Air preheater with pulse ash removal function

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air preheater with pulse dust cleaning function, include: air preheater body, the lower position of heat exchange element is fixed with annular pipe on air preheater body inner wall, and the pipe wall of annular pipe is connected with a plurality of adjustable angle blow -off nozzles, pulse jar is fixed on the outer wall of air preheater body through support, and the outlet of pulse jar is connected and communicates with annular pipe through gas supply pipeline. The air preheater no longer depends on the traditional single fixed blow -off, but is through adjustable angle blow -off nozzle to the serious jam area carries out the key multi -angle repeated blow -off, realizes the dust cleaning according to need, avoids the compressed air energy waste caused by blind, frequent blow -off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air preheater technology, and more specifically to an air preheater with pulse cleaning function. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary air preheaters are an important component of large thermal equipment (such as boilers) used to preheat the air entering the boiler and improve combustion efficiency. However, during operation, air preheaters are susceptible to ash accumulation and low-temperature corrosion, leading to decreased heat exchange efficiency and even ash blockage, which seriously affects the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] The existing publication number CN110513712A, entitled "A Method for Preventing Clogging of Air Preheaters Using Compressed Air Pulse Blowing," describes a method that uses radially direct pulse blowing channels to purge and remove ash from heat exchange elements by introducing compressed air into these channels. However, this blowing mode is fixed and cannot be optimized based on changes in ash accumulation characteristics (such as different ash characteristics under different loads). For example, it cannot perform targeted, multi-angle, and repeated blowing on severely clogged areas. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an air preheater with pulse cleaning function, which has the advantages of adjustable blowing angle, enabling focused multi-angle repeated blowing of severely clogged areas, and good cleaning effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An air preheater with pulse cleaning function includes: An air preheater body has an annular tube fixed on its inner wall below the heat exchange element, and multiple adjustable angle purging nozzles are connected to the tube wall of the annular tube. The pulse tank is fixed to the outer wall of the air preheater body by a bracket, and the outlet of the pulse tank is connected to the annular pipe through an air supply pipe.

[0006] The effect of adopting the above solution is that the air preheater no longer relies on traditional single fixed purging, but uses adjustable angle purging nozzles to focus on and repeatedly purge severely clogged areas from multiple angles, achieving on-demand dust removal and avoiding the waste of compressed air energy caused by blind and frequent purging.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the adjustable angle purge nozzles includes: A fixed tube, one end of which is connected to and communicates with the annular tube; A first angle adjusting tube, one end of which is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixed tube; The second angle adjusting tube has one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube, and the other end of the second angle adjusting tube is a nozzle orifice, which is arranged toward the heat exchange element.

[0008] The effect of adopting the above scheme is that the nozzle tip can be adjusted in two dimensions through two rotating connection points, which greatly enhances the flexibility and coverage of the purging process.

[0009] Furthermore, each of the adjustable angle blowing nozzles further includes: a first drive mechanism for driving the first angle adjustment tube to rotate, and a second drive mechanism for driving the second angle adjustment tube to rotate.

[0010] The effect of adopting the above solution is that the adjustment of the nozzle can be automated and programmed, without the need for manual intervention, thus laying the foundation for intelligent dust removal.

[0011] Furthermore, the first driving mechanism includes: A first driving component is fixed on the outer wall of the fixed tube, and a first driving gear is fixed on the driving end of the first driving component. The first driven gear is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the first angle adjusting tube, and the first driven gear is meshed with the first driving gear for transmission connection; The second drive mechanism includes: The second driving component is fixed on the outer wall of the first angle adjusting tube, and a second driving gear is fixed on the driving end of the second driving component. The second driven gear is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the second angle adjusting tube, and the second driven gear is meshed with the second driving gear for transmission.

[0012] The advantages of adopting the above scheme are: the structure is compact, reliable, has precise transmission, and is easy to control.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the first angle adjusting tube is connected to the other end of the fixed tube via a bearing, and one end of the second angle adjusting tube is connected to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube via a bearing.

[0014] The effect of adopting the above scheme is to ensure that the first angle adjusting tube and the second angle adjusting tube rotate flexibly, with low resistance and long service life.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the first angle adjusting tube is arranged at an angle to the other end of the fixed tube, and one end of the second angle adjusting tube is arranged at an angle to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube.

[0016] The effect of adopting the above solution is that the nozzle can obtain a larger angle adjustment range and better clearance space when folding or extending, thus avoiding interference with other internal components.

[0017] Furthermore, a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor are fixed to the inlet and outlet of the hot air side of the air preheater body, respectively. The first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the switch valve at the outlet of the pulse tank, the first drive unit, and the second drive unit are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0018] The effect of the above solution is that dust accumulation can cause blockage or narrowing of the heat exchange element channels, thereby increasing airflow resistance and manifesting as a rise in the inlet and outlet pressure difference. The controller continuously monitors this pressure difference. When the pressure difference exceeds a preset threshold (indicating that dust accumulation has affected performance), the controller automatically initiates the dust removal procedure. The control valve of the pulse tank opens / closes at a set frequency (pulse type); At the same time, the first and second driving components can be controlled according to the preset algorithm or real-time model to drive the nozzle to rotate and perform targeted or scanning blowing on areas with severe dust accumulation.

[0019] Therefore, the above solution achieves "on-demand dust removal," avoiding energy waste and unnecessary equipment wear, and optimizing the dust removal effect.

[0020] Furthermore, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are fixed to the inlet and outlet of the hot air side of the air preheater body, respectively, and both the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are electrically connected to the controller.

[0021] The effect of adopting the above scheme is that dust accumulation not only increases resistance, but also reduces heat exchange efficiency, which is manifested as a reduction in the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet. At this time, the controller can more comprehensively and accurately judge the degree of dust accumulation and the decline in heat exchange performance by combining the differential pressure signal and the temperature difference signal, thereby formulating a more scientific dust removal strategy (such as dust removal intensity, duration, nozzle oscillation mode, etc.). Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an air preheater with pulse cleaning function provided by this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the air preheater. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] This utility model discloses an air preheater with pulse cleaning function, comprising: An air preheater body 1 has an annular tube 2 fixed on its inner wall below the heat exchange element 11. Multiple adjustable angle purging nozzles 3 are connected to the tube wall of the annular tube 2. The pulse tank 4 (which can be a compressed air tank or a steam tank) is fixed to the outer wall of the air preheater body 1 by the bracket 5. The outlet of the pulse tank 4 is connected to the annular pipe 2 through the air supply pipe 6.

[0028] In some embodiments, each adjustable-angle purge nozzle 3 includes: Fixed pipe 31, one end of fixed pipe 31 is connected to and communicates with annular pipe 2; The first angle adjusting tube 32 is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixed tube 31; The second angle adjusting tube 33 has one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube 32. The other end of the second angle adjusting tube 33 is a nozzle orifice, and the nozzle orifice is arranged facing the heat exchange element 11.

[0029] In some embodiments, each adjustable angle blowing nozzle 3 further includes: a first drive mechanism 34 for driving the first angle adjustment tube 32 to rotate, and a second drive mechanism 35 for driving the second angle adjustment tube 33 to rotate.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first drive mechanism 34 includes: The first driving component 341 is fixed on the outer wall of the fixed tube 31, and the first driving gear 342 is fixed on the driving end of the first driving component 341. The first driven gear 343 is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the first angle adjusting tube 32, and the first driven gear 343 is meshed with the first driving gear 342 for transmission. The second drive mechanism 35 includes: The second driving component 351 is fixed on the outer wall of the first angle adjusting tube 32, and the second driving gear 352 is fixed on the driving end of the second driving component 351. The second driven gear 353 is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the second angle adjusting tube 33, and the second driven gear 353 is meshed with the second driving gear 352 for transmission.

[0031] Both the first drive component 341 and the second drive component 351 can be pneumatic motors or electric motors.

[0032] In some embodiments, one end of the first angle adjusting tube 32 is connected to the other end of the fixed tube 31 via a bearing, and one end of the second angle adjusting tube 33 is connected to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube 32 via a bearing.

[0033] In some embodiments, one end of the first angle adjusting tube 32 is arranged at an angle to the other end of the fixed tube 31, and one end of the second angle adjusting tube 33 is arranged at an angle to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube 32.

[0034] In some embodiments, a first pressure sensor 7 and a second pressure sensor 8 are fixed to the inlet and outlet of the hot air side of the air preheater body 1, respectively. The first pressure sensor 7, the second pressure sensor 8, the switch valve 41 at the outlet of the pulse tank 4, the first drive unit 341, and the second drive unit 351 are all electrically connected to the controller 9.

[0035] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor 10 and a second temperature sensor 12 are fixed to the inlet and outlet of the hot air side of the air preheater body 1, respectively, and both the first temperature sensor 10 and the second temperature sensor 12 are electrically connected to the controller 9.

[0036] The controller monitors the preheater resistance drop by receiving signals from pressure sensors located at the flue gas inlet and outlet. When the resistance drop exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates severe ash accumulation, and the system automatically triggers the ash removal procedure. Simultaneously, temperature sensors monitor flue gas temperature changes to further assess the ash accumulation status. For example, if the resistance drop does not reach 70% of the expected value after one ash removal cycle, the system automatically increases the gas pressure for the next ash removal cycle by 10% or extends the pulse duration by 20%.

[0037] This intelligent control not only improves the accuracy of dust removal operations, but also avoids over- or under-duration dust removal, ensuring the efficiency and timeliness of the dust removal operation.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) High dust removal efficiency and good effect: The pulsed high-pressure airflow has a strong impact force, and with the multi-angle adjustable nozzle, it can effectively remove stubborn dust, especially suitable for ash with strong viscosity. Moreover, it is also easy to optimize the blowing angle according to the layout of the heat exchange element and the dust accumulation to achieve the best dust removal effect.

[0039] (2) Intelligent and automated operation: Based on multi-parameter sensing such as pressure difference and temperature difference, fully automatic monitoring, judgment and dust removal operation are realized, reducing manual inspection and operation.

[0040] (3) Energy saving and consumption reduction: The "on-demand ash cleaning" mode avoids the waste of compressed air energy caused by blind and frequent purging. Keeping the heat exchange surface clean directly improves the heat exchange efficiency of the preheater itself and enhances the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler or process furnace.

[0041] (4) High adaptability and high reliability: Modular design, especially adjustable nozzles and independent pulse tank system, makes it easy to upgrade existing preheaters.

[0042] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0043] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An air preheater with pulse cleaning function, characterized in that, include: An air preheater body (1) has an annular tube (2) fixed on its inner wall below the heat exchange element (11). Multiple adjustable angle purging nozzles (3) are connected to the tube wall of the annular tube (2). Pulse tank (4), the pulse tank (4) is fixed on the outer wall of the air preheater body (1) by a bracket (5), and the outlet of the pulse tank (4) is connected to the annular pipe (2) through an air supply pipe (6); Each of the adjustable angle purge nozzles (3) includes: A fixed tube (31) is connected and communicates with the annular tube (2) at one end; A first angle adjusting tube (32) is rotatably connected at one end to the other end of the fixed tube (31); The second angle adjustment tube (33) has one end rotatably connected to the other end of the first angle adjustment tube (32), and the other end of the second angle adjustment tube (33) is a nozzle orifice, which is arranged toward the heat exchange element (11). Each of the adjustable angle blowing nozzles (3) further includes: a first drive mechanism (34) for driving the first angle adjustment tube (32) to rotate, and a second drive mechanism (35) for driving the second angle adjustment tube (33) to rotate. The first drive mechanism (34) includes: The first driving member (341) is fixed on the outer wall of the fixed tube (31), and the first driving gear (342) is fixed on the driving end of the first driving member (341). The first driven gear (343) is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the first angle adjusting tube (32), and the first driven gear (343) meshes with the first driving gear (342) for transmission connection; The second drive mechanism (35) includes: The second driving component (351) is fixed on the outer wall of the first angle adjusting tube (32), and a second driving gear (352) is fixed on the driving end of the second driving component (351). The second driven gear (353) is sleeved on the outer wall of one end of the second angle adjusting tube (33), and the second driven gear (353) is meshed with the second drive gear (352) for transmission connection; One end of the first angle adjusting tube (32) is connected to the other end of the fixed tube (31) through a bearing, and one end of the second angle adjusting tube (33) is connected to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube (32) through a bearing; One end of the first angle adjusting tube (32) is arranged at an angle to the other end of the fixed tube (31), and one end of the second angle adjusting tube (33) is arranged at an angle to the other end of the first angle adjusting tube (32).

2. An air preheater with pulse cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the air preheater body (1) on the hot air side are respectively fixed with a first air pressure sensor (7) and a second air pressure sensor (8). The first air pressure sensor (7), the second air pressure sensor (8), the switch valve (41) at the outlet of the pulse tank (4), the first drive unit (341), and the second drive unit (351) are all electrically connected to the controller (9).

3. An air preheater with pulse cleaning function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the air preheater body (1) on the hot air side are respectively fixed with a first temperature sensor (10) and a second temperature sensor (12), and both the first temperature sensor (10) and the second temperature sensor (12) are electrically connected to the controller (9).

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