An overpressure automatic exhaust valve

Abstract

The utility model relates to an exhaust valve, concretely is an overpressure automatic exhaust valve, including the valve body on the exhaust duct of air-raid shelter, the valve body is fixed with the valve seat in, be equipped with the valve disc on the valve seat, be connected with the connecting rod on the valve disc, the outer end of connecting rod is equipped with the weight, be equipped with the airflow channel in the valve seat, and the airflow channel is used for airflow to pass under the micro overpressure state, connecting rod one end is equipped with the mounting part, the weight is slidably installed in the mounting part, the mounting part is used for changing and fixed the force arm length of weight, still include a plurality of guide components for limiting and guiding the valve disc to move along the vertical direction, the guide component includes the guide cylinder on the valve body and the connecting pipe on the valve disc, one end of connecting pipe is equipped in the guide cylinder, the guide cylinder is used for limiting the displacement of connecting pipe, the design of the flow guide groove on the valve seat allows a small amount of gas to be discharged smoothly when the micro overpressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an exhaust valve, and more particularly to an overpressure automatic exhaust valve. Background Technology

[0002] In air-raid shelters, ventilation systems are used to maintain stable internal air pressure and prevent overpressure or negative pressure from harming the structure and personnel. Automatic overpressure exhaust valves are a key component of the ventilation system; their function is to automatically open and exhaust air when the indoor air pressure exceeds a set value, thus protecting the structural safety of the building. In existing technology, common exhaust valves often employ a counterweight structure, relying on the weight of the counterweight to generate a closing torque; when the air pressure exceeds this torque, the valve disc opens.

[0003] However, these types of valves have the following problems: the counterweight position is usually fixed, and the opening pressure threshold cannot be flexibly adjusted, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of different protection levels or environmental changes; under slight overpressure conditions, the valve opening response may be insensitive, resulting in poor or delayed exhaust; in addition, the valve disc is prone to skew or vibration during movement, affecting the sealing performance, especially under severe overpressure conditions, which may reduce reliability due to insufficient structural strength or inaccurate guidance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an automatic overpressure exhaust valve to solve the problems raised in related technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, an automatic overpressure exhaust valve is provided, comprising a valve body installed on the exhaust duct of an air-raid shelter, a valve seat fixedly installed inside the valve body, a valve disc installed on the valve seat, a connecting rod connected to the valve disc, a counterweight installed at the extended end of the connecting rod, and an airflow channel provided inside the valve seat for airflow to pass through under slight overpressure conditions.

[0006] One end of the connecting rod is provided with a mounting component, and the weight is slidably mounted in the mounting component. The mounting component is used to change and fix the lever arm length of the weight.

[0007] It also includes several guide components for limiting and guiding the movement of the valve disc in the vertical direction. The guide components include a guide cylinder disposed on the valve body and a connecting pipe disposed on the valve disc. One end of the connecting pipe is disposed inside the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder is used to limit the displacement of the connecting pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the airflow channel includes guide grooves arranged in a ring array on the upper end of the valve seat. In the initial state, the side wall of the valve disc is in close contact with the side wall of the valve seat, and the side wall of the valve seat blocks the guide grooves.

[0009] Furthermore, a soft iron ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the valve seat, and an annular neodymium iron boron magnet is embedded and fixedly provided in the center of the valve disc.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing seat is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the valve body, the extended end of the connecting rod is slidably installed in the fixing seat, and a slot is opened on one side of the fixing seat, and the mounting component is rotatably installed in the slot.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting component includes a fixed cylinder fixedly disposed at the extended end of the connecting rod, the fixed cylinder having a sliding groove inside and a plurality of screw holes extending through the fixed cylinder, and the mounting component also includes bolts threaded into the screw holes.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the weight is inserted into the slide groove, and the insertion end of the weight has several through holes, the distance between two adjacent through holes being equal to the distance between two adjacent screw holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting pipe is inverted U-shaped, and a limit block is symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of one end of the connecting pipe located inside the guide cylinder, and an elastic buffer layer is fixedly installed at the lower end inside the guide cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner wall of the valve body is fixedly provided with several support plates in a ring array, and the support plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve seat.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In this overpressure automatic exhaust valve, the lever arm length of the sliding counterweight can be flexibly adjusted by cooperating with the screw hole and through hole on the fixed cylinder, thereby controlling the opening pressure threshold of the valve and adapting to the needs of different working environments.

[0017] 2. In this type of overpressure automatic exhaust valve, the design of the guide groove on the valve seat allows a small amount of gas to be discharged smoothly under slight overpressure, and the valve disc is fully opened under severe overpressure to achieve rapid exhaust, thus improving exhaust efficiency; the weak magnetic attraction of the soft iron ring and the neodymium iron boron magnet enhances the stability of the valve disc in the closed state without affecting normal opening. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the overpressure automatic exhaust valve in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overpressure automatic exhaust valve in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve seat in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the guide component in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight installation structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Valve body; 11. Support plate; 12. Fixing seat;

[0025] 2. Valve seat; 21. Flow guide groove; 22. Soft iron ring;

[0026] 3. Valve disc; 31. Neodymium iron boron magnet; 4. Connecting rod;

[0027] 5. Counterweight; 51. Through hole; 6. Fixing cylinder; 61. Slide groove; 62. Screw hole; 63. Bolt;

[0028] 7. Guide component; 71. Connecting pipe; 711. Limiting block; 72. Guide cylinder; 721. Elastic buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0030] This embodiment provides an automatic overpressure exhaust valve, including a valve body 1 installed on the exhaust duct of an air-raid shelter. A valve seat 2 is fixedly installed inside the valve body 1. A valve disc 3 is provided on the valve seat 2. A connecting rod 4 is connected to the valve disc 3. A counterweight 5 is provided at the extended end of the connecting rod 4. An airflow channel is provided inside the valve seat 2. The airflow channel is used for airflow to pass through under micro-overpressure conditions.

[0031] The connecting rod 4 is provided with a mounting component at one end, and the weight 5 is slidably mounted in the mounting component. The mounting component is used to change and fix the lever arm length of the weight 5.

[0032] It also includes several guide components 7 for limiting and guiding the valve disc 3 to move in the vertical direction. The guide component 7 includes a guide cylinder 72 fixedly disposed on the valve body 1 and a connecting pipe 71 fixedly disposed on the valve disc 3. One end of the connecting pipe 71 is disposed inside the guide cylinder 72, and the guide cylinder 72 is used to limit the displacement of the connecting pipe 71.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the airflow channel includes guide grooves 21 arranged in a ring array on the upper end of the valve seat 2. In the initial state, the side wall of the valve disc 3 is in close contact with the side wall of the valve seat 2, and the side wall of the valve seat 2 completely blocks the guide grooves 21, so that the airflow channel is in a closed state. Under the slight overpressure state, a small amount of stable gas needs to be discharged. This gas pushes the valve disc 3 to move upward along the valve seat 2 a small distance, so that the gas can be discharged through the guide grooves 21. Under the severe overpressure state, a large amount of gas needs to be discharged. The air pressure pushes the valve disc 3 to move upward along the valve seat 2 and completely opens the opening of the valve seat 2, so that the airflow can be discharged quickly.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, a soft iron ring 22 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the valve seat 2, and an annular neodymium iron boron magnet 31 is embedded and fixedly provided in the center of the valve disc 3. When the valve disc 3 is normally closed to the valve seat 2, a weak attraction is generated between the soft iron ring 22 and the annular neodymium iron boron magnet 31, which enhances the fit stability between the valve disc 3 and the valve seat 2. Moreover, the magnetic attraction is small and does not affect the normal opening of the valve disc 3 under air pressure.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of fixed rods are fixedly arranged in a circular array on the valve disc 3. One end of the connecting rod 4 is rotatably connected to the fixed rods through a pin, thereby forming a hinged connection between the valve disc 3 and the connecting rod 4. A fixed seat 12 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the valve body 1. The extended end of the connecting rod 4 is rotatably installed in the fixed seat 12 through a pin. When the valve disc 3 moves upward under the action of gas thrust, the connecting rod 4 rotates upward around the fulcrum of the fixed seat 12. At the same time, the valve disc 3 moves in a purely vertical direction under the constraint of the guide component 7. The difference in movement between the two is absorbed by the hinge point between the connecting rod 4 and the fixed rod. After the gas is discharged, the connecting rod 4 rotates downward under the action of the gravity of the counterweight 5, and pulls the valve disc 3 to reset and close through the hinge point. A slot is opened on one side of the fixed seat 12, and the mounting component is slidably installed in the slot.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the mounting component includes a fixed cylinder 6 fixedly mounted on the extended end of the connecting rod 4. The fixed cylinder 6 has a sliding groove 61 inside and a plurality of screw holes 62 through it. The mounting component also includes bolts 63 threaded into the screw holes 62.

[0037] like Figure 5As shown, one end of the weight 5 is inserted into the slide groove 61. The insertion end of the weight 5 has several through holes 51. The distance between two adjacent through holes 51 is equal to the distance between two adjacent screw holes 62. Therefore, the insertion depth of one end of the weight 5 in the slide groove 61 can be adjusted according to actual working needs, which can change the horizontal distance of the center of gravity of the weight 5 relative to the fixed seat 12, i.e., the lever arm length, thereby setting the opening pressure threshold of the valve. It is also necessary to adjust the through holes 51 to be aligned with the screw holes 62. At this time, the bolts 63 can be threaded through the screw holes 62 and the through holes 51 in sequence and connected to them to fix the position of the weight 5. When the weight 5 is close to the valve body 1, its center of gravity is closer to the center of the valve disc 3, the lever arm is shortened, the closing torque is reduced, and the valve disc 3 is more easily opened by air pressure, i.e., the opening pressure is reduced. When the weight 5 is far away from the valve body 1, its center of gravity is far away from the center of the valve disc 3, the lever arm is lengthened, the closing torque is increased, and the valve disc 3 requires more atmospheric pressure to open, i.e., the opening pressure is increased.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the connecting pipe 71 is inverted U-shaped. A limiting block 711 is symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of one end of the connecting pipe 71 located inside the guide cylinder 72. The limiting block 711 effectively prevents the connecting pipe 71 from detaching from the guide cylinder 72 and limits the path length of the valve disc 3 moving upward. An elastic buffer layer 721 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the guide cylinder 72. When the valve disc 3 moves downward to close, the connecting pipe 71 contacts the elastic buffer layer 721, which plays a buffering role and prevents the valve disc 3 from colliding and being damaged by the valve seat 2.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the inner wall of the valve body 1 is fixedly provided with several support plates 11 in a ring array, and the support plates 11 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve seat 2. The setting of the support plates 11 can not only maintain the installation stability of the valve seat 2 to a certain extent, but also enhance the structural strength of the valve body 1 and reduce the risk of its explosion under severe overpressure.

[0040] In practical use, this invention allows for adjustments to the lever arm length by varying the insertion depth of the counterweight 5 within the groove 61 of the fixed cylinder 6, based on actual protection requirements. When the air pressure inside the air-raid shelter is normal or slightly negative, the valve disc 3, under the weight of the counterweight 5, tightly adheres to the side wall of the valve seat 2, blocking the guide groove 21 on the valve seat 2, thus closing the airflow channel. When a slight overpressure occurs indoors, the air pressure pushes the valve disc 3 to overcome the closing torque generated by the counterweight 5 and the weak magnetic attraction between the soft iron ring 22 and the neodymium iron boron magnet 31, causing the valve disc 3 to move along... The vertical direction is slightly moved upward. At this time, part of the guide groove 21 is exposed, forming a small airflow channel, allowing a small amount of stable gas to be discharged through the guide groove 21, thus achieving automatic pressure relief. If severe overpressure occurs, the air pressure increases rapidly, pushing the valve disc 3 to move upward significantly, fully opening the central opening of the valve seat 2, allowing the airflow to be discharged quickly and in large quantities. After the overpressure is relieved, the air pressure drops, and the counterweight 5 drives the connecting rod 4 to rotate downward around the fixed seat 12 under the action of gravity, pulling the valve disc 3 to reset through the hinge point. The valve disc 3 then re-fits the valve seat 2, restoring the sealing state.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An overpressure automatic exhaust valve, comprising a valve body (1) installed on an exhaust duct in an air-raid shelter, wherein a valve seat (2) is fixedly installed inside the valve body (1), a valve disc (3) is provided on the valve seat (2), a connecting rod (4) is connected to the valve disc (3), and a counterweight (5) is provided at the extended end of the connecting rod (4), characterized in that, The valve seat (2) is provided with an airflow channel, which is used for airflow to pass through under micro-overpressure conditions; The connecting rod (4) has an installation component at one end, and the hammer (5) is slidably installed in the installation component. The installation component is used to change and fix the lever arm length of the hammer (5). It also includes several guide components (7) for limiting and guiding the valve disc (3) to move in the vertical direction. The guide component (7) includes a guide cylinder (72) provided on the valve body (1) and a connecting pipe (71) provided on the valve disc (3). One end of the connecting pipe (71) is provided inside the guide cylinder (72), and the guide cylinder (72) is used to limit the displacement of the connecting pipe (71).

2. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow channel includes a guide groove (21) arranged in a ring array on the upper end of the valve seat (2). In the initial state, the side wall of the valve disc (3) is in close contact with the side wall of the valve seat (2), and the side wall of the valve seat (2) blocks the guide groove (21).

3. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, A soft iron ring (22) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the valve seat (2), and an annular neodymium iron boron magnet (31) is embedded and fixedly provided in the center of the valve disc (3).

4. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body (1) is fixedly provided with a fixed seat (12) on its outer wall. The extended end of the connecting rod (4) is rotatably installed in the fixed seat (12). A slot is provided on one side of the fixed seat (12), and the mounting component is slidably installed in the slot.

5. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting component includes a fixed cylinder (6) fixedly installed at the extended end of the connecting rod (4), a sliding groove (61) is provided inside the fixed cylinder (6), and a plurality of screw holes (62) are provided through the fixed cylinder (6). The mounting component also includes bolts (63) threaded into the screw holes (62).

6. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the weight (5) is inserted into the slide groove (61), and the insertion end of the weight (5) has several through holes (51) through it. The distance between two adjacent through holes (51) is equal to the distance between two adjacent screw holes (62).

7. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting pipe (71) is inverted U-shaped. A limit block (711) is symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of one end of the connecting pipe (71) inside the guide cylinder (72). An elastic buffer layer (721) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the guide cylinder (72).

8. The overpressure automatic exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body (1) has several support plates (11) fixedly arranged in a ring array on its inner wall, and the support plates (11) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve seat (2).

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