A farming controller

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of breeding controllers;Including main control unit, power conversion unit, AD analog power conversion unit, DA analog output unit, analog quantity reference unit, output unit, weighing unit, main control unit is with power conversion unit, the main control unit in the application guarantees that control signal is efficiently received and sent, each unit is realized collaborative linkage, break the limitation of traditional breeding equipment dispersed control, improve system overall response speed.Power conversion unit completes power conversion, provides stable adaptive power supply for each module, guarantees that equipment is stably operated under the complex power supply environment of breeding.AD analog power conversion unit has signal acquisition and voltage stabilizing function, effectively filters electromagnetic interference in breeding environment, improves temperature, humidity and other environmental parameter acquisition precision;Improve anti-interference ability, DA analog output unit accurately outputs control signal, provides smooth instruction for actuator, ensures that environmental control, feeding and other operations are accurately executed;Ensure long-term stable operation of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of controller technology, and more particularly to an aquaculture controller. Background Technology

[0002] With the trend of large-scale and intensive development in modern agriculture, the livestock industry is gradually transforming from traditional manual management to intelligent and precise management. In traditional livestock farming, key aspects such as feed delivery, environmental control, and material weighing rely heavily on manual operation. This is not only inefficient and costly, but also suffers from significant human error and inconsistent management standards, making it difficult to meet the refined management needs of large-scale farming. As the scale of livestock farming continues to expand, the stability of the farming environment, the accuracy of feed delivery, and the real-time nature of data monitoring have become core factors affecting farming efficiency and product quality, highlighting the limitations of traditional management models.

[0003] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and embedded technology, intelligent aquaculture controllers have become key to solving the aforementioned problems. However, existing aquaculture controllers still have many shortcomings: some controllers lack precise weighing modules and analog signal processing units, resulting in insufficient data acquisition accuracy; they also lack compatibility and anti-interference capabilities, affecting the long-term stable operation of the system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem addressed in this application is to provide an aquaculture controller that solves the problems of insufficient data acquisition accuracy, inadequate compatibility and anti-interference capabilities, and the impact on the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a breeding controller, comprising a main control unit, a power conversion unit, an AD analog power conversion unit, a DA analog output unit, an analog reference unit, an output unit, and a weighing unit. The main control unit is electrically connected to the power conversion unit, the AD analog power conversion unit, the DA analog output unit, the analog reference unit, the output unit, and the weighing unit. The main control unit receives and transmits control signals; the power conversion unit converts power; the AD analog power conversion unit acquires and regulates analog signals; the DA analog output unit outputs analog signals; the analog reference unit provides a reference voltage; the output unit outputs pulses; and the weighing unit connects to an external weighing sensor to detect the weight of materials.

[0006] In some embodiments, the power conversion unit includes a plurality of first couplers and a plurality of second couplers, the first couplers and the second couplers being used alternately; the input terminals of the first couplers and the second couplers are respectively connected to resistors; and a capacitor is connected between the A1 pin and the K pin of the first coupler and the second coupler.

[0007] In some embodiments, the AD analog power conversion unit includes a Zener diode, the negative terminal of which is connected to a resistor and then to the main control unit, the negative terminal of which is connected to a resistor and then to ground, the anode of which is connected to a resistor and then to ground, and the anode of which is connected to a capacitor and then to the main control unit.

[0008] In some embodiments, the DA analog output unit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a transistor. The input signal is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier through a resistor; the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is grounded after being connected to a resistor; the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal through a resistor; the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the base of the transistor; the collector of the transistor is connected to a 24V power supply, and the emitter of the transistor is also connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier after being connected to a resistor; the emitter of the transistor is grounded after being connected to a resistor, and the emitter of the transistor is also connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier after being connected to a resistor; the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the second amplifier are connected to the main control unit after being connected to a resistor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the analog reference unit includes a voltage regulator, the reference terminal of which is connected to the main control unit, and the cathode of which is connected to a resistor and an inductor and then connected to a 3.3V power supply; the voltage regulator has two capacitors connected in parallel, which are grounded and connected to the main control unit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the output unit includes a terminal block, with IN1-IN8 pins of the terminal block connected to the main control unit, and OUT1-OUT8 pins of the terminal block respectively connected to a pulse output terminal; the pulse output terminal includes a plurality of relays connected in sequence, and the relays are correspondingly connected to a resistor and an LED; the relays are connected to a 24V power supply.

[0011] In some embodiments, the controller further includes a 485 communication unit, which includes an SP485 chip. The T2_RX and T2_TX pins of the SP485 chip are connected to the main control unit. The RE- and RE+ pins of the SP485 chip are grounded after being connected to a resistor. The VCC pin of the SP485 chip is connected to a 5V power supply. The 485- pin of the SP485 chip is grounded after being connected to a resistor, and the 485- pin of the SP485 chip is also connected to an external 1-485- port after being connected to a resistor R51. The 485+ pin of the SP485 chip U4 is connected to a 5V power supply after being connected to a resistor R51, and the 485+ pin of the SP485 chip is also connected to an external 1-485+ port after being connected to a resistor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the controller further includes a CAN communication unit, which includes a communication chip. The TXD and RXD pins of the communication chip are connected to the main control unit. The TXD and RXD pins of the communication chip are connected to a 3.3V power supply after being connected to a resistor. The VCC pin of the communication chip is connected to ground after being connected to a capacitor. The Vref pin of the communication chip is connected to ground after being connected to a capacitor. The L pin of the communication chip is connected to the main control unit after being connected to a resistor. The H pin of the communication chip is connected to the main control unit after being connected to a resistor.

[0013] In some embodiments, the controller further includes a weighing unit, which includes a weighing chip. The VDD, VSUP, and AVDD pins of the weighing chip are all connected to a +5V power supply. The BASE pin of the weighing chip is connected to the base of a transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to a capacitor and then grounded. The collector of the transistor is grounded. The collector of the transistor is also connected to the AVDD, VFB, GND, and VFB pins of the weighing chip. A capacitor and a resistor are connected between the collector of the transistor and the VFB pin of the weighing chip. A resistor is connected between the AVDD and VFB pins of the weighing chip. The VFB pin of the weighing chip is connected to a capacitor and then grounded. The AVDD, VFB, INA-, and INA+ pins of the weighing chip are connected to an external weighing sensor. A resistor is connected between the INA- pin of the weighing chip and the external weighing sensor. A resistor is connected between the INA+ pin of the weighing chip and the external weighing sensor. The PD_SCK and DOUT pins of the weighing chip are connected to the main control unit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the controller further includes a serial port download unit, which includes a serial port chip. Capacitors are connected to the C1+ and C1- pins of the serial port chip, and capacitors are also connected to the C2+ and C2- pins of the serial port chip. The T2IN and R2OUT pins of the serial port chip are connected to the main control unit. The V+ pin of the serial port chip is connected to a +5V power supply. The R2IN and R1IN pins of the serial port chip are connected to a download port after being connected to a resistor, and then grounded after being connected to an adjustable resistor. The T2OUT pin of the serial port chip is connected to ground after being connected to an adjustable resistor. The T2OUT pin of the serial port chip is connected to a download port after being connected to a resistor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The main control unit ensures efficient transmission and reception of control signals, enabling coordinated linkage among various units, breaking the limitations of traditional decentralized control of aquaculture equipment, and improving the overall system response speed. The power conversion unit completes power conversion, providing stable and compatible power to each module, ensuring stable operation of the equipment in complex power supply environments for aquaculture. The AD analog power conversion unit combines signal acquisition and voltage regulation functions, effectively filtering electromagnetic interference in the aquaculture environment and improving the accuracy of environmental parameter acquisition such as temperature and humidity; it also enhances anti-interference capabilities. The DA analog output unit accurately outputs control signals, providing smooth instructions to the actuators and ensuring accurate execution of operations such as environmental control and feeding. The analog reference unit provides a stable reference voltage, providing calibration basis for the acquisition and output of analog signals, further improving the accuracy of data interaction. The output unit achieves precise driving of feeding, ventilation, and other equipment through pulse output, and works with the weighing unit to connect to external weighing sensors to obtain material weight data in real time, solving the problems of tedious and data-lagging traditional manual weighing, realizing accurate calculation of feed consumption and dynamic adjustment of feeding amount, and ensuring long-term stable operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a circuit connection diagram of the main control unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a connection diagram of a power conversion unit circuit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a circuit connection diagram of an AD analog power conversion unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of a DA analog output unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a circuit connection diagram of an analog reference unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a circuit connection diagram of the output unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a circuit connection diagram of a communication unit according to an embodiment 485 of this application;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of a CAN communication unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a circuit connection diagram of a weighing unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a circuit connection diagram of a serial port download unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a circuit connection diagram of an LED status indicator light according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a circuit connection diagram of a power-off retention unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 13 This is a circuit connection diagram of a double-pole double-throw switch according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0031] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0034] Figures 1-13 An embodiment of the aquaculture controller of this application is shown, including a main control unit, a power conversion unit, an AD analog power conversion unit, a DA analog output unit, an analog reference unit, an output unit, and a weighing unit. The main control unit is electrically connected to the power conversion unit, the AD analog power conversion unit, the DA analog output unit, the analog reference unit, the output unit, and the weighing unit. The main control unit is used to receive and send control signals. The power conversion unit is used to convert power. The AD analog power conversion unit is used to acquire and regulate analog signals. The DA analog output unit is used to output analog signals. The analog reference unit is used to provide a reference voltage. The output unit is used for pulse output. The weighing unit is used to connect to an external weighing sensor to detect the weight of materials.

[0035] In this application, the main control unit ensures efficient transmission and reception of control signals, enabling coordinated operation among various units, breaking the limitations of traditional decentralized control of aquaculture equipment, and improving the overall system response speed. The power conversion unit performs power conversion, providing stable and compatible power to each module, ensuring stable operation of the equipment in complex aquaculture power supply environments. The AD analog power conversion unit combines signal acquisition and voltage regulation functions, effectively filtering electromagnetic interference in the aquaculture environment and improving the accuracy of environmental parameter acquisition such as temperature and humidity; it also enhances anti-interference capabilities. The DA analog output unit accurately outputs control signals, providing smooth instructions to the actuators and ensuring accurate execution of environmental control, feeding, and other operations. The analog reference unit provides a stable reference voltage, providing calibration basis for analog signal acquisition and output, further improving the accuracy of data interaction. The output unit achieves precise drive of feeding, ventilation, and other equipment through pulse output, and, in conjunction with the weighing unit, interfaces with external weighing sensors to acquire material weight data in real time, solving the problems of tedious manual weighing and data lag in traditional methods, enabling accurate calculation of feed consumption and dynamic adjustment of feeding amounts, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the main control unit U1 is an STM32F407ZET6; the VBAT pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to a 3V power supply; the VDD pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to a 3.3V power supply; the PA13 and PA14 pins of the main control unit U1 are connected to the download interface; the PF6, PF7 and PF8 pins of the main control unit U1 are connected to the external FLASH unit U2; the external FLASH unit U2 is a W25X40CL, the PF6 pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to the DO pin of the external FLASH unit U2, the PF8 pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to the CS pin of the external FLASH unit U2, and the PF8 pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to the CK pin of the external FLASH unit U2. The NRST pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to a resistor R2 and then to a 3.3V power supply. The NRST pin is also connected to a capacitor C8 and then to ground. The VSSA pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to a resistor R2 and a capacitor C8 and then to a 3.3V power supply. The VSSA pin of the main control unit U1 is also grounded.

[0037] The main control unit is responsible for receiving various signals transmitted from the power conversion unit, AD analog power conversion unit, weighing unit, etc. After processing, it sends control commands to the DA analog output unit and output unit to achieve coordinated operation of various units. At the same time, it integrates an external FLASH unit to store key data in the breeding process, ensuring data retention and traceability, and improving system response speed and control accuracy.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the PA0, PA1, PG2, PA15, and PB3 pins of the main control unit U1 are connected to the power conversion unit, which converts the external 24V power supply to 3.3V. The power conversion unit includes multiple first couplers (U48, U49, U50, and U53) and multiple second couplers (U51, U52, U54, and U55). The first couplers are model TLP181_EL357N, and the second couplers are model M6000EL317. The first and second couplers can be used alternately. The input terminals IN00-IN07 of the first and second couplers are connected to resistors R233, R229, R225, R221, R217, R213, R209, and R206, respectively. A capacitor (C84-C91) is connected between pins A1 and K of the first and second couplers. Resistors (R205, R208, R211, R215, R219, R223, R227, R231) are connected in parallel with each of the capacitors (C84-C91). The E pin of the first coupler is grounded, the C pin of the first coupler is connected to the main control unit, the GND pin of the second coupler is grounded, the VCC pin of the second coupler outputs 3.3V power, and the OUT pin of the second coupler is connected to the main control unit. The E pin of the first coupler and the OUT pin of the second coupler are also connected to LEDs, and each LED is connected to a resistor.

[0039] The power conversion unit uses multiple alternating first and second couplers to stably convert an external 24V power supply to a 3.3V power supply adapted to each module, providing continuous and stable power support for the system. The design of the resistors at the coupler input terminals, the capacitors between the pins, and the parallel resistors effectively suppresses electromagnetic interference in the aquaculture environment. At the same time, LED lights provide real-time feedback on the operating status, ensuring the reliability and safety of power conversion and adapting to the complex power supply environment of aquaculture.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the PA2 pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to the AD analog power conversion unit. The AD analog power conversion unit includes a Zener diode D6. The cathode of the Zener diode D6 is connected to a resistor R69 and then to the PA2 pin of the main control unit U1. The cathode of the Zener diode D6 is also connected to a resistor R65 and then to ACD0_IN. The cathode of the Zener diode D6 is connected to a resistor R67 and then to ground. The anode of the Zener diode D6 is connected to a resistor R67 and then to ground. The anode of the Zener diode D6 is connected to a capacitor C21 and then to the PA2 pin of the main control unit U1.

[0041] The AD analog power conversion unit accurately acquires analog signals such as temperature and humidity in the aquaculture environment through a filtering and voltage regulation circuit composed of Zener diodes, resistors, and capacitors, while filtering out interference signals and stabilizing the signal amplitude. It transmits the acquired analog signals to the main control unit, providing accurate data support for subsequent control decisions and solving the problems of low accuracy and weak anti-interference capability in traditional signal acquisition.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, pin PA5 of the main control unit U1 is connected to the DA analog output unit. The DA analog output unit includes a first amplifier U16A, a second amplifier U16B, and a transistor Q4. After a 24V power supply is input, it is filtered by a filter composed of inductor L6 and capacitor C54. The input signal DAC1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier U16A through resistor R118. The non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier U16A is connected to ground through resistor R119. The output terminal of the first amplifier U16A is connected to the inverting input terminal through resistors R123 and R30, forming an inverting amplifier. The output terminal of the first amplifier U16A is connected to the main control unit; the output terminal of the first amplifier U16A is also connected to the base of transistor Q4. The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to a 24V power supply. The emitter of transistor Q4 is also connected to the non-inverting input of the first amplifier U16A after a resistor R120. The emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to ground after a resistor R124 and a capacitor C55. The emitter of transistor Q4 is also connected to the non-inverting input of the second amplifier U16B after a resistor R124. The inverting input and output of the second amplifier U16B are connected to the main control unit after a resistor R121.

[0043] The DA analog output unit converts the digital control signals from the main control unit into precise analog outputs. Through a two-stage amplifier and transistor-based amplification and drive circuit, the signal is amplified and calibrated, providing smooth and accurate control commands to actuators such as feeding equipment and ventilation devices. Simultaneously, the filtering and feedback design in the circuit ensures the stability of the output signal, guaranteeing the accurate implementation of operations such as environmental control and feed dispensing.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the REF pin of the main control unit U1 is connected to the analog reference unit. The analog reference unit includes a voltage regulator Q3 whose reference terminal is connected to the REF pin of the main control unit U1. The cathode of the voltage regulator Q3 is connected to a resistor R91 and an inductor L2 and then connected to a 3.3V power supply. The resistor R91 is also electrically connected to the VDDA pin of the main control unit U1. The cathode of the voltage regulator Q3 is grounded. The voltage regulator Q3 is also connected in parallel with capacitors C35 and C38. Capacitors C35 and C38 are grounded and connected to the REF pin of the main control unit U1.

[0045] The analog reference unit provides a stable reference voltage through a voltage regulator, providing a unified calibration basis for the signal acquisition of the AD analog input unit and the signal output of the DA analog output unit. Its parallel capacitor, along with the series resistor and inductor, constitutes a voltage regulation and filtering circuit, effectively resisting the influence of power supply fluctuations, ensuring the stability of the reference voltage, and thus improving the accuracy of analog signal interaction in the entire system, laying the foundation for precise control.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, pins PA6, PC6, PC7, PA8, PB7, PB8, PB9, and PE0 of the main control unit U1 are connected to the output unit. The output unit includes terminals; pins IN1-IN8 of the terminals are connected to the main control unit, and pins OUT1-OUT8 of the terminals are each connected to a pulse output terminal. The pulse output terminal includes relays (K1, K3, K5, K7, K9, K11, K13, K15) connected in sequence, corresponding resistors (R5, R7, R9, R11, R13, R15, R17, R19), and corresponding LEDs (Y00-Y07). The relays are connected to a 24V power supply, and the normally open contact of relay K0 is connected between the COM terminal and the output terminal. Electrical isolation between the control signal and the load is achieved through the relays, and each channel has an LED status indicator.

[0047] The output unit drives and controls external actuators via pulse output. It receives commands from the main control unit through the IN1-IN8 pins of the terminal block and outputs pulse signals through the corresponding OUT1-OUT8 pins to drive relays, thereby controlling the start / stop and operating status of equipment such as feeding, ventilation, and lighting. Each pulse output terminal is equipped with a resistor and LED for circuit protection and operational status visualization. Simultaneously, the relays provide electrical isolation between the control signals and the load, enhancing operational safety.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the PC10, PC11, and PD3 pins of the main control unit U1 are connected to the 485 communication unit. The 485 communication unit includes the SP485 chip U4. The T2_RX and T2_TX pins of the SP485 chip U4 are connected to the main control unit. The RE- and RE+ pins of the SP485 chip U4 are connected to ground via resistor R47. The VCC pin of the SP485 chip U4 is connected to a 5V power supply. The 485- pin of the SP485 chip U4 is connected to ground via resistor R50. The 485- pin of the SP485 chip U4 is also connected to external port 1-485- via resistors R53 and R54. Resistor R53 is connected to ground via diode D2. The 485+ pin of the SP485 chip U4 is connected to 5V power supply via resistor R51. The 485+ pin of the SP485 chip U4 is connected to external port 1-485+ via resistor R52. Resistor R52 is connected to ground via diode D3.

[0049] The 485 communication unit, based on the SP485 chip, establishes a long-distance, interference-resistant communication link, enabling bidirectional data transmission between the controller and external host computers and other intelligent devices. Through pin-to-pin resistor matching and diode protection design, it enhances signal transmission stability and anti-interference capabilities, adapting to scenarios with wide-ranging aquaculture sites and dispersed equipment, breaking down data silos, and supporting centralized monitoring and remote management.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the PD0 and PD1 pins of the main control unit U1 are connected to the CAN communication unit, which includes the communication chip U6, model number SN65HVD230. The TXD and RXD pins of the communication chip are connected to the main control unit, and are connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistors R64 and R236 respectively. The VCC pin of the communication chip is connected to ground via capacitor C92; the Vref pin is connected to ground via capacitor C93; the L pin of the communication chip is connected to the main control unit via resistor R238; the H pin is connected to the main control unit via resistor R237; and resistor R239 is also connected to the external terminals of resistors R238 and R237. The RS pin of the communication chip is connected to ground via resistor R63.

[0051] The CAN communication unit uses the SN65HVD230 communication chip, providing highly reliable bus communication functionality suitable for large-scale farming scenarios involving multiple devices. It features differential signal transmission characteristics, strong anti-interference capabilities, and enables high-speed data interaction between the controller and multiple actuators and sensors. Furthermore, the resistor and capacitor design stabilizes the power supply and signal, ensuring real-time performance and accuracy of communication in complex farming environments.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9As shown, the weighing unit includes a weighing chip U18, model HX711. The VDD, VSUP, and AVDD pins of the weighing chip are all connected to a +5V power supply.

[0053] The BASE pin of the weighing chip is connected to the base of transistor Q2. The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected to ground via capacitor C28. The collector of transistor Q2 is grounded. The collector of transistor Q2 is also connected to the AVDD, VFB, GND, and VFB pins of the weighing chip. A capacitor C30 and a resistor R88 are connected between the collector of transistor Q2 and the VFB pin of the weighing chip. A resistor R87 is connected between the AVDD and VFB pins of the weighing chip. The VFB pin of the weighing chip is connected to ground via capacitor C31. The AVDD, VFB, INA-, and INA+ pins of the weighing chip are connected to an external load cell. A resistor R85 is connected between the INA- pin of the weighing chip and the external load cell. A resistor R86 is connected between the INA+ pin of the weighing chip and the external load cell. A capacitor C29 is connected between resistors R85 and R86. The INB- and INB+ pins of the weighing chip are grounded; the PD_SCK and DOUT pins of the weighing chip are connected to the main control unit.

[0054] The weighing unit connects to an external weighing sensor via a weighing chip to collect real-time weight data of feed and other materials. After internal circuit filtering and signal amplification, the accurate weight signal is transmitted to the main control unit. This solves the problems of cumbersome manual weighing and data lag, providing real-time data support for feed consumption calculation and dynamic adjustment of feeding amounts, helping to reduce feed waste and breeding costs.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the PA9 and PA10 pins of the main control unit U1 are connected to the serial port download unit, which includes a serial port chip U3 (model MAX232ESA). Capacitor C6 is connected to the C1+ and C1- pins of the serial port chip U3, and capacitor C7 is connected to the C2+ and C2- pins. The T2IN and R2OUT pins of the serial port chip U3 are connected to the PA9 and PA10 pins of the main control unit U1. The V+ pin of the serial port chip U3 is connected to the +5V power supply. The GND pin of the serial port chip U3 is grounded. Capacitors C10, C11, and C12 are connected in parallel between +5V and GND to stabilize the power supply. The R2IN and R1IN pins of the serial port chip U3 are connected to the download port DB1 via resistor R46, and then grounded via adjustable resistor D11. The T2OUT pin of the serial port chip U3 is connected to adjustable resistor D1 and then grounded. Connect the T2OUT pin of the serial port chip U3 to resistor R45 and then connect it to the download port DB1.

[0056] The serial port download unit, based on the MAX232ESA serial port chip, provides the controller with a program download and debugging interface. It connects to the main control unit via pins such as T2IN and R2OUT, enabling the writing, updating, and troubleshooting of the control program. The circuit incorporates capacitor filtering, resistor current limiting, and adjustable resistor design to ensure the stability of the download process, facilitating future function upgrades and system maintenance, and enhancing the controller's flexibility and scalability.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, the indicator unit includes three LED status indicators. The RUN indicator is controlled by the RUN_D signal; when lit, it indicates that the system is running. The ERR indicator is controlled by the ERR_D signal; when lit, it indicates that a system fault or error has occurred. The POWER indicator is controlled by the POWER signal; when lit, it indicates that the power supply is normally connected. The anode of each LED status indicator is connected to a +3.3V power supply, and each LED status indicator is connected in series with a resistor (R94, R95, R96). The POWER indicator is grounded.

[0058] The LED status indicators, consisting of RUN, ERR, and POWER lights, provide clear feedback on the system's operating status: a lit RUN light indicates normal system operation, a lit ERR light indicates a system fault or error, and a lit POWER light indicates that the power supply is properly connected. The resistor connected in series with the indicator lights provides current-limiting protection, facilitating quick troubleshooting and monitoring of equipment operation, thus reducing maintenance costs.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the power-off retention unit includes an optocoupler U22, model TLP181_EL357N. The A pin of the optocoupler is connected to a 24V power supply via a resistor R97. The K pin of the optocoupler is grounded. A resistor R470 is connected between the A pin and the K pin of the optocoupler. The resistor R97 is connected to a capacitor C46 and then grounded. The E pin of the optocoupler is connected to the main control unit. The E pin of the optocoupler is also connected to a resistor R99 and then grounded. The C pin of the optocoupler is connected to a 3.3V power supply.

[0060] The power failure retention unit utilizes optocouplers for power failure detection and data protection. When external power is interrupted, the optocoupler's signal feedback triggers the main control unit to save critical aquaculture data and operating parameters, preventing data loss. Simultaneously, the resistor and capacitor design in the circuit stabilizes the detection signal, ensuring reliability during power failure and providing data support for continued operation after power is restored.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 13As shown, the operation switch unit includes a double-pole double-throw switch. In the current state, S2 is grounded via RUN_SW, corresponding to the "run" mode. After switching, S2 is directly grounded, and RUN_SW is connected to S2, corresponding to the "stop" mode. RUN_SW is connected to the active unit.

[0062] The operation switch unit uses a double-pole double-throw switch to switch between the controller's "run" and "stop" modes: when the switch is in its current state, RUN_SW is grounded, and the system enters "run" mode; after switching, RUN_SW is directly grounded, and the system switches to "stop" mode. This simple mechanical operation enables system start-stop control, ensuring a reliable structure and allowing staff to quickly switch operating states according to aquaculture needs, thus improving operational convenience.

[0063] Therefore, this application discloses an aquaculture controller. The main control unit ensures efficient transmission and reception of control signals, enabling coordinated operation of all units, breaking the limitations of traditional decentralized control of aquaculture equipment, and improving the overall system response speed. The power conversion unit performs power conversion, providing stable and compatible power to each module, ensuring stable operation of the equipment in complex aquaculture power supply environments. The AD analog power conversion unit combines signal acquisition and voltage regulation functions, effectively filtering electromagnetic interference in the aquaculture environment and improving the accuracy of environmental parameter acquisition such as temperature and humidity; it also enhances anti-interference capabilities. The DA analog output unit accurately outputs control signals, providing smooth instructions to the actuators and ensuring accurate execution of environmental control, feeding, and other operations. The analog reference unit provides a stable reference voltage, providing calibration basis for analog signal acquisition and output, further improving the accuracy of data interaction. The output unit achieves precise drive of feeding, ventilation, and other equipment through pulse output. In conjunction with the weighing unit, it connects to external weighing sensors to obtain material weight data in real time, solving the problems of tedious manual weighing and data lag in traditional methods, enabling accurate calculation of feed consumption and dynamic adjustment of feeding amounts, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system.

[0064] The above are merely embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of this patent application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A livestock farming controller, characterized in that, The system includes a main control unit, a power conversion unit, an AD analog power conversion unit, a DA analog output unit, an analog reference unit, an output unit, and a weighing unit. The main control unit is electrically connected to the power conversion unit, the AD analog power conversion unit, the DA analog output unit, the analog reference unit, the output unit, and the weighing unit. The main control unit is used to receive and send control signals. The power conversion unit is used to convert power supplies. The AD analog power conversion unit is used to acquire and regulate analog signals. The DA analog output unit is used to output analog signals. The analog reference unit is used to provide a reference voltage. The output unit is used for pulse output. The weighing unit is used to connect to an external weighing sensor to detect the weight of materials.

2. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion unit includes multiple first couplers and multiple second couplers, which are used alternately; the input terminals of the first couplers and the second couplers are respectively connected to resistors; and a capacitor is connected between the A1 pin and the K pin of the first couplers and the second couplers.

3. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AD analog power conversion unit includes a Zener diode. The negative terminal of the Zener diode is connected to a resistor and then to the main control unit. The negative terminal of the Zener diode is connected to a resistor and then to ground. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to a resistor and then to ground. The anode of the Zener diode is connected to a capacitor and then to the main control unit.

4. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DA analog output unit includes a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a transistor. The input signal is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier through a resistor; the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier is grounded after being connected to a resistor; the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the inverting input terminal through a resistor; the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the base of the transistor; the collector of the transistor is connected to a 24V power supply, and the emitter of the transistor is also connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier after being connected to a resistor; the emitter of the transistor is grounded after being connected to a resistor, and the emitter of the transistor is also connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier after being connected to a resistor; the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the second amplifier are connected to the main control unit after being connected to a resistor.

5. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analog reference unit includes a voltage regulator. The reference terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the main control unit. The cathode of the voltage regulator is connected to a resistor and an inductor and then connected to a 3.3V power supply. The voltage regulator has two capacitors connected in parallel. These two capacitors are grounded and connected to the main control unit.

6. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output unit includes a terminal block, with IN1-IN8 pins connected to the main control unit and OUT1-OUT8 pins connected to a pulse output terminal respectively. The pulse output terminal includes multiple relays connected in sequence, with each relay corresponding to a resistor and an LED. The relays are connected to a 24V power supply.

7. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller also includes a 485 communication unit, which includes an SP485 chip. The T2_RX and T2_TX pins of the SP485 chip are connected to the main control unit. The RE- and RE+ pins of the SP485 chip are grounded after being connected to a resistor. The VCC pin of the SP485 chip is connected to a 5V power supply. The 485- pin of the SP485 chip is grounded after being connected to a resistor, and the 485- pin is also connected to an external 1-485- port after being connected to a resistor R51. The 485+ pin of the SP485 chip U4 is connected to a 5V power supply after being connected to a resistor R51, and the 485+ pin is also connected to an external 1-485+ port after being connected to a resistor.

8. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller also includes a CAN communication unit, which includes a communication chip. The TXD and RXD pins of the communication chip are connected to the main control unit. The TXD and RXD pins of the communication chip are connected to a 3.3V power supply after being connected to a resistor. The VCC pin of the communication chip is connected to ground after being connected to a capacitor. The Vref pin of the communication chip is connected to ground after being connected to a capacitor. The L pin of the communication chip is connected to the main control unit after being connected to a resistor. The H pin of the communication chip is connected to the main control unit after being connected to a resistor.

9. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller further includes a weighing unit, which includes a weighing chip. The VDD, VSUP, and AVDD pins of the weighing chip are all connected to a +5V power supply. The BASE pin of the weighing chip is connected to the base of a transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to a capacitor and then grounded. The collector of the transistor is grounded. The collector of the transistor is also connected to the AVDD, VFB, and GND pins of the weighing chip. A capacitor and a resistor are connected between the collector of the transistor and the VFB pin of the weighing chip. A resistor is connected between the AVDD and VFB pins of the weighing chip. The VFB pin of the weighing chip is connected to a capacitor and then grounded. The AVDD, VFB, INA-, and INA+ pins of the weighing chip are connected to an external weighing sensor. A resistor is connected between the INA- pin of the weighing chip and the external weighing sensor. A resistor is connected between the INA+ pin of the weighing chip and the external weighing sensor. The PD_SCK and DOUT pins of the weighing chip are connected to the main control unit.

10. The aquaculture controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller further includes a serial port download unit, which includes a serial port chip. Capacitors are connected to the C1+ and C1- pins of the serial port chip, and capacitors are also connected to the C2+ and C2- pins. The T2IN and R2OUT pins of the serial port chip are connected to the main control unit. The V+ pin of the serial port chip is connected to a +5V power supply. Resistors are connected to the R2IN and R1IN pins of the serial port chip, which are then connected to the download port and grounded after being connected to an adjustable resistor. The T2OUT pin of the serial port chip is connected to an adjustable resistor and grounded. Finally, a resistor is connected to the T2OUT pin of the serial port chip, which is then connected to the download port.

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