Array type multi-point displacement meter and structure deformation monitoring system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of displacement meter, specifically to an array type multi-point displacement meter, which is composed of at least two displacement meter units through mechanical structure and electrical connecting pieces in a head-to-tail mode to form a distributed monitoring array. The displacement meter unit comprises a mounting sleeve, a displacement sensor, a measuring rod and a data main cable. The displacement sensor and the measuring rod are fixed to the upper end seat and the lower end seat respectively, integrating axial linear displacement measurement and three-axis inclination angle sensing. A plurality of displacement meters can be connected in series to form a distributed monitoring array through flanges and cable connecting pieces. The array can perform high-precision, multi-point, dense-interval and full-section continuous axial displacement and axial deflection deformation synchronous monitoring on long measuring lines of structures such as concrete anti-seepage core walls, concrete face rockfill dams, earth-rock filling bodies and the like. The array has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, good waterproof performance, high reliability, simple installation, long-term stability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of displacement meter technology, specifically to an array-type multi-point displacement meter. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower, and civil engineering projects, long-term and accurate monitoring of the internal displacement of large-volume concrete structures and earth-rock fill is crucial. Such structures are prone to uneven deformation and even cracks under the influence of factors such as temperature changes, shrinkage, creep or foundation settlement, which threatens the safety of the project.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used monitoring equipment in this field mainly includes parallel multi-point displacement gauges and electromagnetic settlement meters. Parallel multi-point displacement gauges have multiple measuring points within a single borehole, but the number of measuring points is limited (usually 3-6), and the spacing is relatively large, making it difficult to capture continuous deformation details along the entire length of the measuring line and accurately determine the specific location of cracks. While electromagnetic settlement meters can measure more locations, they require manual operation and cannot achieve automated real-time monitoring; furthermore, their measurement accuracy is relatively low. In addition, structural deformation is typically three-dimensional, and existing axial displacement monitoring equipment generally cannot simultaneously measure the radial deflection (i.e., horizontal displacement) that occurs during the displacement process. To obtain radial displacement information, it is usually necessary to drill another borehole nearby and install an inclinometer, which not only increases engineering costs and construction complexity but also makes data fusion and analysis difficult due to the different measuring point locations, making it difficult to comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall deformation state of the structure.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an integrated monitoring device that can perform high-precision, multi-point, close-spaced, and automated monitoring of continuous displacement along a long measuring line, and can simultaneously acquire axial and radial displacement information. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an array-type multi-point displacement meter to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] An array-type multi-point displacement meter comprises at least two displacement meter units connected end-to-end by a mechanical structure and electrical connectors to form a distributed monitoring array. The displacement meter unit includes: The mounting sleeve constitutes the main structure of the displacement gauge unit; The displacement sensor is fixed inside the upper end of the mounting sleeve. The detection circuit board of the displacement sensor integrates a triaxial accelerometer for synchronously measuring the angles of the central axis of the displacement meter unit tilted towards two mutually perpendicular radial directions. The measuring rod is fixed to the lower end of the movable pull rod of the displacement sensor; The main data cable is arranged along its entire length inside the mounting sleeve, with both ends extending out of the mounting sleeve through waterproof outlet ports and connected to cable connectors. The power supply and data signal lines of the displacement sensor are connected in parallel to the main data cable.

[0007] Preferably, the mounting sleeve includes: casing; The lower end seat is slidably connected to the outside of the lower end of the sleeve; And an upper end seat, which is slidably connected to the outside of the upper end of the sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, two to four waterproof sealing rings are provided between the lower end seat and the sleeve, and between the upper end seat and the sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the displacement sensor is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the upper base, and the displacement sensor is a magnetic grating displacement sensor, and the measuring rod is fixed inside the upper end of the lower base.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the lower end seat is provided with a first flange for connecting to an adjacent displacement gauge unit, and a blocking plate is fixed at the lower end of the first flange. A sealed cavity for accommodating the cable connector is spaced between the lower end seat and the interior of the first flange. The upper end of the upper end seat is provided with a second flange for connecting to an adjacent displacement gauge unit.

[0011] Preferably, in two adjacent displacement gauge units, the first flange of the lower end seat of the upper displacement gauge unit and the second flange of the upper end seat of the lower displacement gauge unit are fixedly connected by fasteners and a sealing gasket disposed therebetween, and the cable connector of the upper displacement gauge unit and the cable connector of the lower displacement gauge unit are mated in the sealed cavity.

[0012] A structural deformation monitoring system employs an array-type multi-point displacement meter as described above. The array-type multi-point displacement meter is embedded in a concrete structure or earth-fill body and is connected to a remote data acquisition and analysis system via the main data cable.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The multi-point displacement gauge of this application adopts a modular design, which can be composed of multiple such displacement gauge units connected in series to form a measurement array. Adjacent displacement gauges are connected by flanges and gaskets, and the main data cable is connected end to end by a cable connector, which facilitates construction, installation and expansion. This enables high-precision, multi-point, close-spaced, and full-section automated monitoring of the continuous axial displacement of long sections of large-sized structures such as the vertical deformation of concrete seepage-proof core walls, the axial deformation of rockfill dam panels, or the settlement displacement of earth-rock fill bodies. It can accurately capture the deformation distribution of the entire measurement line and further analyze and infer the possible crack locations. 2. By integrating a triaxial accelerometer on the detection circuit board of the displacement sensor, the array-type multi-point displacement meter of this application can simultaneously measure the axial tilt and calculate the deflection deformation of the measuring line based on the axial tilt angle, without the need to set up a separate row of inclinometers. 3. Multiple displacement sensors connected in parallel to the main data cable are powered by a data main cable connected end to end. The data of each displacement sensor is collected and transmitted sequentially in a dual-control trigger mode of polling and equal time interval. The failure of a single sensor does not affect the data collection and transmission of other sensors. The main data cable is completely enclosed inside the equipment and will not be damaged due to construction interference. It also greatly avoids or reduces the impact of external environmental factors, resulting in high safety and reliability, which is conducive to the long-term survival and normal operation of the equipment. 4. The displacement gauge of the present invention adopts a stainless steel shell and a multi-layer waterproof sealing structure, which has excellent waterproof performance and corrosion resistance, and can be used for long-term automated monitoring of continuous displacement in various harsh environments, especially high water pressure environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 100-displacement gauge unit, 1-sleeve, 2-lower end seat, 3-upper end seat, 4-displacement sensor, 5-measuring rod, 6-data main cable, 7-cable connector, 8-blocking plate, 9-waterproof sealing ring, 10-sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Please see Figure 1 An array-type multi-point displacement meter, consisting of at least two displacement meter units 100 connected end-to-end by a mechanical structure and electrical connectors to form a distributed monitoring array.

[0017] The displacement gauge unit 100 includes a mounting sleeve, a displacement sensor 4, a measuring rod 5, and a main data cable 6. The mounting sleeve constitutes the main structure of the displacement gauge unit 100. The displacement sensor 4 is fixed inside the upper end of the mounting sleeve. The displacement sensor 4 is a magnetic grating displacement sensor. The detection circuit board of the displacement sensor 4 integrates a triaxial accelerometer for synchronously measuring the angles of the displacement gauge unit 100's central axis towards two mutually perpendicular radial inclinations. The measuring rod 5 is fixed to the lower end of the movable pull rod of the displacement sensor 4. The main data cable 6 runs continuously inside the mounting sleeve, with both ends extending outside the mounting sleeve through waterproof outlet ports and connected to cable connectors 7. The power supply and data signal lines of the displacement sensor 4 are connected in parallel to the main data cable 6. When the equipment is buried in concrete or earth-filled soil, the lower end seat 2 and the upper end seat 3... The flange is embedded inside the structure to form a support. When the lower end seat 2 and the upper end seat 3 have relative axial displacement, the measuring rod 5 is pushed or pulled, which in turn drives the movable pull rod of the displacement sensor 4 to move. The movable pull rod causes relative displacement between the magnetic scale and the magnetic head inside the displacement sensor 4. The magnetic head realizes accurate measurement of linear displacement and signal output by detecting the magnetic signal on the magnetic scale. At the same time, the triaxial accelerometer integrated on the detection circuit board of the displacement sensor 4 can sense the angle of inclination of the displacement gauge axis along two mutually perpendicular radials (X-axis and Y-axis). The relative radial displacement between the two ends of the displacement gauge can be calculated. The main data cable 6 is responsible for powering the displacement sensor 4 and transmitting data. The cable connector 7 is used to connect the main data cables 6 of adjacent displacement gauges, thus forming a complete distributed monitoring array.

[0018] The mounting sleeve includes a sleeve 1, a lower end seat 2, and an upper end seat 3. The lower end seat 2 is slidably connected to the outside of the lower end of the sleeve 1, and the upper end seat 3 is slidably connected to the outside of the upper end of the sleeve 1. Two to four waterproof sealing rings 9 are provided between the lower end seat 2 and the sleeve 1, and between the upper end seat 3 and the sleeve 1. The sliding connection combined with the multi-layer waterproof sealing rings 9 design not only ensures the flexibility of relative movement between the sleeve 1 and the end seat, but also forms a reliable dynamic seal to prevent moisture and impurities from entering the equipment and ensure long-term sealing performance in a high-pressure water environment.

[0019] The displacement sensor 4 is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the upper seat 3, and the measuring rod 5 is fixed inside the upper end of the lower seat 2. When the deformation of the structure causes relative displacement between the upper seat 3 and the lower seat 2, the displacement is directly transmitted to the movable pull rod of the displacement sensor 4 through the measuring rod 5, thus realizing direct and accurate measurement of the deformation of the structure.

[0020] The lower end of the lower end seat 2 has a first flange for connecting to an adjacent displacement gauge unit 100. A blocking plate 8 is fixed to the lower end of the first flange. A sealed cavity for accommodating a cable connector 7 is spaced between the lower end seat 2 and the interior of the first flange. The upper end of the upper end seat 3 has a second flange for connecting to an adjacent displacement gauge unit 100. In two adjacent displacement gauge units 100, the first flange of the lower end seat 2 of the upper displacement gauge unit 100 and the second flange of the upper end seat 3 of the lower displacement gauge unit 100 are connected. The flange is fixedly connected by fasteners and sealing gaskets 10 placed therebetween. The cable connector 7 of the upper displacement meter unit 100 and the cable connector 7 of the lower displacement meter unit 100 are connected in the sealed cavity. When forming a multi-point displacement meter array, the lower end seat 2 and upper end seat 3 of two adjacent multi-point displacement meters are connected end to end in sequence by flanges and sealing gaskets 10. Their cable connectors 7 are also connected end to end in sequence and placed in the waterproof sealed cavity between the sections. The lower end seat 2 of the lowest multi-point displacement meter needs to be sealed and protected by a blocking plate 8 and sealing gasket 10.

[0021] A structural deformation monitoring system employs an array of multi-point displacement gauges as described above. These multi-point displacement gauges are embedded in concrete structures or earth-fill bodies and are connected to a remote data acquisition and analysis system via a main data cable 6. When the entire monitoring system is in operation, the main data cable 6 supplies power to all parallel displacement sensors 4 and sequentially collects and transmits monitoring data (including axial displacement and tilt angle) from each displacement sensor using a dual-control triggering mode with polling and equal time intervals. This data is transmitted to the remote data acquisition and analysis system, and through corresponding software processing, the axial displacement distribution curve and radial flexural deformation curve along the entire length of the monitoring line can be obtained, enabling a comprehensive and accurate assessment and early warning of the structural deformation state.

Claims

1. An array-type multi-point displacement meter, characterized in that, A distributed monitoring array is formed by connecting at least two displacement gauge units (100) end-to-end via a mechanical structure and electrical connectors. Each displacement gauge unit (100) includes: The mounting sleeve constitutes the main structure of the displacement gauge unit (100); Displacement sensor (4), the displacement sensor (4) is fixed inside the upper end of the mounting sleeve, and the detection circuit board of the displacement sensor (4) is integrated with a triaxial acceleration sensor, which is used to synchronously measure the angle of the central axis of the displacement meter unit (100) tilting towards two mutually perpendicular radial directions. Measuring rod (5), which is fixed to the lower end of the movable pull rod of displacement sensor (4); The main data cable (6) is arranged in the installation sleeve along its length, with both ends extending out of the installation sleeve through waterproof outlet ports and connected to cable connectors (7). The power supply and data signal lines of the displacement sensor (4) are connected in parallel to the main data cable (6).

2. The array-type multi-point displacement meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting sleeve includes: Sleeve (1); The lower end seat (2) is slidably connected to the outside of the lower end of the sleeve (1); And an upper end seat (3), which is slidably connected to the outside of the upper end of the sleeve (1).

3. The array-type multi-point displacement meter according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two to four waterproof sealing rings (9) are provided between the lower end seat (2) and the sleeve (1), and between the upper end seat (3) and the sleeve (1).

4. An array-type multi-point displacement meter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The displacement sensor (4) is fixedly installed inside the lower end of the upper seat (3). The displacement sensor (4) is a magnetic grating displacement sensor. The measuring rod (5) is fixed inside the upper end of the lower seat (2).

5. An array-type multi-point displacement meter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower end of the lower end seat (2) is provided with a first flange for connecting to the adjacent displacement meter unit (100) on the outer side of the lower end. The lower end of the first flange is fixed with a blocking plate (8). There is a sealed cavity for accommodating the cable connector (7) between the lower end seat (2) and the interior of the first flange. The upper end of the upper end seat (3) is provided with a second flange for connecting to the adjacent displacement meter unit (100) on the outer side of the upper end.

6. An array-type multi-point displacement meter according to claim 5, characterized in that, In two adjacent displacement gauge units (100), the first flange of the lower end seat (2) of the upper displacement gauge unit (100) and the second flange of the upper end seat (3) of the lower displacement gauge unit (100) are fixedly connected by fasteners and a sealing gasket (10) disposed therebetween, and the cable connector (7) of the upper displacement gauge unit (100) and the cable connector (7) of the lower displacement gauge unit (100) are mated in the sealed cavity.

7. A structural deformation monitoring system, characterized in that, An array-type multi-point displacement meter as described in any one of claims 1-6 is used. The array-type multi-point displacement meter is embedded in a concrete structure or earth and rock fill and is connected to a remote data acquisition and analysis system via the main data cable (6).

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