Wall pipe waterproof structure of district energy heat exchange station
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522719749.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-23
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本实用新型所解决的技术问题在于提供一种区域供能换热站的穿墙管道防水结构，可用以解决现有技术中穿墙管道防水密封性差、易失效、维护困难的缺陷
[0014]有益效果：本实用新型一种区域供能换热站的穿墙管道防水结构具有密封性强、抗位移能力好、耐久性高、维护方便等优点，通过刚性防水套管与柔性密封组件的组合设计，既利用刚性套管的结构稳定性抵御建筑沉降影响，又通过弹性密封层和遇水膨胀止水条适应管道热胀冷缩位移，实现“刚柔结合”的防水效果；防位移限位环有效限制管道轴向移动，避免密封组件因过度拉伸失效；外侧防水加强层进一步强化墙体外侧的防水能力，形成多重防护体系。该结构能够长期保持良好的防水密封性，解决了传统防水结构易失效的问题，且维护时仅需更换外侧密封胶层或弹性密封层，无需破坏墙体，降低了维护成本和工序复杂度。
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Figure CN224919956U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of regional functional technology, specifically to a waterproof structure for through-wall pipes in a regional energy supply heat exchange station. Background Technology
[0002] District heating and cooling stations are a crucial component of urban centralized heating and cooling networks. As the core hub for energy transmission and distribution, they bear the important responsibility of delivering heat or cold sources to various users. The piping systems within these stations typically need to penetrate building walls to achieve efficient energy transfer from the external network to indoor equipment.
[0003] However, the joints between pipes penetrating walls and the walls often become weak points in building waterproofing systems due to material differences and structural deformation. Currently, common waterproofing methods in engineering practice mainly include injecting sealant into the gaps between pipes and walls, pre-embedding rigid waterproof sleeves, or using flexible waterproof sleeves with elasticity and adaptability to deformation. However, pipes expand and contract with temperature changes, and building structures may settle due to geological conditions. Combined with external factors such as equipment vibration and material aging, the original waterproofing structure is prone to problems such as cracking of the sealant, adhesion failure, and gaps between the sleeve and the pipe. Over time, these defects can cause the gaps to gradually widen, leading to external rainwater, groundwater, and even condensate from inside the building seeping into the heat exchange station through the wall penetration point. Once leakage occurs, it will not only corrode and damage the heat pumps, heat exchangers, water pumps, and electrical control equipment installed in the station, affecting the normal operation of the entire energy supply system, but may also trigger a series of chain reactions.
[0004] Therefore, existing waterproofing technologies are insufficient to meet the stringent requirements of district energy heat exchange stations for long-term reliability, low maintenance costs, and continuous stable operation. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a waterproof structure for through-wall pipes in a district energy heat exchange station, which can solve the defects of poor waterproof sealing, easy failure and difficult maintenance of through-wall pipes in the prior art.
[0006] The technical problem solved by this utility model is achieved by the following technical solution: A waterproof structure for a wall-penetrating pipe in a district energy heat exchange station includes a rigid outer pipe, which is inserted into a pre-reserved hole in the wall and the gap between the rigid outer pipe and the pre-reserved hole in the wall is filled with micro-expansion concrete; the rigid outer pipe is lined with a matching combined waterproof bushing. The combined waterproof bushing includes a separable inner bushing and an outer bushing. Both the inner and outer bushings are rubber bushings, and the elastic modulus of the inner bushing is higher than that of the outer bushing. The outer bushing is embedded in a rigid outer tube, and multiple expansion waterstop strips are formed on the outer surface of the outer bushing, spaced apart along the length of the rigid outer tube. The expansion waterstop strips are annular protrusions. The expansion waterstop strips, the outer bushing, and the rigid outer tube are filled with closed-cell foam rubber. The inner and outer bushings are nested together with a clearance fit. A grid pattern is uniformly formed on the outer surface of the inner bushing, and a pipe penetration hole is formed on the inner side of the inner bushing. The pipe penetrating the wall is assembled into the pipe penetration hole by an interference fit. After the pipe penetrating the wall is assembled, the inner bushing deforms itself to tightly press and fit the inner surface of the outer bushing.
[0007] As a further limitation, the rigid waterproof sleeve is a steel sleeve with a length greater than the wall thickness, and both ends extend out of the wall surface during assembly; the inner wall of the rigid waterproof sleeve is sprayed with an anti-rust coating, and the outer wall is welded with no less than two annular water-stop wing rings. The rigid outer tube has an outwardly flared annular edge on one side, and a rubber gasket is embedded on the inner side of the outwardly flared annular edge; the rigid outer tube is tightly attached to the wall surface through the rubber gasket, and the gap end face filled with micro-expansion concrete is covered by the outwardly flared annular edge.
[0008] As a further limitation, the strength grade of the micro-expansion concrete between the rigid outer tube and the reserved hole in the wall is not lower than C30, and after filling, the surface is treated with waterproof coating at the corresponding gap position in the wall.
[0009] As a further limitation, the outer sleeve has annular blind grooves formed on its outer surface at intervals; the expansion sealing strip has an expansion ratio of not less than 150% after absorbing water, and its inner side is fixed in the annular blind groove by adhesive, with its height protruding from the outer surface of the outer sleeve.
[0010] As a further limitation, the ring width of a single expansion waterstop strip is not less than 8mm, and the spacing between adjacent expansion waterstop strips is set to 15~20mm.
[0011] As a further limitation, the cross-sectional shape of the expansion waterstop strip is trapezoidal, wherein the width of the end closer to the outer surface of the outer bushing is greater than the width of the end farther from the outer surface of the outer bushing. This structural design can further enhance the compression sealing effect between the expansion waterstop strip and the inner wall of the rigid outer tube after the expansion waterstop strip absorbs water and expands, effectively preventing water from seeping through the gap between the outer bushing and the rigid outer tube.
[0012] As a further limitation, the thickness ratio of the inner bushing to the outer bushing in the combined waterproof bushing is 2.5:1 to 3:1, and the sum of the thicknesses of the combined waterproof bushing is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the rigid outer tube.
[0013] As a further limitation, the mesh pattern of the inner liner is a diamond-shaped interlaced structure, and the depth of the mesh is 0.8~1.2mm.
[0014] Beneficial Effects: This utility model discloses a waterproof structure for through-wall pipes in a district energy heat exchange station. It boasts advantages such as strong sealing, excellent displacement resistance, high durability, and convenient maintenance. Through a combination of a rigid waterproof sleeve and flexible sealing components, the rigid sleeve's structural stability resists building settlement, while the elastic sealing layer and water-swellable sealing strip adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the pipe, achieving a "rigid-flexible" waterproof effect. The anti-displacement limiting ring effectively restricts axial movement of the pipe, preventing the sealing components from failing due to excessive stretching. The outer waterproof reinforcement layer further enhances the waterproof capability of the outer wall, forming a multi-layered protection system. This structure maintains excellent waterproof sealing performance over a long period, solving the problem of easy failure in traditional waterproof structures. Maintenance only requires replacing the outer sealant layer or elastic sealing layer, without damaging the wall, reducing maintenance costs and process complexity. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] The components include: 1. Wall; 2. Waterproof coating; 3. Outward-facing ring edge; 4. Ring-shaped water-stop wing ring; 5. Micro-expansion concrete; 6. Rigid outer pipe; 7. Inner liner; 8. Through-wall pipe; 9. Outer liner; 10. Ring-shaped expansion water-stop strip; 11. Closed-cell foam rubber; 12. Rubber gasket. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations.
[0018] See Figure 1 A preferred embodiment of a waterproof structure for a wall-penetrating pipe in a district energy heat exchange station. In this embodiment, the waterproof structure is used for waterproof sealing treatment of the wall-penetrating pipe 8 when it is assembled through the wall on the wall 1, and it is particularly suitable for the assembly of wall-penetrating pipes in district energy heat exchange stations.
[0019] The waterproof structure for the through-wall pipe includes a rigid outer pipe 6 and a matching waterproof bushing. The rigid outer pipe 6 needs to be customized according to the thickness of the wall 1 and the size of the pre-drilled hole in the wall 1. The prefabricated length of the rigid outer pipe 6 is greater than the thickness of the wall 1, so that there can be a margin extending beyond the wall surface on both sides. The prefabricated outer diameter of the rigid outer pipe 6 should preferably be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pre-drilled hole in the wall by 5-8mm to facilitate the filling of the gap with micro-expansion concrete 5.
[0020] The inner and outer walls of the rigid outer tube 6 are both coated with an epoxy zinc-rich anti-rust coating. Two annular water-stop wing rings 4 are welded to the outer wall of the rigid outer tube 6. The annular water-stop wing rings 4 have a diameter of 80mm and a thickness of 6mm. The spacing between the two water-stop wing rings is 150mm. The annular water-stop wing rings are connected to the rigid outer tube using a double-sided full welding process. After welding, the weld is subjected to penetrant testing to ensure there are no defects such as porosity or cracks. The rigid outer tube 6 is then... Figure 1 The right end of the tube extending from the wall is processed with an outward-turned annular edge 3. The width of the outward-turned annular edge is 50mm and the thickness is the same as that of the rigid outer tube. The inner side of the edge is fitted with a rubber pad 12 made of 10mm thick nitrile rubber by molding process, and fine bonding texture is pressed on the surface in contact with the wall.
[0021] The inner diameter of the rigid outer tube 6 is designed to accommodate the nesting of the combined waterproof bushing. The outer bushing 9 of the combined waterproof bushing is made of EPDM rubber with a Shore hardness of 45±3. Its outer surface is integrally formed with five spaced annular blind grooves. Annular expansion waterstop strips 10 are embedded in each of these five annular blind grooves. The cross-sectional shape of the corresponding annular expansion waterstop strip 10 is an isosceles trapezoid with an upper base width of 12mm, which is close to the inner diameter of the rigid outer tube 6. The lower base width is 8mm, the height is 10mm, and it extends 6mm beyond the surface of the outer bushing 9. The spacing between adjacent expansion waterstop strips is 18mm.
[0022] During the molding process, the rigid outer tube 6 is initially sealed by the annular expansion waterstop strip 10 against the inner wall of the rigid outer tube 6. After the outer bushing is installed, closed-cell foam rubber 11 is filled into the gap between the annular expansion waterstop strip 10 and the inner wall of the rigid outer tube. Through the elastic support and buffering effect of the closed-cell foam rubber 11, the expansion waterstop strip is further squeezed, making it fit tightly against the inner wall of the rigid outer tube and improving the sealing effect. In addition, due to the material properties of the annular expansion waterstop strip 10 itself, when water seeps through the tiny gap between the rigid outer tube 6 and the outer bushing 9, the expansion waterstop strip will quickly absorb water and expand. Its volume can continue to expand, thereby further filling the gap and generating continuous radial pressure. Together with the closed-cell foam rubber 11, it forms a double sealing barrier, effectively preventing further water penetration.
[0023] The inner liner 7 is molded from hydrogenated nitrile rubber with a Shore hardness of 75±3. The elastic modulus of the inner liner 7 is higher than that of the outer liner 9. Specifically, in this embodiment, the elastic modulus of the inner liner 7 is 2.3 times that of the outer liner 9, ensuring that after the through-wall pipe 8 is assembled, the inner liner 7 can provide stable radial extrusion force through its own rigid deformation, while also possessing a certain elastic buffering capacity. The outer surface of the inner liner 7 is molded into a diamond-shaped interlaced grid pattern with a grid depth of 1.0 mm and a grid side length of 8 mm. A 0.5 mm deep groove is formed at the intersection of the grid patterns. The inner surface of the inner liner 7 is smooth to reduce frictional resistance with the outer surface of the through-wall pipe and facilitate positioning during pipe installation.
[0024] The inner diameter of the inner bushing 7 is 3-5 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the through-wall pipe 8. When the through-wall pipe is pressed in with an interference fit, the inner bushing will undergo uniform radial expansion deformation. Its inner side tightly wraps around the outer wall of the through-wall pipe 7, while its outer side forms a mechanical engagement with the inner wall of the outer bushing 9 through the grid pattern. At the same time, the elastic restoring force of the inner bushing 7 continuously maintains a tight state with the outer bushing 9, ensuring that a high sealing performance is maintained throughout long-term use. The presence of the grid pattern can significantly enhance the friction between the inner bushing 7 and the outer bushing 9, preventing relative sliding between the two during pipe vibration or thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, the grooves of the pattern form a labyrinth-like sealing channel.
[0025] In this embodiment, the total thickness of the combined waterproof bushing is 1 / 5.5 of the inner diameter of the rigid outer pipe 6, wherein the thickness of the inner bushing 7 is 2.8 times that of the outer bushing 9, so as to ensure that the inner bushing 7 provides sufficient support while the outer bushing 9 can better absorb pipe vibration and displacement.
[0026] During actual installation, the outer bushing 9 is first pressed into the rigid outer tube 6 using a special tool to ensure that the annular expansion waterstop strip 10 is in close contact with the inner wall of the rigid outer tube 6. Then, the gap between the outer bushing 9 and the rigid outer tube 6 is filled with closed-cell foam rubber 11.
[0027] Next, slowly push the inner bushing 7 into the outer bushing from the left side of the rigid outer tube 6 until both ends of the inner bushing are flush with both ends of the outer bushing. During the pushing process, ensure that the grid pattern is oriented correctly to ensure effective engagement with the outer bushing 9.
[0028] Finally, the through-wall pipe 8 is pressed into the pipe insertion hole of the inner bushing 7 at a uniform speed using hydraulic equipment. The pressing force is monitored in real time during the pressing process to prevent excessive deformation or damage to the inner bushing 7.
[0029] In this embodiment, when filling the space between the rigid outer tube 6 and the pre-reserved hole in the wall with micro-expansion concrete 5, C35 grade micro-expansion concrete is used, with its expansion rate controlled between 0.02% and 0.05%. Before filling, the inner wall of the pre-reserved hole in the wall is roughened and an interface agent is applied to enhance the adhesion between the micro-expansion concrete and the wall. After the micro-expansion concrete 5 is filled, waterproof coating 2 is applied to the corresponding hole positions on both sides of the wall 1. The waterproof coating 2 needs to extend 50mm to the outside of the outward-facing annular edge 3 of the rigid outer tube 6 to form a complete waterproof covering layer.
[0030] During assembly, the rubber pad 12 on the inner side of the outward-turned annular edge 3 is attached to the inner side of the outward-turned annular edge 3 with special adhesive. Before attachment, the contact surface must be cleaned and dried to ensure that the rubber pad is tightly attached to the outward-turned annular edge and the wall surface without bubbles or wrinkles.
[0031] Throughout the installation process, the installation deviations of each component must be controlled within the following ranges: the verticality deviation of the rigid outer pipe axis should not exceed 1°, the concentricity deviation between the combined waterproof bushing and the rigid outer pipe should not exceed 2mm, and the coaxiality deviation between the through-wall pipe and the combined waterproof bushing should not exceed 1.5mm, in order to ensure the overall stability and sealing performance of the waterproof structure.
[0032] After the structure described in this embodiment is fully cured and molded, when the through-wall pipe 1 undergoes axial displacement due to thermal expansion and contraction, the combination of the outer bushing 9 and the inner bushing 7 can absorb the displacement through compression or stretching, thus preventing seal failure. If a small amount of water seeps into the annular gap, the inner annular expansion waterstop strip 10 expands upon contact with water, further filling the gap and preventing water from continuing to seep in.
[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the technical content of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make various alterations, modifications, and / or variations to this utility model, and all such equivalent forms also fall within the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A waterproof structure for through-wall pipes in a district energy heat exchange station, characterized in that, It includes a rigid outer tube, which is inserted into a pre-reserved hole in the wall and the gap between the rigid outer tube and the pre-reserved hole in the wall is filled with micro-expansion concrete; the rigid outer tube is lined with a matching combined waterproof bushing. The combined waterproof bushing includes a separable inner bushing and an outer bushing. Both the inner and outer bushings are rubber bushings, and the elastic modulus of the inner bushing is higher than that of the outer bushing. The outer bushing is embedded in a rigid outer tube, and multiple expansion waterstop strips are formed on the outer surface of the outer bushing, spaced apart along the length of the rigid outer tube. The expansion waterstop strips are annular protrusions. The expansion waterstop strips, the outer bushing, and the rigid outer tube are filled with closed-cell foam rubber. The inner and outer bushings are nested together with a clearance fit. A grid pattern is uniformly formed on the outer surface of the inner bushing, and a pipe penetration hole is formed on the inner side of the inner bushing. The pipe penetrating the wall is assembled into the pipe penetration hole by an interference fit. After the pipe penetrating the wall is assembled, the inner bushing deforms itself to tightly press and fit the inner surface of the outer bushing.
2. The waterproof structure for through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid waterproof sleeve is a steel sleeve with a length greater than the wall thickness. During assembly, both ends extend out of the wall surface. The inner wall of the rigid waterproof sleeve is sprayed with an anti-rust coating, and the outer wall is welded with no less than two annular water-stop wing rings.
3. The waterproof structure for through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rigid outer tube has an outwardly flared annular edge on one side, and a rubber gasket is embedded on the inner side of the outwardly flared annular edge; the rigid outer tube is tightly attached to the wall surface through the rubber gasket, and the gap end face filled with micro-expansion concrete is covered by the outwardly flared annular edge.
4. The waterproof structure for through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strength grade of the micro-expansion concrete between the rigid outer tube and the reserved hole in the wall is not lower than C30, and after filling, the surface is treated with waterproof coating at the corresponding gap position in the wall.
5. The waterproof structure for the through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer sleeve has annular blind grooves formed on its outer surface at intervals; the expansion water-stop strip has an expansion ratio of not less than 150% after absorbing water, and its inner side is fixed in the annular blind groove by adhesive, with its height protruding from the outer surface of the outer sleeve.
6. The waterproof structure for the through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring width of a single expansion waterstop strip is not less than 8mm, and the spacing between adjacent expansion waterstop strips is set to 15~20mm.
7. The waterproof structure for the through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion sealing strip has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, wherein the width of the end closer to the outer surface of the outer bushing is greater than the width of the end farther from the outer surface of the outer bushing.
8. The waterproof structure for through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness ratio of the inner bushing to the outer bushing in the combined waterproof bushing is 2.5:1 to 3:1, and the total thickness of the combined waterproof bushing is 1 / 6 to 1 / 5 of the inner diameter of the rigid outer tube.
9. The waterproof structure for through-wall pipes of the district energy supply heat exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner liner has a diamond-shaped interlaced mesh pattern with a mesh depth of 0.8~1.2mm.