Speed reducer having multiple cooling jackets
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202620026085.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2036-01-09
AI Technical Summary
风冷冷却效果有限，在减速机发热量大时，无法及时降温，易使减速机过热损坏
在减速机中设置内部有第一冷水腔的冷水套，且第一进口与第一出口分别位于冷水套相对两侧，能使冷水充分流经第一冷水腔带走热量；环形板与冷水套一体成型并套设在减速机太阳轮轴外周，其端壁凹槽与密封板形成密封的第二冷水腔，配合相邻设置且被隔板隔断的第二进口和第二出口，可让冷水在第二冷水腔内循环流动，进一步增强冷却效果；冷水套上的通油通道能连通环形板两侧的油路，保证润滑油正常流通，避免因油温过高影响减速机性能，同时可将使用过的润滑油及时排出和补充新油，维持润滑油的良好状态。且通油通道设于第二冷水腔的外侧，进一步提高了冷却效果。
Smart Images
Figure CN224919766U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical cooling technology, and in particular to a speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of mechanical transmission, speed reducers are widely used and essential equipment, capable of reducing speed and increasing torque to meet the needs of various working scenarios. With the development of industrial technology, their application scope continues to expand, from ordinary mechanical equipment to high-precision industrial production lines, and even to specialized fields such as tunnel boring machines (TBMs). Speed reducer performance directly affects the operating efficiency and stability of equipment. In TBMs, the performance of the cutterhead drive speed reducer affects the progress and quality of the tunnel boring operation. Therefore, improving and optimizing speed reducer performance and solving its heat generation and cooling problems are crucial for ensuring normal operation and extending its service life.
[0003] Previously, to reduce the operating heat of speed reducers and improve efficiency and lifespan, air cooling and single-layer water jacket cooling were commonly used. Air cooling uses a fan to accelerate airflow over the speed reducer surface to remove heat; it is simple in structure, low in cost, and suitable for speed reducers with low heat generation. Single-layer water jacket cooling has a radial cooling water chamber outside the speed reducer, where cold water circulates to absorb heat. The cooling water jacket has a first inlet and a first outlet; cold water flows in, exchanges heat in the first cooling water chamber, and then flows out. The cooling effect can meet the cooling requirements of speed reducers with moderate heat generation (see reference). Figure 1 ).
[0004] However, existing cooling methods have drawbacks. Air cooling has limited effectiveness; when the reducer generates a lot of heat, it cannot cool down in time, easily causing overheating and damage. In the cutterhead drive reducer (planetary reducer) of tunnel boring machines, the original cooling water jacket only provides radial cooling. This single-source cooling method cannot meet the actual cooling requirements, and due to size and space limitations, the volume cannot be increased to improve the cooling effect, affecting the overall performance and lifespan of the reducer and limiting its application range. Utility Model Content
[0005] To improve the cooling effect of the cutterhead drive reducer of tunnel boring machine, this utility model provides a reducer with multiple cooling water jackets.
[0006] The present invention provides a speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets, which adopts the following technical solution: A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets includes a cooling water jacket with a first cooling water chamber inside. The cooling water jacket has a first inlet and a first outlet communicating with the first cooling water chamber, and the first inlet and the first outlet are located on opposite sides of the cooling water jacket. It also includes an annular plate and a sealing plate. The annular plate is disposed inside the speed reducer and integrally formed with the cooling water jacket. The annular plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the speed reducer's sun gear shaft. An annular groove is formed on the end wall of the annular plate. The sealing plate is fixedly connected to the annular plate, so that the groove forms a sealed second cooling water chamber. The cooling water jacket has a second inlet and a second outlet, both of which communicate with the second cooling water chamber. The second inlet and the second outlet are arranged adjacent to each other and separated by a partition plate, which is fixedly connected to the annular plate. An oil passage is provided on the cooling water jacket, which is used to connect the oil passages on both sides of the annular plate.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a cooling water jacket with a first cooling water chamber is installed in the reducer, with the first inlet and first outlet located on opposite sides of the cooling water jacket, allowing cold water to flow fully through the first cooling water chamber and carry away heat. An annular plate is integrally formed with the cooling water jacket and fitted around the outer circumference of the reducer's sun gear shaft. Its end wall groove and sealing plate form a sealed second cooling water chamber. Combined with the adjacent second inlet and second outlet, separated by a partition, cold water can circulate within the second cooling water chamber, further enhancing the cooling effect. The oil passage on the cooling water jacket connects the oil passages on both sides of the annular plate, ensuring normal lubricating oil flow and preventing excessive oil temperature from affecting the reducer's performance. It also allows for timely drainage of used lubricating oil and replenishment of new oil, maintaining the lubricating oil in good condition. Furthermore, the oil passage is located on the outside of the second cooling water chamber, further improving the cooling effect.
[0008] Preferably, the second cold water chamber is provided with a first guide plate and a second guide plate. The first guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate and has a gap with the outer inner wall of the annular plate. The second guide plate is fixedly connected to the outer inner wall of the annular plate and has a gap with the inner inner wall of the annular plate. The first guide plate and the second guide plate are staggered.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first and second guide plates are set in an alternating manner, and each has gaps with the inner and outer walls of the annular plate. This can change the flow direction and path of the cooling water in the second cold water chamber, enhance the turbulence effect of the cooling water, and improve the cooling efficiency. Combined with the first cold water chamber of the cold water jacket, the second cold water chamber formed by the annular plate and the sealing plate, and the oil passage, multiple cooling of the reducer and oil circuit connection can be achieved.
[0010] Preferably, the first guide plate is provided with a transition section and an expansion section. The expansion section is connected to the outer inner wall of the annular plate, and the transition section is connected to the expansion section. This is used to smoothly transition one end of the first guide plate away from the outer inner wall of the annular plate to the expansion section. The expansion section is provided with a threaded hole, and a fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The fixing bolt passes through the sealing plate.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the transition section allows the end of the first guide plate away from the outer inner wall of the annular plate to smoothly transition to the expansion section, reducing water flow impact and energy loss, and improving water flow stability; the expansion section has threaded holes and is connected to the sealing plate by fixing bolts, which can enhance the connection stability between the first guide plate and the sealing plate and ensure the structural reliability of the second cold water chamber.
[0012] Preferably, all corners of the first guide plate and the second guide plate, including the corners of their own contours and the connection points with the annular plate, adopt a curved transition.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the resistance of cooling water flowing in the second cold water chamber is reduced, the occurrence of backflow vortex is reduced, energy loss is reduced, the cooling water flows more smoothly, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
[0014] Preferably, the number of the first guide plate and the second guide plate is the same, both being 7 to 9.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, having too many first and second guide plates will result in a slow water flow rate, while having too few will result in a too fast water flow rate; both situations will reduce the cooling effect. With the cooperation of 7 to 9 first and second guide plates, a more reasonable flow can be formed for the cooling water in the second cold water chamber, making the cooling water flow uniform and stable, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and cooling effect of the reducer.
[0016] Preferably, the sealing plate is located on the side of the annular plate away from the sun gear, and a heat exchange plate is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate closer to the sun gear.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing plate is placed on the side of the annular plate away from the sun gear, which avoids the heat of the sun gear from affecting the sealing plate and improves the sealing effect; a heat exchange plate is set on the side of the annular plate close to the sun gear, which can effectively absorb the heat generated by the sun gear and enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the reducer.
[0018] Preferably, multiple heat exchange plates are provided and are evenly distributed along the edge of the annular plate.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple heat exchange plates are evenly distributed along the edge of the annular plate, which can make the heat distribution inside the reducer more uniform and improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency and effect.
[0020] Preferably, the depth of the groove is 41 mm, and the flow rate of the second cold water chamber is not less than 15 L / min.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a groove with a specific depth is set so that the second cold water chamber has a suitable space to accommodate the cooling water; setting the flow rate of the second cold water chamber to be no less than a certain value can enhance the cooling effect and ensure the stable operation of the reducer.
[0022] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: A cooling water jacket with a first cooling water chamber is installed in the reducer, with the first inlet and first outlet located on opposite sides of the cooling water jacket, allowing cold water to flow fully through the first cooling water chamber and carry away heat. An annular plate is integrally formed with the cooling water jacket and fitted around the outer circumference of the reducer's sun gear shaft. Its end wall groove and sealing plate form a sealed second cooling water chamber. Combined with the adjacent second inlet and second outlet, separated by a partition, cold water can circulate within the second cooling water chamber, further enhancing the cooling effect. The oil passage on the cooling water jacket connects the oil passages on both sides of the annular plate, ensuring normal lubricating oil flow and preventing excessive oil temperature from affecting the reducer's performance. It also allows used lubricating oil to be drained and replenished with new oil in a timely manner, maintaining the lubricating oil in good condition. Furthermore, the oil passage is located on the outside of the second cooling water chamber, further improving the cooling effect. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing speed reducer in the background art.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first and second guide vanes.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange plate.
[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Cold water jacket; 11. First inlet; 12. First outlet; 13. Second inlet; 14. Second outlet; 15. Baffle; 2. First cold water chamber; 3. Annular plate; 31. Groove; 4. Sealing plate; 41. Fixing bolt; 5. Second cold water chamber; 6. First guide plate; 61. Expansion section; 62. Transition section; 63. Threaded hole; 7. Second guide plate; 8. Heat exchange plate; 9. Oil passage. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.
[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the words "for example" or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design that is described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Rather, the use of the words "for example" or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" means two or more. For example, multiple systems means two or more systems, and multiple screen terminals means two or more screen terminals. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.
[0031] A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets, as described in the reference. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes a cooling water jacket 1, an annular plate 3, and a sealing plate 4. The cooling water jacket 1 has a first cooling water chamber 2, a first inlet 11, and a first outlet 12, with the first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12 located on opposite sides of the cooling water jacket 1. The annular plate 3 is located inside the reducer and integrally formed with the cooling water jacket 1. The annular plate 3 is fitted around the outer circumference of the reducer's sun gear shaft, and an annular groove 31 is formed on the annular plate 3. The sealing plate 4 is fixedly connected to the annular plate 3, forming a sealed second cooling water chamber 5 within the groove 31. The cooling water jacket 1 has a second inlet 13 and a second outlet 14, both of which communicate with the second cooling water chamber 5.
[0032] The reducer includes a radial cooling structure (first cold water chamber 2) and an axial cooling structure (second cold water chamber 5). This structure enables the reducer to have multiple cooling structures, which enhances the cooling effect. This is because the multiple cooling structures increase the cooling area and cooling path, which can more effectively remove heat.
[0033] Reference Figure 2The first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12 are pipe interfaces connected to the cold water jacket 1 by welding. The first inlet 11 is used to introduce cold water into the first cold water chamber 2, and the first outlet 12 discharges the water after absorbing heat.
[0034] Cold water flows into the first cold water chamber 2 from the first inlet 11. During its flow within the chamber, it exchanges heat with the reducer body, absorbs heat, and then flows out from the first outlet 12. This cycle repeats, achieving initial cooling of the reducer. This arrangement of inlets and outlets on opposite sides provides a longer flow path for the cold water within the first cold water chamber 2, allowing for more thorough heat absorption and improved cooling efficiency.
[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second inlet 13 and the second outlet 14 are arranged adjacent to each other and separated by a partition 15. The partition 15 is fixedly connected to the annular plate 3 and is integrally formed. The second inlet 13 and the second outlet 14 are pipe interfaces similar to the first inlet 11 and the first outlet 12, and are fixedly connected to the cold water jacket 1 by welding. The partition 15 separates the second inlet 13 and the second outlet 14 to ensure that cold water can flow into and out of the second cold water chamber 5 in an orderly manner.
[0036] The specific description details the combination logic and effect of the second cold water chamber 5 formed by the annular plate 3 and the sealing plate 4. Cold water flows into the second cold water chamber 5 from the second inlet 13, exchanges heat with the inside of the reducer during its flow within the chamber, and then flows out from the second outlet 14. The arrangement of the second cold water chamber 5 increases the cooling area and cooling path, further improving the cooling effect. The adjacent inlet and outlet design, separated by the partition 15, allows the cold water to form a specific flow direction within the second cold water chamber 5, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency.
[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The second cold water chamber 5 is provided with a first guide plate 6 and a second guide plate 7. The first guide plate 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate 3 and has a gap with the outer inner wall of the annular plate 3. The second guide plate 7 is fixedly connected to the outer inner wall of the annular plate 3 and has a gap with the inner inner wall of the annular plate 3. The first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7 are staggered. The first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7 are integrally formed with the annular plate 3 and abut against the sealing plate 4.
[0038] The arrangement of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7 changes the flow path of the cold water in the second cold water chamber 5, causing the cold water to form a tortuous flow trajectory in the chamber, increasing the contact time and contact area between the cold water and the annular plate 3 and the inside of the reducer, thereby further improving the cooling effect.
[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The number of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7 is the same, which is 7 to 9, preferably 8.
[0040] The number of first guide vanes 6 and second guide vanes 7 can be selected according to the size of the reducer and actual cooling requirements. Setting an appropriate number of first guide vanes 6 and second guide vanes 7 can maximize the flow path of the cooling water and its contact area with the reducer's interior within a reasonable structural complexity, thereby improving the cooling effect. Selecting different numbers of guide vanes according to different actual needs allows for flexible adjustment of the reducer's cooling performance, better adapting to different working scenarios.
[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 All corners of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7, including the corners of their own contours and the connection with the annular plate 3, adopt a curved transition.
[0042] The use of a curved transition can be achieved through machining or casting. This design reduces the resistance encountered by the cold water during flow, improves the flow rate and uniformity of the cold water, and makes the cooling effect more stable and efficient.
[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first guide plate 6 is provided with a transition section 62 and an expansion section 61. The expansion section 61 is connected to the outer inner wall of the annular plate 3, and the transition section 62 is connected to the expansion section 61 and is integrally formed. It is used to smoothly transition one end of the first guide plate 6 away from the outer inner wall of the annular plate 3 to the expansion section 61.
[0044] The expansion section 61 is a relatively wide part on the first guide plate 6. The function of the transition section 62 is to allow cold water to transition more smoothly from one end of the first guide plate 6 to the expansion section 61 during the flow process, thereby reducing the resistance of the water flow.
[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The expansion section 61 has a threaded hole 63, and a fixing bolt 41 is threaded into the threaded hole 63. The fixing bolt 41 passes through the sealing plate 4, thereby fixing the sealing plate 4 to the annular plate 3 and ensuring the sealing performance of the second cold water chamber 5. A sealing ring is provided between the sealing plate 4 and the annular plate 3. The sealing ring abuts against both the sealing plate 4 and the annular plate 3, further enhancing the sealing effect.
[0046] The first guide plate 6 is fixed to the sealing plate 4 by fixing bolt 41, which enhances the stability of the structure, ensures the normal operation of the first guide plate 6 and the second guide plate 7 during the cold water flow process, and further improves the cooling effect.
[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The groove 31 is formed on the side of the annular plate 3 away from the sun gear, and the sealing plate 4 is also located on the side of the annular plate 3 away from the sun gear. A heat exchange plate 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate 3 closest to the sun gear. Multiple heat exchange plates 8 are provided and evenly distributed along the edge of the annular plate 3. The heat exchange plates 8 are integrally formed with the annular plate 3. The heat exchange plates 8 can be used to enhance the heat exchange effect near the sun gear, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the reducer.
[0048] Reference Figure 2 The cooling water jacket 1 is provided with an oil passage 9, which is used to connect the oil passages on both sides of the annular plate 3. At least one oil passage hole is provided, and the specific number can be determined according to the specific situation. Each oil passage 9 is offset from the first guide plate 6 to enhance the cooling effect of the oil passage.
[0049] The function of the oil passage 9 is to ensure that the lubricating oil in the reducer can circulate normally in the oil passages on both sides of the annular plate 3, so as to avoid affecting the flow of lubricating oil due to the setting of the annular plate 3, thereby ensuring the normal lubrication and operation of the reducer.
[0050] In this embodiment, the depth of the groove is 41 mm, and the flow rate of the second cold water chamber is not less than 15 L / min.
[0051] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The reducer in this embodiment, through the multi-cooling water jacket structure of the first cold water chamber 2 and the second cold water chamber 5, greatly increases the cooling area and cooling path. Compared with the traditional single cooling method, it can more effectively remove the heat generated during the reducer's operation, thus improving the cooling effect. By setting an appropriate number of first guide plates 6 and second guide plates 7, the flow path of the cold water and its contact area with the reducer's interior can be maximized within a reasonable structural complexity, thereby improving the cooling effect. Furthermore, the first guide plate 6, the second guide plate 7, and the heat exchange plate 8 are all integrally molded with the cold water jacket 1, making heat exchange efficient and uniform, further improving the cooling effect.
[0052] Meanwhile, the oil passage 9 ensures the normal circulation of lubricating oil within the reducer, guaranteeing proper lubrication and operation. This design solves the problem of limited cooling effect in existing cooling methods, improves the overall performance and lifespan of the reducer, and expands its application range.
[0053] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets, comprising a first cooling water chamber (2), the first cooling water chamber (2) being formed on a cooling water jacket (1) of the speed reducer, the cooling water jacket (1) being provided with a first inlet (11) and a first outlet (12) communicating with the first cooling water chamber (2), and the first inlet (11) and the first outlet (12) being located on opposite sides of the cooling water jacket (1), characterized in that: It also includes an annular plate (3) and a sealing plate (4). The annular plate (3) is located inside the reducer and is integrally formed with the cooling water jacket (1). The annular plate (3) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sun gear shaft of the reducer. An annular groove (31) is opened on the end wall of the annular plate (3). The sealing plate (4) is fixedly connected to the annular plate (3) so that the groove (31) forms a sealed second cooling water chamber (5). The cooling water jacket (1) is provided with a second inlet (13) and a second outlet (14). The second inlet (13) and the second outlet (14) are both connected to the second cooling water chamber (5). The second inlet (13) and the second outlet (14) are arranged adjacent to each other and separated by a partition (15). The partition (15) is fixedly connected to the annular plate (3). The cooling water jacket (1) is provided with an oil passage (9), which is used to connect the oil passages on both sides of the annular plate (3).
2. The speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cold water chamber (5) is provided with a first guide plate (6) and a second guide plate (7). The first guide plate (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate (3) and has a gap with the outer inner wall of the annular plate (3). The second guide plate (7) is fixedly connected to the outer inner wall of the annular plate (3) and has a gap with the inner inner wall of the annular plate (3). The first guide plate (6) and the second guide plate (7) are staggered.
3. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first guide plate (6) is provided with a transition part (62) and an expansion part (61). The expansion part (61) is connected to the outer inner wall of the annular plate (3). The transition part (62) is connected to the expansion part (61) to smoothly transition one end of the first guide plate (6) away from the outer inner wall of the annular plate (3) to the expansion part (61). The expansion part (61) is provided with a threaded hole (63). The threaded hole (63) is threaded with a fixing bolt (41). The fixing bolt (41) passes through the sealing plate (4).
4. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 2, characterized in that: All corners of the first guide plate (6) and the second guide plate (7), including the corners of their own contours and the connection with the annular plate (3), are curved.
5. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first guide plate (6) and the second guide plate (7) is the same, both being 7 to 9.
6. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plate (4) is located on the side of the annular plate (3) away from the sun gear, and a heat exchange plate (8) is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate (3) near the sun gear.
7. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple heat exchange plates (8) are provided and are evenly distributed along the edge of the annular plate (3).
8. A speed reducer with multiple cooling water jackets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove (31) has a depth of 41 mm, and the flow rate of the second cold water chamber (5) is not less than 15 L / min.