Full-automatic centrifugal type tablet making and dyeing integrated machine control panel

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical instrument technical field, concretely for full -automatic centrifugal type making a machine control board of piece dyeing integration, including MCU control module, power module, communication module, program download module, MOS tube drive circuit, power indicator light circuit, analog signal protection circuit, CAN bus interface circuit, storage circuit and switch control circuit, the MCU control module is control core, is connected with power module, communication module, program download module, MOS tube drive circuit, analog signal protection circuit, CAN bus interface circuit, storage circuit, switch control circuit electricity respectively, wherein, power module provides stable voltage for each module, communication module realizes with the USB UART communication of host computer. The utility model sets up the power module output ripple little, the isolation is good, satisfies the power supply demand of MCU, sensor, actuator and different load, avoids the control invalidation caused by power interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a control board for a fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and staining machine. Background Technology

[0002] The fully automated centrifugal slide preparation and staining machine is a key piece of equipment in pathological testing. Its operation relies on a control board to handle core functions such as power supply, signal transmission, and actuator driving. However, existing control boards suffer from the following technical problems:

[0003] Poor power supply stability: The equipment needs to provide multiple voltage levels (such as +3.3V, +5V, ±5V, +24V) for different loads such as MCU (microcontroller unit), sensors, and MOSFETs. Existing power modules lack efficient filtering and isolation design, resulting in large output voltage ripple, which can easily interfere with sensitive components such as MCUs and cause control signal distortion.

[0004] Low communication reliability: The communication between the control board and the host computer mostly only supports basic data transmission, and there is no MCU program download mode switching and reset control mechanism. Manual operation is required during debugging, which is inefficient and prone to equipment failure due to operational errors.

[0005] In light of the problems mentioned above, we propose a control board for a fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing machine. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control board for a fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing machine to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing machine includes an MCU control module, a power module, a communication module, a program download module, a MOSFET drive circuit, a power indicator circuit, an analog signal protection circuit, a CAN bus interface circuit, a storage circuit, and a switch control circuit.

[0009] The MCU control module is the control core and is electrically connected to the power module, communication module, program download module, MOS transistor drive circuit, analog signal protection circuit, CAN bus interface circuit, storage circuit, and switch control circuit, respectively.

[0010] The power supply module provides a stable voltage for each module; the communication module enables USB-UART communication with the host computer.

[0011] Preferably, the power module includes a +24V power input unit, a +24V to +5V circuit, a +5V to +3.3V unit, and a +24V to ±5V unit;

[0012] The +24V power input unit includes 5A fuses F1 and F2, reverse polarity protection diode D00, common mode inductor L1, and capacitors C0 to C5.

[0013] The +24V to +5V circuit includes a voltage regulator chip LM2576-5, an inductor L3, a freewheeling diode D1-1, and a capacitor C7.

[0014] The +5V to +3.3V unit includes a voltage regulator chip AMS1117-3.3 and a capacitor C9; the +24V to ±5V unit includes a DC-DC converter A2409S-2WR3 and capacitors C10 to C18.

[0015] Preferably, the communication module includes interface J15, CH340 chip, PNP transistors 2TY-1 and 2TY-2, resistors R35 to R37, and capacitor C37.

[0016] Pin 1 of J15 is connected to +5V via FB30, pin 2 is connected to D-, pin 3 is connected to D+, and pin 4 is grounded via FB29.

[0017] The VCC of CH340 is connected to +3.3V, GND is grounded, D+ and D- are connected to D+ and D- of J15, TXD is connected to PA10 of the MCU, and RXD is connected to PA9 of the MCU.

[0018] The RTS of CH340 is connected to the base of 2TY-1 via R35, the emitter of 2TY-1 is connected to +3.3V, and the collector is connected to BOOT0 of the MCU and R36; the DTR of CH340 is connected to the base of 2TY-2 via R37, the emitter of 2TY-2 is connected to NRST of the MCU, and the collector is grounded.

[0019] Preferably, the MOS transistor driving circuit includes three sub-units with identical structures;

[0020] Each sub-unit includes a MOSFET, an NPN transistor S9013, resistors R1 to R4, capacitors C19 to C20, a diode D1, an LED lamp D2, fuses FB7 to FB8, and an interface J3.

[0021] The +24V terminal of the MOSFET is connected to R3 and the emitter of S9013;

[0022] The collector of the NPN transistor S9013 is connected to +5V and C19;

[0023] The base of the NPN transistor S9013 is connected to R1 and R2;

[0024] The other end of R1 is connected to the drive control pin of the MCU; the OUT terminal of the MOS transistor is connected to C20 and J3;

[0025] The GND terminal of the MOS transistor is connected to D1 and ground;

[0026] The +24V terminal is connected to D2 and FB7;

[0027] The other end of D2 is connected to R4, and the other end of R4 is connected to FB8;

[0028] FB7 to FB8 are connected to J3.

[0029] Preferably, the switch control circuit includes three sub-circuits with identical structures;

[0030] Each sub-circuit includes connectors, fuses, NPN transistors S9013, resistors, and filter capacitors;

[0031] The fuse is connected in series between the connector and the base of the NPN transistor S9013, between the connector and +5V, and between the connector and ground;

[0032] The base of the NPN transistor S9013 is connected to a resistor, the emitter is connected to a resistor and grounded, and the collector is connected to a resistor and the IO pin of the MCU.

[0033] The filter capacitor is connected in parallel between the MCU's IO pin and ground.

[0034] Preferably, in the first switch control sub-circuit, the connector is J8, the fuse is FB13~FB15, the NPN transistor is S9013-4, the resistor is R13~R15, and the filter capacitor is C25.

[0035] FB13 is connected in series between +5V and J8, FB14 is connected in series between J8 and ground, and FB15 is connected in series between J8 and the base of NPN transistor S9013-4.

[0036] The base of the transistor S9013-4 is connected to R13, the emitter is connected to ground via R14, and the collector is connected to R15 and the PB5 pin of the MCU.

[0037] The C25 is connected in parallel between PB5 and ground.

[0038] Preferably, the storage circuit includes a storage chip W25Q128 and a capacitor C29;

[0039] The VCC of the memory chip W25Q128 is connected to +3.3V, GND is grounded, CS is connected to the FLASH_CS pin of the MCU, SCLK is connected to the SPI_SCK pin of the MCU, MISO is connected to the SPI_MISO pin of the MCU, and MOSI is connected to the SPI_MOSI pin of the MCU.

[0040] C29 is connected in parallel between VCC and GND of the memory chip W25Q128.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0042] The power module has low output ripple and good isolation, meeting the power supply requirements of different loads such as MCUs, sensors, and actuators, and avoiding control failures caused by power supply interference.

[0043] The communication module uses CH340 to achieve USB-UART conversion and integrates BOOT0 mode switching and NRST reset functions, which can complete MCU program download and fault reset without manual operation, thus improving debugging efficiency.

[0044] The MOSFET drive circuit prevents the actuator from overloading and burning out the MOSFET, and allows for intuitive judgment of the drive status, reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0045] The analog signal protection circuit is powered by a fuse isolated from ±5V, effectively filtering out electromagnetic interference, reducing analog signal acquisition errors, and ensuring precise control of temperature and reagent concentration during slide preparation and staining.

[0046] The switch control circuit integrates overcurrent protection and filtering design to avoid instantaneous current surges and signal interference, and reduce the malfunction rate of external equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the MCU control module of this utility model;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the power module of this utility model;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the power indicator light circuit of this utility model;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the analog signal protection circuit of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the MOS transistor driving circuit of this utility model;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of the communication module of this utility model;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the program download module of this utility model;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the CAN bus interface circuit of this utility model;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the storage circuit of this utility model;

[0056] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the switch control circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0058] Please see Figure 1-10 The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing machine includes an MCU control module, a power module, a communication module, a program download module, a MOS tube drive circuit, a power indicator circuit, an analog signal protection circuit, a CAN bus interface circuit, a storage circuit, and a switch control circuit.

[0059] The MCU control module is the control core and is electrically connected to the power module, communication module, program download module, MOSFET drive circuit, analog signal protection circuit, CAN bus interface circuit, storage circuit, and switch control circuit.

[0060] The power supply module provides stable voltage to each module; the communication module enables USB-UART communication with the host computer; the program download module is used for writing MCU programs; the MOSFET drive circuit drives the actuators of the all-in-one machine; the power indicator circuit indicates the +24V power status; the analog signal protection circuit protects analog signal acquisition; the CAN bus interface circuit enables CAN communication with other modules of the all-in-one machine; the storage circuit stores programs and data; and the switch control circuit controls external devices.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the power module includes:

[0062] +24V power input unit, including:

[0063] 5A fuse F1, 5A fuse F2, reverse polarity protection diode D00, common mode inductor L1, capacitor C0, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5;

[0064] A capacitor C0, a capacitor C1, and a reverse polarity protection diode D00 are connected in parallel to terminals 1 and 2 of the common mode inductor L1. One end of the 5A fuse F1 is connected to terminal 1 of the common mode inductor L1, and the other end is connected to the negative power supply V-. One end of the 5A fuse F2 is connected to terminal 2 of the common mode inductor L1, and the other end is connected to the positive power supply VCC.

[0065] Capacitors C2, C3, C4, and C5 are connected in parallel to terminals 3 and 4 of the common mode inductor L1. Terminal 3 is grounded, and terminal 4 is connected to a +24V power supply.

[0066] The external DC24V is filtered and protected by the following units: overcurrent protection by fuse, reverse connection protection by diode, and high and low frequency interference is filtered out by capacitor and common mode inductor, resulting in a clean +24V output to power subsequent units.

[0067] +24V to +5V circuit, including:

[0068] Zener chip U0, inductor L3, freewheeling diode D1-1, capacitor C7;

[0069] The voltage regulator chip U0 uses the LM2576-5 chip. The input terminal of the voltage regulator chip U0 is connected to +24V, and the output terminal OUT is connected to inductor L3 and freewheeling diode D1-1. One end of the freewheeling diode D1-1 is grounded, one end of inductor L3 is connected to +5V, one end of capacitor C7 is connected to one end of inductor L3, and the other end is grounded.

[0070] The LM2576-5 chip features high-frequency chopping of the internal switching transistor, energy storage / release inductor L3, and waveform smoothing with freewheeling diode and capacitor C7, providing a high-efficiency output of +5V / 3A to meet the needs of high-current loads.

[0071] +5V to +3.3V unit, including:

[0072] Voltage regulator chip AMS1117-3.3, capacitor C9;

[0073] The Vin input terminal of the voltage regulator chip AMS1117-3.3 is connected to +5V, the Vout output terminal is connected to +3.3V, the GND terminal is grounded, one end of capacitor C9 is connected to the Vout output terminal, and the other end is grounded.

[0074] The AMS1117-3.3 voltage regulator chip uses linear dropout voltage regulation and capacitor C9 to filter out ripple, outputting a low-noise +3.3V to power sensitive loads such as MCUs.

[0075] +24V to ±5V unit, including:

[0076] A2409S-2WR3 chip, capacitors C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, and C18. The A2409S-2WR3 chip is used as an A2409S-2WR3 chip DC-DC converter.

[0077] The +Vin input terminal of the A2409S-2WR3 chip is connected to +24V, the -Vin input terminal is grounded, and capacitor C10 is connected in parallel between the +Vin input terminal and the -Vin input terminal.

[0078] The +Vout output terminal of the A2409S-2WR3 chip is connected to one end of capacitors C11, C12, C13, and C14 to output +5V, and the other end is grounded. The -Vout output terminal is connected to one end of capacitors C15, C16, C17, and C18 to output -5V, and the other end is grounded.

[0079] The A2409S-2WR3 chip generates ±5V through isolated DC-DC conversion and full-band filtering by the output capacitor, providing isolated and stable power to bipolar loads and improving system electromagnetic compatibility and safety.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, the communication module includes:

[0081] Interface J15, CH340 chip;

[0082] Pin 4 of interface J15 is connected to one end of fuse FB29, and the other end is grounded; pins 2 and 3 are connected to the D- line and D+ line respectively; pin 1 is connected to one end of fuse FB30, and the other end is connected to +5V.

[0083] The VCC pin of the CH340 chip is connected to a +3.3V power supply, the GND pin is grounded, the RXD pin is used to receive serial data from the MCU, the TXD pin is used to send serial data to the MCU, and the D+ and D- pins are connected to the D+ and D- pins of J15 respectively.

[0084] The VCC terminal of the CH340 chip is also connected to capacitor C37, one end of which is grounded.

[0085] The RTS pin of the CH340 chip is connected to one end of resistor R35, and the other end is connected to the base of transistor 2TY-1. The emitter of transistor 2TY-1 is connected to +3.3V, and the collector is connected to the BOOT0 pin of the MCU control module, one end of resistor R36, and the other end of resistor R36 is grounded.

[0086] The DTR pin of the CH340 chip is connected to one end of resistor R37, the other end of resistor R37 is connected to the base of transistor 2TY-2, the emitter of transistor 2TY-2 is connected to the NRST of the MCU control module, and the collector is grounded.

[0087] Data is transmitted via the D+ and D- pins of interface J15 to the D+ and D- pins of the CH340 chip; the CH340 chip converts the USB protocol data into UART serial port data and outputs it from the TXD pin to the serial port receive pin of the MCU control module, enabling the host computer to issue commands to the MCU control module.

[0088] The MCU control module sends data from the serial port pins, which is received by the CH340 chip's RXD pin. The CH340 converts the UART data into USB protocol data and transmits it to the host computer via interface J15 through D+ and D-, enabling the MCU to transmit status back to the host computer.

[0089] When the MCU control module needs to be configured to "ISP program download mode", the control signal makes the base of 2TY-1 go low → PNP transistor 2TY-1 turns on → the BOOT0 pin of the MCU control module is pulled to +3.3V (high level);

[0090] When the MCU control module needs "normal operation mode", the control signal makes the base of 2TY-1 go high → 2TY-1 is cut off → the BOOT0 pin level is pulled low by the MCU or other circuits, and enters normal operation.

[0091] When the MCU control module needs to be reset, the control signal makes the base of 2TY-2 go low → PNP transistor 2TY-2 turns on → the MCU's RESET pin is pulled to ground (low level); if the MCU control module is reset to "active low", the reset process is triggered, the running state is cleared and restarted;

[0092] After the reset is completed, the control signal makes the base of 2TY-2 go high → 2TY-2 is cut off → the RESET pin returns to high level, and the MCU control module enters normal operation from the reset state.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, the program download module includes:

[0094] Interface J14;

[0095] Pins 1, 2, 3, and 4 of interface J14 are connected to GND (ground), PA14 line, PA13 line, and +3.3V, respectively.

[0096] like Figure 5 As shown, the MOSFET driving circuit includes:

[0097] Three identical MOS transistor driver subunits;

[0098] The first MOSFET driver subunit includes:

[0099] MOS transistor 0, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, NPN transistor S9013-1, capacitor C19, capacitor C20, diode D1, LED tube D2, fuse FB7, fuse FB8, interface J3;

[0100] The +24V terminal of MOSFET 0 is connected to one end of resistor R3 and the emitter of NPN transistor S9013-1, with the other end of resistor R3 grounded; the collector of NPN transistor S9013-1 is connected to +5V and one end of capacitor C19, with the other end of capacitor C19 grounded; the base of NPN transistor S9013-1 is connected to one end of resistors R1 and R2, with the other end of resistor R1 connected to PA4, and the other end of resistor R2 grounded.

[0101] A capacitor C20 is connected between the OUT output terminal of MOSFET 0 and GND;

[0102] The GND terminal of MOSFET0 is also connected to diode D1 and ground. One end of diode D1 is connected to +24V. +24V is also connected to LED tube D2 and fuse FB7. One end of LED tube D2 is connected to resistor R4. One end of resistor R4 is connected to fuse FB8.

[0103] Interface J3 is connected to fuses FB7 and FB8.

[0104] The second MOSFET driver subunit includes:

[0105] MOS transistor 1, resistors R5, R6, R7, R8, NPN transistor S9013-2, capacitors C21 and C22, diode D3, LED tube D4, fuse FB9, fuse FB10, interface J4.

[0106] The +24V terminal of MOSFET 1 is connected to one end of resistor R7 and the emitter of NPN transistor S9013-2, with the other end of resistor R7 grounded. The collector of NPN transistor S9013-2 is connected to +5V and one end of capacitor C21, with the other end of capacitor C21 grounded. The base of NPN transistor S9013-2 is connected to one end of resistors R5 and R6, with the other end of resistor R5 connected to PA5, and the other end of resistor R6 grounded.

[0107] A capacitor C22 is connected between the OUT output terminal of MOS1 and GND;

[0108] The GND terminal of MOS1 is also connected to diode D3 and ground. One end of diode D3 is connected to +24V. +24V is also connected to LED tube D4 and fuse FB9. One end of LED tube D4 is connected to resistor R8. One end of resistor R8 is connected to fuse FB10.

[0109] Interface J4 is connected to fuses FB9 and FB10.

[0110] The third MOSFET driver subunit includes:

[0111] MOS transistor 2, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, NPN transistor S9013-3, capacitor C23, capacitor C24, diode D5, LED tube D6, fuse FB11, fuse FB12, interface J5;

[0112] The +24V terminal of MOSFET 2 is connected to one end of resistor R11 and the emitter of NPN transistor S9013-3, with the other end of resistor R11 grounded. The collector of NPN transistor S9013-3 is connected to +5V and one end of capacitor C23, with the other end of capacitor C23 grounded. The base of NPN transistor S9013-3 is connected to one end of resistors R9 and R10, with the other end of resistor R9 connected to PA6, and the other end of resistor R10 grounded.

[0113] A capacitor C24 is connected between the OUT output terminal of MOS2 and GND;

[0114] The GND terminal of MOS2 is also connected to diode D5 and ground. One end of diode D5 is connected to +24V. +24V is also connected to LED tube D6 and fuse FB11. One end of LED tube D6 is connected to resistor R12. One end of resistor R12 is connected to fuse FB12.

[0115] Interface J5 is connected to fuses FB11 and FB12.

[0116] like Figure 3 As shown, the power indicator circuit includes:

[0117] Diode indicator D0, resistor R0;

[0118] One end of the diode indicator D0 is grounded, and the other end is connected to resistor R0. One end of resistor R0 is connected to +24V.

[0119] like Figure 4 As shown, the analog signal protection circuit includes:

[0120] Interface J1, Interface J2;

[0121] Pins 1, 2, 3, and 4 of interface J1 are connected to fuses FB3, FB2, AD11, and FB1 respectively. One end of fuse FB3 is grounded, one end of fuse FB2 is connected to -5V, and one end of fuse FB2 is connected to +5V.

[0122] Pins 1, 2, 3, and 4 of interface J2 are connected to fuses FB6, FB5, AD10, and FB4, respectively. One end of fuse FB6 is grounded, one end of fuse FB5 is connected to -5V, and one end of fuse FB4 is connected to +5V.

[0123] like Figure 8 As shown, the CAN bus interface circuit includes:

[0124] Interface J6, pins 1 to 5 of interface J6 are connected in sequence to VCC power supply, V- power supply, CANL line and CANH line.

[0125] like Figure 10 As shown, the switch control circuit includes:

[0126] At least three identical switch control sub-circuits, each of which includes:

[0127] Connectors are used to connect to external signals or devices;

[0128] An overcurrent protection unit includes at least one fuse connected in series in the power supply path or signal path of the circuit to achieve overcurrent protection.

[0129] An NPN transistor, as a switching device, has its base connected to the signal input or control terminal through a resistor, its emitter grounded, and its collector connected to the load or signal output terminal.

[0130] A bias resistor, in conjunction with an NPN transistor, forms a bias circuit;

[0131] The filter capacitor has one end connected to the MCU's IO pin and the other end grounded, and is used to filter out interference signals.

[0132] In this circuit, the fuse of the overcurrent protection unit is connected in series between the connector and the subsequent circuit. The collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the power supply through a resistor. The IO pins of the MCU are connected to the relevant nodes through resistors to achieve control or signal detection.

[0133] According to claim 1, the multiplexer control circuit with overcurrent protection is characterized in that, in the first switch control sub-circuit:

[0134] The connector is J8 and has 3 pins;

[0135] The overcurrent protection unit includes fuses FB13, FB14, and FB15; FB13 is connected in series between the +5V power supply and J8, FB14 is connected in series in the grounding path of J8, and FB15 is connected in series in the path between the signal output of J8 and the base of the NPN transistor (S9013-4).

[0136] The NPN transistor is S9013-4. Its base is connected to the output of FB15 through resistor R13, its emitter is grounded through resistor R14, and its collector is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R15. The collector is also connected to the PB5 pin of the MCU.

[0137] The filter capacitor is C25, with one end connected to the PB5 pin and the other end grounded.

[0138] In the second switch control sub-circuit:

[0139] The connector is J9 and has 3 pins;

[0140] The overcurrent protection unit includes fuses FB17, FB18, and FB16; FB17 is connected in series between the +5V power supply and J9, FB18 is connected in series in the grounding path of J9, and FB16 is connected in series in the path between the signal output of J9 and the base of the NPN transistor (S9013-5).

[0141] The NPN transistor is S9013-5. Its base is connected to the output of FB16 through resistor R17, its emitter is grounded through resistor R18, and its collector is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R19. The collector is also connected to the PB4 pin of the MCU.

[0142] The filter capacitor is C26, with one end connected to the PB4 pin and the other end grounded.

[0143] In the third-way switch control sub-circuit:

[0144] The connector is J10 and has 3 pins;

[0145] The overcurrent protection unit includes fuses FB19, FB21, and FB20; FB19 is connected in series between the +5V power supply and J10, FB21 is connected in series in the grounding path of J10, and FB20 is connected in series in the path between the signal output of J10 and the base of the NPN transistor (S9013-6).

[0146] The NPN transistor is S9013-6. Its base is connected to the output of FB20 through resistor R21, its emitter is grounded through resistor R22, and its collector is connected to the +3.3V power supply through resistor R23. The collector is also connected to the PB3 pin of the MCU.

[0147] The filter capacitor is C27, with one end connected to the PB3 pin and the other end grounded.

[0148] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control board for a fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine, characterized in that: It includes an MCU control module, a power module, a communication module, a program download module, a MOSFET driver circuit, a power indicator circuit, an analog signal protection circuit, a CAN bus interface circuit, a storage circuit, and a switch control circuit. The MCU control module is the control core and is electrically connected to the power module, communication module, program download module, MOS transistor drive circuit, analog signal protection circuit, CAN bus interface circuit, storage circuit, and switch control circuit, respectively. The power supply module provides a stable voltage to each module; the communication module enables USB-UART communication with the host computer.

2. The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes a +24V power input unit, a +24V to +5V circuit, a +5V to +3.3V unit, and a +24V to ±5V unit; The +24V power input unit includes 5A fuses F1 and F2, reverse polarity protection diode D00, common mode inductor L1, and capacitors C0 to C5. The +24V to +5V circuit includes a voltage regulator chip LM2576-5, an inductor L3, a freewheeling diode D1-1, and a capacitor C7. The +5V to +3.3V unit includes a voltage regulator chip AMS1117-3.3 and a capacitor C9; the +24V to ±5V unit includes a DC-DC converter A2409S-2WR3 and capacitors C10 to C18.

3. The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module includes interface J15, CH340 chip, PNP transistors 2TY-1 and 2TY-2, resistors R35 to R37, and capacitor C37. Pin 1 of J15 is connected to +5V via FB30, pin 2 is connected to D-, pin 3 is connected to D+, and pin 4 is grounded via FB29. The VCC of CH340 is connected to +3.3V, GND is grounded, D+ and D- are connected to D+ and D- of J15, TXD is connected to PA10 of the MCU, and RXD is connected to PA9 of the MCU. The RTS of CH340 is connected to the base of 2TY-1 via R35, the emitter of 2TY-1 is connected to +3.3V, and the collector is connected to BOOT0 of the MCU and R36; the DTR of CH340 is connected to the base of 2TY-2 via R37, the emitter of 2TY-2 is connected to NRST of the MCU, and the collector is grounded.

4. The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MOS transistor driving circuit includes three sub-units with identical structures. Each sub-unit includes a MOSFET, an NPN transistor S9013, resistors R1 to R4, capacitors C19 to C20, a diode D1, an LED lamp D2, fuses FB7 to FB8, and an interface J3. The +24V terminal of the MOSFET is connected to R3 and the emitter of S9013; The collector of the NPN transistor S9013 is connected to +5V and C19; The base of the NPN transistor S9013 is connected to R1 and R2; The other end of R1 is connected to the drive control pin of the MCU; the OUT terminal of the MOS transistor is connected to C20 and J3; The GND terminal of the MOS transistor is connected to D1 and ground; The +24V terminal is connected to D2 and FB7; The other end of D2 is connected to R4, and the other end of R4 is connected to FB8; FB7 to FB8 are connected to J3.

5. The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch control circuit includes three sub-circuits with identical structures. Each sub-circuit includes connectors, fuses, NPN transistors S9013, resistors, and filter capacitors; The fuse is connected in series between the connector and the base of the NPN transistor S9013, between the connector and +5V, and between the connector and ground; The base of the NPN transistor S9013 is connected to a resistor, the emitter is connected to a resistor and grounded, and the collector is connected to a resistor and the IO pin of the MCU. The filter capacitor is connected in parallel between the MCU's IO pin and ground.

6. The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the first switch control sub-circuit, the connector is J8, the fuse is FB13~FB15, the NPN transistor is S9013-4, the resistor is R13~R15, and the filter capacitor is C25. FB13 is connected in series between +5V and J8, FB14 is connected in series between J8 and ground, and FB15 is connected in series between J8 and the base of NPN transistor S9013-4. The base of the transistor S9013-4 is connected to R13, the emitter is connected to ground via R14, and the collector is connected to R15 and the PB5 pin of the MCU. The C25 is connected in parallel between PB5 and ground.

7. The control board of the fully automatic centrifugal slide preparation and dyeing integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage circuit includes a storage chip W25Q128 and a capacitor C29; The VCC of the memory chip W25Q128 is connected to +3.3V, GND is grounded, CS is connected to the FLASH_CS pin of the MCU, SCLK is connected to the SPI_SCK pin of the MCU, MISO is connected to the SPI_MISO pin of the MCU, and MOSI is connected to the SPI_MOSI pin of the MCU. C29 is connected in parallel between VCC and GND of the memory chip W25Q128.

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