A temperature-controlled water curtain device for an architectural facade

Abstract

The application discloses a temperature control water curtain device for building outer wall, which is applied to the outer wall of a building adjacent to an electrochemical energy storage power station and comprises a water distribution pipeline, an increment valve, a temperature control valve and a plurality of spray heads. The spray heads are arranged on the outer wall of the building and are arranged downward. When the water distribution pipeline is conducted, the spray heads form a water curtain between the electrochemical energy storage power station and the building. The increment valve is arranged on the water distribution pipeline, and the temperature control valve is arranged on the water distribution pipeline. When the ambient temperature reaches a set value, the temperature control valve is automatically opened. The increment valve then supplies water to the unit and sends a water flow signal. When the temperature falls, the valve is closed, the unit is stopped, one-point control is realized, and each water curtain device water spraying unit is controlled. The temperature control water curtain device is arranged on the outer wall of the building adjacent to the electrochemical energy storage power station. When the energy storage power station flame spreads to the outer wall of the building, the device can generate a continuous and uniform water curtain barrier, and the fire spreading is effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water curtain device technology, specifically to a temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochemical energy storage power stations primarily rely on electrochemical batteries for energy storage and release, with their core function being the utilization of the batteries' high energy density. Against the backdrop of continuous grid integration of new energy sources, the stable operation of the power system increasingly depends on energy storage technology. For this reason, electrochemical energy storage power stations, with their excellent energy density, durability, and environmental friendliness, have experienced rapid development globally.

[0003] To prevent lithium battery fires in prefabricated electrochemical energy storage power stations, and considering the characteristics of lithium battery fires—strong heat radiation, rapid spread, and easy reignition—Article 12.2.4 of the "Design Standard for Electrochemical Energy Storage Power Stations" (GB / T51048-2025) stipulates a fire separation distance of 20-25 meters between outdoor battery compartments and various factory buildings. National and local standards propose installing firewalls with a fire resistance rating of not less than 4.00 hours between the prefabricated battery compartment and buildings to effectively reduce fire separation distances. However, strict fire separation distance requirements constrain land use efficiency. In existing industrial parks, due to the constraints of compact building layouts, energy storage station sites may not even be able to accommodate firewalls while meeting fire access and maintenance distance requirements. Therefore, proactive preventative technologies are urgently needed to scientifically reduce fire separation distances while ensuring building safety. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the issue that existing electrochemical energy storage power stations require significant space for firewalls, this application provides a temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls. The specific technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0005] A temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls, applied to the exterior wall of a building adjacent to an electrochemical energy storage power station, includes: a water distribution pipe, an incremental valve, a temperature control valve, and several nozzles. The inlet end of the water distribution pipe is connected to an external water supply source, and the outlet ends of the water distribution pipe are connected to the nozzles. The nozzles are arranged on the exterior wall of the building and face downwards. When the water distribution pipe is open, the nozzles form a water curtain between the electrochemical energy storage power station and the building. The incremental valve is installed on the water distribution pipe and is controlled by the temperature control valve. The temperature control valve is installed on the water distribution pipe and automatically opens when the ambient temperature reaches a set value, and the incremental valve then supplies water to the unit and sends a water flow signal. When the temperature drops, the valve closes, and the unit stops water supply, achieving single-point control, thereby controlling the spraying unit of each water curtain device.

[0006] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water curtain device also includes a solenoid valve installed on the water distribution pipeline. The solenoid valve receives control signals from the external fire control room. When the temperature control valve automatically closes, the solenoid valve can also be remotely opened to control the water supply network of the control unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water curtain device also includes a manual valve installed on the water distribution pipeline, which is used to manually open the control unit's pipeline water supply on-site.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a signal valve installed on the water distribution pipeline. The signal valve and the temperature control valve control the opening or closing of the water distribution pipeline, respectively. The signal valve is connected to the alarm system of the corresponding electrochemical energy storage power station and is used to mark the status of the valve at the front end of the water distribution pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a flow switch installed on the water distribution pipe, which is used to detect the water flow status of the water distribution pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a pressure gauge installed on the water distribution pipe, which is used to test and observe the water supply pressure of the water distribution pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a drain valve installed on the water distribution pipe, which is located on the ground and is used to drain the water in the water distribution pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the nozzle spacing is variable, and the nozzle height is set at 3-8 meters.

[0013] Furthermore, the nozzle is an open nozzle or a water curtain nozzle.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, by installing a temperature-controlled water curtain device on the exterior wall of a building adjacent to an electrochemical energy storage power station, can generate a continuous and uniform water curtain barrier when flames from the energy storage power station spread to the building's exterior wall. This reduces the requirements for firewall installation and effectively prevents the spread of fire, and has the following advantages:

[0015] (1) Blocking radiant heat: Battery fires have extremely strong heat radiation, which is the main factor that ignites adjacent buildings. Water curtains absorb and scatter heat through continuous water flow, reducing the radiant heat flux to below the critical value and preventing the exterior wall temperature of adjacent buildings from rising to the ignition point.

[0016] (2) Cooling surface: Even if there is radiant heat penetration, the continuous flushing of the water curtain on the exterior walls of adjacent units can also play a cooling role, ensuring that the wall itself does not become a secondary heat source.

[0017] (3) Suppressing flame invasion: If flames enter the fire unit through doors and windows, the water curtain can act as a barrier and suppress flames to prevent them from directly entering the building.

[0018] (4) By cooling the fire environment, the water curtain can reduce the temperature of the area, creating safer conditions and longer working time for firefighters to approach the fire scene for fire fighting and rescue (such as using water cannons, demolition, etc.). Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a temperature-controlled water curtain device in one embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic elevation view of a temperature-controlled water curtain device in one embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of a temperature-controlled water curtain device in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the directional terms such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation and positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of this application.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features. Thus, the use of "first" or "second" to define a feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of this application, "at least" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," and "joining" shall be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may also refer to a mechanical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; or they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In the application, unless otherwise specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "below," and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Above," "below," and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0027] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates specific embodiments of this application, making the technical solution and its beneficial effects clearer and more explicit. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, but should not be construed as limiting it.

[0028] Electrochemical energy storage power station: An energy storage power station that uses electrochemical energy storage media for electrical energy storage. Electrochemical energy storage types mainly include lithium-ion battery energy storage, lead-acid / lead-carbon battery energy storage, flow battery energy storage, sodium-ion battery energy storage, water electrolysis hydrogen production / fuel cell energy storage, etc., among which lithium-ion battery energy storage is currently the most widely used technology. Prefabricated battery compartment: A prefabricated compartment used to house the electrochemical energy storage battery system, mainly composed of battery arrays, battery management systems, auxiliary systems, and converters (optional). Prefabricated compartment-type energy storage power station: An energy storage power station composed of prefabricated battery compartments, power distribution facilities, etc.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a temperature-controlled water curtain device for a building exterior wall is applied to the exterior wall of a building adjacent to an electrochemical energy storage power station. It includes: a water distribution pipe 1, an incremental valve 2, a temperature control valve 3, and several nozzles 4. The inlet end of the water distribution pipe 1 is connected to an external water supply source, and the outlet end of the water distribution pipe 1 is connected to the nozzles 4. The water distribution pipe 1 is a system of nozzle pipes of different shapes and lengths, which are opened and closed by different control valves. The nozzles 4 are arranged on the exterior wall of the building and face downwards. When the water distribution pipe 1 is open, the nozzles 4 form a water curtain between the electrochemical energy storage power station and the building. The incremental valve 2 is installed on the water distribution pipe 1 and is controlled by the temperature control valve 3. When the ambient temperature reaches the opening temperature, the temperature control valve 3 automatically opens, and the incremental valve 2 supplies water to the operating unit network and simultaneously outputs a water flow action signal. The temperature control valve 3 is installed on the water distribution pipe 1; when the temperature control valve 3 closes, the water supply to the water distribution pipe 1 also automatically closes, thereby controlling the spraying unit of each water curtain device.

[0030] As one embodiment, the temperature-controlled water curtain device also includes a solenoid valve 5 installed on the water distribution pipe 1. The solenoid valve 5 is remotely controlled by the fire control room. When the temperature control valve 3 is automatically closed, the solenoid valve 5 can also be remotely opened to control the water supply of the control unit network.

[0031] As one embodiment, the temperature-controlled water curtain device also includes a manual valve 6 installed on the water distribution pipe 1, wherein the manual valve 6, the solenoid valve 5, and the temperature control valve 3 respectively control the opening or closing of the water distribution pipe 1.

[0032] In one embodiment, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a signal valve 7 installed on the water distribution pipeline 1. The signal valve 7 and the temperature control valve 3 control the opening or closing of the water distribution pipeline 1, respectively. The signal valve 7 is connected to the alarm system of the corresponding electrochemical energy storage power station and is used to mark the status of the valve at the front end of the water distribution pipeline.

[0033] As one embodiment, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a flow switch 8 installed on the water distribution pipe 1, the flow switch 8 being used to detect the water flow status of the water distribution pipe 1.

[0034] In one embodiment, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a drain valve 9 installed on the water distribution pipe 1. The drain valve 9 is located on the ground and is used to drain the water in the water distribution pipe 1.

[0035] As one embodiment, the temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a pressure gauge 10 installed on the water distribution pipe 1, which is used to test and observe the water supply pressure of the water distribution pipe 1.

[0036] In one embodiment, the nozzle 4 has a variable spacing setting, and the nozzle 4 is set at a height of 3-8 meters.

[0037] In one embodiment, the nozzle 4 is an open nozzle 4 or a water curtain nozzle 4.

[0038] This invention relates to the construction of a temperature-controlled water curtain barrier that can be actively activated and deactivated on the exterior wall of an electrochemical energy storage power station. It is used to rapidly cool the exterior walls and windows of the building under accident conditions, suppress heat radiation and the accumulation of combustible gases, reduce the risk of heat failure and secondary ignition of the exterior walls, and create a safe working surface for fire rescue.

[0039] According to the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" GB50016-2014 (2018 edition), the fire separation distance requirements are as follows: Without special measures, the fire separation distance between Class A and Class B factory buildings should not be less than 12 meters; when fire-resistant water curtains are installed at the openings of doors and windows on adjacent, higher exterior walls, the fire separation distance between Class A and Class B factory buildings should not be less than 6 meters. Currently, there is no universally accepted standard for classifying the fire hazard of lithium batteries; Class B is generally used as a reference. Temperature-controlled water curtains are suitable for the exterior walls of factory-type energy storage power stations such as lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries, serving as an engineering compensation measure when the overall planar spacing is insufficient or the surrounding environment is sensitive. The exterior wall material should be non-combustible, and the fire resistance time of the wall itself should generally not be less than 4 hours (generally, aerated concrete bricks can meet this requirement), and the sum of the opening areas should not exceed 5% of the total exterior wall area. When regulations or inspections require spacing or firewalls, water curtains can serve as a supplementary means to effectively reduce fire separation distances.

[0040] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, the minimum distance between the integrated energy storage cabinet 11 and the adjacent building is 11062mm, and the area in between is also occupied by the fire escape route. Conventionally setting up a solid firewall would affect the fire escape route or the opening of the cabinet for maintenance. The adjacent building is a Class C multi-story factory building, and the fire separation distance should not be less than 20 meters. Using an external wall temperature-controlled water curtain system will effectively reduce the fire separation distance (the actual fire separation distance should not be less than 10 meters).

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external wall temperature-controlled water curtain system. The temperature-controlled protective cooling water curtain spray system adopts a temporary high-pressure system, and the water is connected from the original automatic sprinkler system, fire hydrant system or reliable fire water source in the factory area.

[0042] The nozzle 4 of the temperature-controlled protective cooling water curtain spray system is installed at a height of 3-8 meters. When the installation height is 4m to 8m, a fast-response sprinkler head should be used with a flow coefficient K=80. The minimum working pressure of nozzle 4 is 0.10MPa. The continuous spraying time should not be less than the fire resistance limit requirement of the system installation location. The duration of this building is considered to be 3 hours.

[0043] Due to the fire characteristics of lithium batteries, reignition may occur if thermal runaway is not fully completed, even though the energy storage cabinet 11 has multiple fire suppression measures inside. From the surface of the fire, the thermal runaway of the lithium battery produces flammable gas that overflows and generates flames on the outer surface of the battery compartment. These flames may be temporarily extinguished due to the suppression by internal gas or water media, but reignition may occur due to incomplete thermal runaway. When the external wall temperature exceeds the set opening value of the temperature control valve 3, the temperature control valve 3 automatically opens, driving the incremental valve 2 to automatically spray water for fire extinguishing. At the same time, by opening the delayed-closing solenoid valve 5, even if the external wall temperature drops and the temperature control valve 3 closes, the system will maintain water spraying for at least 10 minutes (adjustable) because the solenoid valve 5 is still open. When the temperature falls below the set closing value of the temperature control valve, the temperature control valve 3 automatically closes, and the solenoid valve 5 closes, after which the system stops spraying water. When the open flame outside the battery compartment reignites, the system automatically starts operating again, thus achieving automatic start and stop and repeating the operation.

[0044] Because the building's exterior walls are made of non-combustible materials, the fire resistance time of the walls themselves is generally no less than 4 hours (which can generally be met by aerated concrete bricks), and the sum of the opening areas does not exceed 5% of the total area of ​​the exterior walls. In this case, the addition of a temperature-controlled water curtain will effectively reduce the fire separation distance.

[0045] When a building is equipped with an automatic fire alarm system, the temperature-controlled water curtain system can be included in the system monitoring scope through flow switches or similar devices. If necessary, the building's fire control room can also remotely and actively activate the temperature-controlled water curtain.

[0046] From a protective cooling perspective, this device achieves intermittent activation of water spray cooling protection, precisely matching the reignition characteristics of lithium battery fires. It provides protection while preventing excessive water loss and minimizing the need for additional fire water tank volume.

[0047] Installation structure:

[0048] (1) Water source: The existing fire protection pipe network in the plant area should be used reasonably to ensure that the water volume and pressure continuously meet the design requirements. For renovation projects, a new backup water source (fire water tank + pump set) should be built if conditions permit. The pump set should use a dedicated fire water pump with automatic, manual and mechanical emergency start functions, and be equipped with a pressure stabilizing device to maintain the normal pressure of the pipe network and ensure that the system can be started reliably at any time. When the municipal pipe network can simultaneously guarantee the maximum hourly domestic and production water consumption and the system flow and water supply pressure, the municipal pipe network can be used for direct water supply, but a backflow preventer should be installed on the connection pipe with the municipal pipe network.

[0049] (2) Sprinkler Nozzle 4 and its Arrangement: Open sprinkler nozzles 4 / water curtain sprinkler nozzles 4 are used, arranged in a strip along the top of the exterior wall and the upper 1 / 3 of its height to form a continuous water curtain; the spacing and flow rate of sprinkler nozzles 4 are calculated and determined according to the target water curtain thickness and coverage width to ensure that the spacing and angle of sprinkler nozzles 4 are accurate. After construction, a water test is required to visually observe whether the water curtain is complete, continuous and uninterrupted. The spacing and strength of the supports must meet the specifications to prevent pipe vibration and deformation.

[0050] (3) Control and linkage: The combination of temperature control valve 3, incremental valve 2, solenoid valve 5 and manual valve 6 can realize automatic start and manual start; it can form a pre-linkage with the automatic fire alarm system and combustible gas detector in the integrated energy storage station, and can also detect on its own to realize rapid response and zone start and stop.

[0051] (5) Triggering conditions: When the temperature near the exterior wall reaches the set value, the system automatically generates a water curtain.

[0052] (6) Operation mode: In the early stage of an accident, continuous water curtain cooling and explosion suppression are the main methods; in the decay stage, it can be switched to intermittent / pulse mode to take into account both cooling and water saving requirements.

[0053] (7) Materials and weather resistance

[0054] Weather-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials should be selected. Water distribution pipes should preferably be made of hot-dip galvanized steel pipes (both inner and outer walls), stainless steel pipes, copper pipes, coated steel pipes, or chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) pipes, and should comply with the requirements of GB 50084. Sprinkler heads and valves should be dustproof and salt spray resistant.

[0055] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, by installing a temperature-controlled water curtain device on the exterior wall of a building adjacent to an electrochemical energy storage power station, can generate a continuous and uniform water curtain barrier when flames from the energy storage power station spread to the building's exterior wall. This reduces the requirements for firewall installation and effectively prevents the spread of fire, and has the following advantages:

[0056] (1) Blocking radiant heat: Battery fires have extremely strong heat radiation, which is the main factor that ignites adjacent buildings. Water curtains absorb and scatter heat through continuous water flow, reducing the radiant heat flux to below the critical value and preventing the exterior wall temperature of adjacent buildings from rising to the ignition point.

[0057] (2) Cooling surface: Even if there is radiant heat penetration, the continuous flushing of the water curtain on the exterior walls of adjacent units can also play a cooling role, ensuring that the wall itself does not become a secondary heat source.

[0058] (3) Suppressing flame invasion: If flames enter the fire unit through doors and windows, the water curtain can act as a barrier and suppress flames to prevent them from directly entering the building.

[0059] (4) By cooling the fire environment, the water curtain can reduce the temperature of the area, creating safer conditions and longer working time for firefighters to approach the fire scene for fire fighting and rescue (such as using water cannons, demolition, etc.).

[0060] The "external wall temperature-controlled water curtain device" is an innovative, proactive fire protection technology. By constructing an automatically triggered "water wall," it fundamentally changes the passive approach of relying solely on distance for fire prevention. With rigorous performance-based design, high-quality installation, and standardized maintenance, this device provides solid technical support for scientifically and rationally reducing fire separation distances for electrochemical energy storage power stations, and is of great significance for promoting the safe and intensive development of the energy storage industry.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the terms "in one embodiment," "preferred," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative expressions of the above terms in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The connection methods linked in the description of this specification have significant effects and practical utility.

[0062] Based on the above description of the structure and principles, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Improvements and substitutions made using techniques known in the art based on this application all fall within the protection scope of this application and should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls, applied to the exterior walls of buildings adjacent to electrochemical energy storage power stations, characterized in that, include: The system includes a water distribution pipe, an incremental valve, a temperature control valve, and several sprinklers. The inlet end of the water distribution pipe is connected to an external water supply source, and the outlet end of the water distribution pipe is connected to the sprinklers. The sprinklers are arranged on the exterior wall of the building and face downwards. When the water distribution pipe is open, the sprinklers form a water curtain between the electrochemical energy storage power station and the building. The incremental valve is installed on the water distribution pipe and is used to control the water supply of each sprinkler unit network. The temperature control valve is installed on the water distribution pipe and is used to open or close the water distribution pipe according to the temperature of the exterior wall of the building.

2. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water curtain device also includes a solenoid valve installed on the water distribution pipeline. The solenoid valve and the temperature control valve control the opening or closing of the water distribution pipeline, respectively. The solenoid valve receives control signals from the external fire control room.

3. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water curtain device also includes a manual valve installed on the water distribution pipeline. The manual valve, solenoid valve, and temperature control valve control the opening or closing of the water distribution pipeline, respectively.

4. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a signal valve installed on the water distribution pipeline. The signal valve and the temperature control valve control the opening or closing of the water distribution pipeline, respectively. The signal valve is connected to the alarm system of an external electrochemical energy storage power station and is used to mark the status of the valve at the front end of the water distribution pipeline.

5. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a flow switch installed on the water distribution pipe, which is used to detect the water flow status of the water distribution pipe.

6. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a pressure gauge installed on the water distribution pipeline, which is used to test and observe the water supply pressure of the water distribution pipeline.

7. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water curtain device includes a drain valve installed on the water distribution pipe. The drain valve is located on the ground and is used to drain the water in the water distribution pipe.

8. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzles are configured with variable spacing, and the nozzles are configured at a height of 3-8 meters.

9. The temperature-controlled water curtain device for building exterior walls according to claim 8, characterized in that, The nozzle is an open nozzle or a water curtain nozzle.

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