Modular deep-sea layered airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a modularization deep sea stratified airtight pressure maintaining water sampling device relates to marine detection and water sample collection technical field, including sampler frame, hoist module, storage sample module, buoyancy module and control cabin, sampler frame is frame structure, and inside is provided with buoyancy module and control cabin, and outside is provided with storage sample module and hoist module, and the bottom of buoyancy module is provided with multiple groups of magnetic throw load weight, storage sample module includes multiple groups of storage sample cylinder, and the end of storage sample cylinder is provided with one -way seal structure, and is provided with piston in storage sample cylinder, and hoist module is used for traction piston movement, and control cabin is used for controlling the state of hoist module and magnetic throw load weight. Break away from the dependence of traditional cable control type water sampling system to cable, realize independent sinking through magnetic throw load weight, and the buoyancy block realizes independent floating, can adapt to deeper sampling depth, and is not disturbed by the cable of water flow, and the operation range is wider, and the flexibility is stronger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine exploration and water sampling technology, and in particular to a modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-sea water sampling technology is a specialized technology used to accurately collect seawater samples at different depths and under different environmental conditions in the deep-sea environment. It is mainly divided into two types: cable-controlled and cableless, and is equipped with sealing and pressure-maintaining technologies to ensure sample quality. Cable-controlled technologies include traditional mechanical cable-controlled water sampling systems and fiber optic cable-controlled intelligent water sampling systems. The former connects the mother ship and the water sampling device (such as the Niskin water sampler array) via steel cables or umbilical cables, and controls the sinking and floating with the help of the mother ship's winch. It samples and acquires parameters such as temperature and salinity through mechanical triggering or remote electrical signal sampling. The latter uses fiber optic cables as the data transmission carrier, integrates high-precision sensors and servo control systems, and can remotely and dynamically adjust parameters such as sampling pressure and flow rate, making it suitable for high-resolution stratified sampling scenarios. Cableless technologies cover simple timed cableless water sampling devices, pressure switch triggered cableless water sampling systems, deformation-adjustable cableless sampling technology, and airbag-assisted cableless sampling technology. They work by estimating depth through preset sinking time, triggering with mechanical pressure switches, controlling sinking and floating with wing plate structures, and floating with compressed gas filling airbags, respectively, adapting to different sampling needs. Typical examples include autonomous sinking and floating water sampling balls. Some devices also integrate temperature and pressure sensors, GPS positioning modules, or are equipped with radio beacons to assist in recovery.

[0003] Cable-controlled technology has the following drawbacks: strong operational limitations, sampling depth is limited by cable length, and the cable is easily broken by water flow or entangled in seabed obstacles, leading to device damage and difficulty in retrieval; cost and efficiency are unbalanced, the mother ship needs to be stationed at the site for the entire operation, equipment purchase and maintenance costs are high, and the cost per operation is high and the efficiency is low, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale sampling; water samples are prone to distortion, as the cable interferes with the water flow, which may cause the collected water samples to deviate from the original environmental characteristics, affecting the accuracy of detection.

[0004] The cableless technology has the following drawbacks: insufficient depth control accuracy; timed devices are affected by seawater density and ocean currents, with depth errors reaching ±50-100 meters; mechanical pressure switches have low adjustment accuracy, with the smallest adjustment unit corresponding to a depth of about 50 meters, and there is a risk of hysteresis and false triggering; poor motion control and safety; most devices cannot accurately control the sinking and floating speed, and are prone to violent collisions with the seabed during sinking, causing damage; lack of effective obstacle avoidance mechanisms; and a failure rate exceeding 30% in complex terrain areas; low recovery reliability; simple devices lack precise positioning functions and rely on visual search, resulting in a recovery success rate of less than 70%; some devices have complex buoyancy structures, making them prone to failure and loss of connection; and insufficient functional adaptability; traditional devices are mostly single sampling modes, making it difficult to achieve continuous multi-depth stratified sampling; some focus on sediment sampling; and the sealing and pressure-holding design of seawater sampling is inadequate. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies in the existing technology by proposing a modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device includes a sampler frame, a lifting module, a sample storage module, a buoyancy module, and a control chamber. The sampler frame is a frame structure. The buoyancy module is detachably installed inside the sampler, and the sample storage module and lifting module are detachably installed on the outside. Multiple sets of magnetically thrown weights are installed at the bottom of the buoyancy module. The sample storage module includes multiple sets of sample storage cylinders. The first end of each sample storage cylinder is provided with a one-way sealing structure, and the second section is provided with a fixing ring. A piston is installed inside each sample storage cylinder, and a lifting handle is fixedly connected to the piston. The lifting handle is slidably and sealingly connected to the fixing ring. The lifting module is connected to the lifting handle. The control chamber is used to control the state of the lifting module and the magnetically thrown weights and is installed on the sampler frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the one-way sealing structure includes a sampling barrel lower cover and a water inlet piston. The sampling barrel lower cover is fixedly connected to the end of the sample storage cylinder. The water inlet piston is connected to the sampling barrel lower cover through a water inlet piston spring. When the water inlet piston spring is in its reset state, the side wall of the water inlet piston abuts against the inner wall of the sampling barrel lower cover. The contact surface between the sampling barrel lower cover and the water inlet piston is an inclined surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the inlet piston has a through hole, and a drain piston is installed inside the through hole. The drain piston is connected to the through hole through a drain piston spring. When the drain piston spring is in its reset state, the sealing head at the end of the drain piston abuts against the end of the through hole. A drain connection threaded hole is provided on one side of the through hole, and the drain connection threaded hole communicates with the through hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the buoyancy module includes a buoyancy block, a launcher, and a magnetic launcher. The launcher is located at the bottom of the buoyancy block and is magnetically connected to the magnetic launcher.

[0010] Furthermore, the control cabin includes a control cabin shell, the control cabin shell is hollow inside and has a control cabin end cover at one end; the control cabin shell is equipped with a battery and a main control board, and the control cabin end cover is equipped with a pressure sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor and a multi-wire watertight connector, the pressure sensor and the ultrasonic ranging sensor are mounted on the control cabin end cover and are connected to the main control board via cables.

[0011] Furthermore, the sampler frame includes an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, and a mounting plate; the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are connected by the mounting plate; the sample storage module is detachably disposed on the outside of the mounting plate; a release device is detachably disposed on the inside of the mounting plate, and the release device is used to control the lifting module.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting module includes a release outer sleeve, a release inner sleeve, a thrust spring, and a lifting plate; the release inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the release outer sleeve, and a thrust spring is provided in the release inner sleeve. One end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the release outer sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the release inner sleeve. The end of the release inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting plate; the first side of the lifting plate is connected to the lifting handle, and the second side of the lifting plate is connected to the release device via a hook; the release device includes a waterproof electromagnetic lock, a release hook, and a micro-motion spring. The waterproof electromagnetic lock is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate, the release hook is located at the output end of the waterproof electromagnetic lock, and the micro-motion spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate and located on one side of the release hook.

[0013] Beneficial effects

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The modular structure facilitates operation and maintenance. The sample storage module, buoyancy module, and control chamber all adopt a modular design, with each component installed and disassembled independently, simplifying daily maintenance, component replacement, and water sample extraction. For example, the sample storage module can be quickly fixed or removed using the sample storage cylinder fixing handle, eliminating the need for complex tools and reducing on-site operation difficulty. The end-cap structure of the control chamber makes the inspection and replacement of internal main control board, batteries, and other components more convenient, reducing equipment maintenance costs and repair difficulty.

[0015] Multi-layered airtight pressure maintenance ensures the original preservation of water sample parameters. The device constructs a full-chain pressure maintenance system through "multiple seals + real-time monitoring". The double-layer seal of the piston of the sample storage module (X-ring + O-ring) and the double seal of the lower cover (double fluororubber ring + conical surface) form redundant protection. This design ensures that the retention rate of easily lost parameters such as dissolved oxygen and volatile organic compounds in the water sample is ≥98%, and the detection error is <3%. It fully meets the requirements of high-precision sampling for experimental analysis and solves the problem of ineffective operation caused by "water sample contamination or parameter loss" in traditional equipment.

[0016] Precise stratified control enables refined multi-depth sampling in the deep sea, overcoming the technical bottleneck of mechanical pressure switch triggering errors. The device relies on a high-precision pressure sensor (accuracy ±0.1%FS) and a "water pressure-depth" calibration algorithm to control depth detection error to ≤±0.3 meters and triggering error to ≤±0.5 meters. It can preset 1-6 sampling depths, achieving multi-layer precise sampling within a water depth range of 10-6000 meters, with a repeatability error of <2%, far exceeding the stratification accuracy of similar equipment. Combined with an ultrasonic obstacle avoidance sensor (detection accuracy ±5mm), it can automatically trigger obstacle avoidance when approaching the seabed (<0.5 meters), preventing equipment damage and ensuring the integrity of near-bottom key layer water samples, providing reliable samples for marine ecological stratification research and hydrothermal vent environmental assessment.

[0017] Cableless autonomous operation enhances flexibility and sampling depth, eliminating the dependence on cables in traditional cable-controlled water sampling systems. It achieves autonomous sinking by magnetically throwing a load and autonomous floating by a buoyancy block, adapting to deeper sampling depths (the maximum sampling depth can be customized according to the pressure resistance rating of the pressure sensor and the sample storage cylinder), and is not affected by water flow on the cable, resulting in a wider operating range and greater flexibility.

[0018] Precise depth control via pressure sensing and high accuracy of stratified sampling: By using a pressure sensor to detect water pressure in real time and combining it with precise calculations by the main control board, it can achieve precise control of sampling depth. The depth control error can be controlled within ±0.2 meters. Moreover, it can complete multi-depth stratified sampling sequentially according to the preset depth, effectively ensuring the representativeness and accuracy of water samples at different depths and meeting the needs of marine stratified research.

[0019] With multiple protection mechanisms, the system boasts high reliability. It integrates an ultrasonic ranging sensor to achieve obstacle avoidance on the seabed. When the sampler gets too close to the seabed, it is forced to jettison and float to the surface to avoid collision damage or prevent the sampler from continuing to work or returning if the sampling depth is not reached. The combination of a waterproof electromagnetic lock and a thrust spring ensures a stable and reliable sampling triggering mechanism, reducing false sampling or missed sampling. The control cabin adopts a high-pressure sealing design to protect the internal electronic components from deep-sea pressure and seawater corrosion, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0020] Combining positioning and warning, the sampler is easy and efficient to retrieve. After the sampler floats to the surface, it automatically activates GPS / BeiDou positioning and warning lights. The positioning information is obtained in real time through the host computer, allowing staff to quickly locate and retrieve the sampler, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of retrieval and improving operational efficiency.

[0021] With controllable costs and wide applicability, the system's core components use cost-effective industrial-grade materials, such as titanium alloys, which not only meet the environmental requirements of high pressure and corrosion resistance in the deep sea, but also avoid the problem of excessive costs caused by over-reliance on expensive special materials. At the same time, the system supports flexible adjustment of the number of sample storage modules (1-6 groups are all possible) and the sampling depth range (10-6000 meters) according to sampling needs, and can adapt to the sampling needs of different scenarios such as marine scientific research, environmental monitoring, and resource exploration, making it extremely versatile. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0023] Figure 1 Axonometric view of the water intake system assembly; Figure 2 Sampler rack mounting side view; Figure 3 Main view of the water intake system assembly; Figure 4 Main view of the buoyancy module; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sample storage module; Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the control cabin; Figure 7 Workflow diagram of the water intake system; Figure 8 Water intake system control flowchart.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-sampler frame, 2-lifting handle, 3-sample storage module, 4-buoyancy module, 5-control chamber; 101-Recovery handle, 102-Lifting plate, 103-Release inner sleeve, 104-Release outer sleeve, 105-Locking nut on outer sleeve, 106-Lower locking nut on outer sleeve, 107-Lower fixing block of sample cylinder, 108-Lower fixing block of sample cylinder, 109-Fixing handle of sample cylinder, 110-Elastic adjustment bolt, 111-Fixing bolt fixing nut, 112-Lifting plate hook, 113-Release hook, 114-Waterproof electromagnetic lock, 115-Lifting inner sleeve limit screw, 116-Micro spring, 117-Thrust spring, 118-Upper fixing plate, 119-Lower fixing plate; 301 - Sample storage cylinder outer shell; 302 - Sampling piston limiter; 303 - Sampling piston; 304 - X-type high-pressure sealing ring; 305 - O-type sealing ring; 306 - Sampling barrel lower cover; 307 - Water inlet piston; 308 - Silicone gasket; 309 - Water outlet piston; 310 - Silicone gasket; 310 - Water outlet piston spring; 311 - Water outlet spring washer; 312 - Water inlet piston spring; 313 - Water inlet spring washer; 314 - Lower cover sealing ring; 315 - Water inlet piston sealing ring; 316 - Water outlet piston sealing ring; 317 - Water outlet connection thread. 401-Buoyancy block, 402-Load launcher, 403-Magnetic load launcher; 501-Control cabin shell, 502-Control cabin end cover, 503-Control cabin sealing ring, 504-Main control board, 505-Battery, 506-Pressure sensor, 507-Ultrasonic ranging sensor, 508-Multi-wire watertight connector, 509-Positioning and communication combination antenna, 510-Warning light. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-8 : A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device includes a sampler frame, a lifting module, a sample storage module, a buoyancy module, and a control chamber. The sampler frame has a frame structure, with a detachable buoyancy module inside and a detachable sample storage module and lifting module on the outside. Multiple sets of magnetically thrown weights are installed at the bottom of the buoyancy module. The sample storage module includes multiple sample storage cylinders, with a one-way sealing structure at the first end and a fixing ring at the second section. A piston is installed inside the sample storage cylinder, and a lifting handle is fixedly connected to the piston. The lifting handle is slidably and sealingly connected to the fixing ring, and the lifting module is connected to the lifting handle. The control chamber, located on the sampler frame, controls the state of the lifting module and the magnetically thrown weights.

[0028] The lifting handle 2 is made of high-strength titanium alloy. One end is movably connected to the sampler frame 1, and the other end is linked to the sampling piston 303 in the sample storage module 3. By pressing or pulling the lifting handle 2, the sampling piston 303 can be moved, realizing the preparation before sampling and the piston raising and lowering during the sampling process.

[0029] The sample storage module 3 is the core sampling component, including the sample storage cylinder shell 301, the sampling piston limiter 302, the sampling piston 303, the X-type high-pressure sealing ring 304, the O-type sealing ring 305, the sampling barrel lower cover 306, the water inlet piston 307, the silicone pad 308, the water outlet piston 309, the water outlet piston spring 310, the water outlet spring washer 311, the water inlet piston spring 312, the water inlet spring washer 313, the lower cover sealing ring 314, the water inlet piston sealing ring 315, the water outlet piston sealing ring 316, and the water outlet connection thread 317. The sample storage cylinder shell 301 is made of high-strength titanium alloy, which facilitates the storage of high-pressure water samples. The sampling piston 303 is sealed to the inner wall of the sample storage cylinder shell 301 by an X-shaped high-pressure sealing ring 304 to ensure no water leakage under high pressure. The water inlet piston 307 and the water outlet piston 309 are automatically reset by the water inlet piston spring 312 and the water outlet piston spring 310, respectively, which, together with the sealing ring, ensures the sealing performance and water sample integrity during the sampling process. In addition, the sample storage module 3 is fixed to the sampler frame 1 by the upper fixing block 108, the lower fixing block 107, and the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109. The sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109 can be adjusted by rotation to facilitate the installation and removal of the sample storage module 3.

[0030] In other preferred embodiments, the one-way sealing structure includes a sampling bucket lower cover and a water inlet piston. The sampling bucket lower cover is fixedly connected to the end of the sample storage cylinder. The water inlet piston is connected to the sampling bucket lower cover via a water inlet piston spring. In the reset state of the water inlet piston spring, the side wall of the water inlet piston abuts against the inner wall of the sampling bucket lower cover. The contact surface between the sampling bucket lower cover and the water inlet piston is inclined. A through hole is provided on the water inlet piston, and a water outlet piston is provided inside the through hole. The water outlet piston is connected to the through hole via a water outlet piston spring. In the reset state of the water outlet piston spring, the sealing head at the end of the water outlet piston abuts against the end of the through hole. A water outlet connecting threaded hole is provided on one side of the through hole, and the water outlet connecting threaded hole communicates with the through hole.

[0031] In other preferred embodiments, the buoyancy module includes a buoyancy block, a launcher, and a magnetic launcher, with the launcher located at the bottom of the buoyancy block and magnetically connected to the magnetic launcher.

[0032] Specifically, the buoyancy module 4 includes a buoyancy block 401, a launcher 402, and a magnetic launcher weight 403. The buoyancy block 401 is made of lightweight, high-strength glass microsphere composite material, and its buoyancy can be customized according to the overall weight of the sampler to ensure that the system can float smoothly after sampling. The launcher 402 is electrically connected to the main control board 504 in the control cabin 5 and has an internal electromagnetic adsorption structure for adsorbing and fixing the magnetic launcher weight 403. The magnetic launcher weight 403 is made of high-density magnetic metal material and achieves the initial sinking of the sampler through its own weight. When it receives the launcher signal from the main control board 504, the launcher 402 is de-energized, the magnetism disappears, and the magnetic launcher weight 403 falls off, reducing the weight of the sampler and helping the buoyancy block 401 to float. Meanwhile, if the system battery is low or malfunctions, the thrower 402 will lose power and its magnetism will disappear. The magnetic thrower weight 403 will fall off, reducing the weight of the sampler. Together with the buoyancy block 401, it will float up to achieve self-rescue and avoid losing the sampler.

[0033] In other preferred embodiments, the control cabin includes a control cabin shell, the control cabin shell is hollow inside and has a control cabin end cover at one end; a battery and a main control board are disposed inside the control cabin shell, and a pressure sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor and a multi-wire watertight connector are disposed on the control cabin end cover. The pressure sensor and the ultrasonic ranging sensor are disposed on the control cabin end cover and are connected to the main control board through cables.

[0034] Specifically, control compartment 5 is the core of the system's control, including a control compartment shell 501, a control compartment end cover 502, a control compartment sealing ring 503, a main control board 504, a battery 505, a pressure sensor 506, an ultrasonic ranging sensor 507, a multi-wire watertight connector 508, a positioning and communication combination antenna 509, and an alarm light 510. The control compartment shell 501 is made of titanium alloy. The control compartment end cover 502 is sealed to the control compartment shell 501 by the control compartment sealing ring 503, forming a waterproof and pressure-resistant cavity to protect the internal electronic components. The main control board 504 uses an industrial-grade microcontroller, integrating data processing and signal control functions, and is electrically connected to the battery 505, pressure sensor 506, ultrasonic ranging sensor 507, multi-wire watertight connector 508, positioning and communication combination antenna 509, and alarm light 510. The battery 505 uses a high-capacity lithium battery pack to provide power to the entire system. The pressure sensor 506 is used for detection... External water pressure is converted into a depth signal to achieve precise monitoring and control of sampling depth; the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 is used to detect the distance between the sampler and the seabed to avoid collisions; the positioning and communication combination antenna 509 integrates GPS / BeiDou positioning and wireless communication functions, which can send positioning information and sampling status information to the host computer (computer, mobile phone) and receive control commands from the host computer (Bluetooth, LoRa); the warning light 510 uses a high-brightness LED light, which is waterproof and pressure-resistant and turns on after the sampler floats to the surface, making it easy for staff to find the sampler's location.

[0035] In other preferred embodiments, the sampler frame includes an upper fixed plate, a lower fixed plate, and a mounting plate; the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are connected by the mounting plate; the sample storage module is detachably disposed on the outside of the mounting plate; a release device is detachably disposed on the inside of the mounting plate, and the release device is used to control the lifting module.

[0036] Specifically, the sampler frame 1, serving as the system's load-bearing frame, is made of high-strength titanium alloy, possessing corrosion resistance and high-pressure resistance properties. It is used to fix the sample storage module 3, lifting handle 2, and other auxiliary components. The sampler frame 1 is equipped with mounting slots that match the sample storage module 3, ensuring the sample storage module 3 is securely installed.

[0037] In one of the solutions, the lifting module includes a release outer sleeve, a release inner sleeve, a thrust spring, and a lifting plate. The release inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the release outer sleeve, and a thrust spring is installed in the release inner sleeve. One end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the release outer sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the release inner sleeve. The end of the release inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. The first side of the lifting plate is connected to the lifting handle, and the second side of the lifting plate is connected to the release device via a hook. The release device includes a waterproof electromagnetic lock, a release hook, and a micro-motion spring. The waterproof electromagnetic lock is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate, the release hook is located at the output end of the waterproof electromagnetic lock, and the micro-motion spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate and located on one side of the release hook.

[0038] Specifically, the release assembly includes an inner release sleeve 103, an outer release sleeve 104, an upper locking nut 105 on the outer release sleeve, a lower locking nut 106 on the outer release sleeve, a spring adjustment bolt 110, a spring adjustment bolt fixing nut 111, a lifting plate hook 112, a release hook 113, a waterproof electromagnetic lock 114, a limit screw for the inner release sleeve 115, a micro-motion spring 116, a thrust spring 117, an upper fixing plate 118, and a lower fixing plate 119. The release sleeve 104 is fixed to the upper fixing plate 118 and the lower fixing plate 119 by the upper locking nut 105 and the lower locking nut 106 of the release sleeve; the release inner sleeve 103 is fitted inside the release sleeve 104, and the range of motion is limited by the release inner sleeve limiting screw 115; the thrust spring 117 is located between the release inner sleeve 103 and the release sleeve 104, providing power for the rise of the release inner sleeve 103; the lifting plate hook 112 is connected to the release inner sleeve 103, and the release hook 113 is connected to the sampler frame 1, and the two can be interlocked, and the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 is used to lock the interlocked state of the release hook 113 and the lifting plate hook 112; the elastic adjustment bolt 110 and the elastic adjustment bolt fixing nut 111 are used to adjust the preload of the thrust spring 117 to ensure that the thrust size meets the sampling requirements.

[0039] A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device includes five core components: a sampler frame 1, a lifting handle 2, a sample storage module 3, a buoyancy module 4, and a control cabin 5. These components work together via mechanical or electrical connections. The specific operating principle is as follows: Sampling preparation stage: Workers install the sample storage module 3 on the sampler frame 1, rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, and lock the sample storage module 3 in place via the upper fixing block 108 and the lower fixing block 107 of the sample storage cylinder; press down the lifting plate 102, causing the release inner sleeve 103 to move downwards, so that the lifting plate hook 112 and the release hook 113 engage, and simultaneously the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 extends its locking tongue to lock the engagement state; press down the lifting handle 2, causing the sampling piston 303 to move downwards, so that the sampling piston 303 and the water inlet piston 307 are tightly fitted together, expelling air from the sample storage cylinder and completing the sealing preparation before sampling; repeat the above actions, installing and adjusting multiple sample storage modules 3 according to sampling requirements. Subsequently, workers use a host computer (computer, mobile phone) to establish a connection with the main control board 504 via the positioning communication combination antenna 509, sending instructions to the main control board 504 to set multiple sampling depth values ​​(including the first depth value, the second depth value… the sixth depth value, etc.). After completing the preparation work, the sampler is placed in the sampling water area.

[0040] Autonomous sinking and stratified sampling phase: The sampler automatically sinks under the gravity of the magnetically launched weight 403. During the sinking process, the pressure sensor 506 detects the external water pressure in real time and transmits the water pressure data to the main control board 504. The main control board 504 calculates the current depth of the sampler based on the preset water pressure-depth correspondence. At the same time, the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 detects the distance between the sampler and the seabed in real time. If the measured distance is less than 0.5 meters, the main control board 504 immediately sends a command to the launcher 402 to control the launcher 402 to cut off the power, launch the magnetically launched weight 403, and force the sampler to float up to avoid collision with the seabed (the forced floating system simultaneously completes sampling at a preset depth below this depth).

[0041] When the pressure sensor 506 detects that the external water pressure has reached the set first sampling depth maximum value, the main control board 504 simultaneously performs two operations: first, it controls the power outage of the ejector 402 to eject the magnetic ejector weight 403 to reduce the weight of the sampler; second, it controls the power outage of the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 corresponding to the first sampling depth, the lock tongue retracts, and the lock on the release hook 113 and the lifting plate hook 112 is released.

[0042] At this time, the thrust spring 117 pushes the release inner sleeve 103 upward under the preload, and the release inner sleeve 103 drives the lifting plate 102 upward. The lifting plate 102 further drives the sampling piston 303 upward through the lifting handle 2, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the sample storage cylinder (i.e., a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the sample storage cylinder). Under the action of the pressure difference, the water inlet piston 307 moves upward against the elastic force of the water inlet piston spring 312, the water inlet channel is opened, and the external seawater enters the sample storage cylinder along the conical surface gap of the lower cover 306 of the sample storage cylinder. When the sampling piston 303 rises to the sampling piston limiter 302, the sampling piston 303 stops moving, and the water sample collection volume in the sample storage cylinder reaches the preset value. At this time, the water inlet piston 307 resets under the elastic force of the water inlet piston spring 312, closes the water inlet channel, and completes the water sample collection at the first depth.

[0043] After the launcher 402 launches the magnetic launcher weight 403, the sampler begins to slowly rise under the buoyancy of the buoyancy block 401. During the rising process, the pressure sensor 506 continuously detects changes in water pressure, and the main control board 504 calculates the real-time depth of the sampler based on these changes. When the depth corresponding to the detected pressure value reaches the set second sampling depth value, the main control board 504 repeats the above sampling control logic, controlling the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 corresponding to the second depth sampling to de-energize, releasing the sampling piston 303, and enabling seawater to enter and be stored through pressure difference, thus completing the water sample collection at the second depth. Following this logic, the main control board 504 can sequentially control each sample storage module 3 to complete stratified sampling at different depths.

[0044] Ascent and Recovery Phase: After all sampling tasks at preset depths are completed, the sampler continues to rise under the action of buoyancy block 401 until it reaches the water surface. At this time, pressure sensor 506 detects that the water pressure has dropped to the surface ambient pressure (close to atmospheric pressure) and immediately transmits the signal to main control board 504. Main control board 504 controls positioning and communication combination antenna 509 to activate GPS / BeiDou positioning function to obtain the real-time location information of the sampler, and controls warning light 510 to turn on, emitting a high-brightness warning signal. At the same time, positioning and communication combination antenna 509 packages and sends the sampler's positioning information, sampling completion status, and other data to the host computer. After obtaining the information through the host computer, the staff steers the sampling vessel to the target location to recover the sampler.

[0045] After the sampling vessel arrives at the recovery site, the staff retrieves the sampler onto the vessel, releases the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, removes the lifting handle 2, and removes the sample storage module 3 from the sampler frame 1, sending it to the laboratory for water sample analysis. If sampling is required at the next sampling point, the above steps of sampling preparation, autonomous sinking and stratified sampling, and surfacing recovery are repeated to achieve continuous sampling operations.

[0046] Furthermore, for the water sample collected in the sample storage module 3, a dedicated sampling system is required for extraction. The sampling valve of the dedicated sampling system is connected to the sample storage cylinder via the drain connection thread 317. When the sampling valve is rotated, the valve core of the sampling valve pushes open the drain piston 309, and the water sample in the sample storage cylinder flows into the dedicated sampling system under its own pressure, completing the water sample extraction. After extraction, the sampling valve is removed, and the drain piston 309 is reset under the elastic force of the drain piston spring 310, closing the drain channel. This dedicated sampling valve and sampling system are not within the scope of protection of this patent application.

[0047] Its usage process is as follows: 1. Assemble sample storage module 3: After fitting the sampling piston 303 with the X-type high-pressure sealing ring 304, insert it into the sample storage cylinder shell 301. Install the sampling barrel lower cover 306, water inlet piston 307, water inlet piston spring 312, and water inlet spring washer 313 in sequence at the bottom, and fix the lower cover with the concave and convex toothed groove (ensure that the lower cover sealing ring 314 is in place); install the water drain piston 309, water drain piston spring 310, and water drain spring washer 311 at the bottom to complete the assembly of a single sample storage module (6 sets are assembled in total).

[0048] 2. Fixing System Components: Install the 6 sets of sample storage modules 3 into the mounting slots of the sampler frame 1 in sequence, rotate the sample storage cylinder fixing handle 109, and lock the sample storage modules through the upper fixing block 108 and the lower fixing block 107 of the sample storage cylinder; fix the buoyancy blocks 401 (customized buoyancy of 800N, matching the total weight of the system of 650N) to the top two sides of the sampler frame 1, install the launcher 402 below the buoyancy blocks, and attract magnetic launcher weight blocks 403 (each block weighs 5kg, a total of 6 blocks); fix the control chamber 5 to the bottom of the sampler frame 1, and connect the control chamber to the launcher and the waterproof electromagnetic lock wires through the cable 508.

[0049] 3. Establish a wireless connection between the laptop (host computer) and the positioning and communication antenna 509 (communication distance ≥ 3000 meters), open the accompanying dedicated control software and read the core operating status of the system (including battery level, sensor online status, and electromagnetic lock operating status). Then, complete the configuration of various parameters in the control software, specifying the sampling depth sequence as "800 meters (first depth), 700 meters (second depth), 600 meters (third depth), 500 meters (fourth depth), 300 meters (fifth depth), 200 meters (sixth depth)". Calculate and set the sampling trigger pressure threshold based on the seawater density of 1.025 g / cm³ (approximately 8.04 MPa for 800 meters). Simultaneously, the obstacle avoidance threshold was set to "distance from the seabed < 0.5 meters," and the warning light 510 activation condition was set to "pressure < 0.1 MPa (surface environmental pressure)." After parameter configuration, a pre-adjustment operation was performed: Press the lifting plate 102 to confirm that the lifting plate hook 112 and release hook 113 are reliably engaged and the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 automatically locks. Then, press the lifting handle 2 to move the sampling piston 303 down until it is in contact with the water inlet piston 307. A "simulated sampling signal" was sent through the host computer to verify that after the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 is de-energized, the release sleeve 103 can drive the sampling piston 303 to complete a 15cm upward stroke (this stroke matches the 500mL volume of the sample storage cylinder), thus completing the pre-adjustment. Water sampling (marine operation)

[0050] 4. The system deployment sampling vessel is moored at the target sampling point. The windproof device of the side deck crane is turned off. The sampler is slowly lowered to the water surface by the crane (avoiding collision with the ship's side). After confirming that the system is vertical, the crane hook is disconnected. The sampler sinks autonomously under the gravity of the magnetically thrown weight block 403 (initial sinking speed is about 0.5m / s).

[0051] 5. During the descent of the sampler, the control system receives depth data (uploaded once per second by pressure sensor 506) and seabed distance data (uploaded once every 2 seconds by ultrasonic ranging sensor 507) in real time, and displays the real-time depth synchronously. When the depth reaches 800 meters (corresponding to a pressure of 8.04 MPa), the system triggers a sampling command, the launcher 402 is de-energized and launches a magnetic launcher weight 403, the waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 corresponding to the 800-meter sampling is released, the sampling piston 303 rises, and the water sample collection at that depth is completed.

[0052] After being launched, the sampler rises at a speed of approximately 0.2 m / s, and when it reaches the preset depths of 700 m (7.03 MPa), 600 m (6.03 MPa), 500 m (5.02 MPa), 300 m (3.01 MPa), and 200 m (2.01 MPa) in sequence, the system triggers the release of the corresponding group of waterproof electromagnetic locks, repeats the sampling action, and completes the water sample collection at each level in sequence.

[0053] In the abnormal situation handling, if the ultrasonic ranging sensor 507 measures "0.4 meters from the seabed" (less than the 0.5-meter threshold) during the sinking process, the system immediately triggers "forced ballast jettisoning" to jettison 6 magnetic ballast weights 403, and the sampler quickly rises. During the ascent, the sampler control system receives depth data in real time. If the depth matches the set sampling depth, the matching depth waterproof electromagnetic lock 114 is activated to release and sample at the set depth.

[0054] 6. After the sampler floats to the surface, when the pressure sensor detects a pressure <0.12MPa, the warning light will automatically flash red (1 time / second). The positioning and communication antenna will send GPS / BeiDou positioning information with an accuracy of ±5 meters to the host computer. The sampling vessel will navigate to the recovery point based on the positioning and retrieve the sampler onto the vessel using a crane. Then, the sample storage module will be removed, the fixing structure will be loosened, the lifting handle will be removed, and the 6 sets of sample storage modules will be vertically placed into a special insulated sample box.

[0055] The water sample must be extracted using a laboratory-specific pressure-holding sampler (not covered by this patent): Place the sample storage cylinder and sampling bottle in the pressure-holding sampler, connect the pressure push rod to the sampling piston, and the special sampling valve to the bottom cover of the sample storage cylinder, then rotate the sampling valve clockwise (torque 5N). m) The top-opening water piston allows water samples to flow into a 500mL sterile sampling bottle under the action of the pressure push rod. After sampling, the sampling valve is removed, and the water-discharging piston spring returns to its original position (the entire process is aseptic to prevent contamination). When cleaning and storing the equipment, rinse the sampler rack, lifting handle, and control chamber surface with fresh water to remove salt. After drying, check the sealing ring and wire connectors. The sample storage module is sterilized by high pressure and stored. The control chamber is recharged with electricity for subsequent operations.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device, characterized in that, The system includes a sampler frame, a lifting module, a sample storage module, a buoyancy module, and a control chamber. The sampler frame is a frame structure. The buoyancy module is detachably installed inside the sampler, while the sample storage module and lifting module are detachably installed on the outside. Multiple sets of magnetically thrown weights are installed at the bottom of the buoyancy module. The sample storage module includes multiple sample storage cylinders. The first end of each sample storage cylinder has a one-way sealing structure, and the second section has a fixing ring. A piston is installed inside each sample storage cylinder, and a lifting handle is fixedly connected to the piston. The lifting handle is slidably and sealingly connected to the fixing ring, and the lifting module is connected to the lifting handle. The control chamber, located on the sampler frame, controls the state of the lifting module and the magnetically thrown weights.

2. The modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The one-way sealing structure includes a sampling barrel lower cover and a water inlet piston. The sampling barrel lower cover is fixedly connected to the end of the sample storage cylinder. The water inlet piston is connected to the sampling barrel lower cover through a water inlet piston spring. When the water inlet piston spring is in the reset state, the side wall of the water inlet piston abuts against the inner wall of the sampling barrel lower cover. The contact surface between the sampling barrel lower cover and the water inlet piston is an inclined surface.

3. A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet piston has a through hole, and a drain piston is installed inside the through hole. The drain piston is connected to the through hole through a drain piston spring. When the drain piston spring is in the reset state, the sealing head at the end of the drain piston abuts against the end of the through hole. A drain connection threaded hole is provided on one side of the through hole, and the drain connection threaded hole communicates with the through hole.

4. A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy module includes a buoyancy block, a launcher, and a magnetic launcher. The launcher is located at the bottom of the buoyancy block and is magnetically connected to the magnetic launcher.

5. A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control cabin includes a control cabin shell, which is hollow inside and has a control cabin end cover at one end. A battery and a main control board are installed inside the control cabin shell. A pressure sensor, an ultrasonic ranging sensor, and a multi-wire watertight connector are installed on the control cabin end cover. The pressure sensor and the ultrasonic ranging sensor are installed on the control cabin end cover and are connected to the main control board via cables.

6. A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampler frame includes an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, and a mounting plate; the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are connected by the mounting plate; the sample storage module is detachably mounted on the outside of the mounting plate; a release device is detachably mounted on the inside of the mounting plate, and the release device is used to control the lifting module.

7. A modular deep-sea stratified airtight pressure-maintaining water sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting module includes a release outer sleeve, a release inner sleeve, a thrust spring, and a lifting plate. The release inner sleeve is slidably connected inside the release outer sleeve, and a thrust spring is disposed in the release inner sleeve. One end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the release outer sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the release inner sleeve. The end of the release inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. The first side of the lifting plate is connected to the lifting handle, and the second side of the lifting plate is connected to the release device via a hook. The release device includes a waterproof electromagnetic lock, a release hook, and a micro-motion spring. The waterproof electromagnetic lock is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate, the release hook is disposed at the output end of the waterproof electromagnetic lock, and the micro-motion spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the mounting plate and located on one side of the release hook.

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