An integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration teaching board

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration teaching board. Including printed circuit board, its front silk screen substation primary system diagram, integrated operating state acquisition switch, fault setting switch, double-color LED indicator and touch display screen;Back fixed microprocessor, storage element, signal acquisition circuit, indicator driving circuit and power supply part. Through fault setting switch input fault signal, signal acquisition circuit transmission to microprocessor, microprocessor combines storage element logic judgment, double-color LED indicator (red light closing / with voltage, green light opening / without voltage) intuitive display equipment state, touch display screen display relay protection action information. The utility model is integrated design, small, portable, low in cost, can simulate substation full scene fault, solve existing equipment site limited, high cost, insufficient interaction problem, applicable to on-site training and self-study, strong popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power training equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated portable demonstration and teaching board for substation electrical equipment accidents. Background Technology

[0002] Current training on substation switching operations, equipment malfunctions, and accidents mainly relies on two types of tools: one is a 3D computer simulation system, which has high simulation accuracy and extensive content, but requires high-configuration computers, is expensive, and can only be conducted in a fixed classroom, lacking portability and failing to meet on-site training needs; the other is a physical sand table model, which uses manual operation to simulate wiring status, lacks electronic simulation functions, cannot demonstrate relay protection action logic and dynamic changes in equipment status, and has limited training effectiveness.

[0003] Furthermore, some transmission line fault simulation devices only target single-line faults, failing to cover the entire substation primary system, and lack touch interaction and relay protection action information visualization functions. Traditional relay protection testing devices are functionally limited, focusing on equipment testing rather than educational demonstrations, and are complex to operate and inconvenient to carry. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a demonstration and teaching device that is compact, low-cost, portable, easy to operate, and can completely simulate the accident states of the substation primary system, addressing the technical pain points of existing training equipment such as poor accessibility, incomplete scenario coverage, and insufficient interactivity. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an integrated portable demonstration and teaching board for substation electrical equipment accidents, which aims to solve the technical problems of poor portability, high cost, incomplete scenario coverage, and insufficient interactivity of existing substation accident training equipment.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of this application, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board, comprising:

[0006] The printed circuit board is an integrated carrier, and the front and back of the printed circuit board are divided into functional zones.

[0007] The microprocessor is fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board;

[0008] The storage element is fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board and connected to the microprocessor for signal transmission.

[0009] The operation status acquisition section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the microprocessor, and is used to acquire the operation status signals of substation equipment.

[0010] The fault setting section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the microprocessor, and is used to input device fault simulation signals.

[0011] The operation status display section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the microprocessor, and is used to output device operation status indication signals;

[0012] A touch screen is embedded and fixed to the front of the printed circuit board and connected to the microprocessor via bidirectional signals for human-computer interaction and display of protection action information.

[0013] The power supply section is fixed to the back of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the microprocessor, storage element, operating status acquisition section, fault setting section, operating status display section and touch screen respectively, and is used to provide working power.

[0014] The microprocessor, storage components, and power supply are integrated on the back of the printed circuit board, while the operating status acquisition section, fault setting section, operating status display section, and touch screen are integrated on the front of the printed circuit board, forming an integrated portable structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the front of the printed circuit board is silkscreened with a complete primary system diagram of the substation. The primary system diagram of the substation includes silkscreened graphics of busbars, disconnecting switches, circuit breakers, current transformers, voltage transformers, transformers, and lines. The operation status acquisition section, fault setting section, and operation status display section are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the silkscreened graphics.

[0016] In some embodiments, the operating status acquisition section includes several operating status acquisition switches and a signal acquisition circuit. The operating status acquisition switches include a bus voltage status switch, a circuit breaker position switch, and a disconnector position switch, which are respectively installed on the side of the silkscreened graphics of the bus, circuit breaker, and disconnector on the front of the printed circuit board. The signal acquisition circuit is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board, and its input terminal is electrically connected to each operating status acquisition switch, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor. The signal acquisition circuit is a parallel-to-serial data acquisition chip.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fault setting section includes several fault setting switches, including bus fault switches, line fault switches, transformer fault switches, circuit breaker fault switches, and disconnector fault switches, which are respectively installed on the side of the silkscreened graphics of the bus, line, transformer, circuit breaker, and disconnector on the front of the printed circuit board. The output terminal of each fault setting switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal acquisition circuit.

[0018] In some embodiments, the operating status display section includes several dual-color LED indicator lights and an indicator light driving circuit. The dual-color LED indicator lights include bus voltage indicator lights, circuit breaker status indicator lights, and disconnector status indicator lights, which are respectively soldered above the silkscreened graphics of the bus, circuit breaker, and disconnector on the front of the printed circuit board. The indicator light driving circuit is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor, and its output terminal is electrically connected to each dual-color LED indicator light. The indicator light driving circuit is a serial-to-parallel driving chip. The red light of the dual-color LED indicator light corresponds to the device being closed / with voltage, and the green light corresponds to the device being open / without voltage.

[0019] In some embodiments, the touch screen is a rectangular touch screen embedded in the center of the front of the printed circuit board. The signal input terminal of the touch screen is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor, and the signal output terminal of the touch screen is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor. It is used to receive operation commands and display equipment operating parameters, fault types, and relay protection action information.

[0020] In some embodiments, the power supply section includes a lithium battery, a charging management circuit, and a voltage conversion circuit. The lithium battery is fixed to the edge area of ​​the back of the printed circuit board. The charging management circuit and the voltage conversion circuit are both fixed to the back of the printed circuit board and electrically connected to the lithium battery. The output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor, storage element, signal acquisition circuit, indicator light driving circuit, and touch screen, respectively, providing two operating voltages: 3.3V and 5.0V. The charging management circuit is equipped with a USB-C charging interface, which is embedded in the side of the printed circuit board.

[0021] In some embodiments, the microprocessor is a single-chip microcomputer. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the storage element, the touch screen, the signal acquisition circuit, and the indicator light driving circuit, respectively. The microprocessor has a built-in fault logic judgment program, which is used to generate corresponding equipment status control signals and protection action information based on the acquired operating status signals and fault setting signals.

[0022] In some embodiments, the storage element is a non-volatile Flash memory chip, which is fixedly installed on the back of the printed circuit board near the microprocessor, and is used to store substation primary system parameters, equipment operating status data, fault type data, and relay protection action logic data.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] Integrated Portable Design: All functional modules are integrated into a single printed circuit board (PCB), with a built-in lithium battery and flame-retardant ABS shell. The overall size is small and lightweight, and can be carried by one person. It breaks through the site limitations of traditional training equipment and realizes diverse application scenarios such as on-site training and self-study.

[0025] Full-scenario accident simulation: Covers fault settings for core substation equipment such as busbars, lines, and transformers. Combined with a complete primary system silkscreen diagram, it can simulate various equipment faults and power grid accidents. The scenario coverage is comprehensive, solving the shortcomings of existing equipment with single scenario.

[0026] Intuitive interactive experience: The dual-color LED indicator lights are linked with the touch screen to simultaneously visualize the device's opening and closing status, voltage status, and relay protection action information. The operation is simple, the demonstration is intuitive, and the training effect is significantly improved.

[0027] Low cost and high accessibility: It adopts general-purpose microcontrollers, memory chips and conventional electronic components, with low overall cost (less than 2,000 yuan), low maintenance workload, and easy to be widely used by power companies and colleges.

[0028] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A front structural schematic diagram of the integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the back structure of the integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board provided in the embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3 To demonstrate the circuit logic block diagram of the teaching board;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of signal point acquisition and driving principle.

[0034] The components include: 1. Busbar; 2. Disconnecting switch; 3. Dual-color LED indicator; 4. Circuit breaker; 5. Current transformer; 6. Voltage transformer; 7. Operating status acquisition switch; 8. Fault setting switch; 9. Touch screen; 10. Signal acquisition circuit; 11. Indicator light driver circuit; 12. Microprocessor; 13. Storage element; 14. Power supply section; 15. Printed circuit board; 16. Flame-retardant ABS shell. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model to achieve its intended purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects according to this utility model application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "embodiments" or "embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be clarified that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence; the terms "vertical," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "back," "left," "right," "up," "down," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model, and do not mean that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or position, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides an integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board, including:

[0039] Printed circuit board 15, the printed circuit board 15 is an integrated carrier, and the front and back of the printed circuit board 15 are divided into functional zones.

[0040] The microprocessor 12 is fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board 15;

[0041] Storage element 13 is fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board 15 and is signal-connected to the microprocessor 12;

[0042] The operation status acquisition section is fixed on the front of the printed circuit board 15 and electrically connected to the microprocessor 12, and is used to acquire the operation status signals of the substation equipment.

[0043] The fault setting section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board 15 and electrically connected to the microprocessor 12, and is used to input device fault simulation signals.

[0044] The operation status display section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board 15 and electrically connected to the microprocessor 12, and is used to output device operation status indication signals;

[0045] The touch screen 9 is embedded and fixed on the front of the printed circuit board 15 and bidirectionally connected to the microprocessor 12 for human-computer interaction and display of protection action information.

[0046] The power supply section 14 is fixed to the back of the printed circuit board 15 and electrically connected to the microprocessor 12, storage element 13, operating status acquisition section, fault setting section, operating status display section and touch screen 9 respectively, and is used to provide working power.

[0047] The microprocessor 12, storage element 13, and power supply section 14 are integrated on the back of the printed circuit board 15, while the operation status acquisition section, fault setting section, operation status display section, and touch screen 9 are integrated on the front of the printed circuit board 15, forming an integrated portable structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the printed circuit board 15 serves as an integrated carrier, with its front and back sides arranged according to functional partitions. The microprocessor 12, storage element 13, and power supply section 14 are fixed on the back, while the operation status acquisition section, fault setting section, operation status display section, and touch screen 9 are integrated on the front. An external flame-retardant ABS shell 16 forms a compact structure. After startup, the power supply section 14 supplies power to each module. The operation status acquisition section collects substation equipment operation status signals, and the fault setting section inputs fault simulation signals. Both types of signals are transmitted to the microprocessor 12, which processes the data from the storage element 13 and then sends the equipment status indication signal to the operation status display section and the protection action information to the touch screen 9, achieving a closed loop of signal input-processing-output. This integrated layout significantly reduces the size, making it easy for a single person to carry and overcoming the site limitations of traditional training equipment. Simultaneously, the clear partitioning of each module and the clear signal transmission path improve operational stability.

[0049] In some embodiments, the front of the printed circuit board 15 is silkscreened with a complete primary system diagram of the substation. The primary system diagram of the substation includes silkscreened graphics of busbar 1, disconnector 2, circuit breaker 4, current transformer 5, voltage transformer 6, transformer, and line. The operation status acquisition section, fault setting section, and operation status display section are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the silkscreened graphics.

[0050] In this embodiment, the front of the printed circuit board 15 is silkscreened with a complete primary system diagram of the substation, including silkscreened graphics of busbar 1, disconnector 2, circuit breaker 4, current transformer 5, voltage transformer 6, transformer, and lines. The operation status acquisition section, fault setting section, and operation status display section are arranged one-to-one with the silkscreen graphics. In use, operators can quickly locate the corresponding functional components of each device through the silkscreen graphics. The fault setting section inputs fault signals for specific silkscreen graphics, the operation status acquisition section synchronously collects the operation status of the device, and the operation status display section provides feedback on the status changes at the corresponding location. The complete primary system diagram ensures that fault simulation covers the core equipment of the substation, avoiding the limitations of single-device fault simulation. The correspondence between silkscreen graphics and functional components reduces the difficulty of operation and improves training efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments, the operation status acquisition section includes several operation status acquisition switches 7 and a signal acquisition circuit 10. The operation status acquisition switches 7 include a bus voltage status switch, a circuit breaker position switch, and a disconnector position switch, which are respectively installed on the side of the silkscreened patterns of the bus 1, circuit breaker 4, and disconnector 2 on the front of the printed circuit board 15. The signal acquisition circuit 10 is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board 15, and its input terminal is electrically connected to each operation status acquisition switch 7, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor 12. The signal acquisition circuit 10 is a parallel-to-serial data acquisition chip.

[0052] In this embodiment, the operation status acquisition section consists of an operation status acquisition switch 7 and a signal acquisition circuit 10. The operation status acquisition switch 7 includes a bus voltage status switch, a circuit breaker position switch, and a disconnector position switch, which are respectively installed next to the silkscreen patterns of bus 1, circuit breaker 4, and disconnector 2. The signal acquisition circuit 10 is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board 15 and is a parallel-to-serial data acquisition chip. During operation, the device operation status is set by the corresponding switch. The signal generated by the switch opening and closing is transmitted to the signal acquisition circuit 10. The signal acquisition circuit 10 converts the multiple parallel signals into serial signals and transmits them to the microprocessor 12. The parallel-to-serial acquisition method simplifies circuit wiring, reduces signal interference, and the corresponding installation of the switches and silkscreen patterns makes the status setting more accurate, ensuring that the signals received by the microprocessor 12 truly reflect the device operation status.

[0053] In some embodiments, the fault setting section includes several fault setting switches 8, which include bus fault switches, line fault switches, transformer fault switches, circuit breaker fault switches, and disconnector fault switches. These switches are respectively installed next to the silkscreened graphics of the bus 1, line, transformer, circuit breaker 4, and disconnector 2 on the front side of the printed circuit board 15. The output terminal of each fault setting switch 8 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal acquisition circuit 10.

[0054] In this embodiment, the fault setting section includes several fault setting switches 8, covering bus fault switches, line fault switches, transformer fault switches, circuit breaker fault switches, and disconnector fault switches. These are respectively installed next to the silkscreened graphics of bus 1, line, transformer, circuit breaker 4, and disconnector 2. The output of each fault setting switch 8 is connected to the signal acquisition circuit 10. When a specific fault needs to be simulated, the corresponding fault setting switch 8 is closed. The fault signal is collected by the signal acquisition circuit 10 and transmitted to the microprocessor 12, where it is combined with the operating status signal for logical judgment. The setting of multiple types of fault switches enables full-scenario fault simulation in the substation, solving the problem of limited scenario coverage in existing equipment. The switches directly correspond to the silkscreened graphics of the equipment, making operation intuitive and requiring no professional training.

[0055] In some embodiments, the operating status display section includes several dual-color LED indicator lights 3 and an indicator light driving circuit 11. The dual-color LED indicator lights 3 include bus voltage indicator lights, circuit breaker status indicator lights, and disconnector status indicator lights, which are respectively soldered above the silkscreen patterns of bus 1, circuit breaker 4, and disconnector 2 on the front side of the printed circuit board 15. The indicator light driving circuit 11 is fixed to the back side of the printed circuit board 15, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor 12, and its output terminal is electrically connected to each dual-color LED indicator light 3. The indicator light driving circuit 11 is a serial-to-parallel driving chip. The red light of the dual-color LED indicator light 3 corresponds to the device being closed / with voltage, and the green light corresponds to the device being open / without voltage.

[0056] In this embodiment, the operating status display section consists of dual-color LED indicator lights 3 and indicator light driving circuit 11. The dual-color LED indicator lights 3 include bus voltage indicator lights, circuit breaker status indicator lights, and disconnector status indicator lights, which are respectively soldered above the silkscreen patterns of bus 1, circuit breaker 4, and disconnector 2. The indicator light driving circuit 11 is a serial-to-parallel conversion driving chip and is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board 15. The equipment status control signal generated by the microprocessor 12 is transmitted to the indicator light driving circuit 11. The driving circuit converts the serial signal into a parallel signal and then drives the corresponding dual-color LED indicator lights 3 to turn on and off. A red light indicates that the equipment is closed or has voltage, and a green light indicates that the equipment is open or has no voltage. The serial-to-parallel conversion driving method simplifies circuit design and reduces costs. The precise correspondence between the LED indicator lights and the equipment silkscreen patterns makes the status changes clear at a glance, significantly improving the intuitiveness of training.

[0057] In some embodiments, the touch screen 9 is a rectangular touch screen embedded in the center of the front of the printed circuit board 15. The signal input terminal of the touch screen 9 is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor 12, and the signal output terminal of the touch screen 9 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor 12. It is used to receive operation commands and display equipment operating parameters, fault types, and relay protection action information.

[0058] In this embodiment, the touch screen 9 is embedded in the center of the front side of the printed circuit board 15. Its signal input terminal is connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor 12, and its signal output terminal is connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor 12. The operator inputs operation commands through the touch screen 9. The commands are transmitted to the microprocessor 12 to trigger the corresponding function. The microprocessor 12 then feeds back the equipment operating parameters, fault types, and relay protection action information to the touch screen 9 for display. The embedded design ensures a compact structure, and the bidirectional signal connection enables efficient human-machine interaction, avoiding the problems of complex operation and incomplete information display in traditional equipment. This allows fault setting, status viewing, and action understanding to be carried out simultaneously during training, improving learning efficiency.

[0059] In some embodiments, the power supply section 14 includes a lithium battery, a charging management circuit, and a voltage conversion circuit. The lithium battery is fixed to the edge area of ​​the back side of the printed circuit board 15. The charging management circuit and the voltage conversion circuit are both fixed to the back side of the printed circuit board 15 and electrically connected to the lithium battery. The output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor 12, the storage element 13, the signal acquisition circuit 10, the indicator light driving circuit 11, and the touch display screen 9, respectively, providing two operating voltages: 3.3V and 5V. The charging management circuit is provided with a USB-C charging interface, which is embedded in the side of the printed circuit board 15.

[0060] In this embodiment, the power supply section 14 includes a lithium battery, a charging management circuit, and a voltage conversion circuit. The lithium battery is fixed to the edge area of ​​the back of the printed circuit board 15. The charging management circuit and the voltage conversion circuit are both fixed to the back and connected to the lithium battery. The voltage conversion circuit outputs two operating voltages: 3.3V and 5V. The charging management circuit is equipped with a USB-C charging port embedded in the side of the printed circuit board 15. The lithium battery provides the initial power supply for the entire system. After being adapted by the voltage conversion circuit, it powers the microprocessor 12, storage element 13, signal acquisition circuit 10, indicator light driver circuit 11, and touch display screen 9. When the battery is low, it can be conveniently charged via the USB-C charging port. The dual voltage output meets the power supply requirements of different modules. The combination of the lithium battery and the USB-C port ensures that the device can be used for a long time even without a fixed power supply, perfectly adapting to diverse scenarios such as on-site training and self-study.

[0061] In some embodiments, the microprocessor 12 is a single-chip microcomputer. The microprocessor 12 is electrically connected to the storage element 13, the touch screen 9, the signal acquisition circuit 10, and the indicator light driving circuit 11, respectively. The microprocessor 12 has a built-in fault logic judgment program, which is used to generate corresponding equipment status control signals and protection action information based on the operating status acquisition signals and fault setting signals.

[0062] In this embodiment, the microprocessor 12 uses an ARM Cortex-M series microcontroller, but it can also be a 51 or AVR series microcontroller, etc. The I2C interface of the microprocessor 12 is connected to the storage element 13, the UART interface of the microprocessor 12 is connected to the touch display screen 9, and the GPIO interface of the microprocessor 12 is connected to the output of the signal acquisition circuit 10 and the input of the indicator light driver circuit 11, respectively. It has a built-in fault logic judgment program. The operating status signal and fault setting signal transmitted by the signal acquisition circuit 10 enter the microprocessor 12 through the GPIO interface. The microprocessor 12 calls the data stored in the storage element 13, performs logical operations through the built-in program, generates corresponding equipment status control signals and relay protection action information, and then transmits them to the indicator light driver circuit 11 and the touch display screen 9 through the corresponding interfaces. The high-performance microcontroller ensures processing speed and accuracy, the multi-interface design enables stable connection with various modules, the built-in program supports software upgrades, and it can be expanded to include more fault scenarios and demonstration functions, improving the applicability of the equipment.

[0063] In some embodiments, the storage element 13 is a non-volatile Flash memory chip, which is fixedly installed on the back of the printed circuit board 15 near the microprocessor 12, and is used to store substation primary system parameters, equipment operating status data, fault type data, and relay protection action logic data.

[0064] In this embodiment, the storage element 13 is a non-volatile Flash memory chip, fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board 15 near the microprocessor 12. It stores substation primary system parameters, equipment operating status data, fault type data, and relay protection action logic data. During equipment operation, the microprocessor 12 can quickly read preset data from the storage element 13 for fault logic judgment and protection action information generation. New data generated during training can also be stored in real time, supporting subsequent review and analysis. The non-volatile nature ensures data is not lost after power failure, the proximity to the microprocessor 12 shortens data transmission distance and improves response speed, and the large capacity of the Flash chip allows for the storage of rich fault scenarios and parameter data, providing support for full-scenario training.

[0065] In some embodiments, a flame-retardant ABS shell 16 is also included. The flame-retardant ABS shell 16 encloses the printed circuit board 15. The front of the flame-retardant ABS shell 16 has a rectangular window adapted to the touch display screen 9, light-transmitting holes corresponding to each of the dual-color LED indicator lights 3, and operating holes adapted to each operating status acquisition switch 7 and fault setting switch 8. The back of the flame-retardant ABS shell 16 has battery heat dissipation holes, and the side has interface holes corresponding to the USB-C charging port. The printed circuit board 15 is fixedly connected to the flame-retardant ABS shell 16 by four fastening screws. The flame-retardant ABS shell 16 is made of transparent material for easy observation. The flame-retardant ABS shell 16 can be detachably enclosing the printed circuit board 15 and can still be used after removal.

[0066] In this embodiment, a flame-retardant ABS shell 16 encloses the printed circuit board 15. Its front side features a rectangular window adapted to the touchscreen display 9, light-transmitting holes corresponding to each of the dual-color LED indicator lights 3, and operating holes adapted to each operating status acquisition switch 7 and fault setting switch 8. The back side has battery heat dissipation holes, and the side side has interface holes corresponding to the USB-C charging port. The printed circuit board 15 is fixed to the shell with four fastening screws. During equipment operation, the flame-retardant ABS shell 16 effectively protects the internal electronic components from impacts and dust. The front window ensures unobstructed operation and viewing of the touchscreen display 9, the light-transmitting holes ensure clear visibility of the dual-color LED indicator lights 3, the operating holes facilitate operation of the operating status acquisition switches 7 and fault setting switches 8, and the rear heat dissipation holes ensure the heat dissipation needs of the lithium battery during operation. The overall structure balances protection and operability, adapts to complex on-site environments, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0067] The following is a specific embodiment of this utility model:

[0068] This utility model's integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board has a core carrier of a printed circuit board 15 (PCB board). The front of the PCB board is silkscreened with a complete substation primary system diagram (including busbar 1, disconnector 2, circuit breaker 4, etc.). A touch screen 9 is embedded in the center of the front. The operating status acquisition switch 7 and fault setting switch 8 are installed on the side of the silkscreened diagram. A dual-color LED indicator 3 is soldered above the silkscreened diagram. The back of the printed circuit board 15 is divided into functional areas and has a microprocessor 12, storage element 13, signal acquisition circuit 10, indicator light drive circuit 11, and power supply section 14. Each module is electrically connected through the copper foil lines of the printed circuit board 15. The outside is wrapped with a flame-retardant ABS shell 16 for protection. The lithium battery in the power supply section 14 provides initial power, and the charging management circuit manages the charging. A voltage conversion circuit outputs 3.3V and 5V voltages, respectively supplying power to the microprocessor 12 (3.3V), the touch screen 9 (5V), the signal acquisition circuit 10 (3.3V), and the indicator light driver circuit 11 (5V). A USB-C charging interface is embedded on the side of the printed circuit board 15 for charging the lithium battery. The operating status acquisition switches 7 include a bus voltage status switch, a circuit breaker position switch, and a disconnector position switch; their on / off states correspond to the equipment operating status (closed is high level 1, open is low level 0). The fault setting switches 8 include a bus fault switch and a line fault switch; their on / off states correspond to fault simulation (closed is high level 1, open is low level 0). The status signals of each switch are converted by the signal acquisition circuit 10 (parallel-to-serial chip) and transmitted to the microprocessor 12 via the GPIO interface. The microprocessor 12 has a built-in fault logic judgment program. After receiving the serial data transmitted by the signal acquisition circuit 10, it performs calculations and judgments based on the primary system parameters and protection action logic data stored in the storage element 13, generating equipment status control signals and relay protection action information. On the one hand, the protection action information is sent to the touch screen 9 for display via the UART interface; on the other hand, the equipment status control signal is sent to the indicator light driver circuit 11 (serial-to-parallel chip) via the GPIO interface, driving the corresponding dual-color LED indicator 3 to turn on and off (red light indicates closed / voltage present, green light indicates open / no voltage present). The storage element 13 uses a Flash memory chip, which is connected to the microprocessor 12 via an I2C interface. It is used to store substation primary system topology parameters, protection action logic corresponding to various equipment faults, historical operating data, etc., and supports permanent data storage and software upgrades. The rectangular window on the front of the flame-retardant ABS shell 16 exposes the touch screen 9, and the light-transmitting holes correspond to the dual-color LED indicator 3 to ensure light transmission. The operation holes facilitate the operation of the running status acquisition switch 7 and the fault setting switch 8. The heat dissipation holes on the back are used for lithium battery heat dissipation, and the side interface holes expose the USB-C charging port. The overall structure takes into account both protection and operability.In practical use, the operator sets the initial operating status of the equipment (such as circuit breaker closed, busbar with voltage) through the operating status acquisition switch 7, and sets the target fault (such as line fault) through the fault setting switch 8. The microprocessor 12 collects the above input signals in real time, and drives the dual-color LED indicator 3 to change after logical judgment (such as the circuit breaker corresponding to the faulty line tripping, its dual-color LED indicator 3 changing from red to green). At the same time, the touch screen 9 displays the fault type (line fault) and relay protection action information (such as line protection tripping), realizing a complete demonstration of the accident process.

[0069] The modules of this utility model have clear connections and reasonable layout. It achieves portability through integrated design, enhances training effectiveness through full-scenario fault setting and intuitive visualization output, and is low-cost, stable and reliable, fully meeting the training needs of the power industry.

[0070] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated portable demonstration and teaching board for substation electrical equipment accidents, characterized in that, include: Printed circuit board (15), the printed circuit board (15) is an integrated carrier, and the front and back of the printed circuit board (15) are divided into functional zones. The microprocessor (12) is fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board (15); The storage element (13) is fixedly mounted on the back of the printed circuit board (15) and connected to the microprocessor (12) via signals; The operation status acquisition section is fixed on the front of the printed circuit board (15) and electrically connected to the microprocessor (12) for acquiring substation equipment operation status signals; The fault setting section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board (15) and electrically connected to the microprocessor (12) for inputting device fault simulation signals; The operation status display section is fixed to the front of the printed circuit board (15) and electrically connected to the microprocessor (12) for outputting device operation status indication signals; the touch screen (9) is embedded and fixed to the front of the printed circuit board (15) and bidirectionally connected to the microprocessor (12) for human-machine interaction and display of protection action information. The power supply section (14) is fixed to the back of the printed circuit board (15) and electrically connected to the microprocessor (12), storage element (13), operating status acquisition section, fault setting section, operating status display section and touch screen (9) respectively, for providing working power; The microprocessor (12), storage element (13), and power supply (14) are integrated on the back of the printed circuit board (15), while the operating status acquisition part, fault setting part, operating status display part, and touch screen (9) are integrated on the front of the printed circuit board (15), forming an integrated portable structure.

2. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The printed circuit board (15) has a complete primary system diagram of the substation printed on its front side. The primary system diagram of the substation includes the printed graphics of the bus (1), disconnector (2), circuit breaker (4), current transformer (5), voltage transformer (6), transformer, and line. The operation status acquisition part, fault setting part, and operation status display part are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the printed graphics.

3. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operation status acquisition section includes several operation status acquisition switches (7) and signal acquisition circuit (10). The operation status acquisition switches (7) include bus voltage status switches, circuit breaker position switches, and disconnector position switches, which are respectively installed on the side of the silkscreen graphics of the bus (1), circuit breaker (4), and disconnector (2) on the front of the printed circuit board (15). The signal acquisition circuit (10) is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board (15). Its input terminal is electrically connected to each operation status acquisition switch (7), and its output terminal is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor (12). The signal acquisition circuit (10) is a parallel-to-serial data acquisition chip.

4. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fault setting section includes several fault setting switches (8), including bus fault switches, line fault switches, transformer fault switches, circuit breaker fault switches, and disconnector fault switches, which are respectively installed on the side of the silkscreened graphics of the bus (1), line, transformer, circuit breaker (4), and disconnector (2) on the front of the printed circuit board (15). The output terminal of each fault setting switch (8) is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal acquisition circuit (10).

5. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 3, characterized in that, The operating status display section includes several dual-color LED indicator lights (3) and indicator light driving circuit (11). The dual-color LED indicator lights (3) include bus voltage indicator lights, circuit breaker status indicator lights, and disconnector status indicator lights, which are respectively soldered to the front of the printed circuit board (15) above the silkscreen graphics of the bus (1), circuit breaker (4), and disconnector (2). The indicator light driving circuit (11) is fixed on the back of the printed circuit board (15). Its input terminal is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor (12), and its output terminal is electrically connected to each dual-color LED indicator light (3). The indicator light driving circuit (11) is a serial-to-parallel driving chip. The red light of the dual-color LED indicator light (3) corresponds to the device being closed / with voltage, and the green light corresponds to the device being open / without voltage.

6. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The touch screen (9) is a rectangular touch screen embedded in the center of the front of the printed circuit board (15). The signal input terminal of the touch screen (9) is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microprocessor (12), and the signal output terminal of the touch screen (9) is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the microprocessor (12). It is used to receive operation instructions and display equipment operating parameters, fault types, and relay protection action information.

7. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply section (14) includes a lithium battery, a charging management circuit, and a voltage conversion circuit. The lithium battery is fixed to the back edge area of ​​the printed circuit board (15). The charging management circuit and the voltage conversion circuit are both fixed to the back of the printed circuit board (15) and electrically connected to the lithium battery. The output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor (12), the storage element (13), the signal acquisition circuit (10), the indicator light driving circuit (11), and the touch screen (9), respectively, providing two working voltages: 3.3V and 5V. The charging management circuit is equipped with a USB-C charging interface, which is embedded in the side of the printed circuit board (15).

8. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 5, characterized in that, The microprocessor (12) is a single-chip microcomputer. The microprocessor (12) is electrically connected to the storage element (13), the touch screen (9), the signal acquisition circuit (10), and the indicator light driving circuit (11), respectively. The microprocessor (12) has a built-in accident logic judgment program, which is used to generate corresponding equipment status control signals and protection action information based on the operating status acquisition signals and fault setting signals.

9. The integrated portable substation electrical equipment accident demonstration and teaching board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage element (13) is a non-volatile Flash memory chip, which is fixedly installed on the back of the printed circuit board (15) near the microprocessor (12) and is used to store substation primary system parameters, equipment operating status data, fault type data, and relay protection action logic data.

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