A smelting furnace explosion venting device and smelting furnace
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522629838.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-11
AI Technical Summary
然而，在高温熔炼过程中，因剧烈化学反应、水汽急剧汽化或可燃气体/粉尘积聚，炉内容易发生瞬时超压，对设备构成严重威胁
[0023]本申请提供的熔炼炉泄爆装置包括泄爆通道、转动支架和连接杆，泄爆通道具有相互连通的进气口和泄爆口，进气口用于与熔炼炉的炉体连通，泄爆口用于进行泄压泄爆；转动支架设置在泄爆通道外，连接杆的第一端设置有密封盖，连接杆的第二端设置有配重块，且连接杆的中间位置通过转轴与转动支架铰接，从而形成机械式平衡系统；在熔炼炉内压力维持正常状态的情况下，熔炼炉泄爆装置处于非泄爆工况，密封盖在自重作用下可封堵在泄爆口处，以维持熔炼炉炉体内的封闭环境，防止热量损失和气体泄漏，避免影响熔炼炉的熔炼；在熔炼炉内压力骤升的情况下，熔炼炉泄爆装置处于泄爆工况，密封盖在配重块的重力和泄爆通道内压力的作用下绕转动支架转动与泄爆口分离，以使泄爆口与外界连通进行泄爆。
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Figure CN224920895U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of smelting technology, and more specifically, to a smelting furnace explosion relief device and a smelting furnace. Background Technology
[0002] In the metallurgical and casting industries, the smelting furnace, as the core equipment for metal smelting, is crucial for operational safety and process stability. However, during high-temperature smelting, intense chemical reactions, rapid vaporization of water vapor, or accumulation of combustible gases / dust can easily lead to instantaneous overpressure within the furnace, posing a serious threat to the equipment. Existing safety valves and pressure relief devices generally suffer from inherent defects such as delayed response. Their opening mechanisms are ill-suited to the dynamic conditions of high temperature and high pressure, resulting in the inability to quickly relieve pressure when it instantaneously exceeds limits, which can easily lead to structural damage to the furnace or even an explosion. Furthermore, this lag in pressure control exacerbates pressure fluctuations within the furnace, disrupting the stability of the smelting process, leading to melt composition segregation, and ultimately reducing product quality.
[0003] Therefore, how to overcome the bottleneck of response delay and achieve instantaneous and precise opening of the explosion relief device of the smelting furnace has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a blast furnace explosion relief device to overcome the response delay bottleneck and achieve instantaneous and precise opening of the blast furnace explosion relief device.
[0005] Another object of this application is to provide a smelting furnace including the above-mentioned smelting furnace explosion relief device.
[0006] A furnace explosion relief device, comprising:
[0007] The explosion venting channel has an interconnected air inlet and an explosion vent, with the air inlet used to connect to the furnace body of the smelting furnace.
[0008] The rotating support is located outside the explosion relief channel.
[0009] The connecting rod has a sealing cap at its first end and a counterweight at its second end. The middle part of the connecting rod is hinged to the rotating bracket.
[0010] When the explosion venting device of the smelting furnace is in a non-explosion venting condition, the sealing cover is sealed at the explosion venting port under its own weight; when the explosion venting device of the smelting furnace is in an explosion venting condition, the sealing cover is separated from the explosion venting port under the weight of the counterweight and the pressure in the explosion venting channel, so that the explosion venting port can be connected to the outside for explosion venting.
[0011] In some embodiments, the explosion relief channel includes:
[0012] The first pipe section has an air inlet at its first end and is arranged in a horizontal direction.
[0013] The second pipe section has its first end connected to the second end of the first pipe section. The second end of the second pipe section is equipped with an explosion vent, and the second pipe section gradually slopes upward from the first end to the second end.
[0014] In some embodiments, the explosion vent is arranged at an angle of 30°-60° to the vertical direction.
[0015] In some embodiments, the end face of the vent is provided with a first sealing element for sealing connection with the sealing cover;
[0016] And / or, the sealing cap is provided with a second seal for sealing connection with the end face of the vent.
[0017] In some embodiments, the second end of the connecting rod is provided with one or more fixed positions, each fixed position being used to detachably connect to a counterweight.
[0018] In some embodiments, the first end of the connecting rod is detachably connected to the sealing cap.
[0019] In some embodiments, when the pressure in the explosion venting channel is less than Pa, the explosion venting device of the smelting furnace is in a non-explosion venting condition; when the pressure in the explosion venting channel is greater than or equal to Pa, the explosion venting device of the smelting furnace is in an explosion venting condition.
[0020] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the explosion venting channel is filled with a layer of castable refractory.
[0021] In some embodiments, a heat insulation layer is provided between the castable layer and the explosion venting channel.
[0022] A smelting furnace, comprising any of the above-mentioned smelting furnace explosion relief devices.
[0023] The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace provided in this application includes an explosion venting channel, a rotating support, and a connecting rod. The explosion venting channel has an inlet and an explosion vent that are interconnected. The inlet is used to communicate with the furnace body of the smelting furnace, and the explosion vent is used for pressure relief and explosion venting. The rotating support is located outside the explosion venting channel. A sealing cover is provided at the first end of the connecting rod, and a counterweight is provided at the second end of the connecting rod. The middle position of the connecting rod is hinged to the rotating support via a rotating shaft, thereby forming a mechanical balance system. When the pressure inside the smelting furnace is maintained at a normal state, the explosion venting device is in a non-explosion venting condition. The sealing cover can seal the explosion vent under its own weight to maintain a closed environment inside the smelting furnace, prevent heat loss and gas leakage, and avoid affecting the smelting process. When the pressure inside the smelting furnace suddenly increases, the explosion venting device is in an explosion venting condition. Under the action of the weight of the counterweight and the pressure inside the explosion venting channel, the sealing cover rotates around the rotating support and separates from the explosion vent, so that the explosion vent can communicate with the outside for explosion venting.
[0024] Compared to related technologies, the blast relief device for smelting furnaces provided in this application, through the design of a mechanical counterweight balancing system, achieves real-time monitoring and instantaneous response to the pressure inside the smelting furnace. This overcomes the response delay bottleneck of existing technologies, allowing for precise and rapid pressure relief at critical points of sudden pressure increases, effectively preventing furnace deformation or rupture due to overpressure. After pressure relief, the sealing cover automatically resets under its own weight, requiring no manual intervention and ensuring the continuity and safety of the smelting process. Even under harsh operating conditions with frequent pressure fluctuations, the blast relief device for smelting furnaces provided in this application can still maintain the furnace pressure stably within a preset safety threshold. This significantly reduces the risk of molten metal splashing and explosion, thereby effectively extending the service life of the smelting furnace and reducing maintenance costs and downtime losses. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion venting device for a smelting furnace disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion venting device for a smelting furnace disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .
[0028] Among them, 100 is the explosion relief channel, 101 is the castable layer, 102 is the heat insulation layer, 110 is the first pipe section, 111 is the air inlet, 120 is the second pipe section, 121 is the explosion relief port, 200 is the rotating support, 201 is the rotating shaft, 300 is the connecting rod, 400 is the sealing cover, 401 is the first sealing element, 500 is the counterweight block, and 600 is the furnace body. Detailed Implementation
[0029] This application discloses a blast furnace explosion relief device to overcome the response delay bottleneck and achieve instantaneous and precise activation of the blast furnace explosion relief device.
[0030] This application also discloses a smelting furnace that includes the aforementioned smelting furnace explosion relief device.
[0031] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments shown below do not limit the scope of the utility model as described in the claims. Additionally, the complete contents of the structures represented in the embodiments below are not limited to those necessary for the solution of the utility model as described in the claims. It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the utility model are shown in the drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.
[0032] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace disclosed in this application includes an explosion venting channel 100, a rotating support 200, and a connecting rod 300. The explosion venting channel 100 has an air inlet 111 and an explosion vent 121 that are interconnected. The air inlet 111 is used to communicate with the furnace body 600 of the smelting furnace, and the explosion vent 121 is used for pressure relief and explosion venting. The rotating support 200 is disposed outside the explosion venting channel 100. A sealing cover 400 is provided at the first end of the connecting rod 300, and a counterweight 500 is provided at the second end of the connecting rod 300. The middle position of the connecting rod 300 is hinged to the rotating support 200 through a rotating shaft 201, thereby forming a mechanical... The system is a type of balancing system. When the pressure inside the smelting furnace is maintained at a normal level, the smelting furnace explosion relief device is in a non-explosion relief condition. Under its own weight, the sealing cover 400 can seal the explosion relief port 121 to maintain a closed environment inside the smelting furnace body 600, prevent heat loss and gas leakage, and avoid affecting the smelting process. When the pressure inside the smelting furnace rises suddenly, the smelting furnace explosion relief device is in an explosion relief condition. Under the action of the weight of the counterweight 500 and the pressure inside the explosion relief channel 100, the sealing cover 400 rotates around the rotating bracket 200 and separates from the explosion relief port 121, so that the explosion relief port 121 can be connected to the outside for explosion relief.
[0033] Compared to existing technologies, the smelting furnace explosion relief device disclosed in this application, through the design of a mechanical counterweight balancing system, achieves real-time monitoring and instantaneous response to the pressure inside the smelting furnace, breaking through the response delay bottleneck of existing technologies. It can precisely and quickly open for pressure relief at the critical point of a sudden pressure surge, effectively preventing the furnace body 600 from deforming or rupturing due to overpressure. After pressure relief is completed, the sealing cover 400 can automatically reset under its own weight, requiring no manual intervention, ensuring the continuity and safety of the smelting process. Based on pressure testing and simulation experiments, the smelting furnace explosion relief device disclosed in this application can still stably maintain the furnace pressure within a preset safety threshold under harsh operating conditions with frequent pressure fluctuations. This significantly reduces the risk of molten metal splashing and explosion, thereby effectively extending the service life of the smelting furnace and reducing maintenance costs and downtime losses.
[0034] Specifically, the explosion venting device for the smelting furnace disclosed in this application can be fixed to the upper part of the furnace door of the smelting furnace body 600 by welding, screwing, or other methods. The cross-section of the explosion venting channel 100 can be regular or irregular in shape, such as circular or rectangular. The sealing cover 400 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the explosion venting channel 100 to reliably seal the explosion venting channel 100. The explosion venting channel 100 can be made of various materials such as carbon steel, stainless steel, or composite materials, and its nominal diameter can be designed to be 273mm or adapted to other specifications according to actual working conditions. The connecting rod 300, rotating bracket 200, and rotating shaft 201 can be made of corrosion-resistant Hastelloy, titanium alloy, or other alloy materials to ensure long-term stable operation under complex working conditions. The rotating bracket 200 and the outer wall of the explosion venting channel 100 can be fixed by screwing, welding, or other methods.
[0035] Furthermore, a protective cover can be installed at the rotating shaft 201 to prevent splashed molten metal, dust and other impurities from falling onto the rotating shaft 201 and affecting the free rotation of the counterweight mechanical balance structure.
[0036] In some embodiments disclosed in this application, the explosion relief channel 100 includes a first pipe section 110 and a second pipe section 120. The first end of the first pipe section 110 is provided with the aforementioned air inlet 111, and the first pipe section 110 is arranged in a horizontal direction to facilitate assembly with the furnace body 600. The first end of the second pipe section 120 is connected to the second end of the first pipe section 110, and the second end of the second pipe section 120 is provided with the aforementioned explosion relief port 121. The second pipe section 120 gradually slopes upward from the first end to the second end. The inclined arrangement of the second pipe section 120 can effectively reduce the splashing distance of molten metal, ensure production safety, reduce the damage and maintenance frequency of the smelting furnace and its surrounding equipment, extend the life of the furnace body 600, and reduce maintenance costs and downtime losses.
[0037] In actual use, the explosion vent 121 can be arranged at an angle of 30°-60° to the vertical direction. Figure 2The illustration shows an embodiment in which the explosion vent 121 is arranged at a 45° angle to the vertical direction. In this embodiment, under non-explosion venting conditions, the sealing cover 400 can reliably press against the end face of the explosion vent 121 by its own weight, thereby achieving a seal and preventing heat loss and gas leakage within the furnace body 600, thus avoiding affecting the normal operation of the smelting furnace. At the same time, the inclined arrangement of the explosion vent 121 can effectively reduce the splashing distance of molten metal, thereby preventing premature damage to the smelting furnace and ensuring production safety.
[0038] Combination Figure 2 The first end of the first pipe section 110 can be fixed to the furnace body 600 of the smelting furnace by means of welding, bolt connection or other methods. The second end of the first pipe section 110 and the first end of the second pipe section 120 can be fixed to each other by means of bolt connection or welding or other methods. This application does not limit this.
[0039] To ensure a tight seal, combined Figure 2 In some embodiments, the end face of the explosion vent 121 is provided with a first sealing element 401 for sealing connection with the sealing cover 400 and a first sealing groove for partial embedding of the first sealing element 401. Under non-explosion venting conditions, the first sealing element 401 can be deformed by the self-weight of the sealing cover 400 to fill the tiny gaps and unevenness between the end face of the explosion vent 121 and the sealing cover 400, thereby effectively blocking the leakage of gas at the explosion vent 121 and ensuring the airtightness of the smelting furnace; or, a second sealing element for sealing connection with the end face of the explosion vent 121 and a second sealing groove for partial embedding of the second sealing element are provided on the sealing cover 400, thereby achieving a reliable seal between the sealing cover 400 and the explosion vent 121 through the provision of the second sealing element.
[0040] The first sealing element 401 and the second sealing element mentioned above can be provided together. Specifically, the first sealing element 401 and the second sealing element can be a sealing rope, a refractory fiber blanket, etc. The sealing rope can tightly fill irregular gaps and adapt to the dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the explosion relief channel 100 and the sealing cover 400 to form a reliable sealing barrier, effectively preventing the leakage of high-temperature gas, molten medium or dust, and ensuring the safety and environmental friendliness of the smelting furnace operation. The flexibility and heat insulation performance of the refractory fiber blanket can ensure the flat fit of the sealing cover 400 when it is closed, and at the same time, it not only ensures the sealing effect, but also significantly reduces heat loss.
[0041] Those skilled in the art will understand that the weight of the counterweight 500 will affect the opening pressure of the sealing cover 400. Therefore, by adjusting the number or weight of the counterweight 500, a pressure relief threshold can be set, thereby adjusting the pressure response point of the furnace explosion relief device according to different smelting processes. Therefore, in some embodiments disclosed in this application, the second end of the connecting rod 300 is provided with one or more fixed positions, each fixed position being used to detachably connect a counterweight 500, thereby adjusting the pressure relief threshold by replacing counterweights 500 of different weights or by increasing or decreasing the number of counterweights 500.
[0042] The counterweight 500 and the connecting rod 300 can be detachably connected in various ways. For example, a screw is inserted through the second end of the connecting rod 300, and a connecting hole is provided in the counterweight 500. After the screw passes through the connecting hole, a nut is tightened to fix the counterweight 500. Alternatively, a slot is provided at each fixing position of the connecting rod 300, and the counterweight 500 is configured as a two-part split structure connected by bolts. This allows for a detachable connection with the connecting rod 300 by clamping the two halves of the counterweight 500 into the slots and then fixing them with bolts. For example, the weight of the counterweight 500 can be set within the range of 0.5 kg to 1.0 kg. This weight range provides a suitable adjustment torque, ensuring the stability and responsiveness of the counterweight-based mechanical balancing system. Of course, counterweights of other weights can be selected according to specific equipment specifications and operating conditions; this application does not specifically limit this.
[0043] In other embodiments, the first end of the connecting rod 300 is detachably connected to the sealing cap 400, thereby adjusting the pressure relief threshold of the vent 121 by replacing the sealing cap 400 with one of different weights.
[0044] For example, the pressure relief threshold of the explosion vent 121 can be set to 100 Pa. That is, when the pressure in the explosion vent channel 100 is less than 100 Pa, the explosion venting device of the smelting furnace is in a non-explosion venting condition; when the pressure in the explosion vent channel 100 is greater than or equal to 100 Pa, the explosion venting device of the smelting furnace is in an explosion venting condition. This allows the explosion vent 121 to open immediately when the furnace pressure exceeds 100 Pa, effectively preventing deformation or cracking of the furnace body 600 and ensuring the uniformity of the smelting process and the consistency of the product. The pressure relief threshold of the explosion vent 121 can also be designed to other values according to the operating conditions, which is not limited in this application.
[0045] To ensure the structural integrity and long-term service stability of the explosion vent 100 under the scouring of high-temperature flue gas, a layer of refractory castable 101 can be cast onto the inner wall of the explosion vent 100 as a working lining. This castable 101 can effectively insulate against high temperatures, significantly enhancing the high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the explosion vent 100. Specifically, a medium-strength castable can be selected to ensure sufficient refractoriness while also providing thermal insulation. Additionally, a castable 101 or other thermal insulation layer can also be provided on the side wall of the sealing cover 400 facing the explosion vent 121 to ensure thermal insulation and long-term service stability.
[0046] To further optimize thermal performance and reduce energy consumption, a heat insulation layer 102 can be installed between the castable layer 101 and the explosion relief channel 100. This heat insulation layer 102 can be made of flexible insulation materials such as ceramic fiber cotton and rock wool. Its low thermal conductivity can significantly reduce heat loss through the explosion relief channel 100 and reduce the outer wall temperature of the explosion relief channel 100. This not only improves the thermal safety of the working environment but also reduces energy loss and improves the thermal efficiency of the smelting furnace, ensuring the uniformity of the smelting process and the consistency of the products.
[0047] The smelting furnace disclosed in this application includes the above-mentioned smelting furnace explosion relief device, and therefore also has the above-mentioned structure and beneficial effects. Other structures refer to related technologies and will not be described in detail here.
[0048] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units may include steps or units not listed, but rather steps or units not listed. Additionally, in the description of embodiments in this application, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Specific technical means in some embodiments may be incorporated, in whole or in part, into another embodiment unless explicitly excluded by another embodiment. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A blast relief device for a smelting furnace, characterized in that, include: An explosion relief channel (100) has an air inlet (111) and an explosion relief port (121) that are connected to each other. The air inlet (111) is used to communicate with the furnace body (600) of the smelting furnace. A rotating bracket (200) is disposed outside the explosion relief channel (100); A connecting rod (300) is provided with a sealing cap (400) at its first end and a counterweight (500) at its second end. The middle position of the connecting rod (300) is hinged to the rotating bracket (200). When the blast furnace explosion venting device is in a non-explosion venting condition, the sealing cover (400) seals the explosion vent (121) under its own weight; when the blast furnace explosion venting device is in an explosion venting condition, the sealing cover (400) separates from the explosion vent (121) under the weight of the counterweight (500) and the pressure inside the explosion venting channel (100), so that the explosion vent (121) can communicate with the outside world for explosion venting.
2. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion relief channel (100) includes: The first pipe section (110) has an air inlet (111) at its first end, and the first pipe section (110) is arranged in a horizontal direction. The second pipe section (120) has its first end connected to the second end of the first pipe section (110). The second end of the second pipe section (120) is provided with the explosion vent (121), and the second pipe section (120) gradually tilts upward from the first end to the second end.
3. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The explosion vent (121) is arranged at an angle of 30°-60° to the vertical direction.
4. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end face of the explosion vent (121) is provided with a first sealing element (401) for sealing connection with the sealing cover (400). And / or, the sealing cap (400) is provided with a second seal for sealing connection with the end face of the vent (121).
5. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the connecting rod (300) is provided with one or more fixed positions, each of the fixed positions being used to detachably connect one of the counterweights (500).
6. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first end of the connecting rod (300) is detachably connected to the sealing cap (400).
7. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the pressure in the explosion relief channel (100) is less than 100 Pa, the explosion relief device of the smelting furnace is in the non-explosion relief condition; when the pressure in the explosion relief channel (100) is greater than or equal to 100 Pa, the explosion relief device of the smelting furnace is in the explosion relief condition.
8. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the explosion relief channel (100) is filled with a layer of castable material (101).
9. The explosion venting device for a smelting furnace as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A heat insulation layer (102) is provided between the castable refractory layer (101) and the explosion relief channel (100).
10. A smelting furnace, characterized in that, Includes the blast furnace explosion relief device as described in any one of claims 1-9.