A high efficiency test fixture for testing full lane utilization and bilateral switching of a test system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of efficient test fixture of full passage utilization and double side switching of test system, comprising: rack box (6), needle bed (5), press cylinder (1), acrylic pressing plate (3), communication interface (8), discharge module (35,38), input-output interface and control module, main control board (37) and power module;The utility model is through optimization structure design and function integration, the problems of low efficiency, complex operation and insufficient safety in traditional test method are solved, with wide application prospect and market value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PCBA functional testing technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency test fixture for a test system that utilizes all channels and allows for bilateral switching. Background Technology

[0002] In the electronics manufacturing industry, PCBA functional testing equipment is crucial for ensuring product quality and performance. Traditional PCBA functional testing methods typically employ a single-sided, multi-unit testing approach, which has several shortcomings. For example, during testing, the position of each pressure bar needs to be manually adjusted one by one. This operation is not only inefficient but also prone to accuracy degradation due to human error. Furthermore, traditional testing equipment lacks automatic discharge functionality after testing, requiring the product to be moved off-line for manual discharge. This not only increases operational steps but also poses a potential safety hazard to operators. Additionally, the pressure plate cylinders in existing devices do not automatically release after testing; manual button pressing is required to release the cylinders, further extending operation time and reducing production efficiency. These problems make traditional testing methods unable to meet the demands of modern electronics manufacturing for efficient, safe, and flexible production.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, a testing device is urgently needed that can improve testing efficiency, enable rapid line changeovers, and ensure operational safety. An ideal solution should possess bilateral switching testing capabilities, allowing testing on one side while placing the product under test on the other, thereby significantly increasing testing capacity. Furthermore, the device must support rapid changes to the needle bed and pressure plate to adapt to the testing requirements of different products and significantly shorten line changeover time. More importantly, after testing, the large capacitance of the product should be automatically discharged, using techniques such as time-delay relays to ensure the safety of operators when handling the product. Therefore, developing a multi-unit bilateral switching testing device that combines high efficiency, flexibility, and safety has become a pressing technical challenge in the field of PCBA functional testing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a highly efficient test fixture that allows for full-channel utilization and bilateral switching of a test system, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: a highly efficient test fixture for a testing system with full-channel utilization and bilateral switching, including a frame housing, a needle bed, a pressure cylinder, an acrylic pressure plate, a communication interface, a discharge module, input / output interfaces and a control module, a main control board, and a power module. Wherein:

[0006] The rack enclosure serves as the main frame of the entire device and is made of bakelite, providing excellent insulation and heat resistance. The rack enclosure includes a base plate, front plate, rear plate, and left and right side plates, all connected and fixed by bolts to form a closed structure for mounting and supporting internal components. Furthermore, the bottom of the rack enclosure is equipped with a fixture power supply AC connector and a product power supply AC connector, providing external power to the fixture and PCBA, respectively.

[0007] The pin bed is located inside the rack housing and consists of a left pin bed and a right pin bed, corresponding to the left and right testing areas, respectively. The pin bed connects to the test fixture via a rectangular heavy-duty connector, enabling quick pin bed replacement. Notably, the pin bed is designed as a detachable structure, secured by positioning pins and a locking mechanism to accommodate the testing requirements of different PCBA models.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure cylinder is mounted above the frame housing and connected to the acrylic pressure plate via a metal guide rod. The height of the pressure cylinder can be adjusted using an adjusting nut to accommodate PCBAs of different thicknesses. The acrylic pressure plate directly contacts the PCBA surface and has anti-slip textures to prevent displacement of the PCBA during testing. Additionally, the acrylic pressure plate is fixed by guide grooves for easy replacement and maintenance.

[0009] The cylinder support consists of two parts: a vertical plate and a flat plate. The vertical plate is made of bakelite, and the flat plate is made of aluminum. The vertical plate and the flat plate are connected by welding to form a single structure, which supports the downward-pressing cylinder and ensures its operational stability. Specifically, the cylinder support is provided with guide holes, through which a metal guide rod passes for precise guidance via a linear bearing, preventing misalignment during cylinder operation.

[0010] Furthermore, the communication interface and the discharge module are respectively located on the left and right sides of the rack housing. The discharge module is responsible for automatically discharging the large capacitors on the PCBA after testing. The discharge process is controlled by a time-delay relay, with a discharge time of 3 seconds. After discharge, the cylinder automatically rises, allowing operators to safely remove the product. Notably, the discharge module contains multiple independent discharge circuits, each equipped with a digital display to show the real-time voltage values ​​of each capacitor.

[0011] This utility model also provides a specific implementation method for cylinder control and switching functions. The device is designed with left and right cylinders, and the bilateral switching test function is realized through a left-right switching switch. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0012] S1: Switch the selector to the left, press the left cylinder up / down control button, the left cylinder will press down, and the ATE test will begin.

[0013] S2: After the test is completed, the ATE signal is received, the left discharge module is started, and the digital display shows the voltage values ​​of each capacitor.

[0014] S3: After the discharge is complete, the left cylinder rises and the product is removed;

[0015] S4: Switch the selector to the right, press the right cylinder up / down control button, the right cylinder will press down, and the ATE test will begin.

[0016] S5: After the test is completed, the ATE signal is received, the right discharge module is started, and the digital display shows the voltage values ​​of each capacitor.

[0017] S6: After the discharge is complete, the right cylinder rises and the product is removed.

[0018] Furthermore, the input / output interface and control module include needle bed input interfaces, output interfaces, and capacitor voltage interfaces on both left and right sides. The needle bed input and output interfaces are used to transmit test signals and acquire test results, respectively, while the capacitor voltage interface is used to monitor the capacitor voltage value on the PCBA. In addition, the device is also equipped with input control modules and output control modules on both left and right sides for precisely controlling the input and output signals of the needle bed.

[0019] Specifically, the main control board, located at the bottom of the chassis, is responsible for the control and coordination of the entire device. The main control board connects to the input control module, output control module, discharge module, and cylinder control module via a data bus to achieve signal acquisition, processing, and feedback. The main control board has a built-in microprocessor for executing control algorithms and logical judgments.

[0020] Furthermore, the power module includes an internal power supply for the fixture and an external power interface. The internal power supply provides internal power to the device, while the external power interface is used to connect to an external power source. Specifically, the power module incorporates multi-stage filtering circuitry to suppress electromagnetic interference and ensure stable device operation.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are manifested through its specific structural design and technical solutions. First, the bilateral switching test design allows for simultaneous testing on one side while the product under test is placed on the other, significantly improving testing efficiency. Second, the needle bed and test frame are connected via a rectangular heavy-duty connector, and the pressure plate is fixed using guide grooves, enabling rapid replacement of the needle bed and pressure plate, greatly shortening line changeover time. Third, the device is equipped with an automatic discharge function, discharging the large capacitors on the PCBA after testing, preventing injury to operators from residual charge. Finally, the integrated design of cylinder control and switching functions simplifies the operation process, reduces manual intervention, and lowers the difficulty of operation.

[0022] In summary, this utility model, through optimized structural design and functional integration, solves the problems of low efficiency, complex operation, and insufficient security in traditional testing methods, and has broad application prospects and market value. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the interfaces and control elements on the front and right sides of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right needle beds and their interface layout of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal module layout of this utility model.

[0027] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0028] 1. Downward-pressing cylinder; 2. Metal guide rod; 3. Acrylic pressure plate; 4. Cylinder bracket upright plate (bakelite); 5. Needle bed; 6. Frame box (bakelite); 7. Frame box bottom plate (bakelite); 8. Right side communication interface; 9. Fixture power supply AC socket; 10. Frame box rear plate (bakelite); 11. Product power supply AC sockets (4 sets); 12. Frame box right plate (bakelite); 13. Left side cylinder rise / fall control button 1; 14. Left side 8-channel discharge capacitor voltage digital display; 15. Left side cylinder rise / fall control button 2; 16. Left / right switch; 17. Right side cylinder rise / fall control button 1; 18. Right side 8-channel discharge capacitor voltage digital display; 19. Right side cylinder rise / fall control button 2; 20. Frame box front plate (bakelite); 21. Left side needle bed output interface (8 channels); 2. Right needle bed output interface (8 channels); 23. Left needle bed input interface (8 channels); 24. Left needle bed capacitor voltage interface (8 channels); 25. Left needle bed; 26. Right needle bed input interface (8 channels); 27. Right needle bed capacitor voltage interface (8 channels); 28. Right needle bed; 29. ​​Left output control module (8 channels); 30. Right output control module (8 channels); 31. Current interface terminal negative terminal; 32. Current interface terminal positive terminal; 33. Cylinder control module; 34. Fixture internal power supply; 35. Left discharge module (8 channels); 36. Solenoid valve control; 37. Main control board; 38. Right discharge module (8 channels); 39. Left input control module (8 channels); 40. Right input control module (8 channels); 41. Main control board; 42. Frame base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] This utility model provides a multi-unit bilateral switching test device, whose structural design and functional implementation are combined with the attached... Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4This device, through optimized mechanical structure, electrical control, and safety protection systems, significantly improves the efficiency and safety of PCBA functional testing and achieves the goal of rapid line changeover.

[0030] First, refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The overall structure of this device is based on a rack housing 6, made of bakelite material, which provides excellent insulation and heat resistance. The rack housing 6 includes a base plate 7, a front plate 20, a rear plate 10, and left and right side plates (such as the right plate 12), all connected and fixed with bolts to form a closed structure for mounting and supporting internal components. At the bottom of the rack housing 6 are fixture power AC connectors 9 and product power AC connectors 11, providing power support for the internal modules and the PCBA under test, respectively. Furthermore, a communication interface 8 is located on the right side of the rack housing 6 for data exchange with external ATE testing equipment.

[0031] Furthermore, the needle bed 5 is located inside the rack housing 6, and is divided into a left needle bed 25 and a right needle bed 28, corresponding to the left and right testing areas respectively. (According to the attached...) Figure 3 As shown, the needle bed 5 is connected to the test fixture via a rectangular heavy-duty connector. This connection method not only ensures the stability of signal transmission but also enables quick replacement of the needle bed. The needle bed 5 is designed as a detachable structure, secured by positioning pins and a locking mechanism to adapt to the testing requirements of different PCBA models. For example, when the needle bed needs to be replaced, simply loosen the locking mechanism, pull out the old needle bed, and insert the new needle bed to complete the replacement operation. The entire process requires no additional tools, significantly reducing the changeover time.

[0032] The pressure cylinder 1 is mounted above the frame housing 6 and connected to the acrylic pressure plate 3 via a metal guide rod 2. The height of the pressure cylinder 1 can be adjusted using an adjusting nut to accommodate PCBAs of different thicknesses. The acrylic pressure plate 3 directly contacts the PCBA surface and has anti-slip textures to prevent displacement of the PCBA during testing. The acrylic pressure plate 3 is also fixed by guide grooves for easy replacement and maintenance. The cylinder support consists of two parts: a vertical plate 4 and a flat plate. The vertical plate 4 is made of bakelite, and the flat plate is made of aluminum. (See attached...) Figure 1 As shown, the vertical plate 4 and the flat plate are connected by welding to form an integral structure, which supports the downward cylinder 1 and ensures its operational stability. The cylinder bracket is provided with guide holes, through which the metal guide rod 2 passes and is precisely guided by a linear bearing to prevent displacement during cylinder operation.

[0033] Discharge modules 35 and 38 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the rack housing 6, used for automatically discharging the large capacitors on the PCBA after testing. The activation of the discharge modules is controlled by a signal from the main control board 37, and the discharge process is set to 3 seconds by a time delay relay. After the discharge is completed, the main control board 37 sends a command to the cylinder control module 33 to raise the cylinder, allowing the operator to safely remove the product. In particular, the discharge modules are equipped with multiple independent discharge circuits, each equipped with a digital display (such as the left digital display 14 and the right digital display 18) to display the voltage values ​​of each capacitor in real time. For example, when the left PCBA test is completed, the left discharge module 35 is activated, and the left digital display 14 will display the voltage values ​​of each capacitor until the discharge is complete.

[0034] The dual-sided switching test function is implemented via the left / right switching switch 16. The specific operation steps are as follows: S1. Switch 16 to the left and press the left cylinder rise / fall control button 13 or 15. The left cylinder depresses, initiating the ATE test. S2. After the test is completed, an ATE signal is received, the left discharge module 35 starts, and the left digital display 14 displays the voltage values ​​of each capacitor. S3. After discharge is completed, the left cylinder rises, and the product is removed. S4. Switch 16 to the right and press the right cylinder rise / fall control button 17 or 19. The right cylinder depresses, initiating the ATE test. S5. After the test is completed, an ATE signal is received, the right discharge module 38 starts, and the right digital display 18 displays the voltage values ​​of each capacitor. S6. After discharge is completed, the right cylinder rises, and the product is removed. This dual-sided switching design allows the product to be tested to be placed on the other side while testing is being performed on one side, significantly improving testing efficiency.

[0035] The input / output interfaces and control modules include needle bed input interfaces (such as left needle bed input interface 23 and right needle bed input interface 26), output interfaces (such as left needle bed output interface 21 and right needle bed output interface 22), and capacitor voltage interfaces (such as left needle bed capacitor voltage interface 24 and right needle bed capacitor voltage interface 27). These interfaces are used to transmit test signals, acquire test results, and monitor the capacitor voltage values ​​on the PCBA, respectively. In addition, the device is equipped with left and right input control modules 39 and 40 and output control modules 29 and 30 for precise control of the needle bed input / output signals. For example, when the left PCBA enters the testing phase, the left input control module 39 receives the test signal from the ATE equipment and transmits it to the left needle bed 25 through the left needle bed input interface 23. Simultaneously, the left output control module 29 feeds back the test results to the ATE equipment through the left needle bed output interface 21.

[0036] The main control board 37, located at the bottom of the rack housing 6, is responsible for the control and coordination of the entire device. The main control board 37 connects to the input control module, output control module, discharge module, and cylinder control module via a data bus to achieve signal acquisition, processing, and feedback. The main control board 37 has a built-in microprocessor for executing control algorithms and logical judgments. For example, upon receiving a test completion signal from the ATE equipment, the main control board 37 immediately starts the corresponding discharge module and controls the cylinder to rise after discharge is complete. Furthermore, the main control board 37 is also responsible for monitoring the device's operating status; if any abnormality is detected, it will promptly issue an alarm signal and stop related operations.

[0037] The power module includes an internal power supply 34 for the fixture and an external power interface. The internal power supply 34 provides internal power to the device, while the external power interface is used to connect to an external power source. Specifically, the power module incorporates a multi-stage filtering circuit to suppress electromagnetic interference and ensure stable device operation. For example, in practical applications, when external power fluctuations are significant, the multi-stage filtering circuit can effectively smooth voltage fluctuations, preventing them from affecting the internal modules of the device.

[0038] In summary, this invention, through optimized structural design and functional integration, solves the problems of low efficiency, complex operation, and insufficient safety in traditional testing methods. For example, in a practical application at an electronics manufacturing company, this device significantly increased the capacity for PCBA functional testing, from 4 units per side to 8 units per side. It also achieved rapid line switching and automatic discharge functions, reducing manual intervention and simplifying operation. The dual-side switching design nearly doubled testing efficiency, while the automatic discharge function effectively ensured the safety of operators, avoiding safety hazards caused by residual charge. Therefore, this invention has broad application prospects and market value.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency test fixture for a test system that utilizes all channels and allows for bilateral switching, characterized in that, include: The frame housing (6), needle bed (5), pressing cylinder (1), acrylic pressure plate (3), communication interface (8), discharge module (35, 38), input / output interface and control module, main control board (37) and power module are provided. The frame housing (6) is a closed structure, which is fixed by bolts connecting the bottom plate (7), front plate (20), rear plate (10) and left and right side plates (12). The needle bed (5) is divided into left needle bed (25) and right needle bed (28), and is connected to the test frame by a rectangular heavy-duty connector. The pressing cylinder (1) is connected to the acrylic pressure plate (3) by a metal guide rod (2). The discharge modules (35, 38) are respectively set on the left and right sides of the frame housing (6). The main control board (37) is located at the bottom of the frame housing and is connected to the outside through a data bus.

2. The high-efficiency test fixture for a test system with full-channel utilization and bilateral switching as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rack housing (6) is made of bakelite material, and its bottom is provided with a fixture power supply AC socket (9) and a product power supply AC socket (11).

3. The high-efficiency test fixture for a test system with full-channel utilization and bilateral switching as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The needle bed (5) is designed as a detachable structure and is fixed by a positioning pin and a locking mechanism.

4. The high-efficiency test fixture for a test system with full-channel utilization and bilateral switching as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the pressing cylinder (1) can be adjusted by adjusting the nut, and the acrylic pressure plate (3) has anti-slip texture on its surface and is fixed by the guide groove.

5. The high-efficiency test fixture for a test system with full-channel utilization and bilateral switching as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge module (35, 38) is equipped with multiple independent discharge circuits, and each circuit is equipped with a digital display (14, 18).

6. The high-efficiency test fixture for a test system with full-channel utilization and bilateral switching as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The power module includes an internal power supply (34) for the fixture and an external power interface, and is equipped with a multi-stage filtering circuit.

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