An arch dam geomechanics model test device with positioning grid points

Abstract

The utility model relates to arch dam plane geomechanics model test technical field especially arch dam geomechanics model test device with positioning grid point, include, supporting mechanism, it includes base, and be located on the toughened glass board of base, boundary restraint mechanism, it is located on the base, be equipped with positioning grid and characteristic point array on the toughened glass board, the boundary department of positioning grid is equipped with scale value, the utility model discloses through the coordination of positioning grid and characteristic point array, effectively solved the technical problem such as model masonry positioning accuracy deficiency and crack observation benchmark loss in traditional test device, significantly promoted test efficiency and the reliability of data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of arch dam planar geomechanical model testing technology, and in particular to an arch dam geomechanical model testing device with positioning grid points. Background Technology

[0002] Arch dams, as a type of high dam that combines economic efficiency and safety, rely heavily on the stability of the rock masses at the abutments on both banks for their safety. Therefore, in the design of arch dams, especially high arch dams, geomechanical model testing is an indispensable and crucial technical means to evaluate the overall stability of the abutments and foundation, reveal potential failure mechanisms, and determine safety margins. Among these, planar geomechanical model testing can effectively simulate the working conditions of abutments in representative profiles, and its intuitive and reliable characteristics have led to its widespread application in arch dam design and research.

[0003] However, existing planar geomechanical model testing devices have significant shortcomings in their technical implementation, which severely restrict the accuracy and efficiency of the tests. Specifically: Model building suffers from low accuracy and efficiency. Currently, boundary positioning and internal structural surface layout during model building mainly rely on manual measurement and marking using traditional tools such as steel rulers and ink lines. This method is cumbersome and prone to cumulative errors due to visual biases or operational mistakes, affecting the reliability of experimental results.

[0004] There is a lack of unified benchmarks for crack observation. During experimental loading, the initiation and propagation of cracks within the rock mass are crucial for determining the instability mechanism. Current technologies lack a fixed observation benchmark network integrated with the model, making it impossible for camera technology to acquire accurate displacement data.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies struggle to balance photographic accuracy with operational efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel experimental device that integrates efficient masonry positioning with methods to improve photographic accuracy, thereby systematically addressing the aforementioned technical bottlenecks. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above or prior art, this utility model is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points, comprising, A support mechanism, comprising a base and a tempered glass plate disposed on the base; A boundary constraint mechanism is provided on the base; The tempered glass plate is provided with a positioning grid and a feature point array, and the boundary of the positioning grid is provided with scale values.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, wherein: the base is provided with a first opening and a second opening, and the first opening and the second opening are arranged vertically.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, wherein: a reinforcing beam is provided inside the base, and a third opening is provided on the reinforcing beam.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, wherein the array spacing of the feature point array and the size of the positioning grid are matched with each other.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, the boundary constraint mechanism includes a fixed steel frame disposed on the base and fixed bolts disposed on the fixed steel frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, it further includes a passageway that can be detachably set on the base.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, the passageway includes a passage ramp and an anti-slip mat provided on the passage ramp, and the passage ramp is provided with handrails.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, the passageway is located on the downstream side of the model.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, the boundary constraint mechanism further includes a steel frame fixing block disposed on the fixed steel frame, and a steel frame moving block disposed at the steel frame fixing block; The steel frame moving block is connected to the passageway.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points of this utility model, it further includes a reaction frame disposed on the tempered glass plate, the reaction frame being provided with a plurality of evenly distributed support blocks, and the reaction frame being arranged in an arc shape.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the arch dam geomechanical model test device with positioning grid points of this utility model are as follows: This utility model effectively solves the technical problems of insufficient positioning accuracy of model masonry and lack of crack observation benchmark in traditional test devices by coordinating the positioning grid and feature point array, and significantly improves test efficiency and data reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a geomechanical model test device for an arch dam with positioning grid points.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tempered glass plate of the geomechanical model test device for an arch dam with positioning grid points.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Support mechanism; 11. Base; 111. First opening; 112. Second opening; 113. Reinforcing beam; 114. Third opening; 12. Tempered glass plate; 121. Positioning grid; 122. Feature point array; 123. Scale value; 2. Boundary constraint mechanism; 21. Fixed steel frame; 22. Fixing bolt; 23. Steel frame fixing block; 24. Steel frame moving block; 3. Passageway; 31. Passage ramp; 32. Anti-slip mat; 33. Handrail; 4. Reaction frame; 41. Support block. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0025] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0026] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 2 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a geomechanical model test device for an arch dam with positioning grid points, including a support mechanism 1, which includes a base 11 and a tempered glass plate 12 disposed on the base 11. The base 11 adopts a square well structure with a hollowed-out lower part, and a high-strength tempered glass plate 12 is laid on it, which together constitute a stable model bearing platform with a visual function.

[0027] Boundary constraint mechanism 2 is provided on base 11; boundary constraint mechanism 2 is used to position and fix tempered glass plate 12.

[0028] The tempered glass plate 12 is provided with a positioning grid 121 and a feature point array 122, and the boundary of the positioning grid 121 is provided with scale values ​​123.

[0029] The positioning grid 121 is placed on the surface of the tempered glass plate 12 by engraving. The scale value 123 at the boundary of the positioning grid 121 is used for rapid positioning during model building. The feature point array 122 provides a fixed reference system for photographic deformation observation.

[0030] Specifically, the base 11 is provided with a first opening 111 and a second opening 112, which are arranged vertically.

[0031] The hollowed-out design of the first opening 111, the second opening 112, and the base 11 facilitates observation of the model's state from the bottom, making the observation more comprehensive.

[0032] Furthermore, the base 11 is provided with a reinforcing beam 113, and the reinforcing beam 113 is provided with a third opening 114. The setting of the reinforcing beam 113 can improve the support strength, so that the tempered glass plate 12 is subjected to more uniform force. The setting of the third opening 114 facilitates the opening of the channel for experimental personnel to observe the state of the model from the bottom.

[0033] The array spacing of the feature point array 122 and the size of the positioning grid 121 are matched, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 A positioning grid 121 is set at the location supported by the base 11 and the reinforcing beam 113, and the remaining part is marked by a feature point array 122. The size of the four adjacent feature point arrays 122 is the same as that of the positioning grid 121, that is, the feature point array 122 belongs to the four intersections of the positioning grid 121.

[0034] Preferably, the boundary constraint mechanism 2 includes a fixed steel frame 21 on the base 11 and fixing bolts 22 on the fixed steel frame 21. The fixed steel frame 21 is located at the top four sides of the base 11 and is connected to the base 11 by the fixing bolts 22 to constrain and fix the tempered glass plate 12. It adopts a modular design to facilitate installation and disassembly. The boundary constraint mechanism 2 provides stable longitudinal support for the model and ensures the reliability of the boundary conditions during the test.

[0035] It should be noted that the positioning grid 121 and the feature point array 122 work together to provide accurate coordinate guidance for boundary alignment and internal structural surface layout during the model building stage, significantly improving building efficiency and geometric accuracy.

[0036] Preferably, during the model test, the preset feature point array 122 on the tempered glass plate 12 constitutes a fixed observation benchmark to ensure that the camera recording can accurately observe the crack initiation, propagation path and width.

[0037] Example 2, refer to Figures 1-2 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiment, it also includes a detachable passageway 3 mounted on the base 11, solving the problem of the lack of material handling channels. Previously, geomechanical models required the use of a large amount of similar materials for construction. Existing devices generally do not consider the flow of people and materials during material handling, requiring researchers to frequently cross constraint boundaries or detour, which not only increases labor intensity and reduces efficiency but also poses safety hazards such as collisions with the model and tripping of personnel, potentially threatening the already formed, detailed model.

[0038] The passageway 3 includes a ramp 31 and an anti-slip mat 32 on the ramp 31. The ramp 31 is equipped with handrails 33 on both sides of the ramp 31. The anti-slip mat 32 is processed with anti-slip texture, which can provide a safe and smooth material and personnel flow path throughout the test.

[0039] Specifically, passageway 3 is located on the downstream side of the model. Based on the characteristic that the force in this area is relatively small, the influence on the actual force state of the model can be minimized while ensuring the constraint effect.

[0040] Furthermore, the boundary constraint mechanism 2 also includes a steel frame fixing block 23 disposed on the fixed steel frame 21, and a steel frame moving block 24 disposed at the steel frame fixing block 23; the steel frame moving block 24 is connected to the passageway 3, and the steel frame fixing block 23 is installed on the fixed steel frame 21 by screws. The steel frame fixing block 23 has a C-shaped structure, and its height is flush with the steel frame moving block 24. The C-shaped steel frame fixing block 23 is disposed on both sides of the steel frame moving block 24, which can clamp the steel frame moving block 24 and fix the steel frame moving block 24.

[0041] During the experimental phase, passageway 3 can be dismantled. During the model construction and maintenance phase, passageway 3 can be installed so that after the passageway 3 is connected, it forms a continuous barrier-free work area, which facilitates the handling of materials and allows people to walk.

[0042] It also includes a reaction frame 4 set on the tempered glass plate 12. The reaction frame 4 is provided with several evenly distributed support blocks 41. The reaction frame 4 is installed on the base 11 by screws. The reaction frame 4 is set in an arc shape and is set on the upstream face of the model. It is used to support and limit the dam body. In addition, the support blocks 41 can be hydraulic jacks. By controlling the jacking out of the hydraulic jacks, the water load applied to the upstream face of the dam body can be simulated to test the compressive strength of the dam body.

[0043] The rest of the structure is the same as in Example 1.

[0044] During the model construction phase, the positioning grid 121 and scale values ​​123 above the base 11 enable precise positioning of the model outline and internal structural surfaces, optimizing the model construction process and improving positioning accuracy. The feature point array 122 on the tempered glass plate 12 provides a fixed reference system for subsequent crack development observation. During the model construction phase, the access channel 3 solves the problems of material handling and personnel passage. During the loading test phase, the complete boundary constraint mechanism 2 provides lateral and longitudinal constraints for the model; the upstream reaction frame 4 is used for support. When the support block 41 is a hydraulic jack, the load can be simulated by controlling the jacking out of the hydraulic jack, or the dam body can be placed in a corresponding simulation environment and simulated naturally by water pressure. Throughout the loading and observation process, the feature point array 122 in the positioning system serves as a constant reference, enabling accurate identification of the model displacement field and crack propagation path, providing a basis for analyzing dam abutment stability and determining safety reserves. Through the coordinated operation of its various systems, this device ensures the smoothness, accuracy, and controllability of the entire experimental process from preparation and loading to observation, thereby improving the accuracy of model construction, the convenience of material handling, and the reliability of crack observation.

[0045] When dismantling the model, the reverse operation can be carried out by referring to the masonry process: first, dismantle the boundary constraint mechanism 2 and the reaction frame 4 to make enough operating space; then, transport the dismantled model blocks away from the test area in an orderly manner through the passageway 3 to keep the working environment clean.

[0046] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points, characterized in that: include, The support mechanism (1) includes a base (11) and a tempered glass plate (12) disposed on the base (11). A boundary constraint mechanism (2) is provided on the base (11); The tempered glass plate (12) is provided with a positioning grid (121) and a feature point array (122), and the boundary of the positioning grid (121) is provided with scale values ​​(123).

2. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base (11) is provided with a first opening (111) and a second opening (112), and the first opening (111) and the second opening (112) are arranged vertically.

3. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The base (11) is provided with a reinforcing beam (113), and the reinforcing beam (113) is provided with a third opening (114).

4. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The array spacing of the feature point array (122) and the size of the positioning grid (121) are matched.

5. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The boundary constraint mechanism (2) includes a fixed steel frame (21) provided on the base (11) and a fixing bolt (22) provided on the fixed steel frame (21).

6. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a passageway (3) that can be detachably mounted on the base (11).

7. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The passageway (3) includes a ramp (31) and an anti-slip mat (32) provided on the ramp (31), and a handrail (33) is provided on the ramp (31).

8. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The passageway (3) is located on the downstream side of the model.

9. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The boundary constraint mechanism (2) further includes a steel frame fixing block (23) disposed on the fixed steel frame (21) and a steel frame moving block (24) disposed at the steel frame fixing block (23). The steel frame moving block (24) is connected to the passageway (3).

10. The geomechanical model test device for arch dams with positioning grid points as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a reaction frame (4) disposed on the tempered glass plate (12), the reaction frame (4) being provided with a plurality of evenly distributed support blocks (41), and the reaction frame (4) being arranged in an arc shape.

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