Transformer and wind turbine generator system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of transformer and wind turbine generator unit, including shell, the body of being arranged in shell, accommodate in the phase change coolant of shell and multiple insulating particles being arranged in cooling liquid, and wherein, the body includes iron core and coil being wound on iron core. By filling insulating particles in phase change coolant, the filling amount of cooling liquid can be reduced, especially large capacity transformer, so as to reduce the manufacturing cost of transformer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind power generation, specifically to a transformer and a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of wind turbine generators, transformers operate at high temperatures, directly impacting equipment lifespan and reliability. To control transformer temperature, traditional transformers commonly employ oil-immersed cooling, filling the transformer casing with mineral oil or synthetic grease-based insulating oil, transferring heat to heat sinks through natural convection or forced circulation. However, this approach has significant limitations. First, cooling efficiency is insufficient; insulating oil primarily relies on sensible heat absorption, with a limited specific heat capacity, making it inefficient for handling instantaneous overloads or hotspot temperature rises. Second, at high temperatures, the oil may decompose, producing flammable gases, increasing internal pressure and posing a risk of combustion and explosion.

[0003] To improve cooling performance and operational safety, some transformers employ phase-change cooling technology, which uses low-boiling-point fluorinated liquid instead of insulating oil. When heated, the fluorinated liquid vaporizes and absorbs latent heat, absorbing 5-10 times more heat per unit volume than oil. The vapor liquefies and refluxes in the condenser, forming a two-phase cycle that significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency. However, the unit price of fluorinated liquid is high, 20-50 times that of traditional insulating oil, especially for large-capacity transformers, leading to a dramatic increase in manufacturing costs. Therefore, reducing the manufacturing cost of transformers is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this application is to provide a transformer and a wind turbine generator set to reduce the manufacturing cost of the transformer.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a transformer, which includes a housing, a core disposed in the housing, a phase change coolant contained in the housing, and a plurality of insulating particles filled in the coolant, wherein the core includes an iron core and coils wound on the iron core.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the plurality of insulating particles have at least two different sizes of insulating particles.

[0007] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the density of the insulating particles is greater than the density of the phase change coolant.

[0008] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the transformer further includes at least one flexible insulating mesh, each flexible insulating mesh containing a plurality of insulating particles, the flexible insulating mesh being made of insulating material; or, the transformer further includes a barrier mesh, at least a portion of which is disposed at the gap between coils and / or at the gap between the core and the coils.

[0009] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the average density of all insulating particles in the flexible insulating mesh is greater than the density of the phase change coolant.

[0010] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a portion of the plurality of insulating particles has a density greater than that of the other insulating particles.

[0011] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, insulating particles are freely filled in the coolant, and the size of the insulating particles is larger than the gap between the coils and the gap between the core and the coil.

[0012] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a plurality of insulating particles are disposed in a flexible insulating mesh bag, and the overall external dimensions of the plurality of insulating particles filling the flexible insulating mesh bag are larger than the gap between the coils and the gap between the iron core and the coils.

[0013] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the insulating particles are shaped as at least one of spherical, cylindrical, elliptical, and cubic shapes; and / or, the insulating particles are made of one or more of the following materials: ceramic, epoxy plastic, rubber, glass, or polypropylene; and / or, the phase change coolant is a fluorinated liquid with a boiling point of 45-80 degrees Celsius; and / or, the size of the insulating particles is 3 cm to 10 cm; and / or, the volume of the insulating particles accounts for 50%-80% of the total volume of the insulating particles and the coolant.

[0014] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the filling rate of insulating particles at the bottom of the device body, the filling rate at the side of the device body, and the filling rate at the top of the device body decrease sequentially.

[0015] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, insulating particles are filled in the bottom and / or corners and / or the outer periphery of the housing.

[0016] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the insulating particles have a preset surface roughness Ra, which includes a range of 1.6 μm to 20 μm; or, multiple insulating particles have different surface roughnesses, the surface roughness of the insulating particles filled in the relatively low temperature region is greater than the surface roughness of the insulating particles filled in the relatively high temperature region, and / or, the surface roughness of the insulating particles filled at the bottom of the shell is greater than the surface roughness of the insulating particles filled in the middle and upper parts of the shell.

[0017] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the transformer further includes a condenser disposed in the housing and located above the transformer body.

[0018] Another embodiment of this application provides a wind turbine generator set including the aforementioned transformer.

[0019] According to the transformer and wind turbine generator provided in this application, by filling the phase change coolant of the transformer with multiple insulating particles, the amount of coolant required is reduced, especially for large-capacity transformers, thereby lowering the manufacturing cost of the transformer. By using insulating particles of different sizes, it is possible not only to adapt to different spatial characteristics, but also to fill the gaps between larger insulating particles with smaller insulating particles, thereby improving the filling rate of insulating particles. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other objects and features of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer according to this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another type of transformer in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one arrangement order of the insulating particles in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of insulating particles in this application.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers: 10. Transformer; 11. Shell; 12. Core; 13. Phase change coolant; 14. Condenser; 20. Flexible insulating mesh bag; 30. Insulating particles; 31. First insulating particles; 32. Second insulating particles; 33. Third insulating particles. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following detailed embodiments are provided to aid the reader in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but may be changed as will become clear upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Furthermore, for clarity and conciseness, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0023] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein are provided only to illustrate some of the many feasible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein, which will become clear upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0024] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0025] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or part from another. Thus, without departing from the teaching of the examples described herein, the first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first part referred to as the first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first part may also be referred to as the second component, second assembly, second region, second layer, or second part.

[0026] In the specification, when an element such as a layer, region, or substrate is described as being "on" another element, "connected to," or "bonded to" another element, the element may be directly "on" another element, directly "connected to," or "bonded to" the other element, or one or more other elements may be present in between. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly on" another element, "directly connected to," or "directly bonded to" another element, no other elements may be present in between.

[0027] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof. The term “a plurality” represents any quantity of two or more.

[0028] The directional terms “above,” “below,” “top,” and “bottom” used in this application, unless otherwise specified, are based on the orientation of the product when it is in normal use.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains upon understanding this application. Unless expressly defined herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant field and in this application, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalistic manner.

[0030] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application, the embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transformer in this application.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the transformer 10 according to an embodiment of this application includes a housing 11, a core 12 disposed in the housing 11, a phase change coolant 13 contained in the housing 11, and a plurality of insulating particles 30 disposed in the phase change coolant 13. The core 12 includes an iron core and coils wound on the iron core, constituting the core component of the transformer 10 and also the main heat-generating component of the transformer 10.

[0032] According to an embodiment of this application, the insulating particles 30 are made of insulating material, and the phase change coolant 13 is a fluorinated liquid. By setting multiple insulating particles 30 in the fluorinated liquid, the amount of phase change coolant 13 used can be significantly reduced when the transformer body 12 is submerged, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the transformer 10.

[0033] By filling the insulating particles 30, not only can the amount of coolant used be reduced, but the boiling of the liquid can also be accelerated simultaneously. Furthermore, the flow of bubbles within the particle gaps intensifies micro-convection, enhances the disturbance of the thermal boundary layer, and improves heat transfer efficiency. The surface of the insulating particles 30 can be roughened, which is more conducive to bubble shedding and promotes earlier and more uniform boiling. In some embodiments, the surface roughness Ra of the insulating particles 30 can be set to a surface roughness in the range of 1.6 μm to 20 μm.

[0034] The transformer 10 provided in this application forms a mixed medium with insulating particles 30 and phase change coolant 13. While maintaining the efficient heat dissipation capacity of phase change cooling to the transformer body 12, it can also reduce the amount of fluorinated liquid by 50%–80%, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of the transformer 10.

[0035] According to an embodiment of this application, a plurality of insulating particles 30 filled in the phase change coolant 13 can be filled between the body 12 and the housing 11. Therefore, to facilitate the filling of different spaces by the plurality of insulating particles 30, the size of the insulating particles 30 can be set to at least two different sizes. According to an embodiment of this application, when the plurality of insulating particles 30 are freely filled and immersed in the coolant, the size of the insulating particles 30 is larger than the gap between the coils and the gap between the core and the coil, to prevent the insulating particles 30 from getting stuck in the gap between the coils or the gap between the core and the coil, causing blockage, which would obstruct the flow of the phase change coolant 13, form a local overheating area, and reduce heat dissipation efficiency. Preferably, two different sizes of insulating particles 30 can be filled in the phase change coolant 13, or at least three different sizes of insulating particles 30 can be filled in the phase change coolant 13.

[0036] According to embodiments of this application, the size of the insulating particles 30 is 3 cm to 10 cm. If the size of the insulating particles 30 is greater than 3 cm, on the one hand, smaller diameter insulating particles 30 are prone to clogging the coil; on the other hand, the airflow microchannels formed between multiple smaller diameter insulating particles 30 are too narrow, severely affecting the circulation of the phase change coolant 13 and significantly reducing the cooling efficiency of the transformer 10. If the size of the insulating particles 30 is less than 10 cm, the problem of larger diameter insulating particles 30 being difficult to stack together along their surfaces and occupying a large space can be avoided. It also avoids the problem of large diameter particles being difficult to squeeze into the smaller local spaces of the transformer 10, resulting in a low filling rate.

[0037] As an example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the insulating particles 30 provided in this application have three different sizes, namely 8 cm, 5 cm and 3 cm in diameter, which are referred to below as the first insulating particle 31, the second insulating particle 32 and the third insulating particle 33, respectively.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first insulating particle 31 and the second insulating particle 32.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the first insulating particles 31 are stacked one on top of the other, and the second insulating particles 32 are located between adjacent first insulating particles 31 to fill the gaps between them. A microchannel for airflow is formed between the multiple insulating particles 30, and the vaporized phase change coolant 13 moves upward through the microchannel to the condenser 14.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the first insulating particle 31, the second insulating particle 32, and the third insulating particle 33. (See diagram below.) Figure 4 As shown, with Figure 3 The difference is that it also includes a third insulating particle 33, which is located in the gap between the first insulating particle 31 and the second insulating particle 32, so as to further fill the gap between the first insulating particle 31 and the second insulating particle 32 and improve the filling rate of the insulating particle 30.

[0041] Insulating particles 30 can hinder the upward path of bubbles to some extent; therefore, the filling ratio of insulating particles 30 needs to be controlled. According to embodiments of this application, the insulating particles 30 and phase change coolant 13 form a mixed medium in which the volume of insulating particles 30 accounts for 50%-80% of the total volume of the insulating particles 30 and phase change coolant 13 (i.e., the volume of the mixed medium). With this setting, if the proportion of insulating particles 30 is less than 50%, the effect of reducing the amount of fluorinated liquid filling will be insufficient; if the proportion of insulating particles 30 is greater than 80%, the excessively high proportion will hinder the flow of phase change coolant 13. Therefore, when the proportion of insulating particles 30 is between 50% and 80%, the amount of fluorinated liquid used can be reduced while maintaining heat dissipation efficiency.

[0042] According to embodiments of this application, the shape of the insulating particles 30 can be at least one of spherical, cylindrical, elliptical, and cubic.

[0043] As an example, the insulating particles 30 are spherical in shape. Since the spherical insulating particles 30 have no sharp edges, collisions are reduced. Furthermore, the symmetrical shape of the spheres allows for uniform stress distribution on the surface of the spherical insulating particles 30, preventing stress concentration from affecting their service life. Therefore, the spherical insulating particles 30 can promote cooling circulation, facilitate the long-term stability of the transformer 10, further reduce operating costs, and extend the service life of the insulating particles 30.

[0044] According to embodiments of this application, the surface roughness of the plurality of insulating particles 30 may be different, and they are respectively filled in different regions of the housing 11. The surface roughness of the insulating particles 30 is adaptively adjusted for different regions.

[0045] According to embodiments of this application, insulating particles 30 with higher roughness are provided in low-temperature regions (e.g., the bottom of the housing 11). Here, there are fewer bubbles, and the rough surface has little impact on flow, thus enhancing thermal conductivity. In relatively high-temperature regions (e.g., the middle and / or upper part of the housing 11), insulating particles 30 with relatively lower roughness are filled, making it easier for bubbles to detach, minimizing bubble rise resistance, and preventing bubble blockage. Furthermore, insulating particles 30 with lower roughness can also be provided in bubble rise channels, for example, above the coil or in the upper region of the outer periphery of the body 12. According to embodiments of this application, by implementing a zoned design and filling different regions with insulating particles 30 of different roughness, heat dissipation efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0046] According to embodiments of this application, the insulating particles 30 can be made of at least one of ceramics, epoxy plastics, rubber, glass, and polypropylene. Ceramics offer high temperature resistance and strong insulation; epoxy plastics have good mechanical strength and impact resistance; rubber provides elastic cushioning, reducing the amount of phase change coolant 13 used and improving heat dissipation while protecting the windings and core of the transformer body 12 from vibration damage; glass has lower cost and higher density, making it easier to sink in the phase change coolant 13; and polypropylene is more resistant to corrosion by fluorinated liquids and has a lower cost. Users can choose at least one material to form the desired insulating particles 30, taking advantage of the advantages of the above materials according to actual needs.

[0047] Since the phase change coolant 13 of transformer 10 is a fluorinated liquid, and the boiling point of the fluorinated liquid at normal pressure is 45-80 degrees, a fluorinated liquid with a different boiling point that is compatible with the operating temperature of transformer 10 can be selected according to the actual situation, so that the fluorinated liquid can efficiently boil and vaporize to absorb heat in hot spots (such as the iron core or coil of transformer body 12).

[0048] Based on the above, as an example, taking into account the boiling point of the phase change coolant 13 and the electrical properties, heat transfer properties, chemical stability, non-toxicity, non-flammability, mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the insulating material, the insulating particles 30 of this application are made of polypropylene or ceramic materials.

[0049] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this application, in order for the insulating particles 30 to sink and be located in the phase change coolant 13, the density of the insulating particles 30 should be greater than the density of the phase change coolant 13. By setting the density of the insulating particles 30 to be greater than the density of the phase change coolant 13, on the one hand, it can be prevented that the insulating particles 30 will shift due to airflow, and on the other hand, it can also be prevented that the insulating particles 30 float up and accumulate in large quantities near the liquid surface of the phase change coolant 13 along the gas rising path, thus affecting the cooling cycle efficiency.

[0050] According to embodiments of this application, insulating particles 30 are layered and filled in the housing 11. The bottom and corner areas of the housing 11 have lower temperatures; for example, the bottom of the body 12 is mainly liquid, resulting in fewer bubbles. Filling these areas with insulating particles 30 has minimal impact on bubble rise and allows the heat capacity of the insulating particles 30 to absorb some heat. Therefore, the bottom and corner areas of the housing 11, or the bottom of the body 12, have a higher filling rate of insulating particles 30. The filling rate of the horizontal areas on the sides of the coil and core (i.e., the side areas of the body 12) is relatively lower than that of the bottom of the housing 11 or body 12. The top area of ​​the body 12 has the lowest filling rate or is not filled at all. Since the coil and core are the main heat sources, a large number of bubbles are generated around the windings and core. Therefore, the top of the body 12 has a lower filling rate or is not filled at all to allow for a vertical channel for bubble rise, enabling the bubbles to reach the top condensation area.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the transformer 10 also includes a barrier mesh disposed at the gap between the coils. When there is a gap between the core and the coils, the barrier mesh is also disposed at the gap between the core and the coils. By setting the barrier mesh, insulating particles 30 in the transformer 10 are prevented from entering the aforementioned gap, thus affecting the cooling efficiency of the transformer 10. In addition, the specific form of the barrier mesh is not limited. For example, when the transformer body 12 includes three sets of core coil units, the barrier mesh can be disposed entirely on the outside of the three sets of core coil units, or it can be disposed separately on the outside of each core coil unit. Of course, it can also be a barrier mesh that only covers the aforementioned gap, as long as at least a portion of the barrier mesh is disposed at the aforementioned gap, no specific limitation is made here.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the transformer 10 may further include at least one flexible insulating mesh bag 20, each flexible insulating mesh bag 20 holding multiple of the aforementioned insulating particles 30. By providing the flexible insulating mesh bag 20, the position of the insulating particles 30 can be easily fixed, preventing the insulating particles 30 from moving freely in the coolant and causing blockage of the heat dissipation channel, ensuring effective contact and high convective heat transfer efficiency between the coolant and the heating surfaces of the coil and the iron core, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0053] By setting up the flexible insulating mesh bag 20, multiple insulating particles 30 can be divided into filling modules of different sizes to adaptively fill spaces according to their size and shape. For example, because the flexible insulating mesh bag 20 is flexible, its shape and size can be changed according to the required number of insulating particles 30 and the actual space, thus better filling irregular spaces. On the other hand, by setting up the flexible insulating mesh bag 20, insulating particles 30 of various sizes can be tightly packed together. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this allows for the use of small-sized insulating particles 30 to fill the gaps between larger insulating particles 30, thereby increasing the filling rate of the insulating particles 30.

[0054] Furthermore, by designing the mesh size of the flexible insulating net bag 20, the size of the insulating particles 30 can be designed more flexibly. Compared with placing individual insulating particles 30 freely in the coolant, the size of the insulating particles 30 can be designed to be smaller, which is more conducive to improving the filling rate.

[0055] According to an embodiment of this application, the overall dimensions of the plurality of insulating particles 30 filling the flexible insulating mesh 20 are larger than the gaps between the coils and the gaps between the core and the coils. Since the gaps between the coils and the gaps between the core and the coils are critical heat dissipation channels for coolant flow, it is important to avoid the insulating particles 30 blocking these flow channels as much as possible.

[0056] According to embodiments of this application, the flexible insulating net 20 is made of an insulating material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), or polyimide (PI), or other materials, as long as they are insulating materials that can exist stably in the fluorinated liquid. Since the flexible insulating net 20, composed of insulating material, is not conductive, it can avoid additional short-circuit risks.

[0057] In addition, the flexible insulating net bag 20 is provided with multiple mesh holes. The size of the mesh holes should be smaller than the minimum size of the insulating particles 30 so as to be able to hold the insulating particles 30 and prevent the insulating particles 30 from falling out of the mesh holes of the flexible insulating net bag 20, which would make it difficult to replace and maintain the insulating particles 30 in the future.

[0058] Furthermore, to fix the position of the flexible insulating net bag 20 and prevent it from moving back and forth in the phase change coolant 13 and damaging the reactor body 12, fasteners are provided on the flexible insulating net bag 20 for connecting it to the housing 11 or the reactor body 12. These fasteners include ropes, binding straps, adhesives, or magnetic attachments, as long as they can restrict the position of the flexible insulating net bag 20. Fixing the position of the flexible insulating net bag 20 facilitates its adjustment to the desired location. Moreover, during subsequent replacement and maintenance, the entire flexible insulating net bag 20 can be removed and installed simultaneously with the removal and installation of the fasteners.

[0059] In one embodiment of this application, the average density of all insulating particles 30 in each flexible insulating mesh 20 is greater than the density of the phase change coolant 13. This arrangement ensures that the flexible insulating mesh 20 sinks entirely into the phase change coolant 13, preventing the flexible insulating mesh 20 from floating up or from being carried to the surface of the phase change coolant 13 by thermal convection, thus avoiding any impact on the cooling cycle.

[0060] Furthermore, based on the above, the density of the insulating particles 30 in each flexible insulating net bag 20 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the density of multiple insulating particles 30 in the flexible insulating net bag 20 is different, and the density of some of the multiple insulating particles 30 is greater than the density of other insulating particles 30.

[0061] Optionally, the smaller-sized third insulating particles 33 can be set to a high density, while the densities of the second insulating particles 32 and the first insulating particles 31 decrease sequentially. By adjusting the number of the higher-density third insulating particles 33 and the second insulating particles 32, the overall density of the flexible insulating net 20 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the sinking speed and sinking position of the flexible insulating net 20. As an example, the density of insulating particles 30 is 1.15-1.2 times that of the coolant.

[0062] The transformer 10 according to an embodiment of this application may further include a condenser 14 for condensing the coolant after vaporization and heat absorption phase change into a liquid. (See attached...) Figure 1 In the example shown, the condenser 14 is disposed within the housing 11 and located above the transformer body 12. The transformer body 12 includes an iron core and coils wound around the iron core. When the transformer 10 is operating normally, the iron core and coils generate heat due to energy loss. The phase change coolant 13 comes into direct contact with the heated surfaces of the iron core and coils, causing the temperature of the phase change coolant 13 to rise. When the saturated vapor pressure inside the transformer 10 is reached, the phase change coolant 13 boils and vaporizes. It then moves upward through the gas microchannels between multiple insulating particles 30 and continues to pass through the condenser 14 located above the transformer body 12. The gas is cooled into a liquid and returns to the phase change coolant 13 surrounding the transformer body 12 by gravity for the next cooling cycle. According to some embodiments of this application, the condenser 14 can also be disposed outside the housing 11. In this case, the vaporized coolant is transported to the external condenser 14 through pipes, condenses into a liquid, and then returns to the housing 11 for the next heat absorption cycle.

[0063] In addition, this application also provides a wind turbine generator set, including a nacelle, a tower, and the aforementioned transformer 10. The transformer 10 can be installed in the nacelle or the tower, and the transformer 10 incorporates all the aforementioned technical effects, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0064] While embodiments of this application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. It should be understood that, to those skilled in the art, these modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A transformer, characterized in that, The transformer (10) includes a housing (11), a core (12) disposed in the housing (11), a phase change coolant (13) contained in the housing (11), and a plurality of insulating particles (30) disposed in the phase change coolant (13), wherein the core (12) includes an iron core and a coil wound on the iron core.

2. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of insulating particles (30) include at least two different sizes of insulating particles (30).

3. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the insulating particles (30) is greater than the density of the phase change coolant (13).

4. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer (10) further includes at least one flexible insulating mesh (20), each of the flexible insulating mesh (20) holding a plurality of insulating particles (30); or, The transformer (10) further includes a barrier mesh, at least a portion of which is disposed at the gap between the coils and / or at the gap between the core and the coils.

5. The transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The average density of all insulating particles (30) in the flexible insulating net (20) is greater than the density of the phase change coolant (13).

6. The transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, A portion of the plurality of insulating particles (30) has a density greater than that of the other insulating particles (30).

7. The transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The insulating particles (30) are freely filled in the phase change coolant (13), and the size of the insulating particles (30) is larger than the gap between the coils and the gap between the iron core and the coils.

8. The transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple insulating particles (30) are disposed in the flexible insulating net (20), and the overall external dimensions of the multiple insulating particles (30) filling the flexible insulating net (20) are larger than the gap between the coils and the gap between the iron core and the coils.

9. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating particles (30) are at least one of the following shapes: spherical, cylindrical, elliptical, and cubic; and / or, The insulating particles (30) are made of one or more of the following materials: ceramic, epoxy plastic, rubber, glass, or polypropylene; and / or, The phase change coolant (13) is a fluorinated liquid, and the atmospheric pressure boiling point of the fluorinated liquid is 45-80 degrees Celsius, and / or, The insulating particles (30) are 3 cm to 10 cm in size; and / or, The volume of the insulating particles (30) accounts for 50%-80% of the total volume of the insulating particles (30) and the phase change coolant (13).

10. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling rate of the insulating particles (30) at the bottom of the body (12), the filling rate on the side of the body (12), and the filling rate above the body (12) decrease sequentially.

11. The transformer according to claim 10, characterized in that, The insulating particles (30) fill the bottom and / or corners of the housing (11) and / or the outer periphery of the body (12).

12. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating particles (30) have a preset surface roughness Ra, which includes a range of 1.6 μm to 20 μm; or, Multiple insulating particles (30) have different surface roughnesses, the surface roughness of the insulating particles (30) filled in the relatively low temperature region is greater than the surface roughness of the insulating particles (30) filled in the relatively high temperature region, and / or, the surface roughness of the insulating particles (30) filled at the bottom of the housing (11) is greater than the surface roughness of the insulating particles (30) filled in the middle and upper parts of the housing (11).

13. The transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer (10) also includes a condenser (14), which is disposed in the housing (11) and located above the body (12).

14. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set includes a transformer (10) as described in any one of claims 1-13.

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