A kind of test device for detecting the impermeability of a plurality of tunnel materials

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of anti-infiltration performance testing devices of one-time detection multiple tunnel materials, belong to highway tunnel engineering technical field, including device main body, air pressure water level control module, safety valve, pressure gauge, multiple mould assemblies, humidity sensing sheet, humidity sensing module, flow guide groove, external measuring cylinder, blow-off valve and drain valve;Device main body is equipped with multiple mould installation grooves;Air pressure water level control module is used to provide controllable air pressure and water level to accommodating space;Mould assembly is screw-threaded with mould installation groove assembly;Humidity sensing sheet is used to detect humidity change outside the piece to be tested, and humidity sensing module is used to read and record humidity data;Flow guide groove is used to guide water seepage to flow into external measuring cylinder and measure water seepage amount.The utility model realizes the synchronous detection of the waterproof anti-infiltration capacity of multiple tunnel materials or different gradation of same material, and can simulate tunnel actual working condition, provide accurate data support for tunnel engineering material selection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of highway tunnel engineering technology, and in particular relates to a test device for the waterproof performance of multiple tunnel materials at one time. It is suitable for testing the waterproof performance of multiple materials or different grades of the same material in tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] In highway tunnel engineering, the waterproof and seepage-proof capabilities of tunnel materials are directly related to the structural safety and service life of the tunnel. Currently, the existing equipment or methods for detecting the waterproof and seepage-proof capabilities of tunnel materials mainly include the following: (1) Ground radar method: By emitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves into the lining, the reflected echo signal is analyzed to obtain the lining thickness, internal voids, steel reinforcement distribution, and grouting status behind the wall; this method has high detection efficiency, but the detection results are greatly affected by the internal steel reinforcement distribution and parameter settings, and the detection accuracy is limited; (2) Laser scanning method: High-precision three-dimensional data of the tunnel surface is obtained through laser scanning, and parameters such as tunnel convergence, cross-sectional deformation, surface misalignment, and segment splicing defects are obtained; this method has high accuracy (up to sub-millimeter level), but can only obtain surface geometric information. (3) Ultrasonic testing method: The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in materials (such as reflection and transmission) are used to obtain information such as lining thickness and internal defects (such as voids and looseness). This method is a single-point measurement, which is difficult to achieve rapid and comprehensive detection, and the detection results depend on the operator's experience. (4) Infrared thermal imaging method: Internal defects (such as water seepage and voids) are inferred by detecting abnormal surface temperature fields. The principle is that the thermal conductivity of the defect area is different from that of the normal area. This method is portable and sensitive to moisture, but has high requirements for ambient temperature and low accuracy. It needs to be verified in conjunction with other methods.

[0003] However, the existing detection technologies mentioned above have obvious limitations: (1) Limited detection depth and accuracy: When the ground-penetrating radar and ultrasonic methods detect deep voids or fine cracks behind the lining, the accuracy and precision decrease significantly. For example, the error range of the ground-penetrating radar in detecting the thickness of the secondary lining can reach -2.5 to +4.7 cm, which is difficult to meet the requirements for accurate assessment of seepage resistance; (2) Indirect and rough judgment of seepage: Infrared thermal imaging can only detect abnormal surface temperature and cannot quantitatively analyze the seepage volume, depth and range of seepage path, and the accuracy is limited; (3) Operation depends on experience and is inefficient: The interpretation of the results of ground-penetrating radar, ultrasonic detection and other methods depends heavily on the experience of the operators. Ground-penetrating radar has a fast detection speed but a large workload for interpretation. Although laser scanning is fast and accurate, it cannot detect internal leakage; (4) Cannot detect multiple materials at one time: Existing equipment cannot simultaneously detect the waterproof and seepage resistance of multiple materials or different grades of the same material, which is difficult to meet the detection requirements of multiple material selection in tunnel engineering.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a testing device that can simulate complex tunnel conditions in the laboratory and quantitatively test the seepage prevention capabilities of various materials in one go, so as to fill the gap in the existing technology and provide direct and reliable data support for material selection and design optimization in tunnel engineering. Utility Model Content

[0005] Technical problem solved: In response to the technical problems existing in the background technology, this utility model provides a test device for the waterproof performance of multiple tunnel materials at one time, which realizes the simultaneous testing of the waterproof and seepage prevention capabilities of multiple tunnel materials or different gradations of the same material, and can simulate the actual working conditions of tunnels, providing accurate data support for the selection of tunnel engineering materials, and solving the technical problem that the existing technology cannot quantitatively and efficiently compare the waterproof performance of multiple materials under simulated tunnel pressure conditions in the laboratory.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention provides a testing device for the seepage prevention performance of multiple tunnel materials in a single test, comprising: The device body has an internal accommodating space; the device body is provided with multiple mold mounting slots, and the mold mounting slots are provided with threads. A pressure and water level control module is installed on the main body of the device and is used to provide controllable pressure and water level to the accommodating space. A safety valve and a pressure gauge are fixedly connected to the main body of the device; Multiple mold components, wherein the mold components are threadedly assembled with mold mounting slots; A humidity sensor and a humidity sensing module are included, wherein the humidity sensor and the humidity sensing module are electrically connected; the humidity sensor is disposed on the outside of the test piece and is used to detect changes in humidity on the outside of the test piece; the humidity sensing module is used to read and record humidity data. The device includes a flow guide channel and an external measuring cylinder. The flow guide channel is located inside the main body of the device and below the mold assembly. The flow guide channel is connected to the external measuring cylinder and is used to guide the seepage water into the external measuring cylinder and measure the amount of seepage water. The drain valve and the drain valve are both installed at the bottom of the main body of the device and are used to discharge experimental waste and experimental water.

[0007] Preferably, the air pressure and water level control module includes an automatic water level controller and an automatic pressure controller, and is connected to a centrifugal pump with self-priming function and an automatic pressurization mechanism through a delivery pipe and an air delivery pipe to form a control loop for simulating the actual pressure and water level pressure behind the tunnel wall; a water pressure check valve is provided on the delivery pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the mold assembly includes an outer mold that is threadedly connected to a mold mounting slot, the outer mold and the inner mold together forming an annular cavity for accommodating the specimen, and the inner wall of the inner mold has a surface treated with a roughening process.

[0009] Preferably, the mold assembly further includes a first sealing gasket disposed between the outer mold and the mold mounting groove, and a second sealing gasket disposed between the outer mold and the inner mold; the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket are made of ethylene propylene rubber.

[0010] Preferably, the number of mold mounting slots is multiple, which can simultaneously install multiple mold components to achieve one-time synchronous testing of specimens made of various different materials.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying pipe is a glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe; the gas transmission pipe is a type III polypropylene polymer material pipe; and the wall thickness of both the conveying pipe and the gas transmission pipe is 2 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the safety valve is equipped with a pressure warning threshold, and the safety valve is used to automatically open and release pressure when the pressure in the accommodating space exceeds the preset threshold; the pressure gauge is a precision pressure gauge, which consists of a pressure measuring system, a transmission mechanism, an indicating device and a housing.

[0013] Preferably, the mold mounting groove and the outer mold are both made of 4cr5mosiv. The inner diameter of the mold mounting groove is 19cm and the outer diameter is 21cm. The inner diameter of the outer mold is 19cm and the outer diameter is 21cm. The thread of the mold mounting groove is a rectangular thread with a fine thread size of 3mm.

[0014] Preferably, the first sealing gasket has a size of 4cm × 0.5cm, and the second sealing gasket has a size of 0.5cm; the solid dimensions of the outer mold are 2cm bottom width × 10cm height × 1cm top width; and the dimensions of the test piece are 19cm outer circle × 21cm inner circle × 10cm thickness.

[0015] Preferably, the external measuring cylinder has a capacity of 3000ml and is fixedly installed on the main body of the device; the width of the guide groove is 2cm and the depth is a 0-1cm gradient structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model can realize simultaneous testing of multiple materials. By setting multiple mold components, multiple test pieces (different materials or different grades of the same material) can be installed at one time, and waterproof and seepage prevention tests can be completed simultaneously, which greatly improves the testing efficiency and solves the technical problem that existing equipment cannot test multiple materials at the same time. 2. This device can simulate real working conditions. Through the coordinated action of the air pressure and water level control module, centrifugal pump and automatic pressurization mechanism, it can accurately simulate the actual pressure and water level pressure behind the tunnel wall. The test results are more in line with the actual needs of the project and provide reliable data support for material selection. 3. The device is highly accurate. Combining a high-precision humidity sensor and a 3000ml external graduated cylinder, it can monitor humidity changes and time in the early stage of seepage in real time, and can also quantitatively measure the amount of seepage, achieving both qualitative and quantitative detection. Its detection accuracy far exceeds that of existing indirect detection methods. 4. The structure is safe and reliable. Key components such as the main body of the device, the mold mounting groove, and the outer mold are made of 4cr5mosiv material, which has high strength and water pressure resistance. The safety valve can effectively prevent the pressure from exceeding the limit and ensure the safety of the experimental process. The sealing gasket is made of ethylene propylene rubber (EPM), which has excellent sealing performance and avoids water leakage from affecting the test results. 5. The device is easy and efficient to operate, highly integrated, and its components are detachable and connectable, facilitating the installation of test specimens and cleaning of the equipment; during the experiment, pressure and water level are automatically regulated, eliminating the need for complex manual operation and reducing reliance on the operator's experience; 6. This device has a wide range of applications and can be used to test the seepage prevention capabilities of various waterproof materials and lining materials in tunnel engineering, including samples of different materials and samples of the same material with different gradations, meeting the material testing needs of multiple scenarios in tunnel engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Main view of the middle mold component structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view of the middle mold component structure.

[0018] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Air pressure and water level control module; 2. Centrifugal pump; 3. Automatic pressurization mechanism; 4. Main body of the device; 5. Suction pipe; 6. Air inlet pipe; 7. Safety valve; 8. Pressure gauge; 9. Mold assembly; 91. First sealing gasket; 92. Outer mold; 93. Second sealing gasket; 94. Test piece; 95. Inner mold; 10. Humidity sensor; 11. Guide channel; 12. External measuring cylinder; 13. Drain valve; 14. Drain valve; 15. Mold mounting slot; 16. Humidity sensing module; 17. Water pressure check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-3The technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0020] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this utility model discloses a testing device for the seepage prevention performance of multiple tunnel materials in a single test. Its specific structure is as described in the above technical solution, and the materials, dimensions, and connection relationships of each component are as follows: The main body of the device 4 has an internal accommodating space. The material is 4cr5mosiv with a thickness of 10cm. The main body of the device 4 is provided with multiple mold mounting slots 15 (the number can be increased or decreased according to the needs). The inner diameter of the mold mounting slot 15 is 19cm and the outer diameter is 21cm. The mold mounting slot 15 is provided with threads. The threads of the mold mounting slot 15 are rectangular threads with a fine thread size of 3mm.

[0021] Air pressure and water level control module 1: Installed on the main body 4 of the device, the air pressure and water level control module 1 is used to provide controllable air pressure and water level within the containment space. Specifically, the air pressure and water level control module 1 includes an automatic water level controller and an automatic pressure controller. The model selected is a PLC-controlled automatic water level-pressure dual controller, which is electrically connected to the centrifugal pump 2 and the automatic pressurization mechanism 3 via wires. The main body 4 is connected to the self-priming centrifugal pump 2 and the automatic pressurization mechanism 3 via the delivery pipe 5 and the air delivery pipe 6, forming a control loop for simulating the actual pressure and water level pressure behind the tunnel wall. The air pressure control accuracy is ±0.01MPa, and the water level control accuracy is ±1mm. The centrifugal pump 2 is a self-priming stainless steel centrifugal pump with a flow rate of 10m³ / h and a head of 20m. It is connected to the bottom of the main body 4 via the delivery pipe 5 (FRP pipe, diameter 5cm), and a stainless steel water pressure check valve 17 (model H41W-16P) is installed on the delivery pipe 5. Automatic pressurization mechanism 3: An air pressurization pump is selected, with a maximum output pressure of 0.6MPa. It is connected to the top of the main body 4 through the air supply pipe 6 (type III polypropylene pipe, 3cm in diameter). The wall thickness of both the delivery pipe 5 and the air supply pipe 6 is 2mm, and they are sealed to each component through flange joints.

[0022] Safety valve 7 and pressure gauge 8: Safety valve 7 and pressure gauge 8 are fixedly connected to the main body 4 of the device. Safety valve 7 has a pressure warning threshold and is used to automatically open and release pressure when the pressure in the containment space exceeds the preset threshold. Pressure gauge 8 is a precision pressure gauge, consisting of a pressure measuring system, a transmission mechanism, an indicating device, and a housing. Specifically, safety valve 7 is a spring-loaded safety valve (model A28H-16C) with a set pressure threshold of 0.5MPa, and is fixed to the top of the main body 4 with bolts. Pressure gauge 8 is a precision pressure gauge with a range of 0-0.6MPa and an accuracy class of 0.4. It is installed on the top of the main body 4 and communicates with the interior of the containment space.

[0023] like Figures 2-3 As shown, multiple mold components 9 are threadedly assembled with mold mounting slots 15. The number of mold mounting slots 15 is multiple, allowing for the simultaneous installation of multiple mold components 9 to achieve simultaneous testing of specimens made of various materials. Specifically, there are four sets of mold components 9. Each mold component 9 includes an outer mold 92 threadedly connected to the mold mounting slot 15. The outer mold 92 and the inner mold 95 together form an annular cavity for accommodating the test specimen 94. The inner wall of the inner mold 95 has a roughened surface (roughness Ra = 3.2 μm), and the inner wall dimensions of the inner mold 95 are adapted to the inner circle of the test specimen 94. The mold mounting slots 15, outer mold 92, and inner mold 95 are all made of 4Cr5MoSiIV material.

[0024] The mold assembly 9 also includes a first sealing gasket 91 disposed between the outer mold 92 and the mold mounting groove 15, and a second sealing gasket 93 disposed between the outer mold 92 and the inner mold 95. The first sealing gasket 91 and the second sealing gasket 93 are made of ethylene propylene rubber (EPM material). The dimensions of the first sealing gasket 91 are 4cm × 0.5cm × 0.5cm (length × width × thickness), and the dimensions of the second sealing gasket 93 are 19cm in diameter and 0.5cm in thickness. The inner diameter of the outer mold 92 is 19cm, and the outer diameter is 21cm. The solid dimensions of the outer mold 92 are 2cm in bottom width × 10cm in height × 1cm in top width. The dimensions of the test piece 94 are 19cm in outer diameter × 21cm in inner diameter × 10cm in thickness. The test piece 94 is cast using four commonly used tunnel materials: C30 concrete, waterproof concrete, shotcrete, and polymer-modified concrete, with dimensions of 19cm in outer diameter × 21cm in inner diameter × 10cm in thickness.

[0025] The system comprises a humidity sensor 10 and a humidity sensing module 16. The humidity sensor 10 is a high-precision humidity strain gauge (model BF120-3AA), with a humidity measurement range of 0-100% RH and an accuracy of ±2% RH. It is attached to the center of the outer side of the test piece 94. The humidity sensing module 16 is a data acquisition instrument (model NI cDAQ-9178), connected to the humidity sensor 10 via wires, with a sampling frequency of 1Hz. The humidity sensor 10 is used to detect humidity changes on the outer side of the test piece 94; the humidity sensing module 16 is used to read and record humidity data.

[0026] The flow guide trough 11 and the external measuring cylinder 12 are configured. The flow guide trough 11 is located inside the main body 4 of the device and below the mold assembly 9, and it is connected to the external measuring cylinder 12. It is used to guide the seepage water into the external measuring cylinder 12 and measure the seepage volume. The flow guide trough 11 is made of stainless steel, with a width of 2cm and a depth gradient of 0-1cm. It is fixed to the bottom of the inner side of the main body 4 by welding, and its end is connected to the external measuring cylinder 12. The external measuring cylinder 12 is a glass measuring cylinder with a capacity of 3000ml and a graduation value of 10ml. It is fixed to the outside of the main body 4 by a bracket.

[0027] Both the drain valve 13 and the drain valve 14 are ball valves (model Q41F-16C) with diameters of 5cm and 4cm respectively. Both the drain valve 13 and the drain valve 14 are installed at the bottom of the main body 4 of the device and are used to discharge experimental waste and experimental water.

[0028] The working principle or method of this utility model is as follows: (1) Installation of test pieces: Assemble the four test pieces 94 onto the outer side of the corresponding inner mold 95, and install the mold assembly 9 into the mold mounting slot 15 through threaded connection.

[0029] (2) Experimental preparation: Close the drain valve 13 and drain valve 14, inject clean water into the main body 4 of the device through the centrifugal pump 2 until the water level reaches the preset height (set by the automatic water level controller of the air pressure water level control module 1 to simulate the actual water level in the tunnel); start the air pressure water level control module 1 and set the pressure value (simulate the actual pressure behind the tunnel wall, such as 0.3MPa).

[0030] (3) Pressure test: The automatic pressurization mechanism 3 is started to pressurize the device body 4 to the set pressure. The pressure gauge 8 monitors in real time, and the air pressure and water level control module 1 automatically maintains the pressure and water level stability. At the same time, the humidity sensing module 16 is started to record the humidity change on the outside of each test piece 94 and the initial seepage time.

[0031] (4) Measurement of water seepage: After water seepage occurs in the test piece 94, the seepage water flows into the external measuring cylinder 12 through the guide channel 11. The water seepage volume is recorded every 1 hour and the measurement is continued for 24 hours.

[0032] (5) End of experiment: Turn off centrifugal pump 2 and automatic pressurization mechanism 3, open safety valve 7 to release pressure, and after the pressure drops to normal pressure, open drain valve 13 to discharge internal pollutants and open drain valve 14 to discharge experimental water; disassemble mold assembly 9, clean equipment parts, and complete the test.

[0033] Through the above process, this device can simultaneously obtain key indicators such as the initial seepage time and 24-hour seepage volume of four types of tunnel materials, accurately assessing their seepage prevention capabilities and providing data support for the selection of tunnel engineering materials. This invention features a reasonable structure, accurate detection, and convenient operation, effectively solving the problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously detect the seepage prevention capabilities of multiple tunnel materials, and has significant practical value and promising prospects for widespread application.

[0034] The above are preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage prevention performance of multiple tunnel materials, characterized in that, include: The device body (4) has an internal accommodating space; the device body (4) is provided with a plurality of mold mounting slots (15), and the mold mounting slots (15) are provided with threads; Air pressure and water level control module (1), which is installed on the main body (4) of the device, is used to provide controllable air pressure and water level to the accommodating space; Safety valve (7) and pressure gauge (8) are fixedly connected to the main body (4) of the device; Multiple mold components (9) are threadedly assembled with mold mounting slots (15); A humidity sensor (10) and a humidity sensing module (16) are provided. The humidity sensor (10) and the humidity sensing module (16) are electrically connected. The humidity sensor (10) is disposed on the outside of the test piece (94) and is used to detect the humidity change on the outside of the test piece (94). The humidity sensing module (16) is used to read and record humidity data. The guide channel (11) and the external measuring cylinder (12) are provided. The guide channel (11) is located inside the main body (4) of the device and below the mold assembly (9). The guide channel (11) is connected to the external measuring cylinder (12) to guide the seepage water into the external measuring cylinder (12) and measure the seepage water volume. The drain valve (13) and drain valve (14) are both installed at the bottom of the main body (4) of the device and are used to discharge experimental waste and experimental water.

2. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air pressure and water level control module (1) includes an automatic water level controller and an automatic pressure controller, and is connected to a centrifugal pump (2) with self-priming function and an automatic pressurization mechanism (3) through a delivery pipe (5) and an air delivery pipe (6) to form a control loop for simulating the actual pressure behind the tunnel wall and water level pressure; a water pressure check valve (17) is provided on the delivery pipe (5).

3. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold assembly (9) includes an outer mold (92) that is threadedly connected to a mold mounting groove (15). The outer mold (92) and the inner mold (95) together form an annular cavity for accommodating the test piece (94). The inner wall of the inner mold (95) has a surface treated with a roughening process.

4. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mold assembly (9) further includes a first sealing gasket (91) disposed between the outer mold (92) and the mold mounting groove (15), and a second sealing gasket (93) disposed between the outer mold (92) and the inner mold (95); the first sealing gasket (91) and the second sealing gasket (93) are made of ethylene propylene rubber.

5. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of mold mounting slots (15) is multiple, which can simultaneously install multiple mold components (9) to achieve one-time synchronous testing of various material specimens.

6. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying pipe (5) is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP); the gas transmission pipe (6) is made of type III polypropylene polymer material; the wall thickness of both the conveying pipe (5) and the gas transmission pipe (6) is 2 mm.

7. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety valve (7) is equipped with a pressure warning threshold. The safety valve (7) is used to automatically open and release pressure when the pressure in the accommodating space exceeds the preset threshold. The pressure gauge (8) is a precision pressure gauge, which consists of a pressure measuring system, a transmission mechanism, an indicating device and a housing.

8. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mold mounting groove (15) and the outer mold (92) are both made of 4cr5mosiv. The inner hole of the mold mounting groove (15) is 19cm and the outer hole is 21cm. The inner hole of the outer mold (92) is 19cm and the outer hole is 21cm. The thread of the mold mounting groove (15) is a rectangular thread with a fine tooth size of 3mm.

9. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sealing gasket (91) has a size of 4cm × 0.5cm, and the second sealing gasket (93) has a size of 0.5cm; the outer mold (92) has a solid size of 2cm bottom width × 10cm height × 1cm top width; the test piece (94) has a size of 19cm outer circle × 21cm inner circle × 10cm thickness.

10. The testing device for simultaneously detecting the seepage resistance of multiple tunnel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external measuring cylinder (12) has a capacity of 3000ml and is fixedly installed on the main body (4) of the device; the guide groove (11) has a width of 2cm and a depth of 0-1cm gradient structure.

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