A centrifugal phenomenon demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of teaching demonstration device, especially a centrifugal phenomenon demonstration device, including the apron, the upper surface of apron is fixed with the rectangular frame, the bottom of rectangular frame is the cavity structure, the upper surface middle part of rectangular frame is fixedly installed with bearing seat, the coaxial installation of bearing seat has the central shaft, this device sets up two groups of spring steel sheet of vertical distribution and different inside diameters, and the adjustable speed rocker driving mechanism is matched, realizes the function of multi -parameter comparison demonstration and speed accurate control, solves the problem of the poor teaching effect caused by the single demonstration dimension and the difficult control of the speed of the traditional device demonstration in the middle school physics classroom, realizes the double function of experimental safety protection and clear observation through the full -wrap protection of high -transparency acrylic shield, and the accurate location of the limiting assembly, solves the problem of the lack of protection, the easy falling of the part, the unclear observation of the traditional device, guarantees the safety of classroom teaching and the demonstration intuitiveness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of teaching demonstration devices, and in particular relates to a centrifugal phenomenon demonstration device. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal force demonstration devices are core demonstration equipment in middle school physics teaching. They are mainly used to visually demonstrate the relationship between centrifugal force and rotational speed, mass, and radius of motion, helping students understand the physical essence of centrifugal force. Widely used in junior high school physics chapters on force and motion, and in high school physics teaching scenarios on circular motion, these devices are important tools for transforming abstract physical concepts into concrete experimental phenomena, significantly enhancing the interactivity and interest of classroom teaching.

[0003] In middle school physics classrooms, traditional centrifugation demonstration devices have significant shortcomings. Traditional devices are mostly single-structure designs, capable of demonstrating only a single dimension of centrifugation, failing to provide a direct comparison of the effects of different parameters on the centrifugation effect. Furthermore, the rotation speed is difficult to control precisely; too high a speed can cause parts to detach, posing a safety hazard, while too low a speed results in a weak demonstration. Additionally, the lack of reliable protective and limiting structures allows parts to easily shift during high-speed rotation, restricting students' observation perspective and making it difficult to clearly capture experimental details, thus impacting teaching effectiveness. Therefore, we propose a centrifugation demonstration device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device, comprising:

[0007] A cover plate has a rectangular frame fixed to its upper surface. The bottom of the rectangular frame is hollow. A bearing seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the rectangular frame. A central shaft is coaxially installed on the bearing seat. Spring steel sheet one and spring steel sheet two are inserted and installed on the central shaft. A high-transparency acrylic cover is fitted on the outer side of spring steel sheet one and spring steel sheet two. The bottom of the high-transparency acrylic cover is fixed to the upper surface of the rectangular frame by bolts. A connecting knob is inserted and installed in the middle of the upper surface of the high-transparency acrylic cover. The bottom end of the connecting knob is rotatably engaged with the top end of the central shaft.

[0008] The rectangular frame is equipped with a drive mechanism that drives the central shaft to rotate, and limit components are fixed on the outer side of the insertion positions of the spring steel sheet one and the spring steel sheet two with the central shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the first spring steel sheet and the second spring steel sheet are perpendicularly distributed, and the inner diameter of the second spring steel sheet is smaller than the inner diameter of the first spring steel sheet.

[0010] Preferably, a coupling is coaxially installed between the bearing housing and the central shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting component includes:

[0012] A limiting ring is inserted and installed on the central shaft, and the limiting ring is fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the spring steel sheet. The inner circumference of the limiting ring is provided with multiple limiting protrusions, and the outer circumference of the central shaft is provided with limiting grooves that are adapted to the multiple limiting protrusions. The limiting protrusions slide in cooperation with the corresponding limiting grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting ring on the outer circumference of the two spring steel sheets is fixed to the two spring steel sheets.

[0014] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes:

[0015] The driving wheel is rotatably mounted at the bottom edge of the inner cavity of the rectangular frame. A driven wheel is rotatably mounted at the center of the lower surface of the rectangular frame. A belt is installed between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is connected to the driven wheel through the belt. A drive shaft is coaxially mounted on the upper surface of the driven wheel, and the top end of the drive shaft passes through the rectangular frame and is coaxially connected to the bearing seat.

[0016] Preferably, the drive mechanism further includes:

[0017] A positioning pin sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of a rectangular frame and located directly above the axis of the drive wheel. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the positioning pin sleeve, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft passes through the rectangular frame and is coaxially connected to the drive wheel below. A rotating wheel is coaxially connected to the top end of the rotating shaft, and a rocker arm is rotatably installed on the upper surface of the rotating wheel near the circumference.

[0018] Preferably, a support base is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover plate, and support frames are symmetrically fixed at the rear side of the upper surface of the rectangular frame, with a demonstration and instruction board fixedly installed between the two support frames.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This device, by setting two sets of vertically distributed spring steel plates with different inner diameters, and combining them with an adjustable-speed rocker drive mechanism, realizes the functions of multi-parameter comparison demonstration and precise speed control, solving the problem of poor teaching effect caused by the single dimension of traditional device demonstration and difficulty in controlling speed in middle school physics classrooms.

[0021] 2. This device achieves the dual functions of experimental safety protection and clear observation through the full-coverage protection of the high-transparency acrylic cover and the precise limiting of the limiting components. It solves the problems of traditional devices lacking protection, easy parts falling off, and unclear observation, thus ensuring classroom teaching safety and intuitive demonstration. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-transparency acrylic protective cover in the separated state of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the centrifuge body in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component in this utility model.

[0028] The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0029] 1. Cover plate; 2. Rectangular frame; 3. High-transparency acrylic cover; 4. Bearing housing; 5. Coupling; 6. Central shaft; 7. Spring steel sheet one; 8. Spring steel sheet two; 9. Connecting knob; 10. Limiting ring; 11. Limiting protrusion; 12. Limiting groove; 13. Driving wheel; 14. Driven wheel; 15. Belt; 16. Drive shaft; 17. Positioning pin sleeve; 18. Rotating shaft; 19. Rotating wheel; 20. Rocker arm; 21. Support base; 22. Support frame; 23. Demonstration and instruction board. Detailed Implementation

[0030] This application provides a centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device for middle school physics classroom teaching scenarios, effectively solving the problems of traditional centrifugation phenomenon demonstration devices having a single demonstration dimension, difficult speed control, and lack of safety protection. Traditional devices can only demonstrate a single centrifugation effect, cannot compare the influence of different parameters on the centrifugation phenomenon, and the speed is prone to fluctuating when manually driven, resulting in unstable demonstration effects. At the same time, there is no reliable protective structure, and high-speed rotating parts are at risk of falling off, making it difficult to meet the teaching needs of middle school classrooms for safety, controllability, intuitive comparison, and repeated use.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the overall concept of the embodiments of this application is as follows:

[0032] With the core design logic of adapting to middle school physics classroom teaching, a multi-parameter comparison demonstration system is constructed by vertically distributing spring steel sheets with different inner diameters. The speed is precisely controlled by relying on a rocker arm and belt drive. A high-transparency protective cover and limiting components ensure experimental safety. At the same time, a demonstration and explanation board is set up to assist teaching, ensuring that the device is both intuitive and easy to understand, as well as safe and durable in classroom scenarios.

[0033] The structure, installation method, connection relationship and details of each part of this utility model are as follows, to ensure that those skilled in the art can fully implement it based on the following description:

[0034] The cover plate 1 is a rectangular steel plate, and a rectangular frame 2 is fixed to the upper surface by full welding. The bottom of the rectangular frame 2 has a hollow structure to accommodate the drive mechanism components. Four support seats 21 are welded to the lower surface of the cover plate 1, which can be stable and non-slip when placed on the laboratory table to prevent the device from shifting during the demonstration.

[0035] On the upper surface of the rectangular frame 2, near the rear, two support frames 22 are symmetrically welded together. The two support frames 22 are fixed together by bolts to install a demonstration board 23. The font is bold Song typeface to ensure that students in the back row of the classroom can see it clearly, and to assist the teacher in explaining the experimental principle.

[0036] The bearing housing 4 is a deep groove ball bearing housing, which is fixed to the center of the upper surface of the rectangular frame 2 by four M8×20mm bolts. A coupling 5 is coaxially installed inside the bearing housing 4, and the other end of the coupling 5 is coaxially connected to the central shaft 6. The central shaft 6 is made of stainless steel and the surface is polished to ensure smooth rotation.

[0037] Spring steel sheet 7 and spring steel sheet 8 are inserted and installed on the central shaft 6. The two are perpendicularly distributed. The inner diameter of spring steel sheet 7 is 15-18mm and the inner diameter of spring steel sheet 8 is 12-15mm. Both are made of 65Mn spring steel, which has good elasticity and fatigue resistance and can withstand repeated classroom demonstrations without permanent deformation. Limiting rings 10 are fitted on the outer side of spring steel sheet 7 and spring steel sheet 8. The limiting rings 10 are fixed to the steel sheets by spot welding to prevent the steel sheets from sliding along the central shaft 6 axially.

[0038] A connecting knob 9 is inserted and installed at the top of the central shaft 6. The bottom of the connecting knob 9 is rotatably connected to the top of the central shaft 6 through a clearance fit. This is used to limit the spring steel sheet from falling upwards and to facilitate the disassembly of the steel sheet for replacement with different specifications.

[0039] The limiting assembly includes a limiting ring 10, limiting protrusions 11, and limiting grooves 12. The inner circumference of the limiting ring 10 is milled with 3-4 limiting protrusions 11, and the outer circumference of the central shaft 6 is provided with corresponding limiting grooves 12 that are adapted to the limiting protrusions 11. During installation, the limiting protrusions 11 are aligned with the limiting grooves 12 and inserted, with a sliding fit clearance of 0.1-0.2mm, to ensure that the spring steel sheet can only unfold radially and cannot rotate circumferentially or deviate axially, thus avoiding the safety hazard caused by the steel sheet falling off during classroom demonstrations.

[0040] The drive mechanism includes a drive wheel 13, a driven wheel 14, a belt 15, a transmission shaft 16, a locating pin sleeve 17, a rotating shaft 18, a rotating wheel 19, and a rocker arm 20. The drive wheel 13 is a rubber wheel, which is rotatably mounted on the bottom edge of the inner cavity of the rectangular frame 2 via a flat key. The locating pin sleeve 17 is welded to the upper surface of the rectangular frame 2 above the drive wheel 13. The rotating shaft 18 is slidably mounted inside the locating pin sleeve 17. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 18 is coaxially fixed to the drive wheel 13 via a flat key, and the top end is coaxially connected to the rotating wheel 19 via a flat key.

[0041] The rotating wheel 19 is made of plastic, and a rocker arm 20 is rotatably mounted on its outer circumference. When the teacher cranks the rocker arm 20, the rotation speed of the driving wheel 13 can be precisely adjusted by controlling the cranking speed. The driven wheel 14 is a rubber wheel, which is coaxially fixed to the drive shaft 16 by a flat key. The drive shaft 16 is made of stainless steel, and its bottom end is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the inner cavity of the rectangular frame 2 by a deep groove ball bearing. Its top end passes through the upper surface of the rectangular frame 2 and is coaxially connected to the coupling 5.

[0042] A belt 15 is fitted between the driving wheel 13 and the driven wheel 14. The power of the driving wheel 13 is transmitted to the driven wheel 14 through the belt drive. The transmission ratio is 2:1, which amplifies the speed to facilitate observation of the centrifugal effect and avoids excessive expansion of the steel sheet due to excessive manual speed. The tension of the belt 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the driving wheel 13 to ensure that there is no slippage in the transmission.

[0043] The high-transparency acrylic shield 3 is made of transparent acrylic sheet, shaped like an inverted square box, with 4 bolt holes on the bottom edge. It is fixed to the upper surface of the rectangular frame 2 with M6×15mm bolts, completely covering the rotating parts such as the central shaft 6, spring steel sheet 1 7, and spring steel sheet 2 8. The acrylic shield has a light transmittance of ≥92%, ensuring that all students in the class can clearly observe the demonstration process from different angles, while preventing the steel sheets from accidentally falling off or debris from flying, which meets the safety regulations for middle school classrooms.

[0044] This implementation method is designed for middle school physics classroom teaching scenarios. Through the collaborative design of multi-parameter comparison demonstration, controllable speed, and high-penetration protection, it ensures that the device can not only intuitively demonstrate the core principle of centrifugal phenomenon, but also meet the needs of repeated use in the classroom and observation by multiple people. It effectively solves the core pain points of traditional devices in classroom scenarios, helps teachers transform the abstract concept of centrifugal force into a concrete experiment, and improves teaching effectiveness.

[0045] The working principle of this device is as follows:

[0046] This centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device focuses on multi-dimensional demonstration, safety and controllability, and intuitive observation. Through the coordinated operation of mechanical transmission and structural limiting, it clearly demonstrates the centrifugation phenomenon. The specific process is as follows:

[0047] 1. Device fixing and preliminary preparation:

[0048] The support base 21 is fixed to the laboratory table with expansion bolts, and the rectangular frame 2 is welded to the support base 21 to provide stable support for the overall structure; the demonstration board 23 between the two support frames 22 marks the experimental principle and operation steps, which is convenient for students to observe and compare; the high-transparency acrylic cover 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the rectangular frame 2 with bolts to form a full-coverage protection to prevent parts from splashing during the experiment.

[0049] 2. Power transmission of the drive mechanism:

[0050] The hand crank 20 drives the rotating wheel 19 and the rotating shaft 18 to rotate synchronously. The rotating shaft 18 is positioned by the positioning pin sleeve 17 to ensure smooth rotation. The driving wheel 13 is fixed coaxially with the rotating shaft 18 and is connected to the driven wheel 14 through the belt 15 to transmit power to the drive shaft 16. The top of the drive shaft 16 passes through the rectangular frame 2 and is coaxially connected to the central shaft 6 in the bearing seat 4 through the coupling 5, driving the central shaft 6 to rotate synchronously.

[0051] 3. Demonstration process of centrifugation:

[0052] When the central shaft 6 rotates, it generates centrifugal force, which causes the vertically distributed spring steel sheet 7 and spring steel sheet 8 to unfold outward. Due to their different inner diameters, the unfolding amplitude is different at the same rotation speed, which intuitively demonstrates the influence of motion radius and stiffness on centrifugal effect. The limiting protrusion 11 on the limiting ring 10 slides along the limiting groove 12 of the central shaft 6 to prevent the spring steel sheet from shifting and falling off when rotating, thus ensuring experimental safety.

[0053] 4. Observation and teaching explanation:

[0054] Students can clearly observe the unfolding process and amplitude differences of the spring steel sheet through the high-transparency acrylic protective cover 3. The teacher explains the centrifugal force formula with the demonstration board 23. By adjusting the rotation speed of the rocker arm 20, the unfolding effect of the spring steel sheet at different speeds is compared, which helps students intuitively understand the relationship between centrifugal force, rotation speed, and radius of motion, and completes the concrete teaching of abstract physical concepts.

[0055] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device, characterized in that, include: Cover plate (1), the upper surface of the cover plate (1) is fixed with a rectangular frame (2), the bottom of the rectangular frame (2) is a cavity structure, a bearing seat (4) is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the rectangular frame (2), a central shaft (6) is coaxially installed on the bearing seat (4), a spring steel sheet one (7) and a spring steel sheet two (8) are inserted and installed on the central shaft (6), a high-transparency acrylic cover (3) is sleeved on the outside of the spring steel sheet one (7) and the spring steel sheet two (8), and the bottom of the high-transparency acrylic cover (3) is fixed to the upper surface of the rectangular frame (2) by bolts. A connecting knob (9) is inserted and installed in the middle of the upper surface of the high-transparency acrylic cover (3), and the bottom end of the connecting knob (9) is rotatably engaged with the top end of the central shaft (6). The rectangular frame (2) is provided with a drive mechanism to drive the central shaft (6) to rotate. Limiting components are fixed on the outer side of the spring steel sheet one (7) and spring steel sheet two (8) at the insertion position with the central shaft (6).

2. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring steel sheet one (7) and the spring steel sheet two (8) are perpendicularly distributed, and the inner diameter of the spring steel sheet two (8) is smaller than the inner diameter of the spring steel sheet one (7).

3. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coupling (5) is coaxially installed between the bearing housing (4) and the central shaft (6).

4. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting component includes: A limiting ring (10) is inserted and installed on the central shaft (6), and the limiting ring (10) is fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the spring steel sheet (7). The inner circumference of the limiting ring (10) is provided with multiple limiting protrusions (11), and the outer circumference of the central shaft (6) is provided with limiting grooves (12) that are adapted to the multiple limiting protrusions (11). The limiting protrusions (11) and the corresponding limiting grooves (12) slide in cooperation.

5. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting ring (10) on the outer circumference of the second spring steel sheet (8) is fixed to the second spring steel sheet (8).

6. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: The driving wheel (13) is rotatably mounted at the bottom edge of the inner cavity of the rectangular frame (2). The driven wheel (14) is rotatably mounted at the center of the lower surface of the rectangular frame (2). A belt (15) is installed between the driving wheel (13) and the driven wheel (14). The driving wheel (13) is connected to the driven wheel (14) through the belt (15). A drive shaft (16) is coaxially mounted on the upper surface of the driven wheel (14). The top end of the drive shaft (16) passes through the rectangular frame (2) and is coaxially connected to the bearing seat (4).

7. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes: A positioning pin sleeve (17) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rectangular frame (2) and located directly above the axis of the drive wheel (13). A rotating shaft (18) is rotatably installed inside the positioning pin sleeve (17), and the bottom end of the rotating shaft (18) passes through the rectangular frame (2) and is coaxially connected to the drive wheel (13) below. A rotating wheel (19) is coaxially connected to the top end of the rotating shaft (18), and a rocker arm (20) is rotatably installed on the upper surface of the rotating wheel (19) near the circumference.

8. The centrifugation phenomenon demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support base (21) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cover plate (1), and a support frame (22) is symmetrically fixed at the rear side of the upper surface of the rectangular frame (2). A demonstration instruction board (23) is fixedly installed between the two support frames (22).

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