An assembly type multi-channel collaborative loading test device

Abstract

The application provides an assembly type multi-channel cooperative loading test device, and belongs to the technical field of material mechanical property testing equipment. The device comprises a fixing mechanism, a support frame, a fastening assembly, a clamp assembly and a hydraulic loading mechanism. The fixing mechanism is embedded in a foundation and is used for fixing and supporting a test piece. The support frame is assembled on the fixing mechanism and has a self-balancing structure in the shape of "#", and can form a closed force flow circulation. The fastening assembly is arranged on the support frame and is used for quickly and accurately fastening the support frame. The clamp assembly is detachably assembled on the support frame and comprises a replaceable upper clamp. The inner cavity shape of the upper clamp is matched with the shape of the test piece. The device can adapt to test fixtures of different test pieces, does not need to customize special fixtures for different test pieces, reduces test cost, and improves test precision through the self-balancing structure of the shape of the support frame to form a force flow circulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of various material mechanical property testing equipment, and more specifically, to an assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device. Background Technology

[0002] Composite materials, thanks to their rational structural design, break through the performance limitations of single materials and exhibit excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. As a result, they have been widely and significantly applied in many fields such as aerospace, automotive industry, and sports equipment. With the continuous expansion of composite material application scenarios, the accurate testing of their mechanical properties has become a core prerequisite for ensuring the safety and reliability of engineering applications, and directly affects the design optimization and quality control of related products. However, the existing fixtures used for composite mechanical property testing are fixed structures with one-to-one customized designs. They can only be adapted to specific models and sizes of actuators or specimens of fixed specifications. They cannot flexibly meet the diverse testing needs of different shapes, sizes or stress requirements. Due to the fixed structure and poor flexibility, frequent overall replacement or complex adjustments are required when facing different testing tasks, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the test. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an assemblable multi-channel collaborative loading test device. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] To this end, this application provides an assemblable multi-channel collaborative loading test device that can adapt to test fixtures for different specimens and improve test accuracy by forming a force flow circulation through a self-balancing structure with a support frame shape.

[0005] The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device provided in this application includes a fixing mechanism, a support frame, a fastening assembly, a clamping assembly, and a hydraulic loading mechanism. The fixing mechanism is embedded in the foundation and used to fix and support the specimen. The support frame, assembled on the fixing mechanism, has a "#"-shaped self-balancing structure that can form a closed force flow loop. The fastening assembly is disposed on the support frame and used to achieve rapid and precise fastening of the support frame. The clamping assembly is detachably assembled on the support frame and includes a replaceable upper clamp whose inner cavity shape is adapted to the shape of the specimen. The hydraulic loading mechanism includes four high-precision loading channels, which are respectively connected to different loading points of the clamping assembly to achieve synchronous coordinated loading of directional loads.

[0006] In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism includes: a lower fixing base on which the specimen is disposed; and two lower fixing bolts symmetrically inserted through the lower fixing base.

[0007] In some embodiments, the clamp assembly includes: two tension bolts symmetrically disposed on the upper clamp, with the two tension bolts coaxially distributed with the corresponding lower fixing bolts; two nuts threadedly connected to each tension bolt; two circular bearing washers fitted onto the corresponding tension bolts and conforming to the bottom of the nuts; a plurality of square bearing washers uniformly and vertically distributed on the corresponding tension bolts; a plurality of sliding rollers uniformly distributed between the two vertical square bearing washers; two longitudinal bearing washers symmetrically disposed on both longitudinal sides of the upper clamp; and two lateral bearing washers symmetrically disposed on both lateral sides of the upper clamp.

[0008] In some embodiments, the support frame includes: two lower longitudinal beams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper clamp; two I-beams symmetrically fitted onto the two lower longitudinal beams; two top short longitudinal beams respectively fitted onto each of the tension bolts, the top of the top short longitudinal beam abutting against the bottom of the directional bearing pad, and the bottom of its two sides abutting against the tops of the two I-beams; an auxiliary short longitudinal beam fixedly disposed at the bottom of one of the lower longitudinal beams; and a transverse bearing pad disposed on one side of the auxiliary short longitudinal beam and extending to the lower fixed base.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly includes: a plurality of first pin holes, evenly spaced along the length of each of the I-beams; a plurality of second pin holes, evenly spaced along the length of each of the lower longitudinal beams; a plurality of first fixing pins, passing through the corresponding first pin holes and extending into the second pin holes of the lower longitudinal beams; and a plurality of second fixing pins, passing through the corresponding second pin holes and extending into the auxiliary short longitudinal beams.

[0010] In some embodiments, the hydraulic loading mechanism includes: two vertical servo brakes, each passing through each of the tension bolts and positioned between the circular pressure-bearing pad and the square pressure-bearing pad; a lateral servo brake, disposed on the lateral side of the upper clamp and abutting against the corresponding lateral pressure-bearing pad; and a longitudinal servo brake, disposed on the longitudinal side of the upper clamp and abutting against the corresponding longitudinal pressure-bearing pad.

[0011] In some embodiments, the centerlines of the two longitudinal bearing pads and the two lateral bearing pads coincide with the centerline of the upper clamp.

[0012] In some embodiments, a door-shaped operating handle is provided at the top of each of the first fixing pins and each of the second fixing pins.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top and bottom of each I-beam are hollowed-out recessed solid structures.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lower fixing plate is made of high-strength steel plate by precision milling.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided in this application includes at least the following technical effects: The assemblable multi-channel collaborative loading test device provided in this application can adapt to test fixtures for different specimens, and forms a force flow circulation through a self-balancing structure with a support frame shape, thereby improving test accuracy. The fixing mechanism is embedded into the foundation and tightened to ensure a rigid, slip-free connection. Then, the "#"-shaped support frame is assembled onto the fixing mechanism. The frame is quickly and precisely tightened using fastening components, forming a closed-loop force flow foundation. The level is adjusted using a level. Based on the shape of the test specimen, a suitable upper clamp is replaced, and the clamp assembly is installed onto the support frame. Finally, the specimen is fixed between the fixing mechanism and the upper clamp, completing the specimen clamping. The hydraulic loading mechanism is activated, and through four high-precision loading channels, a preset proportion of load is simultaneously applied to different loading points of the clamp assembly. During loading, the closed-loop force flow of the support frame ensures that all loading forces and reactions are self-balanced within the frame, preventing external forces from affecting the experimental foundation. Each loading channel works collaboratively to ensure that multi-directional loads are accurately transmitted to time according to the preset timing and amplitude, simulating actual stress conditions. During the test, the measurement and control system monitors the load deviation of each channel in real time. If the load deviation of any channel exceeds ±5% of the preset value, or if the structural deformation exceeds the safety limit, a synchronous unloading procedure is executed. The replaceable upper fixture can be precisely adapted to the shape of the specimen, breaking the limitation of the single adaptability of traditional fixed fixtures. It eliminates the need to customize special tooling for different specimens, reducing the test cost and expanding the practical testing range of the device. At the same time, the "#"-shaped self-balancing structure of the support frame forms a closed force flow cycle, so that the loading force can achieve internal balance without relying on a specially reinforced test foundation, reducing the foundation requirements of the test site and improving the system rigidity and test accuracy.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test apparatus for some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of the test apparatus according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and fastening components according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and clamp assembly according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 The exploded view shows the structure of the clamping assembly and hydraulic loading mechanism in some embodiments of this application.

[0018] in, Figures 1 to 5 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows: 101. Lower longitudinal beam; 102. I-beam; 103. Top short longitudinal beam; 104. Auxiliary short longitudinal beam; 105. Transverse bearing pad; 201. Tension bolt; 202. Nut; 203. Circular bearing gasket; 204. Square bearing gasket; 205. Sliding roller; 206. Upper clamp; 207. Longitudinal bearing gasket; 208. Lateral bearing gasket; 301. Lower fixing bolts; 302. Lower fixing base; 401. Vertical servo brake; 402. Lateral servo brake; 403. Longitudinal servo brake; 501. First fixing pin; 502. Second fixing pin; 503. First pin hole; 504. Second pin hole; 601. Specimen. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] The following reference Figures 1 to 5 This application describes an assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test apparatus provided according to some embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, an assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to some embodiments of this application includes a fixing mechanism, a support frame, a fastening assembly, a clamping assembly, and a hydraulic loading mechanism. The fixing mechanism is embedded in the foundation and is used to fix and support the specimen 601. The support frame is assembled on the fixing mechanism and has a "#"-shaped self-balancing structure, which can form a closed force flow loop. The fastening assembly is disposed on the support frame and is used to achieve rapid and precise fastening of the support frame. The clamping assembly is detachably assembled on the support frame and includes a replaceable upper clamp 206, the inner cavity shape of which is adapted to the outer shape of the specimen 601. The hydraulic loading mechanism includes four high-precision loading channels, which are respectively connected to different loading points of the clamping assembly to achieve synchronous coordinated loading of directional loads.

[0023] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism is first embedded into the foundation and tightened to ensure a rigid, slip-free connection with the foundation. Then, the "#"-shaped support frame is assembled onto the fixing mechanism. The frame is quickly and precisely tightened using fastening components, forming a closed-loop force flow foundation. The level is adjusted using a level. Based on the shape of the test specimen 601, a suitable upper clamp 206 is replaced, and the clamp assembly is installed onto the support frame. Finally, the specimen 601 is fixed between the fixing mechanism and the upper clamp 206, completing the clamping of the specimen 601. The hydraulic loading mechanism is then activated, using four... The high-precision loading channels synchronously apply a preset proportion of load to different loading points of the fixture assembly. During the loading process, the closed force flow circulation of the support frame enables all loading forces and reaction forces to self-balance within the frame, avoiding the impact of external forces on the experimental foundation. Each loading channel works in concert to ensure that multi-directional loads are accurately transmitted to time 601 according to the preset timing and amplitude, simulating the actual stress conditions at time 601. During the test, the measurement and control system monitors the load deviation of each channel in real time. If the load deviation of any channel exceeds ±5% of the preset value, or the structural deformation exceeds the safety limit, the synchronous unloading procedure is executed.

[0024] In this design, the replaceable upper clamp 206 can be precisely adapted to the shape of the specimen 601, breaking the limitation of the single adaptability of traditional fixed clamps. It eliminates the need to customize special tooling for different specimens 601, reducing the test cost and expanding the practical testing range of the device. At the same time, the "#"-shaped self-balancing structure of the supporting frame forms a closed force flow cycle, so that the loading force can achieve internal balance without relying on a specially reinforced test foundation, reducing the foundation requirements of the test site and improving the system rigidity and test accuracy.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the fixing mechanism includes: a lower fixing base 302, on which the specimen 601 is placed; and two lower fixing bolts 301, which are symmetrically inserted through the lower fixing base 302.

[0026] In this embodiment, the lower fixed base 302, with its high-strength structure and flat surface, provides a stable bearing platform for the specimen 601. It can evenly transfer the multi-directional loads borne by the specimen 601 during the test to the foundation, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause deformation of the base or the specimen 601. Two symmetrically distributed lower fixing bolts 301 are inserted into the symmetrical mounting holes reserved on the lower fixed base 302 and penetrate into the foundation to form a rigid connection with the foundation, providing fixed support for the base and ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the device.

[0027] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the clamp assembly includes: two tension bolts 201, symmetrically mounted on the upper clamp 206, with the two tension bolts 201 and the corresponding lower fixing bolts 301 coaxially distributed; two nuts 202, threadedly connected to each tension bolt 201; two circular bearing washers 203, fitted onto the corresponding tension bolts 201 and fitting against the bottom of the nuts 202; multiple square bearing washers 204, evenly and vertically distributed on the corresponding tension bolts 201; multiple sliding rollers 205, evenly distributed between the two vertical square bearing washers 204; two longitudinal bearing washers 207, symmetrically arranged on both longitudinal sides of the upper clamp 206; and two lateral bearing washers 208, symmetrically arranged on both lateral sides of the upper clamp 206.

[0028] In this embodiment, two tension bolts 201 are symmetrically passed through the preset mounting holes of the upper clamp 206 to ensure that the relative positions of the bolts and the upper clamp 206 are fixed. Then, the upper clamp 206 is installed on the specimen 601 placed on the lower fixed base 302, and the tension bolts 201 and the lower fixed bolts 301 are coaxially aligned. After the support frame is fitted onto the tension bolts 201, square pressure-bearing pads 204 are sequentially fitted along each tension bolt 201 from bottom to top, and sliding rollers 205 are embedded between two adjacent square pressure-bearing pads 204. Then, the corresponding brake is fitted onto the tension bolt 201, with the bottom tightly against the square... The bearing plate 204 is then placed on top of the tension bolt 201, and a circular bearing washer 203 is fitted on top. The nut 202 is then threaded onto the bolt and tightened to the preset torque using a torque wrench to complete the assembly of the central bearing structure. Using the central axis of the upper clamp 206 as a reference, two longitudinal bearing washers 207 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the upper clamp 206, ensuring that the center line of the washers coincides with the center line of the upper clamp 206. Using the same positioning reference, two lateral bearing washers 208 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the lateral direction of the upper clamp 206, so that the lateral and longitudinal washers are distributed perpendicularly at 90°, forming a multi-directional load-bearing interface.

[0029] In this design, the coaxial design of the tension bolt 201 and the lower fixing bolt 301, combined with the load-dispersing effect of the square 204 and the circular bearing pad 203, ensures that the vertical load is accurately transferred to the specimen 601 along the axis, avoiding the generation of additional bending moment. The symmetrical layout and centerline alignment of the longitudinal and lateral bearing pads 208 enable multi-directional loads to be evenly applied to the specimen 601, achieving uncoupled transfer of channel loads and improving the accuracy of test data. In some possible embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the support frame includes: two lower longitudinal beams 101, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper clamp 206; two I-beams 102, symmetrically fitted onto the two lower longitudinal beams 101; two top short longitudinal beams 103, respectively fitted onto each tension bolt 201, with the top of the top short longitudinal beam 103 abutting against the bottom of the directional bearing pad 204, and its bottom sides abutting against the tops of the two I-beams 102; an auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104, fixedly installed at the bottom of its lower longitudinal beam 101; and transverse bearing pads 105, installed on the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104. The fastening assembly includes: a plurality of first pin holes 503, which are evenly spaced along the length direction and pass through each I-beam 102; a plurality of second pin holes 504, which are evenly spaced along the length direction and pass through each lower longitudinal beam 101; a plurality of first fixing pins 501, which pass through the corresponding first pin holes 503 and extend into the second pin holes 504 of the lower longitudinal beam 101; and a plurality of second fixing pins 502, which pass through the corresponding second pin holes 504 and extend into the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104.

[0030] In this embodiment, two lower longitudinal beams 101 are symmetrically placed on the lower fixed bases 302 on both sides of the upper clamp 206 to ensure their verticality and spacing are accurate. Then, the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104 is aligned with the bottom preset position of one of the lower longitudinal beams 101 and adjusted to a fitted state. The second fixing pin 502 is inserted into the second pin hole 504 of the lower longitudinal beam 101 and extends into the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104 to lock the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104. Finally, one end of the transverse bearing pad 105 is connected to the auxiliary short longitudinal beam. 104 is fixed, and the other end is placed on top of the lower fixed base 302. The two I-beams 102 are respectively fitted onto the two lower longitudinal beams 101. According to the test loading height requirements, the position of the I-beams 102 is adjusted to align the first pin hole 503 on the I-beams 102 with the second pin hole 504 on the lower longitudinal beams 101. The first fixing pins 501 are inserted into the holes one by one and locked through to achieve a rigid connection between the I-beams 102 and the lower longitudinal beams 101. The two top short longitudinal beams 103 are respectively fitted onto... The square bearing pad 204 is placed on the two tension bolts 201, with its bottom sides fitting against the top of the two I-beams 102. Then, the square bearing pad 204 is fitted onto the tension bolts 201 and fitted against the top of the top short longitudinal beam 103, completing the support frame construction. The fastening components achieve precise locking of each part. After the hydraulic loading mechanism is activated, the load of each channel is transmitted to the clamping assembly according to preset instructions. The vertical load is transmitted to the top short longitudinal beam 103 through the square bearing pad 204. The top short longitudinal beam 103 evenly distributes the load to the I-beams 102 on both sides. The I-beam 102 serves as the lateral load-bearing core, transferring the vertical load to the lower longitudinal beam 101. The lower longitudinal beam 101 then transfers the load to the lower fixed base 302 and the foundation. Simultaneously, the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104 and the lateral load-bearing pad 105 form lateral support to resist the overturning moment generated by the loading of the frame and prevent the frame from shifting. Throughout the process, the load forms a closed force flow cycle between the "top short longitudinal beam 103 - I-beam 102 - lower longitudinal beam 101 - fixed base 302", achieving internal force balance.

[0031] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic loading mechanism includes: two vertical servo brakes 401, which are respectively installed on each tension bolt 201 and are located between a circular pressure-bearing pad 203 and a square pressure-bearing pad 204; a lateral servo brake 402, which is located on the lateral side of the upper clamp 206 and abuts against the corresponding lateral pressure-bearing pad 208; and a longitudinal servo brake 403, which is located on the longitudinal side of the upper clamp 206 and abuts against the corresponding longitudinal pressure-bearing pad 207.

[0032] In this embodiment, the test control system sends an electrical signal to the servo valve of the brake according to the preset loading scheme. The servo valve controls the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil according to the signal command, pushing the piston inside the brake to move linearly. The piston drives the loading end to apply pressure to the bearing pad, and the pressure is transmitted to the upper clamp 206 through the pad, and finally acts on the specimen 601. At the same time, the force sensor and displacement sensor built into the brake collect the load value and piston displacement data in real time, and feed them back to the control system to form a closed-loop control, ensuring that the actual loading value is consistent with the preset value, and achieving high-precision loading. The load of the two vertical servo brakes 401 is transmitted to the top short longitudinal beam 103 (e.g., circular bearing pad 203, square bearing pad 204) through the circular bearing pad 203 and square bearing pad 204. Figure 5 As shown in F1 and F2), the load is then applied vertically to the specimen 601 via the upper clamp 206; the load of the lateral servo brake 402 is directly transmitted to the lateral side of the upper clamp 206 via the lateral bearing pad 208 (as shown in F1 and F2). Figure 5 As shown in F3), the load acts laterally on specimen 601; the load of the longitudinal servo brake 403 is transmitted to the longitudinal direction of the upper clamp 206 via the longitudinal bearing pad 207 (as shown in F3). Figure 5 As shown in F4, the force is applied longitudinally to specimen 601; the three transmission paths are independent and precise, enabling simultaneous testing of the multi-directional mechanical properties of specimen 601.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the center lines of the two longitudinal bearing gaskets 207 and the two lateral bearing gaskets 208 coincide with the center line of the upper clamp 206.

[0034] In this embodiment, the off-center loading effect during multi-directional loading is eliminated, ensuring that the load is transmitted along the theoretical axis of the specimen 601. This effectively avoids abnormal damage to the specimen 601 due to off-center loading, improves the safety of the test, reduces systematic errors in the test data, and makes the test results more accurately reflect the mechanical properties of the composite material, providing reliable data support for engineering applications.

[0035] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, each of the first fixing pins 501 and each of the second fixing pins 502 is provided with a door-shaped operating handle at the top.

[0036] In this embodiment, the gantry-shaped operating handle simplifies the rotation operation of the fixing pin, improving the efficiency of device assembly and disassembly.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top and bottom of each I-beam 102 are hollowed-out recessed solid structures.

[0038] In this embodiment, the hollowed-out recessed design makes it easy to place the fixing pin on the top of the I-beam 102, and the structural recess at the bottom is aligned to facilitate the extension of the fixing pin, so as to achieve horizontal balance when the whole frame is placed on the ground.

[0039] In some possible embodiments, the lower fixed base 302 is made of high-strength steel plate by precision milling.

[0040] In this embodiment, the material properties of the high-strength steel plate enable the lower fixed base 302 to withstand the maximum load applied by the hydraulic loading mechanism without plastic deformation, ensuring the long-term stability of the foundation support; the high flatness of the precision milled upper surface provides a uniform bearing surface for the specimen 601, avoiding local stress concentration in the specimen 601 due to unevenness of the lower fixed base 302 surface.

[0041] When operating this assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device, first, a fixed base 302 is placed. Two lower fixing bolts 301 are symmetrically passed through the mounting holes of the base and inserted into the special foundation of the test chamber. A high-precision electro-hydraulic servo brake is then fitted onto the fixing bolts 301 at the bottom of the foundation, applying prestress to the bolts to the designed tonnage. In this state, the nuts 202 are tightened. The fixed base 302 disperses the prestressing force, ensuring a slip-free, rigid, and uniformly prestressed connection between the base and the foundation, providing a stable foundation for the entire experiment. The "#"-shaped frame composed of the lower longitudinal beams 101 and I-beams 102 is then hoisted to the test site. The base's level is adjusted using a level. The auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104 is then aligned with the bottom of one of the lower longitudinal beams 101, and the second fixing bolt is inserted... Pin 502 is inserted into the holes of the long longitudinal beam 101 and the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104 for locking. Then, one end of the transverse bearing pad 105 is fixed to the auxiliary short longitudinal beam 104, and the other end extends to the lower fixed base 302 to enhance the anti-overturning capacity. Subsequently, two I-beams 102 are fitted onto the lower long longitudinal beam 101. After adjusting the position according to the loading height, the first fixing pin 501 is inserted into the aligned holes of the crossbeams 102 and the long longitudinal beam 101 for locking. Finally, the top short longitudinal beam 103 is fitted onto the tension bolt 201. Its bottom sides are precisely fitted with the hollowed-out recesses on the top of the I-beams 102 to form a closed force flow circulation frame foundation. According to the test requirements, the test piece 601 is fixed to the lower fixed base 302. The replaceable upper part is replaced with a replacement that matches the shape of the test piece 601. The clamp 206 is used to symmetrically pass two tension bolts 201 through the upper clamp 206, ensuring they are coaxially distributed with the lower fixing bolts 301. Then, the bolts are smoothly cut into the slots of the upper clamp 206 along the direction directly opposite the specimen 601 for fixation. Components are then fitted onto the tension bolts 201 in the order of "square bearing pad 204 - sliding roller 205 - square bearing pad 204". The vertical servo brake 401 is then fitted, and a circular bearing pad 203 and nut 202 are placed on top. These are then tightened to the preset torque using a torque wrench, completing the assembly of the central load-bearing structure. Using the centerline of the upper clamp 206 as a reference, the longitudinal 207 and lateral bearing pads 208 are symmetrically fixed to the corresponding sides of the clamp, ensuring the centerlines of the pads coincide with the centerline of the clamp, forming a multi-directional load-bearing structure. The interface is configured so that the lateral servo brake 402 and longitudinal servo brake 403 are aligned with the lateral servo brake 208 and longitudinal bearing pad 207, respectively, ensuring that the center line of each brake coincides with the center line of the specimen 601, and that the loading axis is consistent with the theoretical force axis of the specimen 601 to eliminate off-center loading. Finally, the oil pipes of each brake are connected to the measurement and control circuit to ensure smooth hydraulic supply and signal transmission. The design load parameters and graded loading scheme of the specimen 601 are input into the control cabinet, and the automatic loading program is started. The four high-precision channels of the hydraulic loading mechanism apply force synchronously according to the preset ratio. The vertical load is transmitted to the I-beam 102 through the bearing pad 204 and the top short longitudinal beam 103, and then to the foundation through the frame. The lateral servo brake 208 and longitudinal load are directly transmitted to the specimen 601 through the corresponding bearing pads.After each loading stage, a hold-load phase begins. Operators remotely observe the status of specimen 601. Once no abnormalities are confirmed, loading continues. When the design load is reached, the hold-load check is repeated. Finally, the specimen 601 is loaded to its breaking load. The measurement and control system collects real-time load values, displacements, and deformation data of specimen 601 for each channel. If the load deviation of a certain channel exceeds ±5% or the deformation exceeds the safety limit, the system automatically executes a synchronous unloading procedure to prevent abnormal damage to specimen 601 or equipment damage.

[0042] In this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The term "multiple" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device, characterized in that, include: The fixing mechanism, embedded in the foundation, is used to fix and support the specimen; The support frame, assembled on the fixing mechanism, has a "#" shaped self-balancing structure, which can form a closed force flow loop; Fastening components are provided on the support frame to enable rapid and precise fastening of the support frame; The clamping assembly is detachably mounted on the support frame and includes a replaceable upper clamp whose inner cavity shape is adapted to the shape of the specimen. The hydraulic loading mechanism includes four high-precision loading channels, which are respectively connected to different loading points of the clamping assembly to achieve synchronous and coordinated loading of directional loads.

2. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism includes: The lower fixed base, on which the specimen is placed; Two lower fixing bolts are symmetrically installed on the lower fixing base.

3. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamp assembly includes: Two tension bolts are symmetrically inserted into the upper clamp, and the two tension bolts are respectively distributed coaxially with the corresponding lower fixing bolts; Two nuts are threaded onto each of the tension bolts; Two circular pressure-bearing washers are fitted onto the corresponding tension bolts and fit against the bottom of the nuts; Multiple square pressure-bearing washers are evenly and vertically distributed and sleeved on the corresponding tension bolts; Multiple sliding rollers are evenly distributed between two vertical square pressure-bearing pads; Two longitudinal pressure-bearing pads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper clamp. Two lateral pressure-bearing pads are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper clamp.

4. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting framework includes: Two lower longitudinal beams are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper clamp; Two I-beams are symmetrically fitted onto the two lower longitudinal beams; Two top short longitudinal beams are respectively fitted onto each of the tension bolts. The top of the top short longitudinal beam abuts against the bottom of the directional bearing pad, and the bottom of its two sides abuts against the top of the two I-beams. An auxiliary short longitudinal beam is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower long longitudinal beam described herein; A transverse bearing pad is provided on one side of the auxiliary short longitudinal beam and extends to the lower fixed base.

5. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fastening assembly includes: Multiple first pin holes are evenly spaced and penetrated through each of the I-beams along the length direction; Multiple second pin holes are evenly spaced and penetrate each of the lower longitudinal beams along the length direction; Multiple first fixing pins are inserted into the corresponding first pin holes and extend into the second pin holes of the lower longitudinal beam; Multiple second fixing pins are inserted through corresponding second pin holes and extend into the auxiliary short longitudinal beam.

6. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydraulic loading mechanism includes: Two vertical servo brakes are respectively installed on each of the tension bolts and are located between the circular bearing pad and the square bearing pad; A lateral servo brake is disposed on the lateral side of the upper clamp and abuts against the corresponding lateral bearing pad; A longitudinal servo brake is disposed on the longitudinal side of the upper clamp and abuts against the corresponding longitudinal bearing pad.

7. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The centerlines of the two longitudinal bearing pads and the two lateral bearing pads coincide with the centerline of the upper clamp.

8. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each of the first and second fixing pins is provided with a door-shaped operating handle at its top.

9. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the I-beams has a hollowed-out, recessed solid structure at the top and bottom.

10. The assemblable multi-channel coordinated loading test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower fixing plate is made of high-strength steel plate through precision milling.

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