Slip ring rotary switch and lightning protection device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522556064.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-02
AI Technical Summary
这些措施在工程上也能发挥一定的作用，但由于未在物理上切断与数据采集装置的电气连接，所以不能从根本上阻断雷电波，由电缆引入的雷电波在经过压敏电阻、电感器件等组成的防雷屏障后，虽然能较大程度上吸收掉瞬时能量，使雷电的电压、电流值大幅减小，但仍存在残余值，数值上仍大大超出普通集成芯片的耐电压、耐电流值，还是会造成数据采集装置的器件损坏，导致失效
[0030]通过设置转子轴、第一支撑柱、第二支撑柱、第一电刷片、第二电刷片，可以在转子轴按照预设角度转动时，使得第一电刷片和第二电刷片之间的电连接关系在接通和断开之间进行切换，以此实现对信号通道的彻底物理隔断，防雷效果显著增强。
Smart Images
Figure CN224922628U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lightning protection technology, and in particular to a slip ring rotary switch and lightning protection device. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing automation of geotechnical engineering, the application of various monitoring instruments is growing. These instruments are mostly installed in outdoor projects, typically connected to data acquisition devices via cables ranging from tens to thousands of meters in length. This signal transmission method is a typical application in automated geotechnical engineering measurement, and its use is widespread. However, the impact of lightning is an unavoidable reality. Currently, a common practice in engineering is to implement certain lightning protection measures at the input end of the data acquisition device, such as parallel varistors and series inductors, to prevent the damage caused by lightning surges intruding along the data line. These measures can play a certain role in engineering, but because they do not physically sever the electrical connection with the data acquisition device, they cannot fundamentally block lightning surges. Although lightning surges introduced by the cable can absorb a large amount of instantaneous energy after passing through the lightning protection barrier composed of varistors and inductors, significantly reducing the voltage and current values of the lightning, residual values still remain. These residual values still greatly exceed the voltage and current withstand values of ordinary integrated chips, and can still cause damage to the data acquisition device, leading to its failure.
[0003] Therefore, to address the incompleteness of traditional lightning protection designs, a technical solution with better lightning protection performance is needed. Utility Model Content
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a slip ring rotary switch and a lightning protection device.
[0005] This utility model provides a slip ring rotary switch, including a switch housing, a rotor shaft, a first support column, a second support column, a first brush plate, a second brush plate, an input terminal wire, and an output terminal wire;
[0006] The switch housing is sleeved on the rotor shaft, forming a receiving space between them;
[0007] The first end of each of the first support column and the second support column is respectively disposed on the switch housing and connected to the external space, and the second end of each of them is respectively fixedly connected to the first brush plate and the second brush plate in the accommodating space.
[0008] The input wire and the output wire pass through the interior of the first support column and the second support column, respectively, and are electrically connected to the first brush plate and the second brush plate;
[0009] The first brush plate and the second brush plate abut against the surface contact area of the rotor shaft under the support of the first support column and the second support column, respectively;
[0010] The surface contact area includes a conductive area and an insulating area;
[0011] When the rotor shaft rotates at a preset angle, the electrical connection between the first brush and the second brush switches between being on and off.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the rotor shaft is cylindrical;
[0013] The conductive region includes a first conductive region and a second conductive region;
[0014] The insulation region includes a first insulation region and a second insulation region;
[0015] The first conductive region, the first insulating region, the second conductive region, and the second insulating region are sequentially connected to form an annular contact area that surrounds the rotor shaft.
[0016] The first conductive region and the second conductive region are electrically connected.
[0017] In one possible implementation, the first support post, the second support post, the first brush plate, the second brush plate, the input terminal wire, the output terminal wire, and the annular contact area are combined to form a slip ring switch.
[0018] A plurality of slip ring switch plates are provided on the structure formed by the switch housing and the rotor shaft;
[0019] An annular insulating region is provided between two adjacent slip ring switch plates.
[0020] In one possible implementation, the first conductive region and the second conductive region are electrically connected by conductive spokes;
[0021] The conductive spokes pass radially through the rotor shaft.
[0022] In one possible implementation, the areas of the first conductive region, the first insulating region, the second conductive region, and the second insulating region are equal.
[0023] In one possible implementation, the containment space is filled with transformer oil.
[0024] In one possible implementation, a positioning sensor is provided at one end of the switch housing.
[0025] In one possible implementation, a fuse is connected in series on the input terminal wire.
[0026] In one possible implementation, at least one of a varistor, a solid-state discharge tube, and a gas discharge tube is electrically connected to the input terminal wire.
[0027] This utility model also provides a lightning protection device, including a drive motor and a slip ring rotary switch as described above;
[0028] The drive shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotor shaft in the slip ring rotary switch.
[0029] The technical solution provided by this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0030] By setting up a rotor shaft, a first support column, a second support column, a first brush plate, and a second brush plate, the electrical connection between the first brush plate and the second brush plate can be switched between on and off when the rotor shaft rotates at a preset angle, thereby achieving complete physical isolation of the signal channel and significantly enhancing the lightning protection effect. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a partial perspective structural diagram of a slip ring rotary switch provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a slip ring switch piece provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the slip ring switch piece provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor shaft provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0035] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a single-core wire connecting lightning protection components provided for an embodiment of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of a dual-core wire connection for lightning protection components provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a lightning protection device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0038] In the attached diagram, 10 is the switch housing; 11 is the rotor shaft; 12 is the first support column; 13 is the second support column; 14 is the first brush; 15 is the second brush; 16 is the input wire; 17 is the output wire; 18 is the conductive area; 19 is the insulating area; 100 is the slip ring rotary switch; 101 is the positioning sensor; 181 is the first conductive area; 182 is the second conductive area; 183 is the conductive spoke; 191 is the first insulating area; 192 is the second insulating area; 193 is the annular insulating area; and 200 is the drive motor. Detailed Implementation
[0039] To enhance understanding of this utility model, it will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain this utility model and do not limit the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides a slip ring rotary switch 100, including a switch housing 10, a rotor shaft 11, a first support column 12, a second support column 13, a first brush plate 14, a second brush plate 15, an input terminal wire 16, and an output terminal wire 17.
[0041] The switch housing 10 is sleeved on the rotor shaft 11, and a receiving space is formed between the two;
[0042] The first end of the first support column 12 and the second support column 13 are respectively disposed on the switch housing 10 and connected to the external space, and the second end of each is respectively fixedly connected to the first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15 in the accommodating space.
[0043] The input wire 16 and the output wire 17 pass through the interior of the first support column 12 and the second support column 13 respectively and are electrically connected to the first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15.
[0044] The first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15 abut against the surface contact area of the rotor shaft 11 under the support of the first support column 12 and the second support column 13, respectively.
[0045] The surface contact area includes a conductive area 18 and an insulating area 19;
[0046] When the rotor shaft 11 rotates at a preset angle, the electrical connection between the first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15 switches between being on and off.
[0047] In this embodiment, both the switch housing 10 and the rotor shaft 11 can be made of conventional insulating materials (such as ABS plastic). The rotor shaft 11 can be a one-piece design, with the conductive area 18 and the insulating area 19 rotating along with it. The first support column 12 and the second support column 13 can be hollow cylindrical designs, mainly serving as supports and for wire threading. The first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15 can be made of conventional conductive materials, such as copper, aluminum, or conductive alloys. The input wire 16 and the output wire 17 are made of conventional wires. The conductive area 18 can be coated with conventional conductive adhesive, and the insulating area 19 can be coated with conventional insulating adhesive. The conductive area 18 and the insulating area 19 together form an annular surface contact area. The conductive area 18 and the insulating area 19 can be designed as separate integral parts (e.g., Figure 2 At this point, the proportion of the conductive area 18 in the annular surface contact area is at least sufficient to simultaneously contact the first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15; alternatively, they can be designed in segments (e.g. Figure 3 Each of the two brush plates consists of multiple conductive sections and multiple insulating sections, with the conductive and insulating sections spaced apart, allowing simultaneous contact between the two conductive sections of the first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15 for electrical connection.
[0048] In one specific embodiment, the slip ring rotary switch 100 is fixed by the switch housing 10, and its rotor shaft 11 can be driven by a motor controlled by a data acquisition device. The slip ring rotary switch 100 is connected in series to the signal channel via an input wire 16 and an output wire 17. During the measurement period, the data acquisition device outputs a motor control signal to control the motor to drive the rotor shaft 11 of the slip ring rotary switch 100 to rotate a certain angle until the first brush 14 and the second brush 15 simultaneously contact the conductive area 18, ensuring physical connection between the input wire 16 on the signal input side and the output wire 17 on the signal output side. During non-measurement periods, the data acquisition device outputs a motor control signal to control the rotor shaft 11 of the slip ring rotary switch 100 to rotate a certain angle until at least one of the first brush 14 and the second brush 15 disengages from the conductive area 18, ensuring physical disconnection between the input wire 16 on the signal input side and the output wire 17 on the signal output side. The slip ring rotary switch 100 of this invention significantly enhances lightning protection by completely physically isolating the signal channel.
[0049] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 The rotor shaft 11 is cylindrical;
[0050] The conductive region 18 includes a first conductive region 181 and a second conductive region 182;
[0051] The insulating region 19 includes a first insulating region 191 and a second insulating region 192;
[0052] The first conductive area 181, the first insulating area 191, the second conductive area 182, and the second insulating area 192 are sequentially connected to form an annular contact area that surrounds the rotor shaft 11.
[0053] The first conductive region 181 and the second conductive region 182 are electrically connected.
[0054] In this embodiment, the annular contact area is wheel-shaped and can be divided into four regions: two sub-conductive regions (first conductive region 181 and second conductive region 182) and two sub-insulating regions (first insulating region 191 and second insulating region 192). The sub-insulating regions and sub-conductive regions are adjacent and alternately distributed. Sub-insulating regions with the same properties are symmetrical about the center of the annular contact area, and sub-conductive regions with the same properties are also symmetrical about the center of the annular contact area. The first brush plate 14 and the second brush plate 15 are also symmetrical about the center of the annular contact area.
[0055] In practical implementation, when the rotor shaft 11 drives the annular contact area to rotate, causing the conductive areas (first conductive area 181 and second conductive area 182) to contact the brush plates (first brush plate 14 and second brush plate 15), signal communication is achieved between the input terminal wire 16 and the output terminal wire 17 through conduction via the conductive areas and brush plates. When the rotor shaft 11 drives the annular contact area to rotate, causing the insulating areas (first insulating area 191 and second insulating area 192) to contact the brush plates (first brush plate 14 and second brush plate 15), and the conductive areas disengage from the brush plates, the signal communication condition between the input terminal wire 16 and the output terminal wire 17 is blocked due to the presence of an insulator, thus disconnecting the connection between the two.
[0056] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The first support column 12, the second support column 13, the first brush plate 14, the second brush plate 15, the input terminal wire 16, the output terminal wire 17, and the annular contact area combine to form a slip ring switch.
[0057] The structure formed by the switch housing 10 and the rotor shaft 11 is provided with a plurality of slip ring switch pieces;
[0058] An annular insulating region 193 is provided between two adjacent slip ring switch pieces.
[0059] In this embodiment, a single slip ring switch piece is structurally similar to the spoke structure of a bicycle. One slip ring switch piece can realize the signal switching function of one core wire. If n core wires need to realize synchronous signal switching, n slip ring switch pieces with the same structure can be stacked in a modular form. Here, n is a positive integer. In practical implementation, signal cables of geotechnical engineering instruments are mostly 5-core wires, and slip ring switch pieces can be designed in groups of 5.
[0060] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 The first conductive region 181 and the second conductive region 182 are electrically connected by conductive spokes 183;
[0061] The conductive spokes 183 pass radially through the rotor shaft 11.
[0062] In this embodiment, the conductive spokes 183 can be made of conventional conductive materials (such as copper). The conductive spokes 183 pass through the center of the circular cross-section of the rotor shaft 11, causing the conductive areas (the first conductive area 181 and the second conductive area 182) to be electrically short-circuited. When the rotor shaft 11 rotates, the conductive spokes 183, the first conductive area 181, and the second conductive area 182 rotate synchronously.
[0063] In one possible implementation, the areas of the first conductive region 181, the first insulating region 191, the second conductive region 182, and the second insulating region 192 are equal.
[0064] In this embodiment, the annular contact area is divided into four equal parts, and the first conductive area 181 and the second conductive area 182 are symmetrically distributed between each other, as are the first insulating area 191 and the second insulating area 192.
[0065] In one possible implementation, the containment space is filled with transformer oil.
[0066] In this embodiment, filling the containment space with transformer oil can effectively reduce wear between the sliding contacts, i.e., the brush plates (first brush plate 14 and second brush plate 15), and the surface contact area of the rotor shaft 11. At the same time, it can also enhance the arc extinguishing effect when dealing with primary lightning induction.
[0067] In one possible implementation, a positioning sensor 101 is provided at one end of the switch housing 10.
[0068] In this embodiment, a positioning sensor 101 is provided at one end of the switch housing 10. This effectively ensures the relative positional accuracy between the conductive areas of the slip ring (first conductive area 181 and second conductive area 182) and the brush plates (first brush plate 14 and second brush plate 15), ensuring reliable contact between the two in the "on" state and complete disengagement in the "off" state. To further increase the reliability of the positioning sensing function, a set of positioning sensors 101 can be installed on the drive end face of the slip ring rotary switch 100. One positioning sensor 101 is provided on each end face radially near the outer circle end, achieving mutual verification of positioning accuracy in a redundant manner. The positioning sensors 101 are excited by the data acquisition device, which also reads the real-time output information of the positioning sensors 101. The data acquisition device uses the output value of the positioning sensors 101 to control the motion of the motor. In practical implementation, the positioning sensor 101 can be implemented by pairing a permanent magnet block with a reed switch. For example, the permanent magnet block can be installed on the switch housing 10, and the reed switch can be installed on the rotor shaft 11 through a corresponding fixing structure; or the reed switch can be installed on the switch housing 10, and the permanent magnet block can be installed on the rotor shaft 11 through a corresponding fixing structure. The specific installation method of the positioning sensor 101 can be selected according to the actual implementation needs.
[0069] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 5 A fuse is connected in series on the input terminal wire 16.
[0070] In one possible implementation, the input terminal wire 16 is electrically connected to at least one of a varistor, a solid-state discharge tube, and a gas discharge tube.
[0071] In this embodiment, a conventional type of fuse, such as a fast recovery fuse, can be used. To minimize the destructive effects of lightning surges and residual voltages, components with fast response capabilities, such as gas discharge tubes, varistors, solid-state discharge tubes, and fast recovery fuses, can be used in a tiered manner to further enhance the lightning protection effect. Figure 5 In the diagram, the input side where the single-core wire is located is used to input signals, and the output side where the single-core wire is located is connected to the input terminal wire 16.
[0072] It should be noted that in actual implementation, the instrument core wire is generally multi-core, and the slip ring rotary switch 100 has several slip ring switch plates on the structure formed by the switch housing 10 and the rotor shaft 11. Based on the number of instrument core wires, they are generally grouped into sets of two. Figure 6 The dual-core lightning protection circuit shown is configured for pairing. If, in the end, there are still single-core wires that cannot be paired, then proceed as follows: Figure 5 The single-core wire lightning protection circuit shown is a treatment. Figure 6 In this configuration, the dual-core wire consists of core wire 1 and core wire 2. Its input side is used for input signals, and its output side is connected to two independent input terminal wires 16.
[0073] This utility model effectively solves the problem of destructive impact of induced lightning signals on various measuring instruments in outdoor engineering due to the introduction of long cables with a brand-new design concept, greatly improving the survival rate of measuring instruments, while ensuring the long-term reliable operation of data acquisition devices.
[0074] like Figure 7 The present invention also provides a lightning protection device, including a drive motor 200 and a slip ring rotary switch 100 as described above;
[0075] The drive shaft of the drive motor 200 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotor shaft 11 in the slip ring rotary switch 100.
[0076] In this embodiment, the drive motor 200 can be a conventional model, such as a stepper motor or a servo motor. The motion control of the drive motor 200 mainly realizes the control of the rotation angle of the rotor shaft 11, and the specific rotation angle is realized by the output value of the data acquisition device.
[0077] The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way. All technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A slip ring rotary switch, characterized in that, Includes switch housing, rotor shaft, first support column, second support column, first brush plate, second brush plate, input terminal wire, and output terminal wire; The switch housing is sleeved on the rotor shaft, forming a receiving space between them; The first end of each of the first support column and the second support column is respectively disposed on the switch housing and connected to the external space, and the second end of each of them is respectively fixedly connected to the first brush plate and the second brush plate in the accommodating space. The input wire and the output wire pass through the interior of the first support column and the second support column, respectively, and are electrically connected to the first brush plate and the second brush plate; The first brush plate and the second brush plate abut against the surface contact area of the rotor shaft under the support of the first support column and the second support column, respectively; The surface contact area includes a conductive area and an insulating area; When the rotor shaft rotates at a preset angle, the electrical connection between the first brush and the second brush switches between being on and off.
2. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor shaft is cylindrical; The conductive region includes a first conductive region and a second conductive region; The insulation region includes a first insulation region and a second insulation region; The first conductive region, the first insulating region, the second conductive region, and the second insulating region are sequentially connected to form an annular contact area that surrounds the rotor shaft. The first conductive region and the second conductive region are electrically connected.
3. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first support column, the second support column, the first brush plate, the second brush plate, the input terminal wire, the output terminal wire, and the annular contact area combine to form a slip ring switch plate; A plurality of slip ring switch plates are provided on the structure formed by the switch housing and the rotor shaft; An annular insulating region is provided between two adjacent slip ring switch plates.
4. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first conductive region and the second conductive region are electrically connected by conductive spokes; The conductive spokes pass radially through the rotor shaft.
5. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The areas of the first conductive region, the first insulating region, the second conductive region, and the second insulating region are equal.
6. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The containment space is filled with transformer oil.
7. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, A positioning sensor is provided at one end of the switch housing.
8. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fuse is connected in series on the input terminal wire.
9. The slip ring rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal wire is electrically connected to at least one of the following: a varistor, a solid-state discharge tube, and a gas discharge tube.
10. A lightning protection device, characterized in that, Includes a drive motor and a slip ring rotary switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The drive shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotor shaft in the slip ring rotary switch.