Agricultural field soil heavy metal sampling device

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural detection equipment technical field discloses a kind of farmland soil heavy metal sampling devices, including support frame, engine, support column, sliding block and wheel, sliding block sliding cooperation is in the outer periphery of support column and is driven vertical reciprocating movement, still be equipped with anti-overturning structure and replacement structure, anti-overturning structure utilizes hydraulic cylinder to be driven support leg around hinged member outward unfolding, make the large-diameter support disc compaction ground at end and support frame whole jacks up to wheel is in the air, form the rigid support platform of stability;Replacement structure is cooperated by sampling pipe inner wall lock cylinder and replacement head top L type recess, by axial insertion and rotation, the quick locking and separation of sampling component are realized.The utility model effectively solves the problem that field sampling support is not stable and is prone to overturning and cross contamination caused by difficult to change head, greatly improves the perpendicularity of sampling, structural stability and detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural testing equipment technology, and in particular to a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing attention paid to soil environmental quality in modern agriculture, the monitoring and remediation of soil heavy metal pollution has become a crucial aspect of sustainable agricultural development. When conducting soil heavy metal testing, the first step is to obtain representative soil samples. Currently, to improve sampling efficiency, mobile sampling equipment equipped with a powered drilling mechanism is commonly used. This type of equipment typically consists of a wheeled chassis, a support frame, and a vertically feeding drilling component. The equipment is transported to a designated location in the field by wheels, and then the engine drives the drilling component to penetrate deep into the ground to extract soil samples.

[0003] However, existing mobile sampling equipment has significant structural defects in practical applications in farmland environments. Because farmland surfaces are typically soft and uneven, traditional wheeled support structures are prone to tire deformation or sinking into the soil when faced with the immense downward feed pressure exerted by the drilling mechanism, leading to instability in the overall center of gravity of the equipment. Especially when encountering hard soil layers that generate significant reaction forces, equipment supported solely by wheels is highly susceptible to tilting or even tipping over. This not only prevents the sampling tube from penetrating vertically into the soil, affecting the accuracy of stratified sampling depth, but also poses a significant safety hazard.

[0004] Furthermore, soil heavy metal detection requires extremely high sample purity; even trace amounts of residue can lead to data inaccuracies. Existing sampling drills are mostly fixed to the drive rod in an integrated manner. After sampling at one location, the drill bit surface is often covered with sticky soil, making on-site cleaning extremely difficult and incomplete. If sampling is performed directly at the next location, residual soil from the previous location will mix into the new sample, causing serious cross-contamination. This makes it impossible to accurately reflect the distribution of heavy metals in soil from different areas, failing to meet the rigorous requirements of scientific research and monitoring.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a farmland soil heavy metal sampling device, which aims to improve the existing farmland soil heavy metal sampling devices, which have problems such as poor support stability when operating in complex terrain in the field, easy overturning leading to inaccurate sampling, and difficulty in quickly replacing and cleaning the sampling head, resulting in cross-contamination of samples from different sampling points.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil, comprising: a support frame, an engine, a support column, a slider, wheels, and an anti-tipping structure. The support frame is the main frame of the device. The engine is fixedly connected to the top center of the support frame. The wheels are rotatably connected to the bottom outer periphery of the support frame for moving the device. The support column is vertically fixedly connected to the support frame. The slider is slidably engaged with the outer periphery of the support column, and the slider is driven by the engine to reciprocate along the axial direction of the support column. The device is characterized by further including a replacement structure. The replacement structure includes a sampling tube, a replacement head, and a locking cylinder. The sampling tube is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the slider. The locking cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the sampling tube. The replacement head is detachably snapped into the bottom opening of the sampling tube. The top of the replacement head is provided with a groove that mates with the locking cylinder. The locking cylinder and the groove on the replacement head are locked by axial insertion and rotation around the axis. The locking cylinder is a snap-fit ​​protrusion disposed on the inner wall of the sampling tube.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-tipping structure is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the support frame, and includes a hydraulic cylinder, a connecting rod, a support leg, a hinge, and a support plate. The hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support frame, the connecting rod is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder, the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the support frame and hinged to the upper end of the support leg through the hinge to drive the support leg to rotate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the support leg to lift the support frame and lift the wheel off the ground when the hydraulic cylinder outputs power.

[0009] Preferably, the support column also serves as a guide rail to limit the movement trajectory of the slider and the sampling tube, ensuring the verticality of the sampling.

[0010] Preferably, the linkage drives the outrigger so that the outrigger fits against the side of the support frame when retracted.

[0011] Preferably, the connection between the outrigger and the connecting rod, and the connection between the connecting rod and the hinge, together constitute a four-bar linkage or a similar rotating connection mechanism to realize the retraction and extension of the outrigger.

[0012] Preferably, the support plate is disc-shaped, and the diameter of its bottom surface is larger than the diameter of the support leg, so as to increase the grounding area of ​​the device.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the slider is provided with a limiting structure, such as a guide groove or a guide wheel, and the outer wall of the support column is provided with a sliding rail that cooperates with it, so as to achieve stable limiting of the sampling tube.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, by designing a snap-fit ​​and rotating replacement structure, the locking core on the inner wall of the sampling tube cooperates with the groove on the top of the replacement head, realizing the quick and reliable snap-fit ​​and separation of the sampling tube and the replacement head. This solves the problems of inconvenient replacement of the sampling head and easy cross-contamination of soil samples from different sampling points in the prior art, and achieves the utility model effect of improving sampling efficiency, ensuring the accuracy of heavy metal detection data, and meeting the needs of rapid replacement of multiple soil types.

[0015] 2. In this utility model, by setting up a hydraulically driven anti-tipping structure, a rigid support is formed by connecting rods, outriggers and support plates, which lifts the wheels off the ground during operation. This solves the problem in the prior art that the equipment lacks a stable support base and is prone to tipping or shaking when sampling in complex terrain in the field. It achieves the effect of ensuring that the sampling tube is inserted vertically into the soil, improving sampling accuracy and operational safety. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a replacement head for a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling tube of a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support leg of a farmland soil heavy metal sampling device proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Legend: 1. Engine; 2. Support frame; 3. Slider; 4. Support column; 5. Wheel; 6. Anti-tipping structure; 601. Hydraulic cylinder; 602. Connecting rod; 603. Outrigger; 604. Hinge; 605. Support plate; 7. Replacement structure; 701. Sampling tube; 702. Replacement head; 703. Lock cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-4This utility model provides a heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil, which aims to solve the structural defects of existing farmland sampling equipment, such as poor support stability and easy overturning when operating in complex terrain in the field, and cross-contamination of samples from different sampling points due to the difficulty in quickly replacing and cleaning the sampling head.

[0020] Specifically, the device includes a support frame 2, which forms the main support structure, and a power source engine 1, which is fixedly installed at the geometric center of the top of the support frame 2. The support frame 2, as the rigid skeleton of the entire device, is welded from high-strength metal materials and has a portal or frame structure to provide sufficient internal working space. Four wheels 5 are symmetrically arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom of the support frame 2 for moving the device. The wheels 5 are rotatably connected to the crossbeam or lugs at the bottom of the support frame 2 via axles, giving the device the ability to move flexibly across farmland furrows. A support column 4 is vertically fixed inside the support frame 2, and the upper end of the support column 4 is fixed to the top crossbeam of the support frame 2. The lower end is fixed to the bottom crossbeam or chassis of the support frame 2, thus forming a stable guiding reference. A slider 3 is slidably fitted on the outer circumferential surface of the support column 4. The center of the slider 3 has a through hole that matches the diameter of the support column 4, so that the slider 3 can move up and down linearly along the axial direction of the support column 4. The slider 3 and the engine 1 are mechanically connected through a power transmission component such as a screw drive mechanism, chain drive mechanism or hydraulic drive mechanism, so that the rotational power or hydraulic power output by the engine 1 can be converted into a linear driving force to drive the slider 3 to move vertically up and down along the support column 4, thereby providing the necessary feed pressure and lifting force for subsequent sampling actions.

[0021] It also includes a replacement structure 7 and an anti-tipping structure 6. The replacement structure 7 is located at the lower end of the slider 3 to enable modular quick disassembly of the sampling component. The anti-tipping structure 6 is symmetrically arranged on the four sides of the support frame 2 to construct a liftable auxiliary support platform.

[0022] The replacement structure 7 mainly consists of a sampling tube 701, a replacement head 702, and a lock core 703. The upper end face of the sampling tube 701 is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the slider 3 by a flange or bolts, allowing the sampling tube 701 to move vertically up and down synchronously with the slider 3. The sampling tube 701 is a hollow tubular structure, and its inner wall near the lower opening has symmetrically arranged inwardly protruding lock cores 703 on both sides. In this embodiment, the lock core 703 is specifically manifested as a cylindrical or square prism-shaped metal snap-fit ​​protrusion, which is integrally formed with the inner wall of the sampling tube 701 or fixed by welding, and has extremely high shear strength. The replacement head 702, as a consumable component that directly contacts the soil and contains the sample, is detachably snap-fitted to the bottom opening of the sampling tube 701. The inner diameter of the sampling tube 701 is clearance-fitted with the inner diameter of the sampling tube 701, allowing the replacement head 702 to be smoothly inserted into the sampling tube 701. The top side wall of the replacement head 702 is provided with an L-shaped groove or spiral groove that matches the shape of the lock cylinder 703. In the assembled state, the replacement head 702 is inserted axially into the sampling tube 701 until the lock cylinder 703 abuts against the bottom of the L-shaped groove. Then, the replacement head 702 is rotated around the axis, so that the lock cylinder 703 slides into the transverse locking section of the L-shaped groove, thereby achieving axial limit locking. This bayonet-type quick connection method ensures that the replacement head 702 will not retract when subjected to huge vertical sampling resistance. At the same time, when replacement is needed, it can be easily removed by simply rotating in the opposite direction, which greatly facilitates the replacement of sampling heads with different apertures or the cleaning and replacement of contaminated sampling heads.

[0023] Anti-tipping structures 6 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls or around the corners of the support frame 2. Each anti-tipping structure 6 includes a hydraulic cylinder 601, a connecting rod 602, a support leg 603, a hinge 604, and a support plate 605. The hydraulic cylinder 601 serves as the power actuator, with its cylinder tail hinged to the upper middle part of the side beam of the support frame 2 via a pin. The piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 601 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 602 via a pin. The other end of the connecting rod 602 is not directly connected to the support frame 2, but is hinged to the upper side of the support leg 603. The support leg 603 serves as the main load-bearing support member, with its upper end rotatably connected to the lower side of the support frame 2 via the hinge 604. The hinge 604 provides a fixed rotation for the support leg 603. The pivot point allows the outrigger 603 to swing only in a plane perpendicular to the ground. When the hydraulic cylinder 601 extends, the thrust is transmitted to the outrigger 603 through the connecting rod 602. Due to the constraint of the hinge 604, the outrigger 603 is forced to rotate outward and downward around the hinge 604. The support plate 605 is fixedly connected to the end of the outrigger 603 away from the hinge 604. The support plate 605 is made of high-strength steel plate. When the outrigger 603 is fully extended and perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the ground, the support plate 605 can compact the ground and use the lifting force of the hydraulic system to raise the support frame 2 as a whole, so that the wheel 5, which was originally on the ground, is suspended in the air. This transforms the flexible tire support into a rigid disc support, completely eliminating the risk of swaying caused by the elastic deformation of the tire.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, in order to further improve the stability of the movement of the slider 3 and prevent the sampling tube 701 from rotating when drilling into hard soil, the support column 4 not only serves as a support but also acts as a guide rail. The cross-sectional shape of the support column 4 can be designed as rectangular, I-shaped, or circular with anti-rotation keyways. In conjunction with the corresponding shape of the inner hole of the slider 3, the slider 3 and the sampling tube 701 are strictly limited to moving only in the vertical direction, eliminating the degree of freedom of circumferential rotation. This rigid guide structure can effectively resist the lateral force generated by stones in the soil, ensuring that the sampling tube 701 always cuts vertically into the soil layer, thereby obtaining columnar soil samples with standard depth stratification.

[0025] As another preferred embodiment, in order to optimize the passability of the equipment in the non-operation state, the drive structure of the connecting rod 602 to the outrigger 603 is designed with optimized kinematic parameters so that when the hydraulic cylinder 601 is fully retracted, the outrigger 603 can flip upward around the hinge 604 and fit completely within the side profile of the support frame 2. This folding and storage design ensures that when the device travels on narrow field roads or crosses ditches, the anti-overturning structure 6 will not be scratched or collided due to protruding from the vehicle body.

[0026] As another preferred embodiment, in order to obtain greater torque transmission efficiency and structural stability, the connection points of the outrigger 603 and the connecting rod 602, the connection points of the connecting rod 602 and the hydraulic cylinder 601, the connection points of the hydraulic cylinder 601 and the support frame 2, and the hinge 604 of the connection points of the outrigger 603 and the support frame 2 together constitute a four-bar linkage or a triangular force amplification mechanism. By adjusting the position coordinates of each hinge point, the outrigger 603 can obtain a larger swing angle when the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 601 is short. In the supported state, the included angle between the connecting rod 602 and the outrigger 603 is close to an obtuse angle or a straight line, which is beneficial to sharing the lateral load borne by the hydraulic cylinder 601 and improving the self-locking performance and safety of the mechanism.

[0027] As another preferred embodiment, in order to adapt to the soft soil of farmland and prevent the equipment from sinking, the support plate 605 is designed as a large-diameter disc-shaped structure, and the diameter of the bottom surface of the support plate 605 is significantly larger than the diameter of the support leg 603. For example, the diameter of the support plate 605 can be set to 3 to 5 times the cross-sectional width of the support leg 603. This design greatly increases the contact area between the device and the ground, thereby reducing the pressure per unit area. Even when operating on paddy fields or soft mud surfaces after rain, it can provide sufficient reaction force to support the heavy machine body. The bottom of the support plate 605 can also be equipped with anti-slip textures or gripping teeth to further enhance the anchoring effect of the support.

[0028] As another preferred embodiment, in order to further improve sampling accuracy and mechanical life, a limiting structure is uniformly provided around the outer wall of the slider 3. The limiting structure specifically includes several sets of rollers or wear-resistant sliders embedded in the side wall of the slider 3. Correspondingly, the outer wall surface of the support column 4 is provided with a vertical slide rail or V-shaped guide groove that precisely matches the limiting structure. The rollers or wear-resistant sliders roll or slide in the slide rail. This design converts the sliding friction between the slider 3 and the support column 4 into rolling friction, or reduces wear through the contact of wear-resistant materials. At the same time, the wrapping effect of the slide rail on the roller further limits the small wobbling gap of the slider 3 in the horizontal direction, and together achieves stable limiting of the sampling tube 701 throughout the entire process, ensuring that the device still maintains a high-precision operating state under long-term high-intensity sampling operations.

[0029] Working principle: When different soil types need to be sampled, the replacement head 702 can be replaced by replacing the replacement structure 7. Align the locking core 703 on the inner wall of the sampling tube 701 with the opening at the top of the replacement head 702 and insert it axially so that the locking core 703 on the inner wall of the sampling tube 701 is in contact with the inner wall of the replacement head 702. Then rotate the replacement head 702 axially. At this time, the locking core 703 of the replacement structure 7 and the groove of the replacement head 702 engage with each other to complete the fixation. If disassembly is required, rotate the replacement head 702 in the opposite direction to separate the locking core 703 from the groove, and then pull out the replacement head 702 axially to disconnect it. This enables the rapid replacement of different compatible sampling heads to meet the needs of multiple soil types.

[0030] To prevent the equipment from tipping over during operation, an anti-tipping structure 6 is activated. The linear power output by the hydraulic cylinder 601 is transmitted through the connecting rod 602. The connecting rod 602 rotates around the hinge 604, causing the outrigger 603 to extend outward and swing downward. After the support plate 605 at the end of the outrigger 603 contacts the ground, the hydraulic cylinder 601 continues to output power. With the force amplification effect of the connecting rod 602, the support frame 2 is lifted, causing the wheels 5 to leave the ground and ultimately forming a stable support base. After the operation is completed, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 601 retracts, and through the connecting rod 602, the outrigger 603 rotates in the opposite direction, gradually retracting the support plate 605. After the outrigger 603 is fully retracted, it fits against the side of the support frame 2, without affecting the movement of the equipment, thus ensuring the stability of the data collection process.

[0031] During operation, the equipment is first pushed to the designated sampling position by the wheels 5, and then the anti-tipping structure 6 is activated to lift the wheels 5 off the ground and form a stable support. The slider 3 and the support column 4 limit the sampling tube 701. Then the engine 1 is started to drive the sampling tube 701 to move the slider 3 connected to its outer wall downward along the slide rail 4, and the sampling operation can be carried out.

Claims

1. A heavy metal sampling device for farmland soil, comprising: The device comprises a support frame (2), an engine (1), a support column (4), a slider (3), a wheel (5), and an anti-overturning structure (6). The support frame (2) is the main frame of the device. The engine (1) is fixedly connected to the top center of the support frame (2). The wheel (5) is rotatably connected to the bottom outer periphery of the support frame (2) for the movement of the device. The support column (4) is vertically fixedly connected to the support frame (2). The slider (3) is slidably engaged with the outer periphery of the support column (4) and is driven by the engine (1) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the support column (4). The device is characterized by further including a replacement structure (7). The replacement structure (7) includes a sampling tube (701), a replacement head (702), and a lock cylinder (703). The sampling tube (701) is fixedly connected to the bottom end face of the slider (3). The lock cylinders (703) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the sampling tube (701). The replacement head (702) is detachably snapped into the bottom opening of the sampling tube (701). The top of the replacement head (702) is provided with a groove that cooperates with the lock cylinder (703). The lock cylinder (703) and the groove on the replacement head (702) are locked by inserting along the axial direction and rotating around the axis. The lock cylinder (703) is a snap-fit ​​protrusion set on the inner wall of the sampling tube (701).

2. The farmland soil heavy metal sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-overturning structure (6) is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the support frame (2). It includes a hydraulic cylinder (601), a connecting rod (602), a support leg (603), a hinge (604), and a support plate (605). The hydraulic cylinder (601) is hinged to the support frame (2). The connecting rod (602) is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (601). The connecting rod (602) is rotatably connected to the support frame (2) through the hinge (604) and hinged to the upper end of the support leg (603) to drive the support leg (603) to rotate. The support plate (605) is fixedly connected to the end of the support leg (603) and is used to lift the support frame (2) to make the wheel (5) leave the ground when the hydraulic cylinder (601) outputs power.

3. The farmland soil heavy metal sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column (4) also serves as a guide rail, used to limit the movement trajectory of the slider (3) and the sampling tube (701) to ensure the verticality of the sampling.

4. The farmland soil heavy metal sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linkage (602) drives the outrigger (603) so that the outrigger (603) fits against the side of the support frame (2) when it is retracted.

5. The farmland soil heavy metal sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connection between the outrigger (603) and the connecting rod (602), and the connection between the connecting rod (602) and the hinge (604), together constitute a four-bar linkage or a similar rotating connection mechanism, realizing the retraction and extension of the outrigger (603).

6. The farmland soil heavy metal sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support plate (605) is disc-shaped, and the diameter of its bottom surface is larger than the diameter of the support leg (603) to increase the grounding area of ​​the device.

7. The farmland soil heavy metal sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the slider (3) is provided with a limiting structure such as a guide groove or a guide wheel, and the outer wall of the support column (4) is provided with a sliding rail that cooperates with it, so as to achieve stable limiting of the sampling tube (701).

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