and cylinder head. Its core function is to seal the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases in the combustion chamber, while also separating fluids such as coolant from the engine cooling system and oil from the lubrication system, preventing cross-contamination or leakage between different media. This component is widely used in various equipment equipped with multi-cylinder engines, including automobiles, construction machinery, and marine power systems. It directly affects the engine's power output stability, energy efficiency, and operational safety, and is of great significance for ensuring long-term reliable engine operation, reducing the failure rate, and extending equipment lifespan.

[0003] During the operation of a multi-cylinder engine, the combustion rhythm and load distribution of each cylinder naturally differ, resulting in a constantly changing temperature and pressure distribution in the inter-cylinder crossbeam area. The cylinder block and cylinder head also experience slight deformation due to thermal expansion and contraction. Existing multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gaskets mostly employ an integral design, with inter-cylinder sealing relying primarily on fixed-shape sealing ribs or a single type of elastic material. This type of structure has limited dynamic adaptability to changing operating conditions and struggles to accurately compensate for fluctuations in the sealing clearance caused by cylinder block and cylinder head deformation. Furthermore, the cylinder head gasket operates under complex environments of high temperature, high pressure, vibration, and chemical corrosion, making the sealing filler layer prone to aging, wear, and elasticity loss, gradually reducing its reset performance and affecting the continuity of the seal. In some designs, the connection method between the sealing element and the cylinder head gasket body lacks specific design, potentially leading to loosening after prolonged use and further increasing the risk of seal failure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a cylinder head gasket for a multi-cylinder engine to solve the problem of unstable dynamic sealing in the inter-cylinder crossbeam area of ​​a multi-cylinder engine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gasket, characterized in that it includes a cylinder head gasket body and an adaptive sealing unit. The cylinder head gasket body is a multi-layer metal composite structure, including a lower sealing layer, an intermediate support layer, and an upper sealing layer. The cylinder head gasket body has several cylinder holes arranged in a straight line. Cylinder hole sealing ribs are arranged around the outer periphery of the cylinder holes. The cylinder head gasket body also has several bolt holes, coolant holes, and oil holes. An independent inter-cylinder adaptive sealing unit is provided in the crossbeam area between two adjacent cylinder holes. The adaptive sealing unit includes an arc-shaped elastic metal sheet and a high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer. The two ends of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet are fixedly connected to the intermediate support layer of the cylinder head gasket body, and the middle part has an upwardly convex arc structure. The high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer fills the space between the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet and the intermediate support layer of the cylinder head gasket body, and the upper surface of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer is in contact with the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet. The adaptive sealing unit penetrates the upper sealing layer of the cylinder head gasket body and forms a stable connection with the intermediate support layer.

[0006] Optionally, the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet is made of heat-resistant spring steel, with a protrusion height of 0.2-0.5 mm and a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0007] Optionally, the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet are fixed by laser welding or riveting, and the fixing points at both ends are located on the outside of the cylinder sealing rib.

[0008] Optionally, a return spring is embedded in the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer. The return spring is located between the contact surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet and the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer, and is completely embedded inside the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer. The upper end of the return spring abuts against the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet, and the lower end is fixed to the interior of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer.

[0009] Optionally, the reset spring is a cylindrical compression spring, evenly distributed along the length of the high-temperature resistant elastic filler layer, with a spacing of 5-8 mm between two adjacent reset springs, a wire diameter of 0.1-0.2 mm, a free height of 0.2-0.5 mm, and a working stroke adapted to the protrusion deformation of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet.

[0010] Optionally, the high-temperature resistant elastic filler layer is a self-healing silicone rubber-based filler layer, made of self-healing silicone rubber material with intermolecular cross-linking repair capabilities, which can autonomously repair the sealing gap when subjected to minor damage such as local wear and micro-cracks.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The adaptive sealing unit independently set between cylinders in this invention, combined with the raised structure of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet and the fit of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer, can accurately match the working conditions of the crossbeam area between adjacent cylinder bores. The elastic properties of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet itself can respond instantly to the slight deformation of the cylinder body and cylinder head, and achieve preliminary sealing compensation through its own deformation. Meanwhile, the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer can fully fill the gap of the sealing surface, forming a double sealing support, which effectively improves the adaptability of the crossbeam area seal to dynamic working conditions. The return spring embedded in the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer of this invention, together with the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet, forms a synergistic elastic mechanism. The compression and rebound properties of the return spring further enhance the overall elastic compensation capability of the sealing unit, ensuring that the sealing unit can always maintain effective contact with the sealing surface under different engine loads and temperatures, reducing the impact of operating condition fluctuations on the sealing effect, and improving the stability of the sealing performance. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the beam area of ​​the overall structure of this utility model; In the picture: 1. Adaptive sealing unit; 2. Lower sealing layer; 3. Intermediate support layer; 4. Upper sealing layer; 5. Cylinder bore; 6. Sealing rib; 7. Bolt hole; 8. Coolant hole; 9. Oil hole; 10. Arc-shaped elastic metal sheet; 11. High-temperature resistant elastic filling layer; 12. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0014] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, this utility model provides a cylinder head gasket for a multi-cylinder engine, characterized in that it includes a cylinder head gasket body and an adaptive sealing unit 1. The cylinder head gasket body is a multi-layer metal composite structure, including a lower sealing layer 2, a middle support layer 3, and an upper sealing layer 4. The cylinder head gasket body has several cylinder holes 5 arranged in a straight line. Cylinder port sealing ribs 6 are arranged around the outer periphery of each cylinder hole 5. The cylinder head gasket body also has several bolt holes 7, coolant holes 8, and oil holes 9. An independent inter-cylinder adaptive sealing unit 1 is provided in the crossbeam area between two adjacent cylinder holes 5. The adaptive sealing unit 1 includes an arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 and a high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11. The two ends of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 are fixedly connected to the intermediate support layer 3 of the cylinder head gasket body, and the middle part has an upwardly convex arc-shaped structure. The high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11 fills the space between the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 and the intermediate support layer 3 of the cylinder head gasket body, and the upper surface of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11 is in contact with the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10. The adaptive sealing unit 1 penetrates the upper sealing layer 4 of the cylinder head gasket body and forms a stable connection with the intermediate support layer 3.

[0015] Specifically, the independently configured adaptive sealing unit 1 between cylinders, combined with the raised structure of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 and the fit of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11, can precisely match the working conditions of the crossbeam area between adjacent cylinder bores 5. The inherent elasticity of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 can instantly respond to the slight deformation of the cylinder body and cylinder head, achieving initial sealing compensation through its own deformation. Meanwhile, the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11 can fully fill the gap between the sealing surfaces, forming a double sealing support, effectively improving the adaptability of the crossbeam area seal to dynamic working conditions.

[0016] The arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 is made of heat-resistant spring steel, with a protrusion height of 0.2-0.5 mm and a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0017] Specifically, the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 is made of 60Si2Mn heat-resistant spring steel, with a length that matches the width of the beam area and straight connecting sections at both ends; it is fixed to the intermediate support layer 3 by laser welding, with the welding point located outside the cylinder mouth sealing rib 6, and the welding depth penetrating the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet and fusing with the intermediate support layer. High-temperature resistant elastic filler layer 11: It is made of self-healing silicone rubber material with added disulfide bonds. The whole is in the shape of an arc-shaped strip that fits the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet. It is fixed to the surface of the beam area of ​​the intermediate support layer 3 by molding process. The upper surface is tightly fitted to the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10, and the lower surface is completely bonded to the intermediate support layer 3.

[0018] The two ends of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 are fixed by laser welding or riveting, and the fixing points at both ends are located on the outside of the cylinder sealing rib 6.

[0019] A reset spring 12 is embedded in the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11. The reset spring 12 is located between the contact surfaces of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 and the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11, and is completely embedded inside the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11. The upper end of the reset spring 12 abuts against the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10, and the lower end is fixed to the interior of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11.

[0020] The reset spring 12 is a cylindrical compression spring, evenly distributed along the length of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11. The distance between two adjacent reset springs 12 is 5-8mm. The diameter of the steel wire of the reset spring 12 is 0.1-0.2mm, the free height is 0.2-0.5mm, and the working stroke is adapted to the protrusion deformation of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10.

[0021] Specifically, the return spring 12 embedded in the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11, together with the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10, forms a synergistic elastic mechanism. The compression and rebound properties of the return spring 12 can further enhance the overall elastic compensation capability of the sealing unit, ensuring that the sealing unit can always maintain effective contact with the sealing surface under different engine loads and temperatures, reducing the impact of operating condition fluctuations on the sealing effect, and improving the stability of sealing performance.

[0022] The high-temperature resistant elastic filler layer 11 is a self-healing silicone rubber-based filler layer, made of self-healing silicone rubber material with intermolecular cross-linking repair capability, which can autonomously repair the sealing gap when subjected to minor damage such as local wear and micro-cracks.

[0023] Specifically, the intermolecular cross-linking repair capability of the self-healing silicone rubber-based filler layer can autonomously repair minor damage such as local wear and micro-cracks that occur during use, maintain the structural integrity and sealing performance of the filler layer, avoid the decline in sealing effect due to long-term accumulation of minor damage, and extend the overall service life of the cylinder head gasket.

[0024] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: During assembly, the cylinder head gasket is precisely aligned with the engine block using locating pins. After the bolts are tightened through the bolt holes 7, the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10 undergoes slight deformation under the pressure of the cylinder head, and the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11 is simultaneously compressed, forming an initial seal with the sealing surface. When the engine is running, the slight deformation in the crossbeam area caused by the difference in operating conditions of each cylinder will be responded to instantly by the elastic characteristics of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet 10, which, together with the gap filling of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer 11, forms a double seal compensation. The embedded return spring 12 is compressed and rebounded synchronously with the deformation of the metal sheet, enhancing the elastic response capability. At the same time, the self-healing silicone rubber-based filling layer 11 can autonomously repair local minor damage and maintain the integrity of the seal. The multi-layer composite lower sealing layer 2, intermediate support layer 3, upper sealing layer 4, and cylinder bore sealing rib 6 work together to ensure the sealing reliability of the cylinder bore 5, coolant hole 8, and oil hole 9, adapting to the long-term complex operating conditions of the engine.

[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cylinder head gasket for a multi-cylinder engine, characterized in that, The cylinder head gasket includes a cylinder head gasket body and an adaptive sealing unit (1). The cylinder head gasket body is a multi-layer metal composite structure, including a lower sealing layer (2), a middle support layer (3), and an upper sealing layer (4). The cylinder head gasket body has several cylinder holes (5) arranged in a straight line. Cylinder hole sealing ribs (6) are arranged around the outer periphery of the cylinder holes (5). The cylinder head gasket body also has several bolt holes (7), coolant holes (8), and oil holes (9). An independent inter-cylinder adaptive sealing unit (1) is provided in the crossbeam area between two adjacent cylinder holes (5). The adaptive sealing unit (1) includes an arc The cylinder head gasket has an arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10) and a high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11). The two ends of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10) are fixedly connected to the middle support layer (3) of the cylinder head gasket body, and the middle part has an upward convex arc structure. The high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11) fills the space between the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10) and the middle support layer (3) of the cylinder head gasket body, and the upper surface of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11) is in contact with the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10). The adaptive sealing unit (1) penetrates the upper sealing layer (4) of the cylinder head gasket body and forms a stable connection with the middle support layer (3).

2. The multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10) is made of heat-resistant spring steel, with a protrusion height of 0.2-0.5 mm and a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

3. The multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10) are fixed by laser welding or riveting, and the fixing points at both ends are located outside the cylinder sealing rib (6).

4. The multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gasket according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reset spring (12) is embedded in the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11). The reset spring (12) is located between the contact surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10) and the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11), and is completely embedded inside the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11). The upper end of the reset spring (12) abuts against the lower surface of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10), and the lower end is fixed to the inside of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11).

5. The multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gasket according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reset spring (12) is a cylindrical compression spring, which is evenly distributed along the length of the high-temperature resistant elastic filling layer (11). The distance between two adjacent reset springs (12) is 5-8mm. The diameter of the steel wire of the reset spring (12) is 0.1-0.2mm, the free height is 0.2-0.5mm, and the working stroke is adapted to the protrusion deformation of the arc-shaped elastic metal sheet (10).

6. The multi-cylinder engine cylinder head gasket according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant elastic filler layer (11) is a self-healing silicone rubber-based filler layer, made of self-healing silicone rubber material with intermolecular cross-linking repair capability, which can automatically repair the sealing gap when subjected to minor damage such as local wear and micro-cracks.

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